CN101376403B - Chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach - Google Patents
Chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach Download PDFInfo
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- CN101376403B CN101376403B CN2007101211353A CN200710121135A CN101376403B CN 101376403 B CN101376403 B CN 101376403B CN 2007101211353 A CN2007101211353 A CN 2007101211353A CN 200710121135 A CN200710121135 A CN 200710121135A CN 101376403 B CN101376403 B CN 101376403B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chassis articulating system which is applicable to a rear engine large articulated bus. The chassis articulating system comprises three parts of a split truss structure, a hydraulic control system and an electric control unit, wherein the split truss structure mainly realizes the articulation of a front compartment and a back compartment of the large articulated bus; the hydraulic control system is mainly used for providing the damping force which is correspondingly increased along with the increase of a rotation angle of the front and the back compartments for the large articulated bus, thereby stopping the sideslip of a second bridge of tires during the turning of the large articulated bus and preventing the shear of the front and the back compartments; the electric control unit is mainly used for monitoring the status of the large articulated bus, controlling the on/off status of an electromagnetic valve and a throttle valve in the hydraulic control system and emitting an alarm signal. The invention has the advantages that each part of the split structure is mutually independent and interrelated, the requirements on the manufacturing process are lower, the manufacturing cost is low; the maintenance is convenient, the cost is low; the operation stability is good; the shock absorbing effect is good; the system strength is high and the load capacity is great.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chassis articulated system that is applicable to 14～25 meters long secondarys or the above large-sized articulated coach of secondary, refer to a kind of chassis articulated system that is applicable to 14～18 meters long rear-mounted engine large-sized articulated coach especially.
Background technology
Before 2005, the above large-sized articulated coach of secondary that travels in Chinese big and medium-sized cities or secondary (being commonly called as big logical cover) all is the F/F articulated bus basically, engine installation is at the passenger vehicle front end, drive the back vehicle frame by front vehicle frame and travel, be connected by ball end between front vehicle frame and the back vehicle frame.The shortcoming of this F/F articulated bus is: the interior space degree of utilization is low, and noise is big in the car, and traveling comfort is poor, and car load axle weight unreasonable distribution easily produces the whipping phenomenon in the fast running, be not suitable for as the fast public traffic system car.
Along with the development of auto manufacturing, the rear-mounted engine articulated bus has interior space degree of utilization height because of it, and noise is little in the car, traveling comfort is good, the car load axle weight distributes rationally, is fit to as fast public traffic system with advantages such as cars, and beginning replaces the F/F articulated bus gradually.
Because the rear-mounted engine articulated bus adopts third axle to drive, back car promotes front truck and travels.When the forward and backward car horizontal direction of passenger vehicle produced angle (as turning to), back car can produce the side force perpendicular to working direction to front truck second bridge, and the propulsive effort of this power and forward and backward car angle and third axle is directly proportional.Increase along with forward and backward car angle and third axle propulsive effort, side force increases, the second bridge wheel and ground will be produced breaks away, forward and backward car is sheared, passenger vehicle is out of control, therefore a chassis articulated system need be installed between the forward and backward car of rear-mounted engine articulated bus, this chassis articulated system not only has the forward and backward car pivotally attached of large-sized articulated coach function, and, the dumping force of corresponding increase also should be able to be provided along with the increase of front and back car corner, stop the second bridge tire to produce and break away, prevent the function that forward and backward car is sheared.
There are three families in the external producer that produces rear-mounted engine articulated bus chassis articulated system: be respectively Hubner company, German Hemscheidt company and the Hungary IKARUS company of Germany, wherein Hungary IKARUS company is purchased by German company.The chassis articulated system that is applied in the rear-mounted engine articulated bus that above-mentioned German two companies produce all adopts high integrated structure design thinking, and the articulated system of its production is high integrated integral structure, can not be split.Its advantage is: installation is simple, convenient, has reduced the structure occupation space effectively.But its shortcoming is: manufacture difficulty is big, manufacturing cost is high, maintenance cost is high.
At present, it is very high to produce the needed die cost of this kind integrated level steel part product higher, that body volume is bigger, and, because the technical merit of China's steel industry is compared with external advanced person's steel industry and is also had a certain distance, so this has improved the difficulty and the cost of China's this series products of production and processing virtually.At present, all more than 200,000, and high, this city traffic improvement project to China has caused very big pressure to the integrated articulated system of this height in the price on the China market.
In addition, though the product installation process of this high integration is more convenient quick, but replacing has got up just to occur very big trouble after system's certain part appearance in use damages or consumes for a long time in year, because integrated level is too high, remove very trouble, even and much the wherein some very little damage of components of assembly parts are also wanted integral replacing, the one, cause very big waste, cause maintenance cost very high besides.
In addition, these chassis articulated systems all belong to foreign technology, and this at home technology is blank fully.Along with the development of China's bus industry, this demand that is applied to the chassis articulated system in the large-sized articulated coach is further improved, this just certainly will cause a kind of technical monopoly to China.
For China such one populous, the country that resource is in short supply relatively, to develop a chassis articulated system that can satisfy the hinge function of rear-mounted engine articulated bus, can reduce manufacturing cost and maintenance cost effectively again be development China bus industry, be fit to the China's national situation needs, press for the problem of solution.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, the purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of processing and manufacturing is simple, manufacture difficulty is low, low cost of manufacture, easy to maintenance, the chassis articulated system that is applicable to 14～25 meters long secondarys or the above rear-mounted engine large-sized articulated coach of secondary that maintenance cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach is characterized in that: this chassis articulated system comprises splitting type truss structure, hydraulic control system and electric control unit three parts;
Described splitting type truss structure comprises preceding truss, crossbeam, turntable bearing and back truss; Preceding truss is positioned at the rear end in large-sized articulated coach front truck compartment, on the truss, front compartment by preceding truss band and moves before the front compartment of large-sized articulated coach is welded on; The rear end of preceding truss links to each other with crossbeam by ball pivot; Crossbeam is by being bolted to the outer ring of turntable bearing; The front end in rear spar chord position car compartment behind large-sized articulated coach, the trunk of large-sized articulated coach are welded on the truss of back, trunk by back truss band and move; The front end of back truss is by being bolted to the inner ring of turntable bearing;
Described hydraulic control system comprises hydraulic control body, left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder and petrol storage tank;
Hydraulic control body is installed in the front end of back truss in the truss structure, and concentric with the turntable bearing in the truss structure, rotates synchronously with turntable bearing; One end of left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder is fixed on the rear end of back truss, and the other end is fixed on the crossbeam in the truss structure by bearing pin; Petrol storage tank is fixed on the truss of back;
Link to each other by hydraulic oil pipe between hydraulic control body, left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder and the petrol storage tank; And pass through the hydraulic oil pipe cross connection between the left and right hydraulic cylinder piston front and rear cylinder;
Described electric control unit comprises microprocessor, angular transducer and level sensor; Angular transducer is installed on the hydraulic control body, and articulated bus limit angle of turn is monitored; Level sensor is installed in the hydraulic efficiency pressure system petrol storage tank, and hydraulic pressure oil mass in the hydraulic efficiency pressure system is monitored; The signal input part of microprocessor links to each other with level sensor with car speed sensor, brake switch, ignition lock, reversing master cock, the angular transducer of articulated bus respectively; Its signal output part links to each other the conducting of control electromagnetic valve, flow regulating valve and shutoff through the electromagnetic valve on photoelectric isolating circuit and the hydraulic control body, the control end of flow regulating valve.
Splitting type truss structure in the articulated system of chassis of the present invention is mainly realized the hinged of the forward and backward compartment of large-sized articulated coach; Hydraulic control system mainly is for large-sized articulated coach provides dumping force with the corresponding increase of increase of forward and backward car corner, and the second bridge tire produces and breaks away when stoping large-sized articulated coach to be turned, and prevents that forward and backward car from shearing; Electric control unit mainly is the interior electromagnetic valve of state, modulated pressure control system of monitoring large-sized articulated coach and unlatching or the shutoff and the checking system mode of operation of flow regulating valve, sends breakdown signal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the annexation figure of preceding truss of the present invention and ball pivot;
Fig. 3 is the annexation figure between preceding truss of the present invention and the crossbeam;
Fig. 4-the 1st, crossbeam of the present invention front top perspective view;
Fig. 4-the 2nd, crossbeam reverse side top perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the annexation figure between crossbeam of the present invention and the turntable bearing;
Fig. 6-the 1st, the structural representation of turntable bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 6-the 2nd, the A-A cutaway view of turntable bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 6-the 3rd, the part sectional view of turntable bearing of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a truss structure scheme drawing behind the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the annexation figure between truss and the turntable bearing behind the present invention;
Constitution diagram when Fig. 9 is the large-sized articulated coach turning;
Figure 10 is a hydraulic control body side-looking structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 11 is a hydraulic control body plan structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the inner part sectional view of hydraulic control body of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the A-A cutaway view of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the B-B cutaway view of Figure 12;
Figure 15 is hydraulic control body internal oil passages scheme circuit of the present invention and hydraulic control system fundamental diagram.
Figure 16 is a chassis of the present invention articulated system electron steering power principle block diagram.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the chassis articulated system structural representation that is applicable to 14～25 meters long secondarys or the above rear-mounted engine large-sized articulated coach of secondary disclosed by the invention.This chassis articulated system comprises splitting type truss structure, hydraulic control system and electric control unit three parts.Wherein, splitting type truss structure is mainly realized the hinged of the forward and backward compartment of large-sized articulated coach; Hydraulic control system mainly is for large-sized articulated coach provides dumping force with the corresponding increase of increase of forward and backward car corner, and the second bridge tire produces and breaks away when stoping large-sized articulated coach to be turned, and prevents that forward and backward car from shearing; Electric control unit mainly is the interior electromagnetic valve of state, modulated pressure control system of monitoring large-sized articulated coach and unlatching or the shutoff and the checking system mode of operation of flow regulating valve, sends breakdown signal.
As shown in Figure 1, truss 1, crossbeam 2, turntable bearing 3 and back truss 4 before splitting type truss structure comprises.Preceding truss 1 is positioned at the rear end in large-sized articulated coach front truck compartment, on the truss 1, is being with front compartment to move by preceding truss 1 before the front compartment of large-sized articulated coach is welded on.The rear end of preceding truss 1 links to each other with crossbeam 2 by ball pivot 5; Crossbeam 2 is by being bolted to the outer ring of turntable bearing 3.Back truss 4 is positioned at the front end in car compartment behind the large-sized articulated coach, and the trunk of large-sized articulated coach is welded on the truss 4 of back, is being with trunk to move by back truss 4.The front end of back truss 4 is by being bolted to the inner ring of turntable bearing 3.The forward and backward compartment of large-sized articulated coach is exactly to realize pivotallys attached by preceding truss 1, crossbeam 2, turntable bearing 3 and back truss 4, and the rotation of the turntable bearing 3 by connecting forward and backward truss and crossbeam 2 forward and backward compartment horizontal direction when realizing Vehicular turn.
As shown in Figure 2, respectively be provided with a ball pivot mounting hole 6 in the rear end of preceding truss 1 and arranged on left and right sides arm.The two ends of ball pivot 5 center shafts have hole 7, and the outside face of its center shaft is cast with the rubber that is used for damping, are fixed on after the two ends of ball pivot 5 press-fit with back-up ring 8 and trip ring 9 in the ball pivot mounting hole 6 of preceding truss 1 rear end.Then, as shown in Figure 3, the hole 7 that bolt 10 is passed ball pivot 5 center shaft two ends is fixed in the bolt hole on the crossbeam 2, thereby, preceding truss 1 is fixed together with crossbeam 2.
Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2 is crossbeam perspective view of the present invention.As shown in the figure, this crossbeam 2 mainly is welded by platform installation beams 12, four fixation steel plates 13,14,15,16 and attaching parts 17.
Four fixation steel plates are divided into left and right two groups, and every group of two fixation steel plates 13,15 are placed up and down, by several round steel 18 weld togethers, become as a whole between last fixation steel plate 13 and the following fixation steel plate 15; In like manner, fixation steel plate 14,16 is also placed up and down, also by several round steel 18 weld togethers, becomes as a whole between last fixation steel plate 14 and the following fixation steel plate 16.All round steel 18 are on the same circumference.
Described attaching parts 17 is between 13,14 and two following fixation steel plates 15,16 of fixation steel plate on two.Have two welding circular hole 19 on the following fixation steel plate 15,16 in two groups of fixation steel plates, the two ends of attaching parts 17 respectively with left and right two groups of fixation steel plates in following fixation steel plate 15,16 weld togethers, make left and right two groups of fixation steel plates as a whole with 17 one-tenth of attaching partss.
Corresponding round steel 18 places are drilled with the hole 20 that several are used to wear bolt respectively on every group of fixation steel plate, and these holes 20 are on the same circumference, and the center of the center in each hole 20 and each round steel 18 overlaps.In specific embodiments of the invention, be drilled with respectively on every group of fixation steel plate and be drilled with 20,12 holes, 12 holes on 20, the two groups of fixation steel plates in 6 holes altogether and be on the same circumference.As shown in Figure 5,12 bolts 21 are passed hole 20 on the crossbeam 2 be fixed in the hole on turntable bearing 3 outer rings, thereby, crossbeam 2 is fixed on the outer ring of turntable bearing 3.Because of bolt 21 passes from the center of round steel 18, so round steel 18 has played the effect of reinforcement bonded assembly again.
End at every group of fixation steel plate has a groove 22 that is used for fixing ball pivot 5, and the ball pivot 5 of truss 1 rear end just is embedded in this groove 22 before being fixed on; Then, be fixed together by bolt 10 and crossbeam 2.The other end at every group of fixation steel plate has a hydraulic actuating cylinder mounting hole 23, and the hydraulic actuating cylinder 34,35 that is installed on the truss 4 of back just is fixed together with crossbeam 2 by this mounting hole 23.
The surface soldered of fixation steel plate 13,14 has a platform installation beams 12 on two, and this platform installation beams 12 is used to support the platform of large-sized articulated coach middle part.Be provided with a plurality of flat-bed bolts hole that are used for fixing on platform installation beams 12, the inboard steel plate reinforcement of using in hole is to guarantee bolt screw thread intensity.
Fig. 6-1～Fig. 6-3 realizes the turning function of vehicle horizontal direction for the structural representation of the turntable bearing 3 of the present invention's use, the present invention by this turntable bearing.As shown in the figure, the turntable bearing that uses of the present invention is made of outer bearing watts 24, neck bearing watts 25 and steel ball 26.Inside and outside bearing liner is combined and is formed a cavity, and steel ball 26 side by side completely is layered in this cavity.On the outer bearing of turntable bearing 3 watts 24, be provided with several holes that is used for fixing crossbeam 2 27, on the neck bearing of turntable bearing 3 watts 25, also be provided with the hole 28 that several are used for fixing back truss 4.On the neck bearing of turntable bearing 3 watts 25, also be provided with oiling interface 29, according to actual conditions by this oiling interface to the inner lubricating oil that adds of bearing, guarantee the smooth and easy lastingly of system motion, guarantee the designing requirement of system's high strength, high life effectively.For dustproof, sealing, between inside and outside bearing liner, be provided with oil proof rubber seal ring 30.
In specific embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned turntable bearing adopts 50Mn high-strength alloy material to make, on the outer bearing of turntable bearing watt, be provided with 12 holes 27 that are used for fixing crossbeam 2, on the neck bearing of turntable bearing watt, be provided with 14 holes 28 that are used for fixing back truss 4.
Back truss 4 is positioned at the front end in car compartment behind the large-sized articulated coach, and the back car compartment of large-sized articulated coach is welded on the truss 4 of back, is being with it to move by back truss 4.Fig. 7 is the structural representation of truss 4 behind the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the front end of back truss 4 is provided with several holes 31, and these holes 31 are on the same circumference.In specific embodiments of the invention, the back truss 4 front end be provided with 14 holes altogether, 14 holes are on the same circumference.This hole is used for back truss 4 and turntable bearing 3 are fixed together, as shown in Figure 8, bolt 32 is passed the hole 31 of back truss front end and the hole 28 on turntable bearing 3 inner rings, it is tightened, thereby back truss 4 is fixed on the inner ring of turntable bearing 3 with nut.
The forward and backward compartment of large-sized articulated coach is exactly to realize pivotally attached by truss 1, crossbeam 2, turntable bearing 3 and back truss 4 before above-mentioned, and the rotation of the turntable bearing 3 by connecting forward and backward truss and crossbeam 2 forward and backward compartment horizontal direction when realizing Vehicular turn, as shown in Figure 9.But, because the rear-mounted engine articulated bus adopts third axle to drive, back car promotes front truck and travels, before articulated bus, when back car horizontal direction produces angle (as turning to), back car can produce the side force perpendicular to working direction to front truck second bridge, the second bridge wheel and ground are produced breaks away, before, back car is sheared, passenger vehicle is out of control, shown in, in articulated system of large-sized articulated coach, also to comprise a hydraulic control system, this hydraulic control system can be along with preceding, the increase of back car corner and the dumping force of corresponding increase is provided, the second bridge tire produces and breaks away when stoping large-sized articulated coach to be turned, before preventing, back car is sheared.
As shown in Figure 1, this hydraulic control system comprises hydraulic control body 33, is installed in left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 34,35 and petrol storage tank 36 on the truss 4 and arranged on left and right sides arms of back.Hydraulic control body 33 is installed in the front end of back truss 4, and concentric with turntable bearing 3, rotates synchronously with turntable bearing 3.One end of left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 34,35 is fixed on the rear end of back truss 4, and the other end is fixed in the hydraulic pressure mounting hole 23 on the crossbeam 2 in the truss structure by bearing pin.Petrol storage tank 36 also is fixed on the truss 4 of back.Link to each other by hydraulic oil pipe 37 between hydraulic control body 33, left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 34,35 and the petrol storage tank 36.Pass through the hydraulic oil pipe cross connection between left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 34, the 35 piston front and rear cylinder.
Because hydraulic control body 33 rotates synchronously with the turntable bearing in the articulated bus articulated system 3, variation of forward and backward car angle when so hydraulic control body 33 can be turned according to large-sized articulated coach, change the speed and the oil mass that flow into, flow out the hydraulic oil of left hydraulic cylinder 34, right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 piston front and rear cylinder, make the hydraulic arm motion of left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder produce corresponding resistance, thereby make left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 34,35 for articulated bus safety, stable operation provide enough dampings, prevent forward and backward car shearing.
As Figure 10, shown in Figure 11, the hydraulic control body in the hydraulic control system is made of body 38, upper pendulum bar 39, mandrel 40, two check valve 41-1,41-2, two unidirectional by pass valve 42-1,42-2, an electromagnetic valve 43 and a flow regulating valve 44.
Mandrel 40 is installed in the body 38, and an end of upper pendulum bar 39 is fixed on the top of mandrel 40.The other end of upper pendulum bar 39 is fixed on the crossbeam 2 in the chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach splitting type truss structure shown in Figure 1.As shown in Figure 9, when large-sized articulated coach was turned, the crossbeam 2 in the chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach splitting type truss structure just had been with upper pendulum bar 39 to rotate, thereby, rotate with the intrinsic mandrel 40 of hydraulic control body that is installed in that links to each other with upper pendulum bar 39.When large-sized articulated coach was turned, along with the variation of angle between the forward and backward car, the angle that upper pendulum bar 39 and mandrel 40 rotate also changed thereupon.
On body 38, have the interface 45, interface 46 that links to each other with controlled right hydraulic actuating cylinder and the interface 47 that links to each other with petrol storage tank that link to each other with controlled left hydraulic cylinder.Two check valve 41-1,41-2, two unidirectional by pass valve 42-1,42-2, an electromagnetic valve 43 and a flow regulating valve 44 also are installed on body 38.
In body 38, on the mandrel 40, have some oil grooves.As shown in figure 12, the present invention has four oil grooves 48,49,50,51 on mandrel 40.Wherein, oil groove 48,49 is one group, communicates with each other, and they link to each other with controlled left hydraulic cylinder by oil groove, the interface 45 on the body 38, the hydraulic oil pipe in the body 38. Oil groove 50,51 is one group, communicates with each other, and they link to each other with controlled right hydraulic actuating cylinder by oil groove, the interface 46 on the body 38, the hydraulic oil pipe in the body 38.
Figure 13 is the cutaway view of expression hydraulic control body inner oil sump structure of the present invention.As shown in the figure, have an oil groove 48 and a fan-shaped oil groove 49 on mandrel 40, oil groove 48 and 49 communicates with each other.In a side of fan-shaped oil groove 49, body 38, have three oil grooves, a spraying nipple 52,53,54 is installed in every oil groove, these three oil grooves cross and form a total oil groove 55. Oil groove 48,49,55 links to each other with left hydraulic cylinder.When large-sized articulated coach turnon left or right-hand corner, crossbeam 2 in the articulated bus articulated system can drive the upper pendulum bar 39 that is attached thereto and rotate, upper pendulum bar 39 can drive mandrel 40 and rotate, in mandrel 40 left-handed turnings or right-handed process, increase along with angle of turn, mandrel 40 is closed 1 spraying nipple or 2 spraying nipples or 3 spraying nipples successively, the oil mass that flows through in total oil groove 55 is changed, thereby, the speed and the oil mass that flow into and flow out the hydraulic oil in the controlled left hydraulic cylinder are changed, tuck in the hydraulic efficiency pressure system and press oil pressure to increase, and then left hydraulic cylinder is provided with preceding for car load, back car angle increases and the damping of increase.
In like manner, as shown in figure 14, also have an oil groove 50 and a fan-shaped oil groove 51 on mandrel 40, oil groove 50 and 51 communicates with each other.In a side of fan-shaped oil groove 51, body 38, have three oil grooves, a spraying nipple 56,57,58 is installed in every oil groove, these three oil grooves cross and form a total oil groove 59. Oil groove 50,51,59 links to each other with right hydraulic actuating cylinder.When large-sized articulated coach is turned, crossbeam 2 in the articulated bus articulated system can drive the upper pendulum bar 39 that is attached thereto and rotate, upper pendulum bar 39 drives mandrel 40 and rotates, in mandrel 40 rotating process, can close 1 spraying nipple or 2 spraying nipples or 3 spraying nipples successively, the oil mass that flows through in total oil groove 59 is changed, thereby, the speed and the oil mass that flow into and flow out the hydraulic oil in the controlled right hydraulic actuating cylinder are changed, and then make right hydraulic actuating cylinder that the dumping force that changes with forward and backward car variable angle is provided for car load.
In specific embodiments of the invention, on mandrel 40, have four oil grooves, one group links to each other with controlled left hydraulic cylinder, right hydraulic actuating cylinder respectively in twos.Certainly, also can on mandrel 40, have some oil grooves, they are divided into two groups, link to each other with left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder respectively.
In specific embodiments of the invention, on the body of hydraulic control body, be provided with two groups of spraying nipples, every group comprises 3 spraying nipples, is respectively applied for to change the flow velocity that flows into, flows out the hydraulic oil of left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder.Certainly, also can increase or reduce the quantity of every group of spraying nipple as required, only comprise 3 spraying nipples and need not be confined to every group.
Figure 15 is hydraulic control body oil circuit scheme circuit of the present invention and fundamental diagram.As shown in the figure, controlled left hydraulic cylinder 34 links to each other with interface 45 on the hydraulic control body body by hydraulic oil pipe 37, communicate with oil groove 48 on the mandrel 40 by the oil groove in the body 38 then, again by linking to each other with the oil inlet of electromagnetic valve 43 with the oil groove 49,55 that oil groove 48 the communicates check valve 41-1 that connects.
Controlled right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 links to each other with interface 46 on the hydraulic control body body by hydraulic oil pipe 37, communicate with oil groove 50 on the mandrel 40 by the oil groove in the body 38 then, again by linking to each other with the oil inlet of electromagnetic valve 43 with the oil groove 59 that oil groove 50 the communicates check valve 41-2 that connects.
The oil outlet of electromagnetic valve 43 directly or behind flow regulating valve 44 links to each other with left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 34,35 through unidirectional by pass valve 42-1,42-2 respectively.
As shown in Figure 1, the piston front and rear cylinder of two hydraulic actuating cylinders 34,35 is intersected and to be joined, and the oil circuit between two hydraulic actuating cylinders communicates by hydraulic control body.This hydraulic control body and large-sized articulated coach are turned synchronously, and when large-sized articulated coach turnon left or right-hand corner, the hydraulic control body in the hydraulic control system rotates along with the rotation of articulated bus.In the hydraulic control body rotating process, change the speed and the oil mass that flow into and flow out the hydraulic oil of left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder, and then make left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder that the dumping force that changes with forward and backward car variable angle is provided for car load, the second bridge tire produces and breaks away when stoping large-sized articulated coach to be turned, prevent forward and backward car shearing, articulated bus is worked safely and steadly.
The principle of work of hydraulic control system of the present invention is as follows:
Referring to Figure 15, when the large-sized articulated coach turnon left, along with the increase of the forward and backward car angle of articulated bus, the hydraulic arm of left hydraulic cylinder 34 shortens, the hydraulic arm elongation of right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35, the oil mass in the anterior cylinder body of oil mass in the left hydraulic cylinder 34 piston rear portion cylinder bodies and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 pistons tails off.The right circuit among Figure 15 becomes the live conductor road, at this moment, because the hydraulic arm of left hydraulic cylinder 34 is compressed, the hydraulic arm of right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 is elongated, and the hydraulic oil in the anterior cylinder body of hydraulic oil in the left hydraulic cylinder 34 piston rear portion cylinder bodies and right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 pistons is through hydraulic oil pipe 37, oil groove in the body 38, oil groove 50 on the mandrel 40,51, spraying nipple 56 and/or spraying nipple 57 and/or spraying nipple 58, oil groove 59, check valve 41-2, electromagnetic valve 43, intrinsic oil groove, unidirectional by pass valve 42-1, oil groove on the body, in the cylinder body of hydraulic oil pipe 37 inflow left hydraulic cylinders 34 piston front portions and in the cylinder body at right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 piston rear portions.Before large-sized articulated coach, back car angle diminish (being that articulated bus is got back to the straight-line travelling position), the hydraulic arm elongation of left hydraulic cylinder 34, the hydraulic arm of right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 shortens, left side circuit among Figure 15 becomes the live conductor road, and hydraulic oil in the anterior cylinder body of left hydraulic cylinder 34 pistons and the hydraulic oil in the right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 piston rear portion cylinder bodies are through hydraulic oil pipe 37, oil groove in the body 38, oil groove 48 on the mandrel 40,49, spraying nipple 52 and/or spraying nipple 53 and/or spraying nipple 54, oil groove 55, check valve 41-1, electromagnetic valve 43, intrinsic oil groove, unidirectional by pass valve 42-2, oil groove on the body, in the cylinder body at hydraulic oil pipe 37 inflow left hydraulic cylinders 34 piston rear portions and in the cylinder body of right hydraulic actuating cylinder 35 piston front portions.
Because hydraulic control body inner structure of the present invention is symmetrical, so when the large-sized articulated coach right-hand corner, the operation sheet of hydraulic control system is opposite during with above-mentioned turnon left.
Need to prove that the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic control body of flowing through, left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder is determined by the quantity of the spraying nipple (52-54,56-58) that hydraulic control body inner spindle 40 is communicated with; The angle decision that the spraying nipple quantity that mandrel 40 is communicated with is rotated by mandrel 40 again; The angle that mandrel 40 rotates is controlled by upper pendulum bar 39 again; Because upper pendulum bar 39 links to each other with truss structure in the articulated system, so the mandrel 40 in the hydraulic control body according to before the articulated bus, the angle of car, the spraying nipple that is communicated with varying number, change the flow velocity and the flow of the hydraulic oil of the left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder of flowing through, make left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder that the dumping force that changes along with forward and backward car corner is provided for large-sized articulated coach, the sideslip that the second bridge tire produces when stoping large-sized articulated coach to be turned prevents forward and backward car shearing.For vehicle provides the control of good steering stability and steering angle, guarantee normal vehicle operation.
Flow regulating valve 44 in the hydraulic control body of the present invention is installed on the electromagnetic valve 43, its unlatching and shutoff are controlled by the electric control unit in the hydraulic control system, be used for when Vehicle Speed surpasses 40 kilometers or increase the hydraulic efficiency pressure system damping during brake, improve whole vehicle stability.
Figure 16 is a chassis of the present invention articulated system electric control unit functional block diagram.Chassis of the present invention articulated system carries out aux. controls by electric control unit to machinery and hydraulic efficiency pressure system, provides effective assurance for system reliably, stably moves.As shown in the figure, electric control unit comprises microprocessor (CPU), angular transducer and level sensor.Angular transducer 60 is installed in (as shown in Figure 1) on the hydraulic control body 33, is used for articulated bus limit angle of turn is monitored.Level sensor is installed in the hydraulic efficiency pressure system petrol storage tank, is used for monitoring the oil mass of petrol storage tank.The signal input part of microprocessor CPU links to each other with level sensor with car speed sensor, brake switch, ignition lock, reversing master cock, the angular transducer of articulated bus respectively, when the speed of a motor vehicle, passenger vehicle braking mode, fired state, reversing state and the articulated bus of gathering articulated bus turned before and after information such as car angle.The signal output part of microprocessor CPU links to each other through the electromagnetic valve on photoelectric isolating circuit and the hydraulic control body, the control end of flow regulating valve, the conducting of control electromagnetic valve, flow regulating valve and shutoff, flow into, flow out hydraulic fluid flow rate and flow velocity in the left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder by electromagnetic valve, Throttle Valve Control, to produce the damping that changes with the articulated bus angle of turn.Another group signal output part process photoelectric isolating circuit of microprocessor CPU links to each other with the caution bell with the display lamp on the instrument display panel, shows the faulty condition of articulated system, and notifying operation personnel in time get rid of.The brake control signal mouth of microprocessor CPU links to each other with the brake unit of articulated bus by photoelectric isolating circuit; When the angle between the car surpassed maximum limit before and after the articulated bus, electric control unit output speed-slackening signal made articulated bus brake, out of service.
As shown in the figure, the serial ports of microprocessor CPU in the electric control unit/or the parallel port link to each other with the articulated bus electric-control system by the CAM bus, carry out data exchange.
More than be electric control unit functional block diagram of the present invention, in the specific implementation, the model that the inventor selects for use Shenzhen Norco Co., Ltd to produce is the low-power-consumption embedded industrial control mainboard of ETR232i.The embedded industrial control mainboard of this model carries 16 signal input ports, 16 signal output ports, 1 RS485 interface that can link to each other with external device, 2 RS232 interfaces, 1 network interface, 1 USB interface, 256 MB of memory can satisfy designing requirement of the present invention fully.
In rear-mounted engine articulated bus steering procedure, back truss promotes the turntable bearing rotation, be fixed on the hydraulic actuating cylinder that the other end is fixed on the crossbeam on the truss of back by an end and provide damping for the running of total system, the control of good steering stability and steering angle is provided for vehicle, play anti-dead function, the normal operation in the assurance vehicle ' process of pushing away of actv..
For the rear-mounted engine articulated bus, its motion belongs to the passive stressed motion that causes, power by vehicle after vehicle body provide, forward and backward truss all links to each other with turntable bearing in the detachable truss structure of the present invention.During the vehicle horizontal motion, realize turning motion, and, provide enough dampings by two hydraulic actuating cylinders according to the turning needs by the turntable bearing of centre.During the vehicle movement in vertical direction, the ball pivot that outside face before dependence is contained on the truss is cast with rubber is connected with crossbeam to be realized, come the pulling force and the pressure of the forward and backward car all directions of vehicle by the rigidity center shaft in the middle of the ball pivot, by realizing the pitching of vehicle vertical direction around the elastic deformation of the axial rubber in ball pivot center and reversing, and play the efficient pressure pooling feature by the elastic deformation of elastomeric material, realize damping effect.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
1, simple in structure, low cost of manufacture.
Because the present invention is the split-type structure, each parts is separate, and interrelated, so, lower to manufacture process requirement, can make each parts respectively, fit together then, manufacture difficulty is low, low cost of manufacture.
2, maintenance is convenient, and expense is low.
Because the present invention be the split-type structure, so, maintain very conveniently, after a certain failsafety, will all not pull down replacing by whole parts, only need the associated components of replacing damage to get final product, all the other intact parts still can keep, and the maintenance expense is low.
3, practicality and comformability are strong.
The present invention can do suitable adjustment according to the particular case of articulated bus vehicle body and the structure on chassis, satisfying the requirement of vehicle unit design, as: comprise adjustment, the hinged length in chassis of variation adjustment, the vehicle body Outside Dimensions of vehicle body curve etc.
4, good operation stability.
Show through complete vehicle test, phenomenons such as whipping, sideslip do not appear in the vehicle that chassis of the present invention articulated system is installed when speed reaches 80km/h, can spend in the horizontal direction ± 52, make vehicle keep stable in the vertical direction ± 10 degree pivot angle scopes to travel, equalization stable is transmitted in damping, and damping change is rationally smooth and easy.
5, good damping effect.
Because the present invention adopts outside face to be cast with the ball pivot of rubber and hydraulic efficiency pressure system is carried out damping control, so, good damping effect, move shockproof, noiselessness.
6, system strength height, load carrying ability is big.
The truss structure of whole chassis articulated system all adopts the high-strength alloy material to be welded, connect with also adopting welding manner being connected between the vehicle chassis, the intensity height, load-carrying ability is big, peak load can reach 20 tons, is fit to very much the existing overload operation state of domestic public transit vehicle.
One aspect of the present invention has satisfied the demand of China's domestic motor market, make also that on the other hand there has been significant progress in China at the large-sized articulated coach manufacture view, filled up the blank of homemade large-scale rear-mounted engine articulated bus articulated system, be that the strong of all the time being monopolized by foreign technology of market situation reversed, its good effect is conspicuous.
The above only is specific embodiments of the invention and the know-why used, and is any based on the equivalent transformation on the technical solution of the present invention basis, all belongs within the protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach, it is characterized in that: this chassis articulated system comprises splitting type truss structure, hydraulic control system and electric control unit three parts;
Described splitting type truss structure comprises preceding truss, crossbeam, turntable bearing and back truss; Preceding truss is positioned at the rear end in large-sized articulated coach front truck compartment, on the truss, front compartment by preceding truss band and moves before the front compartment of large-sized articulated coach is welded on; The rear end of preceding truss links to each other with crossbeam by ball pivot; Crossbeam is by being bolted to the outer ring of turntable bearing; The front end in rear spar chord position car compartment behind large-sized articulated coach, the trunk of large-sized articulated coach are welded on the truss of back, trunk by back truss band and move; The front end of back truss is by being bolted to the inner ring of turntable bearing;
Described hydraulic control system comprises hydraulic control body, left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder and petrol storage tank;
Hydraulic control body is installed in the front end of back truss in the truss structure, and concentric with the turntable bearing in the truss structure, rotates synchronously with turntable bearing; One end of described left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder all is fixed on the rear end of back truss, and the other end all is fixed on the crossbeam in the truss structure by bearing pin; Petrol storage tank is fixed on the truss of back;
Link to each other by hydraulic oil pipe between hydraulic control body, left and right hydraulic actuating cylinder and the petrol storage tank; And pass through the hydraulic oil pipe cross connection between the left and right hydraulic cylinder piston front and rear cylinder;
Described electric control unit comprises microprocessor, angular transducer and level sensor; Angular transducer is installed on the hydraulic control body, and the articulated bus angle of turn is monitored in real time; Level sensor is installed in the hydraulic efficiency pressure system petrol storage tank; The signal input part of microprocessor links to each other with level sensor with car speed sensor, brake switch, ignition lock, reversing master cock, the angular transducer of articulated bus respectively; Its signal output part links to each other the conducting of control electromagnetic valve, flow regulating valve and shutoff through the electromagnetic valve on photoelectric isolating circuit and the hydraulic control body, the control end of flow regulating valve.
2. chassis according to claim 1 articulated system is characterized in that: preceding truss in the described splitting type truss structure and back truss are realized hinged by described turntable bearing and the described crossbeam that is fixed on the turntable bearing.
3. chassis according to claim 2 articulated system is characterized in that: the rear end of truss and arranged on left and right sides arm respectively is provided with a ball pivot mounting hole before described;
Described ball pivot is the rigidity center shaft that an outside face has been cast with the rubber of cushioning effect, respectively have a hole that is used to wear bolt at the two ends of center shaft, the two ends of ball pivot press-fit in the ball pivot mounting hole that is fixed on described preceding truss rear end with back-up ring, trip ring;
Ball pivot before being fixed in the ball pivot mounting hole of truss rear end is by being bolted on the described crossbeam.
4. chassis according to claim 3 articulated system is characterized in that: described crossbeam is welded by platform installation beams, four fixation steel plates and attaching parts;
Four fixation steel plates are divided into left and right two groups, and every group of two fixation steel plates are placed up and down, by several round steel weld togethers, become as a whole between last fixation steel plate and the following fixation steel plate;
Between two groups of fixation steel plates, be welded with the described attaching parts of interconnect function;
Be drilled with the hole that several are used for hold-down bolt on every group of fixation steel plate respectively, these holes are on the same circumference, are used for that described crossbeam is fixed on bolt on the turntable bearing outer ring and pass this hole and be fixed on the turntable bearing outer ring;
End at every group of fixation steel plate has a groove that is used for fixing described ball pivot; The other end at every group of fixation steel plate has a hydraulic actuating cylinder mounting hole that is used to install described hydraulic actuating cylinder;
Described platform installation beams is fixed on the upper surface of two groups of fixation steel plates, is provided with a plurality of articulated bus middle part flat-bed bolts hole that are used for fixing on platform installation beams, and the inboard steel plate reinforcement of using in hole is to guarantee bolt screw thread intensity.
5. chassis according to claim 4 articulated system is characterized in that: be drilled with the hole of 6 hold-down bolts respectively on two groups of fixation steel plates that constitute crossbeam, be drilled with 12 holes on two groups of fixation steel plates altogether, 12 holes are on the same circumference;
Being used for that described crossbeam is fixed on 12 bolts on the turntable bearing outer ring passes 12 above-mentioned holes respectively and is fixed on the turntable bearing outer ring.
6. chassis according to claim 5 articulated system is characterized in that: described turntable bearing is combined by outer bearing watt, neck bearing watt and several steel balls;
Inside and outside bearing liner is combined and is formed a cavity, and the full floor file of described steel ball is placed in this cavity;
On the outer bearing of described turntable bearing watt, be provided with the hole that several are used to install and fix the bolt of described crossbeam, on the neck bearing of turntable bearing watt, also be provided with the hole that several are used to install and fix the bolt of described back truss;
On the neck bearing of turntable bearing watt, also be provided with the oiling interface;
Between inside and outside bearing liner, be provided with the oil proof rubber seal ring.
7. chassis according to claim 6 articulated system, it is characterized in that: on the outer bearing of described turntable bearing watt, be provided with 12 holes that are used to install and fix the bolt of described crossbeam, on the neck bearing of turntable bearing watt, be provided with 14 holes that are used to install and fix the bolt of described back truss.
8. chassis according to claim 6 articulated system is characterized in that: be provided with several at the front end of described back truss and be used to install the hole that the back truss is fixed on the bolt on the turntable bearing neck bearing watt, these holes are on the same circumference.
9. according to the described chassis of one of claim 1-8 articulated system, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic control body by body, upper pendulum bar, mandrel, two check valves, two unidirectional by pass valves and, an electromagnetic valve and a flow regulating valve constitute;
On body, have the interface that links to each other with controlled left hydraulic cylinder, with controlled right hydraulic actuating cylinder interface that links to each other and the interface that links to each other with petrol storage tank; Described two check valves, two unidirectional by pass valves and, an electromagnetic valve and a flow regulating valve be installed on the body;
Mandrel is installed in the body; One end of upper pendulum bar is fixed on the top of mandrel, and the other end is fixed on the crossbeam in the articulated system truss structure of chassis; Mandrel, upper pendulum bar rotate along with the variation of the forward and backward car angle of large-sized articulated coach;
Have several oil grooves in described body He on the mandrel, these oil grooves are divided into two groups, and every group of oil groove links to each other with controlled described left hydraulic cylinder, right hydraulic actuating cylinder through described check valve, electromagnetic valve, unidirectional by pass valve respectively.
10. chassis according to claim 9 articulated system is characterized in that: have two groups of oil grooves on described mandrel, these two groups of oil grooves communicate with controlled left hydraulic cylinder and right hydraulic actuating cylinder respectively; Every group of oil groove comprises two oil grooves at least, and one is oil feed groove, and one goes out oil groove for fan-shaped, and these two oil grooves communicate with each other;
In a side of described fan-shaped oil groove, body, have some oil grooves, a spraying nipple is installed in every oil groove, every oil groove that spraying nipple is installed crosses and forms a total oil groove, and this total oil groove communicates with controlled left hydraulic cylinder or right hydraulic actuating cylinder through described check valve, electromagnetic valve, unidirectional by pass valve again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101211353A CN101376403B (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101211353A CN101376403B (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101376403A CN101376403A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
| CN101376403B true CN101376403B (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101211353A Withdrawn - After Issue CN101376403B (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2007-08-30 | Chassis articulated system of large-sized articulated coach |
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011143917A1 (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | Hao Yun | Chassis articulated system for articulated vehicle |
| WO2011150653A1 (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-12-08 | Hao Yun | Chassis articulated system for large articulated vehicle |
| CN102161348B (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2012-10-03 | 伊卡路斯(苏州)车辆系统有限公司 | Steering angle sensing device in chassis articulated system of articulator |
| CN101934819B (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-06-20 | 江苏大学 | Bus chassis articulated system for urban bus rapid transit system and working method thereof |
| CN102180073A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2011-09-14 | 伊卡路斯(苏州)车辆系统有限公司 | Chassis articulated system of articulated vehicle |
| CN102161301B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-04-03 | 伊卡路斯(苏州)车辆系统有限公司 | Articulated system of articulated vehicle chassis |
| CN102409659A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-04-11 | 上海三一科技有限公司 | X-type cross-damping oil line hydraulic system and dynamic compactor comprising same |
| CN103640628B (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏大学 | For half active articulated system and control method of fast public traffic system passenger vehicle |
| CN103625229A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-12 | 伊卡路斯(苏州)车辆系统有限公司 | Passenger car articulated system with pinion and rack mechanism under double-cylinder proportional damping control |
| CN104859443A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-08-26 | 康昌文 | Material transport cart |
| CN109515556A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 江苏速升自动化装备股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle with car body in taking turns |
| CN113638923B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-10-31 | 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 | Vehicle end corner hydraulic device and control method thereof |
| CN114354217A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 伊卡路斯(苏州)车辆系统有限公司 | Hinged disk comprehensive test board and test method |
| CN115056815B (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-03-12 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Train end hinging mechanism of rubber-tyred train |
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| CN101376403A (en) | 2009-03-04 |
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Effective date of registration: 20160226 Address after: 215211, No. 666, Fen Yue Road, Fen Lake Economic Development Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Wujiang Patentee after: Jointech (Suzhou) Vehicle System Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214414, 180 Old Tin Road, Gushan Town, Gushan Town, Jiangsu, Jiangyin Patentee before: WUXI HUACHUANG YIKALUSI VEHICLE Co.,Ltd. |
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