CN101362066B - Preparation method of liposome embedded quantum dots silicon dioxide microspheres and products thereof - Google Patents
Preparation method of liposome embedded quantum dots silicon dioxide microspheres and products thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing silicon-dioxide microspheres with liposome embedded with quantum dots. The method includes the following steps: lipid material is dissolved in an organic solvent for being prepared to be a lipid film by rotary evaporation; the lipid film is added with a water solvent of the quantum dots for being prepared to be the liposome taking lipid as the film and the quantum dots as the core and with a grain size less than or equal to 10 Mum by a thin film dispersing method; the lipsome is added with tetraethyl orthosilicate to form silicon dioxide on the surface of the lipsome so as to obtain the silicon-dioxide microsphere with the liposome embedded with the quantum dots. The method has the advantages that: the silicon-dioxide microsphere with the liposome embedded with the quantum dots can decrease the toxicity of the quantum dots, increase the light signal intensity of every luminous point, and obtain microspheres with large quantity and different fuorescence spectra characteristics so as to play a part in biological high-flux detection. The quantum-dot microsphere of micron size is applicable to the cure of tumour artery embolism; and the quantum-dot silicon-dioxide microspheres with different grain sizes evenly arranging from nanometer to micron can be obtained by the method.
Description
Invention field
Preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots of the present invention and products thereof, relate to the silica micron ball of a large amount of quantum dots of a kind of embedding and the preparation method of nanosphere, in particular with liposome embedded quantum dots nano particle or while embedded quantum dots and medicine, and then the silica micron ball and the nanosphere that obtain at surface of liposome formation silica, this micron ball and nanosphere can be used for biological fluorescence labeling, or arterial embolism and imaging, belong to material and biomedical sector.
Background technology
Quantum dot is the semiconductor nano crystallite, yardstick mainly is distributed in 1～10nm, owing to have the fluorescence more superior than conventional organic fluorescent dye, more stable as fluorescence, quantum yield height (being that fluorescence is very bright), can be simultaneously luminous when the quantum dot of different fluorescence colors is shone by the exciting light of same wavelength, or the like, quantum dot is widely used in biomedical research, especially detect research for the interaction high fluxs of investigating between the biomolecule such as (as chip hybridizations), have very good application prospect.Quantum dot can be used for the fluorescence imaging in the animal body equally, is targeted to the tumour in the mouse body and can makes the tumor locus emitting fluorescence as the quantum dot that connects antibody or polypeptide; Quantum dot can be used for the imaging and the location of the axillary gland of mouse or pig, or the like.
Yet, contain heavy metal in the composition of quantum dot, particularly to contain Cd quantum dot toxicity bigger for CdSe, CdTe and CdSe/ZnS, CdTe/CdSe, CdTe/CdS etc., because heavy metal Cd is only second to the mercury Hg of severe toxicity to the toxicity of animal, is strong carcinogenic substance.In recent years, there is dispute in researchers for its toxicity always in research quanta point biological medical application, we can say, the fluorescent tracer technique of quantum dot are used for clinical, have got long long way to go in fact.
Be to reduce the toxicity of quantum dot, except researching and developing novel hypotoxicity quantum dot, it is an emphasis of research at present that quantum dot is carried out finishing, particularly coats nontoxic on the quantum dot surface or phosphatide that toxicity is low, macromolecule, silica etc.Wherein, coated silica is to reduce the effective ways that quantum dot discharges the toxic heavy metal ion.The method that coats mainly contains: at aqueous phase directly at quantum dot surface synthetic silica; Synthetic silica nanosphere in the quantum dot micro emulsion.These methods, the quantum dot that silica coated is one or several or tens, all fewer, though in micro emulsion, can obtain coating the sub-micron of a greater number quantum dot and the silicon dioxide microsphere of micro-meter scale by adjusting silicon dioxde reaction precursor concentration and reaction speed, but the microballoon granularity that obtains is difficult to control, and it is very inhomogeneous to distribute.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the defective that silicon dioxide microsphere in the present method once can only a small amount of quantum dot of embedding, provide a kind of can a large amount of quantum dots of embedding and the size distribution preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots relatively uniformly.
It is a kind of at the prepared product of above-mentioned preparation method that another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of being taked: a kind of preparation method of silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots comprises the steps:
Steps A, matrix material is dissolved in the organic solvent, as chloroform, also can other good solvents, rotary evaporation is made lipid membrane;
Add quantum dot (alkalescence) aqueous solution in step B, the lipid membrane, making with the lipid by film dispersion method is film, and quantum dot is not more than the liposome of 10 μ m for the granularity of nuclear;
Add ethyl orthosilicate in step C, the liposome, form the layer of silicon dioxide film at surface of liposome, make the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots by teos hydrolysis.
Further, the granularity of liposome is not more than 8 μ m;
Further, the granularity of liposome is a micron order, generally at 1～5 μ m.
Quantum dot silicon dioxide microsphere provided by the invention not only can reduce quantum dot toxicity, can also improve the light signal strength of each luminous point, just can improve the sensitivity of detection signal.When the quantum dot of different fluorescence colors is embedded in the microballoon, in detecting, biological high flux can play a role owing to can obtain the microballoon of large numbers of different fluorescence spectral characteristics.In addition, the quantum dot microsphere of micro-meter scale can also be used for tumour (particularly liver cancer) arterial embolism, when in the microballoon during embedding chemotherapeutics, such microballoon may have a lot of functions, comprises that the fluorescence imaging behind arterial embolism, the embolism detects and the sustained-release chemotherapy medicine.
And quantum dot silicon dioxide microsphere of the present invention has also overcome the uneven defective of silicon dioxide microsphere size distribution from the sub-micron to the micro-meter scale that obtains by the adjustment reaction condition at present in micro emulsion.
Further embedding medicinal in silicon dioxide microsphere, this medicine can be fat-soluble or water-soluble.
On the basis of such scheme, a kind of preparation method who comprises the silicon dioxide microsphere of fat-soluble medicine is provided, in steps A, described matrix material mixes with fat-soluble medicine earlier, and rotary evaporation is made the fat-soluble medicine lipid membrane.Further, in the fat-soluble medicine lipid membrane, add the quantum dot aqueous solution, make liposoluble medicinal liposome, add ethyl orthosilicate again, make the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposoluble medicinal liposome embedded quantum dots.
On the basis of such scheme, described fat-soluble medicine is a taxol, vincristine, camptothecine, harringtonine, CCNU, busulfan, dactinomycin D, indigo red, imuran, a kind of in the cis-platinum.
On the basis of such scheme, a kind of preparation method who comprises the silicon dioxide microsphere of water soluble drug is provided, prepare lipid membrane earlier, in step B, the described quantum dot aqueous solution mixes with water soluble drug earlier, and mixed liquor adds in the lipid membrane again, makes the water-soluble pesticide composite lipidosome, add ethyl orthosilicate again, make the silicon dioxide microsphere of water soluble drug liposome embedded quantum dots.
On the basis of such scheme, described water soluble drug is an adriamycin, and colchicin, endoxan, nitrogen mustards, thiophene be for group, Dacarbazine, and procarbazine, bleomycin, silk splits rhzomorph C, fluorouracil, a kind of in the cytarabine.
On the basis of such scheme, described film dispersion method be with lipid membrane in the quantum dot aqueous solution, nitrogen protection was soaked 0.5～25 hour down, vibrated 0.5～2 hour again, made liposome, also can carry out under other inert gas shieldings.
Concrete, soak time can be 0.5,1,2,3,5,8,10,12,15,18,20,22 or 25 hours;
Duration of oscillation is specifically as follows 0.5,1,1.5 or 2 hours.
Further, in order to obtain all uniform quantum dot silicon dioxide microsphere of a kind of different scale section size distribution from the nanometer to the micron, the present invention is after step B makes liposome, comprise also liposome carried out the nanometer step that described nanometer step is passed through the filter membrane extruding of micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m for the liposome that granularity is not more than 10 μ m;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m and 0.65 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m and 0.45 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m and 0.4 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m and 0.22 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m, 0.22 μ m and 0.2 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m, 0.22 μ m, 0.2 μ m and 0.15 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m, 0.22 μ m, 0.2 μ m, 0.15 μ m and 0.1 μ m successively pushes, make nanometer grade liposome, carry out step C again, form the layer of silicon dioxide film by teos hydrolysis at surface of liposome, make the silica nanosphere of liposome embedded quantum dots.
The nanosphere that can also prepare the occluded water soluble drug by above-mentioned nanometer step, be specially: matrix material is dissolved in the organic solvent, rotary evaporation is made lipid membrane, the quantum dot aqueous solution is mixed with water soluble drug, mixed liquor joins in the lipid membrane, making with the lipid is film, and quantum dot is the water-soluble pesticide composite lipidosome of nuclear; Again liposome is carried out the micropore extruding to obtain the nanometer grade liposome that different grain size distributes; Form the layer of silicon dioxide film on the nanometer grade liposome surface by teos hydrolysis then, make the silica nanosphere of water soluble drug liposome embedded quantum dots.
The nanosphere that can also prepare the embedding fat-soluble medicine by above-mentioned nanometer step, be specially: matrix material and fat-soluble medicine are dissolved in the organic solvent, rotary evaporation is made the fat-soluble medicine lipid membrane, in the fat-soluble medicine film, add the quantum dot aqueous solution, making with the lipid is film, and quantum dot is the liposoluble medicinal liposome of nuclear; Again liposome is carried out the micropore extruding to obtain the nanometer grade liposome that different grain size distributes; Form the layer of silicon dioxide film on the nanometer grade liposome surface by teos hydrolysis then, make the silica nanosphere of liposoluble medicinal liposome embedded quantum dots.
Among the step C, forming the layer of silicon dioxide film by teos hydrolysis at surface of liposome is conventional steps, does not do detailed description at this.
Described matrix material is a phosphatide, or the mixture of phosphatide and cholesterol.
Quantum dot and phosphatide blending constituent not only have electrostatic interaction, also have coordination, so when adding matrix material, experiment is found the equal embedding of most of quantum dot or be adsorbed in the liposome that testing graininess shows almost do not have free quantum dot.
Described quantum dot be the nano particle formed of II subgroup and VI major element or III main group with the nano particle of V major element composition in one or more composition, wherein, multiple nano particle has identical or different fluorescent characteristic respectively.
The quantum dot nano particle comprises:
1, the quantum dot nano particle of single semi-conducting material composition, as CdTe, CdSe, InCaP, InP, InAs, HgS, HgSe, etc.;
2, be nuclear with a kind of semi-conductor nano particles, another kind of inorganic material is the core-shell type quantum dot nano composite particle of shell, as CdSe/ZnS, and CdTe/CdSe, CdTe/CdSe/ZnS, CdTe/CdS, InCaP/ZnS, CdTe/HgTe, CdSe/HgSe, etc.
At the above-mentioned product that the preparation method obtained, be the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots or the silica nanosphere of liposome embedded quantum dots, granularity is not more than 10 μ m.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots of the present invention, not only can reduce quantum dot toxicity, can also improve the light signal strength of each luminous point, improve the sensitivity of detection signal, when the quantum dot of different fluorescence colors is embedded in the microballoon, in detecting, biological high flux can play a role owing to can obtain the microballoon of large numbers of different fluorescence spectral characteristics;
2, the quantum dot microsphere of micro-meter scale can also be used for tumour (particularly liver cancer) arterial embolism, and when in the microballoon during embedding chemotherapeutics, such microballoon may have a lot of functions: the fluorescence imaging behind arterial embolism, the embolism detects and the sustained-release chemotherapy medicine.
3, overcome the uneven defective of silicon dioxide microsphere size distribution from the sub-micron to the micro-meter scale that obtains by the adjustment reaction condition in the micro emulsion, can obtain all uniform quantum dot silicon dioxide microsphere of different scale section size distribution from the nanometer to the micron.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a CdTe/CdS liposome TEM photo.
Fig. 2 is the TEM photo of the microballoon of CdTe/CdS surface of liposome coated silica.
Fig. 3 is the fluorescence photo of the microballoon (right side) of CdTe/CdS quantum dot (left side) and CdTe/CdS surface of liposome coated silica.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation of the silica nanosphere of liposome embedded quantum dots:
The preparation of steps A, lipid membrane:
Accurately take by weighing soybean lecithin and cholesterol (mass ratio is 3:2), with chloroform phosphatide and cholesterol are dissolved in the pyriform flask, rotary evaporation is flung to chloroform and is made phosphatide and cholesterol form lipid membrane on flask walls, and nitrogen dries up film to remove residual chloroform;
The preparation of step B, liposome:
Add the red fluorescence CdTe/CdS quantum dot aqueous solution (alkaline pH=10) in the lipid membrane, soaked overnight under the nitrogen protection is vibrated about 1h again, obtains the liposome turbid liquor of embedding CdTe/CdS.In this suspension,, liposome particles shows muddy because of making outward appearance greatly;
The embedding of step C, silica:
(1) gets the liposome turbid liquor of portion C dTe/CdS, adopt common qualitative filter paper to filter to remove big liposome aggregation, then directly to wherein adding the ethyl orthosilicate that contains 27% ethanol, room temperature is slowly vibrated under the nitrogen protection, behind the reaction 48h, centrifugal, use the deionized water cyclic washing, make the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots;
(2) get the liposome turbid liquor of portion C dTe/CdS; miillpore filter by 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m and 0.22 μ m extruding successively (this moment suspension clear); in liposome turbid liquor, add the ethyl orthosilicate that contains 27% ethanol then; room temperature is slowly vibrated under the nitrogen protection; behind the reaction 48h; centrifugal, use the deionized water cyclic washing, make the silica nanosphere of liposome embedded quantum dots.
See also shown in Fig. 1～3, observe discovery down at transmission electron microscope (TEM), contain a large amount of nano particles in the liposome of CdTe/CdS, almost be full of in the liposome that has by nano particle, and blank liposome finds no nano particle in (promptly not adding quantum dot when the preparation liposome), and as seen these nano particles are the CdTe/CdS quantum dot.Having coated the formed microballoon of silica at the CdTe/CdS surface of liposome is the dense ball of shell, in the ultraviolet case, shine sample with the 365nm exciting light, the result shows, the red fluorescence of microballoon emitting bright, but fluorescence color and CdTe/CdS quantum dot are different.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of the silicon dioxide microsphere of water soluble drug liposome embedded quantum dots:
The preparation of steps A, lipid membrane:
Accurately take by weighing soybean lecithin and cholesterol (mass ratio is 3:2), with chloroform phosphatide and cholesterol are dissolved in the plow-shape flask, rotary evaporation is flung to chloroform and is made phosphatide and cholesterol form lipid membrane on flask walls, and nitrogen dries up film to remove residual chloroform;
The preparation of step B, water-soluble pesticide composite lipidosome:
Add the CdTe/CdS quantum dot aqueous solution and adriamycin (water soluble drug) in the lipid membrane, soaked overnight under the nitrogen protection is vibrated about 1h again, obtains the water soluble drug liposome turbid liquor of embedding CdTe/CdS quantum dot and medicine;
The embedding of step C, silica:
Adopt common qualitative filter paper to filter to remove big liposome aggregation, directly to wherein adding the ethyl orthosilicate that contains 27% ethanol, room temperature is slowly vibrated under the nitrogen protection, and is centrifugal behind the reaction 48h, uses the deionized water cyclic washing then.
The result has obtained the silicon dioxide microsphere that granularity mainly is distributed in 1～5 μ m, in the microballoon not only embedding a large amount of quantum dots, also embedding chemotherapeutics, under fluorescence microscope, promptly can be observed spheric granules, the red fluorescence of the equal emitting bright of each particle, ruddiness may be from quantum dot and the common emitted fluorescence of adriamycin in this.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposoluble medicinal liposome embedded quantum dots:
The preparation of steps A, fat-soluble medicine lipid membrane:
Accurately take by weighing soybean lecithin and cholesterol (mass ratio is 3:2) and taxol (fat-soluble medicine), in the plow-shape flask, phosphatide and cholesterol are dissolved with chloroform, add taxol, rotary evaporation, fling to chloroform and make phosphatide, cholesterol and taxol form the fat-soluble medicine lipid membrane on flask walls, nitrogen dries up film to remove residual chloroform;
The preparation of step B, liposoluble medicinal liposome:
Add the CdTe/CdS quantum dot aqueous solution in the lipid membrane, soaked overnight under the nitrogen protection is vibrated about 1h again, obtains the liposoluble medicinal liposome suspension of embedding CdTe/CdS quantum dot and medicine;
The embedding of step C, silica:
Adopt common qualitative filter paper to filter to remove big liposome aggregation, directly to wherein adding the ethyl orthosilicate that contains 27% ethanol, room temperature is slowly vibrated under the nitrogen protection, and is centrifugal behind the reaction 48h, uses the deionized water cyclic washing then.
The result has obtained the silicon dioxide microsphere similar to embodiment 2.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of a liposome embedded quantum dots is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Steps A, matrix material is dissolved in the organic solvent, rotary evaporation is made lipid membrane;
Add the quantum dot aqueous solution in step B, the lipid membrane, making with the lipid by film dispersion method is film, and quantum dot is not more than the liposome of 10 μ m for the granularity of nuclear;
Add ethyl orthosilicate in step C, the liposome, form silica, make the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots at surface of liposome.
2. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the steps A, described matrix material mixes with fat-soluble medicine earlier, and rotary evaporation is made the fat-soluble medicine lipid membrane.
3. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described fat-soluble medicine is a taxol, vincristine, camptothecine, harringtonine, CCNU, busulfan, dactinomycin D, indigo red, imuran, a kind of in the cis-platinum.
4. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: among the step B, the described quantum dot aqueous solution mixes with water soluble drug earlier, and mixed liquor adds in the lipid membrane again, makes the water-soluble pesticide composite lipidosome.
5. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described water soluble drug is an adriamycin, colchicin, endoxan, nitrogen mustards, thiophene is for group, Dacarbazine, procarbazine, bleomycin, silk splits rhzomorph C, fluorouracil, a kind of in the cytarabine.
6. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: among the step B; described film dispersion method is; add the quantum dot aqueous solution in the lipid membrane; nitrogen protection was soaked 0.5～25 hour down; vibrated again 0.5～2 hour, and made liposome.
7. according to the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of the described liposome embedded quantum dots of one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: after step B makes liposome, comprise also liposome carried out the nanometer step that described nanometer step is passed through the filter membrane extruding of micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m for the liposome that granularity is not more than 10 μ m;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m and 0.65 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m and 0.45 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m and 0.4 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m and 0.22 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m, 0.22 μ m and 0.2 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m, 0.22 μ m, 0.2 μ m and 0.15 μ m successively pushes;
Or the filter membrane that passes through micro-pore diameter 0.8 μ m, 0.65 μ m, 0.45 μ m, 0.4 μ m, 0.22 μ m, 0.2 μ m, 0.15 μ m and 0.1 μ m successively pushes, make nanometer grade liposome, carry out step C again, make the silica nanosphere of liposome embedded quantum dots.
8. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described matrix material is a phosphatide, or the mixture of phosphatide and cholesterol.
9. the preparation method of the silicon dioxide microsphere of liposome embedded quantum dots according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described quantum dot is the nano particle that II subgroup and VI major element are formed, or one or more the composition in the nano particle formed of III main group and V major element, wherein, multiple nano particle has identical or different fluorescent characteristic respectively.
10. the silicon dioxide microsphere product of the liposome embedded quantum dots that is obtained at the described preparation method of one of claim 1～9, it is characterized in that: described silicon dioxide microsphere product granularity is not more than 10 μ m.
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| CN101734616B (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing silicon dioxide hybridized quantum dot by using one-pot method |
| CN101974326B (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-06-19 | 上海大学 | Method for preparing novel fluorescent silica nanospheres |
| GB201202265D0 (en) * | 2012-02-09 | 2012-03-28 | Univ Swansea | Apparatus and method for the encapsulation of materials |
| WO2013192493A1 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-12-27 | Phosphorex, Inc. | Nanoparticles of indirubin, derivatives thereof and methods of making and using same |
| CN103751857A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 同济大学 | Drug-loaded silica embolism microsphere and preparation method thereof |
| CN104146987B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-08-24 | 陕西师范大学 | A kind of preparation method of liposome/silicon dioxide composite Nano microcapsule |
| CN105400510B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-12-07 | 辽宁师范大学 | Autofluorescence silicon dioxide microsphere material and its preparation method and application |
| CN107158473B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-12-27 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Calcium phosphate bone cement embedded with drug-loaded silica plastid and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107219574A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-29 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Quantum-dot structure, guide-lighting solution and preparation method, light guide structure and backlight module |
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