CN101379681A - Motor, electric bolwer and electric duster - Google Patents

Motor, electric bolwer and electric duster Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101379681A
CN101379681A CNA2007800000442A CN200780000044A CN101379681A CN 101379681 A CN101379681 A CN 101379681A CN A2007800000442 A CNA2007800000442 A CN A2007800000442A CN 200780000044 A CN200780000044 A CN 200780000044A CN 101379681 A CN101379681 A CN 101379681A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brush
aforementioned
motor
commutator
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2007800000442A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高桥裕司
安岛武彦
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Home Appliance Co Ltd
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Home Appliance Co Ltd
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Home Appliance Co Ltd, Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Home Appliance Co Ltd
Publication of CN101379681A publication Critical patent/CN101379681A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04Commutators
    • H01R39/045Commutators the commutators being made of carbon
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04Commutators
    • H01R39/06Commutators other than with external cylindrical contact surface, e.g. flat commutators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Electric Suction Cleaners (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A motor in which a measure for improving brush loss is taken while satisfying both the motor efficiency and the abrasion life of a brush effectively. An electric fan and a vacuum cleaner are also provided. In a motor where a stator (8) and an armature (3) are constituted of a laminated core, a stator winding (9) is wound around the stator (8) and an armature winding (4) is wound around the armature (3), and the stator winding (9) is electrically connected in series with the armature winding (4) through mechanical sliding contact of a brush (11) with a commutator (5), the brush (11) is composed of a metal material and the sliding surface (51a) of the commutator (5) on the brush (11) is composed of a carbon material.

Description

Motor, electric blower and electric dust collector
Technical field
The present invention relates to charged brush motor, the electric blower of the motor of charged brush is equipped with, and the electric dust collector that is mounted with this electric blower.
Background technology
Electric dust collector by making electric blower action, makes the fan rotation, attracts to contain the air of dust from suction inlet, and the air of this attraction is imported in the motor via rectifying wings, discharges from outlet.Whereby, the air that will contain dust imports to the inside of the bag that the control of dust in the place ahead that is configured in motor uses, and catches dust (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1).
The power supply of motor that drives the fan of above-mentioned electric blower is a single phase alternating current power supply, adopts the motor that is equipped with the commutator that utilizes the single phase alternating current (A.C.) with series characteristic.In this case, the mode that has direct input applied voltage to turn round; And utilize switch element such as triode ac switch to carry out the change that phase control is carried out voltage, the method for control rotary speed.
In any method, be roughly 1000~1500W at the electric power of existing motor consumption, air quantity is roughly 1.0 (m 3The rotary speed of electric blower in/min) the zone is set in about 30000~50000r/min, and motor part efficient is 70%, rests on about 55% with the gross efficiency of the electric blower of air blast portion combination.
In order to improve suction power, motor occupies very big proportion.At present, generally be loaded in the motor in the electric dust collector, adopt single phase alternating current (A.C.) commutator structure,, can consider following countermeasure in order to improve the efficient of this motor.
Core material by rethinking armature and stator or their shape are improved core loss,
The rugosity of the line by strengthening armature winding and stator winding, shorten the length of conductor, improve copper loss,
By the resistance to sliding of reduction brush (commutator brush) and the rotational resistance of bearing, improve mechanical loss,
Improve the resistance of brush material,
By reducing the rectifying wings that constitutes air blast portion, the windage loss of rotary fan, improve the pressure loss etc.
In recent years, each electric dust collector manufacturing company, in order to improve suction power, the annual gross efficiency of little by little improving motor in the motor of motor external diameter φ 140mm * installation dimension 90mm, is carried out following improvement.
By introducing high efficiency electromagnetic steel plate, the thin plate of introducing thickness of slab 0.2~0.35mm etc., optimization of designs unshakable in one's determination etc. improve core loss.Line footpath by making armature winding is more than φ 0.6mm, and the line footpath of winding etc. is strengthened in the line of stator winding footpath more than φ 1.3mm, improve copper loss.Optimal design by fan, rectifying wings, to reduce from the leakage loss of fan caulking part is the application processing of purpose, to reduce the hermetically-sealed construction etc. that leakage loss the gap between fan and fan guard (ガ イ De) is purpose, the pressure loss of reduction air blast portion.
As mentioned above, relevant with brush loss has electrical loss and mechanical loss.Be loaded in the carbon brush of the existing motor on the electric dust collector, its material adopts the graphite of resin-bonded, when high speed rotating, have excellent rectification characteristics and the seat property taken advantage of (Zuo ?property) excellent characteristic.Resistivity is according to the voltage that uses and difference, at 2.0E-04~16.0E-04[Ω m] scope in.Because being loaded in the electric power of the electric blower consumption on the electric dust collector is the high input specification of 1000~1500W, rotary speed is also used in surpassing the zone of 30000r/min, so low electrical resistant material is favourable for raising the efficiency, but its wear-resistant life-span is improper.On the other hand, high-resistance material is unfavorable for raising the efficiency, but its wear-resistant life-span excellence.The material of brush according to the specification characteristic of product, is set in the optimum range of the wear-out life of moyor and brush.
Passing through of also having carries out copper facing on the surface except that the sliding surface of carbon brush and commutator, to scheme to reduce the electrical loss of brush, still, it is about about 0.5% that its improvement effect has only, and can not obtain big improving (for example, patent documentation 1).
Patent documentation 1: specially permit communique No. 3257355
In addition, employing is by the slide motor of the conversion carried out of the machinery of commutator and brush, because there is rectifier phenomena as this transformation, so, on by the winding in the switching process of brush short circuit,, leave the moment of brush at commutator segment by the effect generation electromotive force of reactance voltage and transformer, when the voltage when between the two surpasses sparking voltage, can produce spark.Therefore, when the spark that is produced by brush was big, the wearing and tearing of brush increased, and existed the problem of the lost of life of brush.At present, be that the wear-out life of the brush of 20mm guarantees to be 500~600 hours in the length of specification 6mm * 9mm.But,, be purpose to improve suction power as previously described, require under the situation of high input, high rotation speed, in order to ensure the desired life-span, the maximization that becomes of the profile of brush, produce maximum 6.5mm * 10mm, the maximum product that surpasses the specification of 35mm of length.By brush is maximized, can improve the wear-out life of brush, still, but have the tendency of deterioration for the improvement of efficient.
Like this, in the past, improve countermeasure about being loaded in the electric blower in the electric dust collector, not finding as yet the effective brush loss that satisfies moyor and wear of brush life-span.
Summary of the invention
The present invention its objective is in view of the above problems, provide a kind of have satisfy motor, electric blower and the electric dust collector that moyor and the brush loss in wear of brush life-span improve countermeasure effectively.
Motor of the present invention, constitute stator and armature with laminated core, have stator winding and the armature winding that is wound up on the aforementioned armature on the stator former of being wound up into, mechanical sliding contact by brush and commutator, to in series be electrically connected between stator former winding and the aforementioned armature winding, in described motor, constitute aforementioned brush with metal material, utilize material with carbon element to constitute the sliding contact surface of aforementioned commutator and aforementioned brush.
According to motor of the present invention, constitute brush by utilizing metal material, utilize material with carbon element to constitute commutator and sliding contact surface aforementioned brush, the slide area that can dwindle brush reduces the resistance of brush simultaneously.Consequently, can reduce the electrical loss that the resistance by brush causes, and reduce because the mechanical loss that the resistance to sliding of brush causes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the end view of expression according to the inside of the electric blower of form of implementation 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plane graph of observing brush 11 from the axial direction of rotating shaft 7.
Fig. 3 is the end view of expression with the side of the brush 11 of dipper crowding gear supporting.
Fig. 4 is the diagram that expression keeps the brush holder 10 of brush 11 and dipper crowding gear 12.
Fig. 5 is a plane graph of observing commutator 5 from the axial direction of rotating shaft 7.
Fig. 6 is a side view cutaway drawing of observing the commutator 5 of Fig. 5 from the X-X direction.
To be expression change the diagram of the table that part is generalized into the specification of the electric blower of the specification in past and the electric blower of specification of the present invention to Fig. 7.
Fig. 8 is the diagram of table of loss of the motor part of the specification representing relatively to pass by and specification of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the diagram of table of efficient of the motor of the specification representing relatively to pass by and specification of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the outside drawing according to the electric dust collector of form of implementation 2 of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the structure chart of expression according to the inside of the electric dust collector of form of implementation 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1 electric blower, the motor part of 1A electric blower, the air blast portion of 1B electric blower, 2 motor, 3 armatures, 4 armature winding, 5 commutators, 51 sliding panels, the sliding surface of 51a commutator, 52 commutator segments, 53 insulation keep body, 6 bearings, 7 rotating shafts, 8 stators, 9 stator winding, 10 brush holders, 11 brushes, 12 dipper crowding gears, 13 rectifying wings, 14 centrifugal fans, 15 fan guards, 20 electric dust collectors, the lower case of 21 electric dust collectors, the upper case of 22 electric dust collectors, the suction inlet of 23 electric dust collectors, 24 flexible pipes, the dust storage chamber of 25 electric dust collectors, the dust bag of 26 electric dust collectors, electric blower chambers 27,28 exhaust outlets
Embodiment
Form of implementation 1.
Here, for according to the motor (motor) of form of implementation of the present invention and utilize the electric blower of this motor to describe.
Fig. 1 is the end view of expression according to the inside of the electric blower of form of implementation 1 of the present invention.This electric blower 1 comprises: dispose as motor part (motor portion) 1A of the motor 2 of rotary driving source and have the 1B of air blast portion (blower portion) of Blast mechanism.
The motor that constitutes motor part 1A has stator 8 and armature 3, and then, have stator winding 9 that is wound up on the stator 8 and the armature winding 4 that is wound up on the armature 3.By brush (brush) 11 mechanical sliding contact, in series be electrically connected between stator winding 9 and the armature winding 4 with commutator 5.In addition, by bearing 6 supporting and armature 3 rotating shaft 7 in aggregates.
The 1B of air blast portion comprises: be arranged on rectifying wings 13, the centrifugal fan 14 of rotating shaft 7 ends and the fan guard 15 that covers rectifying wings 13 and centrifugal fan 14.
Fig. 2 is a plane graph of observing brush 11 from the axial direction of rotating shaft 7, and Fig. 3 is the end view of the side of the expression brush 11 that utilizes the dipper crowding gear supporting.The peripheral shape of brush 11 when the axial direction of rotating shaft 7 is observed is from roughly the trapezoidal shape of outside diameter to the internal side diameter narrowed width.The dipper crowding gear 12 that constitutes by spring etc. that brush 11 is pressed onto commutator 5 sides along the axial direction of rotating shaft 7 is equipped with at the back side of brush 11.Brush 11 and dipper crowding gear 12 are kept by brush holder 10.Fig. 4 is the diagram that expression keeps the brush holder 10 of brush 11 and dipper crowding gear 12.
Brush 11 is by conductivity good metal material, and for example metals such as gold, silver, platinum, copper or brass constitute, in the hope of the area of the sliding contact that reduces resistance and reduction and brush 11.
In addition, in the metal material of brush 11, also can contain material with carbon element, still, in this case, preferably, contain conductivity good metal material as much as possible.
Fig. 5 is a plane graph of observing commutator 5 from the axial direction of rotating shaft 7, and Fig. 6 is a side view cutaway drawing of observing the commutator 5 of Fig. 5 from the X-X direction.Commutator 5 is arranged on an end of armature 3, is electrically connected with armature winding 4.
Commutator 5, utilize the insulation of mould-forming to keep body 53, will be with the sliding panel 51 of brush 11 sliding contacts, can engage with switching on and be secured together with commutator segment 52 on being electrically connected to armature winding 4, wherein, described commutator segment is that the center is radial and is configured to discoid with the rotating shaft 7 of armature 3.
Sliding panel 51 is made of conductive material, becomes part and roughly configuration of rotating shaft 7 with sliding surface (sliding contact surface) 51a of brush 11 with meeting at right angles.In addition, become the part with the sliding surface 51a of brush 11, constitute, be divided into a plurality of segments by material with carbon elements such as artificial stone mills.In addition, sliding panel 51 not only can utilize material with carbon element to constitute the sliding surface 51a of itself and brush 11, and can utilize material with carbon element to constitute whole sliding panel.
Commutator segment 52 also constitutes with conductive material, for example, can utilize formations such as copper or material with carbon element.
Fig. 7 is the diagram that the electric blower of prior art and the specification change part according to the electric blower of form of implementation 1 of the present invention is generalized into table.According to Fig. 7, as can be seen, by with the material of brush 11 from Delanium material or resin-bonded graphite material (existing specification), become metal (specification of the present invention: for example, brass), can reduce resistance, simultaneously, can reduce the slip area of section (about 1/3 minimizing) of brush 11.This is because by utilizing metal to constitute brush 11, can reduce resistance, and is simultaneously more firm for electrical wear.
In addition, constitute the sliding surface 51a of commutator 5 and brush 11 by utilizing material with carbon element, the mechanical wear performance that can simultaneously keep brush 11 is with in the past identical, and one side can be reduced to about 1/3 with the slip area of section of brush 11.
And then, reduce approximately 1/3 by slip area of section with brush 11, can dwindle the sliding surface area with the commutator 5 of brush 11 sliding contacts, that is, can dwindle the diameter of commutator 5, whereby, can improve peripheral speed.
Fig. 8 is the table of loss of the motor part of the specification of prior art more shown in Figure 7 and specification of the present invention.
The electrical loss of brush 11 for the 44W in the graphite material of in the prior art Delanium material or resin-bonded, in the present invention, by changing over brazen metallic brush, can be reduced to 23.4W.
In addition, the mechanical loss of brush 11, by with the slip area of section of brush 11 from 1.1cm 2Narrow down to 0.4cm 2, can be reduced to 32.6W from 71W.
Thereby, make brush 11 by utilizing metal material, and, utilize material with carbon element to constitute the sliding surface 51a of commutator 5 its miniaturization, to compare with prior art constructions, the loss of motor part can improve the degree of 56W altogether.
If from the viewpoint of moyor, as shown in Figure 9, be altered to specification of the present invention by specification from prior art, the efficient of motor is improved to 76% from 70%.In addition, because the efficient of the air blast portion of electric blower has 78.6% at present, so, if, can be improved to 59.7% from the gross efficiency (=moyor * efficient ÷ of air blast portion 100) of electric blower.
Form of implementation 2.
Be built in the electric blower in the electric dust collector,, wish to make it miniaturization, and it is preferred can bringing into play stronger inhalation power, improve the electric blower that sucks power in order to use the most of space in the electric dust collector main body.
In order to respond this requirement,, propose the electric blower of explanation in the form of implementation 1 is loaded into the scheme of the electric dust collector in the deduster here.
Figure 10 is the outside drawing according to the electric dust collector of form of implementation 2 of the present invention, and Figure 11 is the cut-away view of expression according to the inside of the electric dust collector of form of implementation 2 of the present invention.
As Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, electric dust collector 20 comprises: lower case 21 and upper case 22, be arranged on the suction inlet 23 of the front of these shells 21,22, be installed in the flexible pipe 24 on the suction inlet 23, the dust storage chamber 25 that is communicated with suction inlet 23 is configured in the dust settling pocket 26 in the dust storage chamber 25.And then, be equipped with the electric blower 27 that illustrates in the form of implementation 1, described air blast to play a part via flexible pipe 24 attraction air, from exhaust outlet 28 air-outs at the rear portion of dust storage chamber 25.
As illustrating, utilization is constituted brush, is made of the electric blower of motor of the sliding surface of commutator and brush material with carbon element by metal material, can reduce the electrical loss that the resistance by brush causes, and the mechanical loss that causes by the resistance to sliding of brush.Therefore, when being loaded into the electric blower of form of implementation 1 in the electric dust collector, compare with the electric blower in past, uprise as the power of electric dust collector, can obtain can miniaturization and have the high electric dust collector that attracts performance.

Claims (6)

1. motor, utilize laminated core to constitute stator and armature, have stator winding and the armature winding that is wound up on the aforementioned armature on the stator former of being wound up into, mechanical sliding contact by brush and commutator, to in series be electrically connected between stator former winding and the aforementioned armature winding, it is characterized in that
Constitute aforementioned brush with metal material, utilize material with carbon element to constitute aforementioned commutator and sliding contact surface aforementioned brush.
2. motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the metal material that constitutes aforementioned brush contains material with carbon element.
3. motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, aforementioned brush from the observed peripheral shape of rotating shaft direction of aforementioned motor, is from the roughly trapezoidal shape of outside diameter to the internal side diameter narrowed width,
The brush holder that aforementioned brush pushing is remained on aforementioned commutator side is equipped with.
4. as any one described motor in the claim 1~3, it is characterized in that aforementioned commutator is arranged on an end of aforementioned armature, comprising:
Sliding panel, sliding contact surface described sliding panel and aforementioned brush constitutes a plurality of segments of cutting apart, with roughly configuration of rotating shaft with meeting at right angles,
Commutator segment, described commutator segment are that the center becomes radial and is configured to discoidly with aforementioned rotating shaft, and be connected on the above-mentioned armature winding,
Insulation keeps body, and described insulation keeps body can keep aforementioned sliding panel and aforementioned commutator segment with switching on.
5. an electric blower is characterized in that, described air blast comprises:
Motor in the claim 1~4 described in any one,
Be arranged on rectifying wings and centrifugal fan on the rotating shaft of aforementioned electric motivation.
6. an electric dust collector is characterized in that, described electric dust collector is mounted with the described electric blower of claim 5.
CNA2007800000442A 2007-01-30 2007-01-30 Motor, electric bolwer and electric duster Pending CN101379681A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2007/051427 WO2008093393A1 (en) 2007-01-30 2007-01-30 Motor, motor fan and vacuum cleaner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101379681A true CN101379681A (en) 2009-03-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2007800000442A Pending CN101379681A (en) 2007-01-30 2007-01-30 Motor, electric bolwer and electric duster

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JP (1) JPWO2008093393A1 (en)
KR (1) KR100965986B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101379681A (en)
WO (1) WO2008093393A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108071604A (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-25 日立空调·家用电器株式会社 Electric blower and the electric dust collector with the electric blower

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US8933609B2 (en) * 2011-08-23 2015-01-13 Ti Group Automotive Systems, L.L.C. Electric motor driven liquid pump and brush for same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108071604A (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-25 日立空调·家用电器株式会社 Electric blower and the electric dust collector with the electric blower

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Publication number Publication date
KR20080077041A (en) 2008-08-21
JPWO2008093393A1 (en) 2010-05-20
WO2008093393A1 (en) 2008-08-07
KR100965986B1 (en) 2010-06-24

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Open date: 20090304