CN101369884A - Industrial wireless communication method of self-adapting signal channel jumping based on time slot - Google Patents
Industrial wireless communication method of self-adapting signal channel jumping based on time slot Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a communication method based on a self-adapting channel jump in the time slot belonging to the industrial wireless communication technique field. Aiming at the prior art can not realize self-adapting channel jump in a distributed time slot, the communication method of the invention realizes self-adaptively switching from a disturbed first choice channel to a backup channel, a sender adopts a CCA mechanism to monitor a communication channel. If the first choice channel is subjected to interference, the data will not sent out, after the stated CCA time of the self time slot, the data transmission is automatically switched to the backup channel. A receiver does not receive the data from the sender after a receiving stand-by period and jumps to the backup channel from the first choice channel in the self time slot to wait for receiving data. At the same time the time synchronization is conducted at the first choice channel or the backup channel according to whether to conduct the self-adapting channel jump. The communication method of the invention can fully improve the channel utilization rate and success rate; improve the reliability and real-time of the data communication; reduce data retransmission and network extra load and satisfy the demands of the industrial wireless communication field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the wireless network communication technique field, relate to the communication means in a kind of industry wireless network, especially a kind of industrial wireless communication method based on the time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping, this method is particularly useful for industry wireless network.
Background technology
At present, industrial wireless communication is called as the revolutionary technology of industrial control field, it is another hot spot technology of industrial control field after fieldbus, being the most potential technology that reduces the automation cost, improves the automated system range of application, also is the industrial automation instrument new growth points coming years.The wireless industrial system (as wireless HART and ISA100.11a) that causes extensive concern in the world all adopts TDMA and FDMA technology usually, if promptly two radio nodes will carry out data communication, system can distribute a communication link (Link) for these two nodes, each communication link all comprises communication channel (Channel) and time slot (Slot), communicating pair is finished communication by given channel in the slot time of regulation, be hop channel technology between time slot, and do not consider time slot introskip Channel Technology.Global system for mobile communications (GSM), Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD), bluetooth wireless communication systems such as (Bluetooth) have all used frequency hopping to improve the stability and the reliability of communication widely, yet frequency hopping (hop channel) between the time slot that is based on TDMA that these systems mainly realize does not relate to self adaptation hop channel technology substantially.
Communication mechanism in the existing time slot: transmit leg and recipient can adjust on the given communication channel in the time slot starting point, transmit leg passed through the CCA supervisory channel before sending data, if channel busy, might be that channel is disturbed or taken by other nodes so, therefore will certainly lead to conflict if still send data this time, the transmit leg time subsequently that can abandon this communication time slot generally.Reciever accepts not receive in the stand-by period information that transmit leg sends at one, and it also will abandon the time subsequently of this communication time slot so.Communicating pair does not complete successfully communication in this communication time slot, can only wait until that the next time slot that distributes retransmits again, can cause like this that anti-interference is strong, reliability is not high, the communication channel utilance is not high, shortcomings such as transmission delay.
Summary of the invention
Above-mentioned defective at prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the industrial wireless communication method of the time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping of a kind of high reliability, real-time, and this method has characteristics such as self adaptation, high reliability, real-time, efficient height.This method adopts time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping technology can further improve the reliability of radio communication for the very high application of some composite requests (as the industrial monitoring field), guarantees real time of data transmission and certainty.In addition, at this wireless industrial time slot communication means, the present invention has proposed a kind of method for synchronizing time and algorithm based on the recipient accordingly, advantages such as this method has efficiently, the time is simple, system resources consumption is little, reduction power consumption.
For each communication link in the wireless network, system distributes to two (or more) communication channels for it, one is first-selected channel, another one is an alternate channel, carry out time synchronized at first-selected channel or alternate channel, consult CCA length detection time and the stand-by period length that receives data in the time slot before time slot communication begins.When given communication time slot begins, transmit leg and recipient select first-selected channel to communicate, if this communication channel is received interference, whether transmit leg is idle by CCA mechanism supervisory channel earlier before sending data so, if channel busy then think communication channel to be interfered and do not send data produces and carries out the order of channel switching controls when the CCA monitoring time is overtime as judgment condition; The recipient monitors this channel always, if also do not receive data from transmit leg in the reception stand-by period of regulation, overtimely assert that as judgment condition this channel is interfered and produces and carry out the order of channel switching controls voluntarily when receiving the stand-by period.Through consulting after established data receives stand-by period length, transmit leg and recipient coincidentally jump to alternate channel separately, experience a channel switching cycle after, begin new round communication process.Transmit leg preferably carries out channel monitoring once more on alternate channel, just do not use alternate channel to communicate if channel is interfered.If also being interfered, this channel can only abandon current communication time slot.All these processes all can be finished in distributed time slot, and do not need additionally to take other time slot again.The control command that channel switches is produced voluntarily and is carried out by communicating pair, rather than gives the opposing party by side's transmitting control commands, thereby realizes the independent self adaptation hop channel of both sides.
This method is also supported to distribute a plurality of alternate channel modes to communication link, and is unavailable if preceding two channels are all disturbed, and can continue to jump to subsequent channel to communicate, with the reliability and the success rate of further raising communication.All these processes are all finished in distributed time slot, and do not need other time slot outside the occupying volume again.If certain alternate channel is selected, this alternate channel just becomes first-selected channel in so afterwards this link, like this can more flexible, dynamic Adaptive Anti-jamming, also can further improve efficient, reliability and real-time.
Therefore, this method can be resisted problems such as network communication channel interference automatically by the mode of self adaptation hop channel, has following main aspect advantage: 1, flexibility, dynamic self-adapting; 2, can fully improve communication channel utilance and success rate; 3, improve reliability of data communication and real-time; 4, reduce data re-transmission at this moment, reduced the network extra load;
In addition, existing industry wireless network system is in order to improve the utilance of channel, and communication time slot length just satisfies once complete communication usually, and will realize the method for patent of the present invention, must set aside some time for communication for the second time at short notice.In existing slot length, can save time by following two kinds of main method: (1) reduces time error as far as possible; (2) shorten wait and accept data time.And these two kinds of measures all need based on a kind of accurately, method for synchronizing time efficiently, for this reason, the present invention proposes method for synchronizing time based on the recipient at the communication of time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping.In this method, transmit leg is not wirelessly sent to the other side after not needing to remember timestamp again when sending, and reduces power consumption thereby can reduce volume of transmitted data like this.
Weak point of the present invention is to be each link assignment alternate channel, can reduce the capacity and the bandwidth of whole network system like this, is high reliability and the real-time that exchanges link communication with the sacrifice network capacity in a sense.This is less for network capacity, and more demanding Radio Network Systems of reliability, real-time and certainty (as the wireless industrial monitor network), the wireless communications method particularly suitable of this time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping provided by the invention, satisfied some key technologies in the industrial wireless communication, will play strong impetus the performance raising and the practical application of industry wireless network.In addition, the method for synchronizing time based on the recipient of time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping that the present invention proposes provides strong technical support for realization of the present invention, and part has solved the key issue that this time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping communication means faces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the wireless industrial time slot traffic model schematic diagram of time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping
Fig. 2: transmit leg process chart
Fig. 3: recipient's process chart
Embodiment
The industrial wireless communication system distributes to two (or more) communication channels for each communication link, the first-selected channel of conduct, and another one consults both sides' reception stand-by period length simultaneously as alternate channel in a communication time slot.As shown in Figure 1, when given communication time slot begins, transmit leg and recipient select first-selected channel to communicate, if this communication channel is interfered, whether transmit leg is idle by CCA mechanism supervisory channel earlier before sending data so, if channel busy then think communication channel to be interfered and do not send data that overtime when the CCA monitoring time, the transmit leg self adaptation produces and also carries out the order of channel switching controls; The recipient monitors this channel always, if also do not receive data in the reception stand-by period of in time slot, stipulating from transmit leg, then Tong Xin recipient assert that this channel is interfered and produces and carry out the order of channel switching controls immediately, to communicate by letter and switch to space signal from first-selected channel, transmit leg and recipient coincidentally jump to alternate channel separately, after experiencing a channel switching cycle, beginning new round communication process.Transmit leg will carry out channel monitoring once more on alternate channel, just do not send data by alternate channel immediately if alternate channel is interfered, and finish communication; If also being interfered, this channel can only abandon the communication of current time slot.It is to finish in a time slot that distributes that above-mentioned Channel Detection and channel switch, and does not need additionally to take other time slot again.The control command that channel switches is produced voluntarily and is carried out by communicating pair, rather than gives the opposing party by side's transmitting control commands, thereby realizes the independent self adaptation hop channel of both sides.
For making technical scheme of the present invention and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
IEEE 802.15.4 standard is the PHY/MAC standard of a low-power consumption, low rate.The IEEE802.15.4 physical layer provides removing channel estimating (CCA, Clear ChannelAssessment) function.In IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer standard agreement, defined following three kinds of patterns and removed channel estimating: CCA pattern 1: exceeded the energy of threshold values, when CCA detects a threshold values energy that exceeds energy measuring, provide a busy information.CCA pattern 2: carrier wave is judged, when CCA detects the expansion modulation signal with IEEE 802.15.4 standard feature, is provided a busy information.CCA mode 3: have the carrier wave that exceeds the threshold values energy and judge,, provide a busy information when CCA detects one when having IEEE 802.15.4 standard feature and exceeding the expansion modulation signal of threshold values energy.Therefore whether the CCA mechanism of IEEE802.15.4 can be used for carrying out Channel Detection between the data and being interfered with acknowledgement channel sending.This embodiment is an example to work in CCA pattern 1.
IEEE 802.15.4 standard code at 2.4GHz 16 channels of numbering from 11 to 26 are arranged.The communicating pair that meets IEEE 802.15.4 standard can be chosen certain channel and carry out data communication from these 16 channels.This embodiment is that example is carried out following detailed description with the wireless device that meets IEEE 802.15.4 standard that works in the 2.4GHz frequency range:
Existing industry wireless network system is in order to improve the utilance of channel, and communication time slot length just satisfies once complete communication usually, and will realize method of the present invention, must set aside some time for communication for the second time at short notice.In existing slot length, can save time by following two kinds of main method: (1) reduces time error; (2) shorten wait and receive data time.And these two kinds of measures all need based on a kind of accurately, method for synchronizing time efficiently, for this reason, the present invention proposes method for synchronizing time based on the recipient at the communication of time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping.In this method, transmit leg is not wirelessly sent to the other side after not needing to remember timestamp again when sending, and reduces power consumption thereby can reduce volume of transmitted data like this.According to slot length structure T
Slot, first bit arrives recipient's time T
ArrivalAnd transmission side-play amount T
TxOffset1, T
TxOffset2, algoritic module calls the time started that formula one is determined next time slot, to realize the synchronous of time.
As shown in Figure 1, if the transmit leg of communication is the clock source in the time slot, then for the Frame of each arrival, the recipient writes down the time (T that first bit arrives
Arrival) and extrapolate the time started (T of next time slot (Next Slot) according to formula one
Nextslot), thereby realize the time synchronized that time slot is communicated by letter.Because the slot length structure (T of industry wireless network strictness
Slot), the recipient can begin to confirm the initial of next time slot according to following formula according to Frame time of advent, wherein can be provided with and send side-play amount T
TxOffset1Be 1 and send side-play amount T
TxOffset2 is fixed values such as 2.If the self adaptation hop channel does not take place in the time slot communicating pair, value T in the formula one then
TxOffset1If the channel switching has taken place, value T in the formula one then
TxOffset2Time synchronized does not occur over just the normal data communication process of node, can be in the new node adition process yet.The present invention follows communication time slot model as shown in Figure 1.Under channel was interfered situation, transmit leg was carried out following function sub-slots: CCA error, CCA monitoring, free time, channel switch, CCA monitors, send data, wait, reception ACK.The recipient finishes corresponding function in following function sub-slots: wait for receiving data, channel switching, wait reception data, read data, data processing and verification, transmission ACK.Wait in the time slot that receiving data time determines that by sending data length the time error time must remain within the scope of regulation.
The present invention can be based on multiple different physics frequency range and standard, and this embodiment is that example describes with 2.4GHz frequency range in the standard IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer, but is not limited to this.
Before communication, two communication channels (if channel 13# as first-selected channel, channel 20# is as alternate channel) have been distributed for this communication time slot.Whether transmit leg and recipient detected first-selected channel 13# by CCA earlier at CCA monitoring time slot transmit leg and are interfered, if CCA (T detection time that is stipulating before data communication
SCCA) in to detect this channel be busy signal always, then transmit leg thinks that channel is interfered.Hypothesis channel 13# has been subjected to interference in this embodiment, therefore transmit leg does not send data, and carry out channel automatically and switch, switch to channel 20#, and then carry out CCA and detect, detect channel 20# and whether can communicate by letter, also can be with promptly being transformed into transmit status from the CCA detected state as this channel, be ready for sending data, communicating pair is just at the enterprising row data communication of this alternate channel 20# subsequently.
The recipient does not receive the data that transmit leg sends in predetermined data receives the stand-by period, assert that then channel 13# may be interfered and unavailable yet, and the recipient switches to channel alternate channel 20# continuation wait automatically and accepts data.The recipient is after normally receiving data on the alternate channel, and reading of data is also handled and verification, sends ACK to transmit leg after finishing.Above-mentioned all processes are all finished in distributed time slot, and do not need additionally to take other time slot again.The control command that channel switches judged according to channel status voluntarily by communicating pair, and produces at the appointed time and carry out, rather than gives the opposing party by side's transmitting control commands, thereby realizes the autonomous self adaptation hop channel of both sides truly.
This communicating pair communication time slot afterwards, communication can be switched and get back to first-selected channel, utilize first-selected channel to communicate, continue the preferential first-selected channel 13# of use, receive that interference jumps to channel 20# with regard to self adaptation and carry out data communication if detect this channel according to the method described above.Another method is: this communicating pair communication time slot afterwards, and will be no longer preferentially use channel 13#, but preferentially use channel 20#, promptly channel 20# has become first-selected channel and channel 13# becomes alternate channel.
The transmit leg process chart as shown in Figure 2.When time slot communication began, whether transmit leg is at first carried out CCA detection channel idle, if channel idle, transmit leg switches to transmit status and is ready for sending data; If channel busy then shows to have other interference signals on this channel, transmit leg produces and carries out the order of channel switching controls voluntarily so, switches to continue to carry out CCA behind the new channel whether detect channel idle.If channel is still not idle, then abandons communication and enter resting state to save power consumption; If channel this moment is idle, then switch to transmit status and be ready for sending data, data send that the back dormancy is waited for a period of time so that the other side's deal with data, the last transmit leg confirmation of receipt frame of waking up.
Recipient's process chart as shown in Figure 3.When time slot communication began, the recipient at first intercepted channel inquiry and whether receives data, if having then continue to receive data until finishing, carried out data processing and verification then, and sent acknowledgement frame to transmit leg; If do not receive data, then continue to intercept channel, in the given reception stand-by period, still do not receive data and think that then this channel is interfered, produce and carry out the order of channel switching controls voluntarily, switch to new channel and continue to begin to intercept channel, and perform the preparation that receives data, wait in the reception data time at second, if the data of receiving are so just carried out data processing and verification, and return acknowledgement frame and give transmit leg; If still do not receive data, then abandon communication and enter resting state and finish until time slot.
Above-described specific embodiment; purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the above only is specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; all within method of the present invention and principle, any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. industrial wireless communication method based on the time slot self-adapting signal channel jumping, for each communication link distributes first-selected channel and alternate channel, it is characterized in that, carry out time synchronized at first-selected channel or alternate channel, before beginning, time slot communication consults CCA length detection time and the stand-by period length that receives data in the time slot, transmit leg adopts CCA mechanism monitoring communication channel, if being interfered, first-selected channel cause in the CCA of this time slot monitoring time this channel always for busy, automatically switch to alternate channel and send data, the recipient does not receive the data of transmit leg after the stand-by period of regulation, jump to alternate channel from first-selected channel automatically in this time slot and wait for the reception data.
2. industrial wireless communication method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described time synchronized of carrying out specifically comprises, according to slot length structure T
Slot, first bit arrives recipient's time T
ArrivalAnd transmission side-play amount T
TxOffset1, T
TxOffset2, algoritic module calls the time started that formula one is determined next time slot,
3. industrial wireless communication method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, finish hop channel communication time slot subsequently, preferentially using the successful alternate channel of communication last time as current first-selected channel, communicating pair can be realized adaptive selective channel according to environmental change in the same time slot.
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| US12/554,064 US8228859B2 (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2009-09-04 | Method for industrial wireless communication based on self-adaptive channel hopping within the timeslot |
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Also Published As
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|---|---|
| CN101369884B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| US8228859B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
| US20100061362A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
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