CN101381841B - High intensity and high ductility -50 DEG C low-temperature steel and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High intensity and high ductility -50 DEG C low-temperature steel and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-strength high-toughness low-temperature steel at 50 DEG C below zero and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the manufacturing field of low alloy steel. The low-temperature steel comprises chemical compositions in percentage by weight: 0.12 to 0.20 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.50 percent of Si, 1.20 to 1.70 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 0.30 to 1.00 percent of Ni, 0.005 to 0.050 percent of Ti, 0.005 to 0.10 percent of Al, 0.010 to 0.050 percent of Nb, one or more than one of less than or equal to 0.10 percent of V, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.040 percent of Zr, and less than or equal to 0.20 percent of RE, and the balance being Fe. The manufacturing method for the steel comprises the following steps: the heating temperature of steel billets is between 1, 150 and 1, 280 DEG C, the heating rate is between 8 and 14 minute/centimeter, the initial rolling temperature of the steel is more than or equal to 1, 100 DEG C, the accumulated reduction rate of control rolling is more than or equal to 60 percent, the reduction rate of each of final three passes is more than or equal to 10 percent, and the final rolling temperature is between 780 and 860 DEG C; and the normalizing heat treatment is adopted, the keeping temperature of the normalization is between 850 and 930 DEG C, and the keeping time is 30-50 minutes+plate thickness (millimeters) x 1 minute/millimeter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity-50 ℃ low-temperature steel and manufacture method thereof, belong to low alloy steel and make the field.
Background technology
Before the present invention proposed, the similar technical products that relates to low alloy steel manufacturing field was more, all proposes at special applied environment basically, and its advantage and drawback are different.Chinese patent patent publication No. 200710062013.1 " a kind of method of producing low-temperature high-toughness steel and steel plate thereof " is arranged, and the Ni content range of related steel is 8.50～10.00%, and the low temperature impact test temperature is-196 ℃.Also have Swedish patent SE442642 " low-alloy high-strength weldable steel ", its main chemical compositions is 0.07～0.11%C, 0.50～0.90%Ni, also must contain elements such as Cr, Cu, Mo, V, Ti, and this steel can use under-50 ℃ of corrosive environment of sea water.Again just like Japanese Patent JP592643201 " a kind of production method of low-temperature high-strength steel plate ", by the low alloy steel that contains 1.0～4.0%Ni, 0.005～0.05%C being carried out hot rolling, fast cooling, tempering heat treatment, low-temperature flexibility when having obtained excellent-40 ℃.
Also have two Japanese Patent JP2000397907 " low alloy steel and production method thereof " and JP021763491 " Hi-Stren steel of good low-temperature flexibility and resisting sulfide stress corrosion cracking ", adopt controlled rolling and controlled cooling (TMCP)+tempering, quenching+tempering production technique respectively, these two patents have all proposed claim to chemical ingredients and production technique, but all do not introduce low impact test temperature.
Use in the low alloy steel steel plate existing three grade of steel: 16MnDR, 15MnNiDR and 09MnNiDR at China's low-temperature pressure container.The usage quantity maximum of 16MnDR steel plate, but according to the reflection of use department, the toughness index of 16MnDR steel plate is on the low side, requires-40 ℃ of A among the GB GB3531
KV〉=27J ,-40 ℃ of A of welding back welded heat affecting zone
KVBe difficult to reach the requirement that is not less than 20J in the GB GB150 standard, 15MnNiDR is identical with the requirement of strength of 16MnR steel, be Rm 〉=490MPa, and the Rm 〉=440MPa of the another one grade of steel 09MnNiDR among the GB GB3531, cause China's low-temperature pressure container tank body wall thickness bigger, the corresponding increase of ratio of light weight to loading capacity has increased spherical tank manufacturing cost and working strength of workers.
Because it is very fast that steels for pressure vessel use develops to high tenacity, high strength direction, therefore, improve the intensity of existing steel for low-temperature pressure container, improve toughness again, become scientific research personnel's first-selected problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity-50 ℃ low-temperature steel and manufacture method thereof, can overcome the deficiency of prior art, adopt feasible production technique, be fit to big production operation, obtain high strength, stable and good-50 ℃ of low-temperature flexibilities.
For reaching the purpose that the present invention proposes, the present invention has designed a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity-50 ℃ low-temperature steel, its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage: C:0.12～0.20, Si:0.15～0.50, Mn:1.20～1.70, P :≤0.015, S :≤0.010, Ni:0.30～1.00, Ti:0.005～0.050, Al:0.005～0.10, Nb:0.010～0.050, contain V in addition :≤0.10, Cu :≤1.0, Mo :≤0.50, Zr :≤0.040, RE: one or more in≤0.020, surplus are Fe.
The chemical ingredients of the present invention in above-mentioned span is by weight percentage:
C:0.13, Si:0.17, Mn:1.31, P:0.008, S:0.007, Ni:0.37, Ti:0.009, Al:0.028, Nb:0.024, Cu:0.16, Mo:0.12, Zr:0.018, RE:0.0027, surplus is Fe.
The present invention further chemical ingredients in span is by weight percentage:
C:0.19, Si:0.41, Mn:1.65, P:0.011, S:0.006, Ni:0.79, Ti:0.043, Al:0.053, Nb:0.043, V:0.027, Mo:0.21, Zr:0.031, surplus is Fe.
By the given chemical ingredients of above-mentioned scope by weight percentage the method for production steel of the present invention be: adopt the desulfurizing iron technology, the converter top and bottom blowing, vacuum depths reason and trimming, by common Clean Steel technology be rolled, thermal treatment, it is characterized in that: billet heating temperature is 1150～1280 ℃, because Heating temperature is high more, resistance to deformation during billet rolling is more little, be beneficial to the protection milling train, but too high Heating temperature can cause the billet surface oxidization burning loss serious, reduce the lumber recovery of steel billet; 8～14 minutes/cm of heating rate fully spreads and uniform distribution the alloying element in the steel.The start rolling temperature of steel 〉=1100 ℃, controlled rolling accumulative total draft 〉=60%, every time draft of last three roads 〉=10%, 780～860 ℃ of finishing temperatures; Adopt normalizing thermal treatment, the normalizing holding temperature is 850～930 ℃, and soaking time is: 30～50 minutes ten thickness of slab (mm) * 1 minute/mm.
The reason of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Ni, Ti, Al, Nb, V, Cu, Mo, Zr, RE limited amount in the steel of the present invention below is described in detail in detail.
C exists with interstitial atom in steel, can improve steel strength very effectively, guarantee that the invention steel has enough intensity, so lower limit is 0.12%; But, along with carbon content increases, the unit elongation of steel and impelling strength descend, especially the low-temperature flexibility decline scope is bigger, consider to the objective of the invention is to make the high tenacity low-temperature steel, simultaneously, for taking into account the weldability of steel, thereby require the C content can not be too high, so the C upper content limit is 0.20%.
Si adds for liquid steel pre-deoxidizing, can reduce the greying tendency of carbon in the steel, and improves the intensity of steel with the solution strengthening form, but Si reduces the toughness of steel, and its content is unsuitable high, so its content range is 0.15～0.50%.
Mn improves the yield strength of steel and the element of tensile strength, and in the low-carbon and low-alloy high-strength steel, the Mn of interpolation strengthens the steel matrix with the solid solution form, and adding is necessary more than 1.20%; But cause the superheated susceptivity of steel to increase during the Mn too high levels, having slightly under the superheated situation, alligatoring just takes place in crystal grain, reduces the performance of steel, also increases temper brittleness, so the upper limit is 1.70%.
For high-intensity high-tenacity-50 ℃ low-temperature steel, P content is low more good more, needs very expensive and tap to tap time but reduce P content in the industrial production, so the upper limit is 0.015%.
The S too high levels makes steel have anisotropy and toughness reduces, so the upper limit is 0.010%.
Ni has face-centred cubic structure, and its impelling strength and test temperature are irrelevant.Ni can dissolve each other with any ratio with iron, improves the low-temperature flexibility of steel by the refinement ferrite crystal grain.Nickel can refinement perlite in the low alloy steel, thereby the carbon amount that contains nickel steel can reduce, and helps improving low-temperature flexibility, plasticity and the weldability of steel.Good-50 ℃ of low-temperature flexibilities for obtaining, 0.30% Ni content is necessary; But the Ni too high levels easily causes steel plate oxide skin to be difficult to come off, and increases steel product cost, so the upper limit is controlled at 1.00%.
Ti is a kind of intensive carbide and nitride forming element, and the TiN of formation, Ti particles such as (CN) is highly stable, effectively the pinning crystal boundary, stop the γ grain growth, thereby can crystal grain thinning, improve the low-temperature flexibility and the intensity of steel, 0.005% is lower limit when adding Ti; Addition is crossed and is generated carbide (TiC) at most, reduce low-temperature flexibility, so the upper limit is preferably 0.050%.
Al is the most cost-effective deoxidant element in the steel, and the crystal grain that the Al of certain content can also the refinement steel improves the intensity and the toughness of steel; But the Al too high levels easily causes steel inclusion to increase, and reduces the low-temperature flexibility of steel, reduces the surface quality of steel, and therefore, the limited range of Al content is 0.005～0.10%.
Nb is a kind of strong carbide forming element, and the NbC that forms in steel, Nb (CN) grade in an imperial examination two-phase particle suppresses austenite recrystallization, crystal grain thinning, the intensity and the low-temperature flexibility of raising steel; But the Nb too high levels easily cracks in casting process, so its content is controlled at below 0.050%.
V also is a kind of strong carbide forming element, the VC that forms in steel, V (CN) grade in an imperial examination two-phase particle, energy crystal grain thinning, the intensity and the low-temperature flexibility of raising steel; But during the V too high levels, reduce the weldability of steel, so its content is limited in below 0.10%.
Cu mainly plays the precipitation strength effect in steel, also help the acquisition good low-temperature flexibility, improves the antifatigue crack propagation ability of steel; When the Cu too high levels, steel plate very easily produces map cracking in the operation of rolling, so its content is limited in below 1.0%.
Mo can effectively improve the intensity of steel, improves the anti-hydrogen embrittlement ability of steel; If addition is too high, will cause the toughness of steel to descend, so its content is limited in below 0.50%.
Zr content was at 0.005% o'clock, and the RE addition all helps to improve the purity of steel at about 200g/ ton hour, thereby improved the low-temperature flexibility of steel.
The present invention has fully shown superiority of the present invention in opposing than test with like product, testing data sees tabulation for details:
The chemical ingredients of tabulation invention steel and compared steel and mechanical property contrast
From the tabulation correlation data as seen, steel of the present invention has adopted the Ti-Nb-Mo processing in the composition design, steel is pure, inclusion in the energy steel is rotten by thick silicate to be tiny oxide inclusion, pass through normalizing treatment again, homogeneous microstructure and stablizing, thus guarantee that steel of the present invention has high intensity, stable and good low-temperature flexibility.The intensity of steel of the present invention and plasticity all are higher than compared steel, and-50 ℃ of AKV values of steel especially of the present invention are much higher than compared steel, are 2～4 times of compared steel.Steel production technique of the present invention is simple, with low cost, all can implement at each smelter.
Steel of the present invention is suitable as the engineering machinery steel that low temperature spherical tank, storage tank and extremely frigid zones use most.
Steel of the present invention has following advantage:
1. the production technique of steel of the present invention has good adaptability, and the intensity and the low-temperature flexibility of steel plate satisfy technical requirement on design, and has enough affluence amounts, and low production cost adapts to big production requirement.
2. steel of the present invention has adopted microalloying and vacuum-treat, and steel is pure, for obtaining stable and good low-temperature flexibility is laid a good foundation.
3. the employing normalizing heat treatment technique is organized and is stablized, thereby steel of the present invention has stable and good-50 ℃ of low-temperature flexibilities.
Embodiment
According to composition of steel requirement of the present invention, smelted three stoves steel of the present invention with 80 tons of top bottom blowing oxygen coverters, being heated to 1220 ℃ comes out of the stove rolling, start rolling temperature is respectively 1110 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃, accumulative total draft 61～77%, every time draft of three roads, end is 10～16%, and finishing temperature is respectively 790,830,860 ℃.Rolled sheet material thickness difference 14,26,46mm.Normalizing temperature is respectively 850,890,930 ℃, and the normalizing soaking time was respectively 44,66,96 minutes, has tested the mechanical property of these three kinds of specification steel plates subsequently: intensity, plasticity and series of temperatures impelling strength, and contrast with corresponding comparative steel.The chemical ingredients of invention steel and compared steel and mechanical property contrast see the specification sheets tabulation for details.
Embodiment 1:C:0.13, Si:0.17, Mn:1.31, P:0.008, S:0.007, Ni:0.37, Ti:0.009, Al:0.028, Nb:0.024, Cu:0.16, Mo:0.12, Zr:0.018, RE:0.0027.
Embodiment 2:C:0.16, Si:0.24, Mn:1.47, P:0.012, S:0.008, Ni:0.59, Ti:0.021, Al:0.014, Nb:0.019, V:0.036, Cu:0.27, Zr:0.032, RE:0.0039.
Embodiment 3:C:0.19, Si:0.41, Mn:1.65, P:0.011, S:0.006, Ni:0.79, Ti:0.043, Al:0.053, Nb:0.043, V:0.027, Mo:0.21, Zr:0.031.
Claims (1)
1. method of producing high-intensity high-tenacity-50 ℃ low-temperature steel, the chemical ingredients of this steel is made up of following by weight percentage, C:0.12～0.20, Si:0.15～0.50, Mn:1.20～1.70, P :≤0.015, S :≤0.010, Ni:0.30～1.00, Ti:0.005～0.050, Al:0.005～0.10, Nb:0.010～0.050, contain V in addition :≤0.10, Cu :≤1.0, Mo :≤0.50, Zr :≤0.040, RE: one or more in≤0.020, surplus are Fe, adopt desulfurizing iron, the converter top and bottom blowing, vacuum depths reason and trimming, it is characterized in that: billet heating temperature is 1150～1280 ℃, 8～14 minutes/cm of heating rate, the start rolling temperature of steel 〉=1100 ℃, controlled rolling accumulative total draft 〉=60%, every time draft of last three roads 〉=10%, 780～860 ℃ of finishing temperatures; Adopt normalizing thermal treatment, the normalizing holding temperature is 850～930 ℃, and soaking time is: 30～50 minutes ten thickness of slab mm * 1 minute/mm.
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