CN101360627A - Residual magnetic devices and methods - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are residual magnetic locks, brakes, rotation inhibitors, clutches, actuators, and latches. The residual magnetic devices can include a core housing and an armature. The residual magnetic devices can include a coil that receives a magnetization current to create an irreversible residual magnetic force between the core housing and the armature.

Description

Residual magnetic devices and method

Related application

[0001] the part continuation application of the U. S. application No.11/280983 that the application is the U. S. application No.11/094787 that submits in 30 days March in 2005 of common pending trial, on November 16th, 11/094800,11/093739,11/094801,11/094818,11/093721,11/093761,11/094843,11/094786,11/094802,11/094804 and 2005 submitted to, the full content of these applications is all incorporated into for your guidance at this.

Background of invention

[0002] remanent magnetism appears in such material, even if they obtain magnetic in being put in magnetic field the time and also keep magnetic from magnetic field when removing.The remanent magnetism magnet normally produces in the magnetic field by steel, iron, nickel, cobalt or other soft-magnetic material be placed on.Magnetic field is normally by allowing electric current pass through to produce near the lead loop that material is placed.The magnetic field that is produced by coil will be arranged in order as the magnetic domain that magnetic makes up in the material of module.In case material magnetization and magnetic field are removed, magnetic domain is still arranged in order, and therefore, material keeps its magnetic.Remain on magnetic in the material after magnetic field is removed and be called the residual magnetism or the remanent magnetism of material, it is decided according to the character of the character that applies magnetic field and the material that is magnetized.It is irreversible or reversible that the remanent magnetism magnet can be considered to, but decide according to the easy degree of material degaussing.The degaussing easily of the remnant field of permanent magnet by applying magnetic field.After being applied to magnetic field on the permanent magnet and removing subsequently, the remnant field of permanent magnet will recover fully.Therefore, permanent magnet is a reversible magnetic body.Irreversible magnet (also claiming remanent magnetism magnet or interim permanent magnet) need be taked the form of closed magnetic circuit (for example ring), so that set and keep residual magnetic field.Residual magnetic field is set by applying magnetic field for irreversible magnet.But, residual magnetic field still remains unchanged after magnetic field is removed.Irreversible remanent magnetism magnet can easily pass through the magnetic field degaussing.After magnetic field being imposed on the remanent magnetism magnet and removing subsequently, remnant field can not recover as permanent magnet.Therefore, the remanent magnetism magnet is irreversible magnet.If open its closed magnetic circuit, irreversible remanent magnetism magnet also can lose its remnant field.Even if closed magnetic circuit once more, the remnant field of irreversible remanent magnetism magnet can not recover yet.The part that a certain size magnetic air gap can be used as the closed magnetic circuit of irreversible remanent magnetism magnet exists, and also can provide the remanent magnetism load of consumption.Magnetic air gap is more little, and remanent magnetism load is the load of approaching more closed magnetic circuit that do not interrupt or complete just.Residual magnetic devices described herein is considered to irreversible remanent magnetism magnet, as what limit above.

Summary of the invention

[0003] some embodiments of the present invention provide a kind of holding armature and shell joint unshakable in one's determination to close and need not the scheme of electric current or power.By using remanent magnetism power, can supply armature and shell unshakable in one's determination are become the power of disengaged position from engagement state, but the state of remanent magnetism power holding armature and shell unshakable in one's determination and need not power.In addition, some embodiments of the present invention can come by providing a manual release mechanism to make armature discharge or break away from from shell unshakable in one's determination.Manual release mechanism can increase the separation distance between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination, and this has just removed the remanent magnetism power that holding armature and shell joint unshakable in one's determination close basically.

[0004] some embodiments of the present invention provide remanent magnetism lock, drg, rotation closing appliance, power-transfer clutch, actuator and lock bolt.Residual magnetic devices can comprise shell unshakable in one's determination and armature.Residual magnetic devices can comprise coil, and it receives magnetization current to produce irreversible remanent magnetism power between shell unshakable in one's determination and armature.

Description of drawings

[0005] Fig. 1 shows residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0006] Fig. 2 shows the shell unshakable in one's determination that is used for residual magnetic devices;

[0007] Fig. 3 schematically shows the controller that is used for Fig. 1 residual magnetic devices;

[0008] Fig. 4 schematically shows the microcontroller of Fig. 3 controller;

[0009] Fig. 5 is the cross sectional drawing of electromagnetic assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0010] Fig. 6 a-6h is the hysteresis graph of various material behaviors;

[0011] Fig. 7 is the degaussing quadrant of Fig. 6 g hysteresis graph;

[0012] Fig. 8 and 9 is the lateral plans that have the rotational latching system of residual magnetic devices according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0013] Figure 10 is the lateral plan that has the rotational latching system of being with the remanent magnetism blocking device that overflows mechanism according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0014] Figure 11 is the transparent view that has the rotational latching system of residual magnetic devices according to a further embodiment of the invention;

[0015] Figure 12 is the exploded drawings of Figure 11 rotational latching system;

[0016] Figure 13 and 14 is the front elevation of the armature of Figure 12 rotational latching system;

[0017] Figure 15 is the cross sectional drawing of Figure 11 rotational latching system under the unlocked state;

[0018] Figure 16 is the cross sectional drawing of Figure 11 rotational latching system under the lock-out state;

[0019] Figure 17 shows the tire brake system that has residual magnetic devices according to one embodiment of the invention;

[0020] Figure 18 shows cylindrical according to an embodiment of the invention residual magnetic devices;

[0021] Figure 19 shows U-shaped residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0022] Figure 20 is the cross sectional drawing in the magnetic field of the cylindrical residual magnetic devices of Figure 18 according to an embodiment of the invention and generation;

[0023] Figure 21 is the cross sectional drawing in the magnetic field of the U-shaped residual magnetic devices of Figure 19 according to an embodiment of the invention and generation;

[0024] Figure 22 shows the axial lock bolt of pivot remanent magnetism under the engagement state according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0025] Figure 23 shows the axial lock bolt of pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 22 under the disengaged position;

[0026] Figure 24 shows the axial lock bolt of pivot remanent magnetism under the engagement state according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0027] Figure 25 shows the axial lock bolt of pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 24 under the engagement state;

[0028] Figure 26 shows the axial lock bolt of pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 24 under the disengaged position;

[0029] Figure 27 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism under the engagement state according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0030] Figure 28 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 27 under the disengaged position;

[0031] Figure 29 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 27 under the engagement state;

[0032] Figure 30 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism under the engagement state according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Figure 31 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 30 under the disengaged position;

[0034] Figure 32 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 30 under the engagement state;

[0035] Figure 33 shows the axial lock bolt of another non-one pivot remanent magnetism under the engagement state according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0036] Figure 34 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 33 under the disengaged position;

[0037] Figure 35 shows the axial lock bolt of non-one pivot remanent magnetism of Figure 33 under the engagement state;

[0038] Figure 36 schematically shows the clutch system that residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention is in disengaged position;

[0039] Figure 37 schematically shows the clutch system of Figure 36 under the engagement state;

[0040] Figure 38 shows the variable reluctance torque actuated device that has the remanent magnetism lock bolt according to an embodiment of the invention;

The torque actuated device of Figure 38 when [0041] Figure 39 shows remanent magnetism lock bolt joint;

[0042] Figure 40 shows the torque actuated device of Figure 38 under the engagement state;

The torque actuated device of Figure 40 when [0043] Figure 41 shows the residual magnetic devices disengaging;

[0044] Figure 42 shows the remanent magnetism lock bolt that influenced by the door knob hand-power and is in variable reluctance torque actuated device under the engagement state;

[0045] Figure 43 shows the torque actuated device that the remanent magnetism lock bolt that influenced by the door knob hand-power is in the Figure 42 under the disengaged position;

[0046] Figure 44 shows the front elevation that residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention is in the gear transmission latch system under the engagement state;

[0047] Figure 45 shows the cross sectional drawing that residual magnetic devices is in the gear transmission latch system of the Figure 44 under the engagement state;

[0048] Figure 46 shows the cross sectional drawing that residual magnetic devices is in the gear transmission latch system of the Figure 44 under the disengaged position;

[0049] Figure 47 shows the front elevation that residual magnetic devices is in the gear transmission latch system of the Figure 44 under the disengaged position;

[0050] Figure 48 shows the front elevation that residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention is in the blocking lock bolt system under the disengaged position;

[0051] Figure 49 shows the blocking lock bolt system that residual magnetic devices is in the Figure 48 under the engagement state;

[0052] Figure 50 shows the front elevation that residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention is in the blocking lock bolt system under the engagement state;

[0053] Figure 51 shows the front elevation that residual magnetic devices is in the blocking lock bolt system of the Figure 50 under the disengaged position;

[0054] Figure 52 shows the front elevation that residual magnetic devices is in the blocking lock bolt system of the Figure 50 under the engagement state that resets;

[0055] Figure 53 shows the cross sectional drawing that residual magnetic devices is in the blocking lock bolt system of the Figure 50 under the engagement state;

[0056] Figure 54 shows the cross sectional drawing that residual magnetic devices is in the blocking lock bolt system of the Figure 50 under the disengaged position;

[0057] Figure 55 shows the front elevation of the integrated lock bolt system with residual magnetic devices;

[0058] Figure 56 shows the cross sectional drawing of Figure 55 latch system;

[0059] Figure 57 shows the wind spring device that has residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0060] Figure 58 shows the front elevation of Figure 57 wind spring device;

[0061] Figure 59 shows the cross sectional drawing of Figure 57 wind spring device;

[0062] Figure 60 shows the cross sectional drawing of the cam clutch/brake gear that has residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0063] Figure 61 is the transparent view of vehicle of embodiment that can comprise the residual magnetic devices of one or more Fig. 1-83;

[0064] Figure 62 is the scheme drawing that comprises the building of the door of one or more embodiment lockings of the residual magnetic devices that utilizes Fig. 1-83 and/or window;

[0065] Figure 63 shows the transparent view of the ball ramp brake system that has residual magnetic devices according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0066] Figure 64 shows the lateral plan of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system that the case of ball ramp brake system has been removed;

[0067] Figure 65 shows the exploded drawings of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system;

[0068] Figure 66 a shows the front elevation of the ramp base plate of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system;

[0069] Figure 66 b shows the transparent view of the ramp base plate of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system;

[0070] Figure 67 a shows the front elevation of the ramp top board of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system;

[0071] Figure 67 b shows the transparent view of the ramp top board of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system;

[0072] Figure 68 shows the cross sectional drawing that residual magnetic devices is in Figure 63 ball ramp brake system under the disengaged position;

[0073] Figure 69 shows the cross sectional drawing that residual magnetic devices is in Figure 63 ball ramp brake system under the engagement state;

[0074] Figure 70 shows the perspective cross-sectional view of Figure 63 ball ramp brake system.

The specific embodiment

[0075] before elaborating any embodiment of the present invention, it being understood that the present invention do not limit to be applied in the following explanation to propose or following accompanying drawing shown in unit architecture and the details of configuration.The present invention can adopt other embodiment, and practice in many ways or enforcement.In addition, it being understood that wording used herein and term only play illustrative purposes, should not be considered to restrictive.Here " comprise ", the use of " comprising " or " having " and modification thereof is to contain project, its equivalent and the etceteras of enumerating later.Term " installation ", " connection " and " connection " are broadly used, and contain direct with indirect installation, be connected and connection.In addition, " connection " is not limited to being connected or connection of physics or machinery with " connection ", and can comprise electrical connection or connection, no matter directly or indirectly.

[0076] in addition, embodiments of the invention comprise hardware and electronic unit or assembly, for purposes of discussion, can illustrate and be described as and seem most of parts and just realize the same with hardware.But, based on this detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that at least one embodiment, the aspect that the present invention is based on electronics can realize by software.Equally, it should be noted that some device and some different structure members based on hardware and software can be used for realizing the present invention.In addition, as described in paragraph subsequently, the concrete physical structure shown in the accompanying drawing is an one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and the physical structure of other replacement also is feasible.

[0077] Fig. 1 shows a kind of application of using the residual technique of residual magnetic devices 10 retaining meanss rotation according to one embodiment of the invention.Residual magnetic devices 10 comprises steering column lock 12, the rotation that it can stop steering handwheel 14 in the vehicle 16 or turn to yoke.In certain embodiments, steering column lock 12 also can be used for stopping the rotation of bicycle or motor bike up knob.Steering column lock 12 comprises armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and controller 24.Armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and coil 22 form an electromagnetic assembly 26.Electromagnetic assembly 26 can be used in other application scenario except that steering column lock 12, as Fig. 8-83 illustrate and as described in.The material of electromagnetic assembly 26 described herein, control and structure also are applicable to the embodiment that Fig. 8-83 illustrates and describes.

[0078] steering column lock 12 also can comprise biased element 27, and its applied load or application force are to separate armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Biased element 27 can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[0079] the closed magnetic circuit structure that is formed by armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 is to be made of such material, and it obtains magnetic in being placed on magnetic field the time and remove the back in magnetic field to keep magnetic.In certain embodiments, armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 are to be made of the SAE52100 alloy steel that hardness is roughly 40Rc, can produce the coercive force H of 20 to 25 oersteds when constructing with closed magnetic circuit (for example ring) and be exposed to the magnetic field of certain level _cWith residual magnetic flux density B up to 13000 Gausses _RArmature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 also can be made by other material, such as various steel alloys, SAE1002 steel, SAE1018 steel, SAE1044 steel, SAE1060 steel, SAE1075 steel, SAE1080, SAE52100 steel, various chromium steel, various tool steel, air hardening (or A2) tool steel.In certain embodiments, armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 can be made of metal powder, such as comprising chromium, molybdenum, nickel, graphite and iron

Powdered-metal 03.42.1233.One or more parts of armature and shell unshakable in one's determination (for example hard outer layer and soft inside) can have various hardness numbers such as 20Rc, 40Rc and 60Rc.Most of soft-magnetic material shows a certain amount of residual magnetism or remanent magnetism (magnetic flux density).Whether coercive force (H axle) and residual magnetic flux density (B axle) decision residual magnetic devices 10 are applicable to certain applications.In certain embodiments, coercive force and magnetic flux density can change.The magnetic flow that produces in the air gap and to stride the mmf that air gap keeps big more, the remanent magnetism power of residual magnetic devices is just big more.Coercive force can change to 53 oersteds of high-alloy steel (for example hardness is the SAE52100 of 60Rc) from 1.5 oersteds of soft dead-soft steel (for example SAE1002).Other scope of coercive force and/or hardness number is applicable to specific application scenario.Other material will be described below with relevant remanent magnetism character.

[0080] common, magnetic flow (Mx) and to stride the mmf (ampere-circle) of specifying magnetic air gap to keep big more just depends on the size of magnetic air gap more fewly.For example, when the magnetic field magnetisation of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 by producing from coil 22, armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 engage.The coercive force and the magnetic flux density of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 materials are big more, and the engaging force between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 is just strong more.Big coercive force and big magnetic flux density also can make with regard to interval between the parts or the tolerance limit with regard to the gap and increase, and effective latching force or braking force at certain applications also are provided simultaneously.For example, the air gap that the parts that are made of the material with high-coercive force and high magnetic flux density can be bigger is separated, and still provides and the identical remanent magnetism power of parts that constitutes with the material by having low-coercivity and low magnetic flux density than the small air gap separation.

[0081] material of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 also can change, with the weight and/or the size of the residual magnetic devices that changes steering column lock 12 or any other type.Whether type of material can reduce the size of remanent magnetism lock and the remanent magnetism character B that weight depends on material _RAnd H _CThe energy that is provided by material at the air gap place is high more, and residual magnetic devices will be more little.The variable sizeization of residual magnetic devices is to meet the weight requirement of certain applications.For example, some vehicles have the weight and/or the size restriction of the size that limited steering column lock 12 and/or weight.In certain embodiments, armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 are that the SAE52100 of 40Rc makes by hardness, and armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 can weigh about 10 pounds altogether.Also can use the material and the hardness number of other type in the steering column lock 12, to increase or to reduce the size and/or the weight of steering column lock 12.

[0082] shown in Fig. 2 and 5, shell 20 unshakable in one's determination comprises heart 20a, unfaithful intention 20b, yoke 20c (supporting heart and unfaithful intention) and depression between heart 20a and unfaithful intention 20b or opening 20d.Depression 20d holds coil 22.In certain embodiments, coil 22 comprises the copper cash of 21 normal diameters (gauge).Other lead or medium also can be included in the coil 22.The number of turn in electric current of being supplied with and the coil 22 determines to impose on corresponding engagement power between magnetic field on armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 materials and magnetic flow and armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.In certain embodiments, coil 22 comprises 265 circles, although can adopt still less or the more number of turn according to the application-specific of lock 12 and the levels of current that can realize.

[0083] coil 22 connects with controller 24.In certain embodiments, controller 24 does not comprise microprocessor, but can comprise few parts of trying one's best, as one or more sensors, one or more switch and/or discrete component analogous circuit.In certain embodiments, controller 24 can comprise one or more integrated circuit or programmable logic controller (PLC).Fig. 3 and 4 shows an embodiment of controller 24.Controller 24 can comprise microcontroller 28, state definite mouthful of a module 29, hardware interlock circuit 32, energy supply control module 34, power supply 35, bus transceiver 36 and the internal bus or the bindiny mechanism 37 that can connect microcontroller 28 all parts or subclass.In certain embodiments, bus transceiver 36 provides with being included in and usually is used for being connected the network of vehicle control system such as the serial communication between other control system of local internet (LIN) or controller local area network (CAN).Bus transceiver 36 can by network provide and receive and other vehicle control system between the state and the control information of coming and going.

[0084] bus transceiver 36 also can provide and the internal bus 37 of reception and controller 24 between the state and the control information of contact.For example, bus transceiver 36 can receive locking or untie the control signal of steering column lock 12, and this control signal can be passed to microcontroller 28.Microcontroller 28 can be handled this control signal, and one or more control signals are passed to power supply 35 and/or energy supply control module 34.Power supply 35 can produce magnetization or demagnetizing current, and it can allow armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 engage or break away from, so that lock or untie steering column lock 12.In certain embodiments, controller 24 can receive power from external power supply (for example ignition system), rather than comprises independent power supply 35.Power supply 35 also can comprise chemical energy systems or closed-centre system, for example battery.In one embodiment, power supply 35 can by by user rotation or otherwise the part of mobile generator produce, to generate enough energy magnetization or demagnetizing current are supplied to coil 22.Piezo-electric device also can be used as manpower and starts power supply.By the power supply 35 that adopts manpower to move and form electromagnetic assembly 26, can be basically or eliminate fully and include the needs that are used as power supply 35 such as the easy acquisition power supply of battery, direct supply or source of AC in.In other embodiments, power supply 35 can comprise sun-generated electric power, static power supply and/or nuclear energy power supply.

[0085] energy supply control module 34 can comprise H bridge integrated circuit, one or more transistor or one or more relay, to be used for regulating levels of current, direction and the time length that imposes on coil 22.In certain embodiments, electromagnetic assembly 26 can comprise single coil 22, and energy supply control module 34 can comprise H bridge integrated circuit, four transistors or relay, to form the bipolar current driving circuit of positive anti-polarity current being provided for coil 22.In other embodiments, electromagnetic assembly 26 can comprise two coils 22, and energy supply control module 34 can comprise two transistors, so that two one pole driving circuits to be provided.An one pole driving circuit provides first electric current can for a coil 22, and another one pole driving circuit provides second electric current opposite with first current polarity can for another coil 22.

[0086] in certain embodiments, the state of controller 24 determines that mouth 29 can send and received signal, to determine the state (for example, whether have remanent magnetism power between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20, cause part bonding or disengaging) of electromagnetic assembly 26.The state of electromagnetic assembly 26 can be used for controlling lock 12.For example, biased element 27 can apply the biasing force that makes armature 18 and shell 20 unshakable in one's determination separate or break away from, and the state of electromagnetic assembly 26 can be used for determining when and applies biasing force.The state of electromagnetic assembly 26 also can be used for guaranteeing only applying demagnetizing current when applying corresponding magnetization current in advance, to prevent that electromagnetic assembly 26 is impaired or to suffer undesirable operation.

[0087] in certain embodiments, controller 24 is determined the state of electromagnetic assembly 26 by the inductance of determining electromagnetic assembly 26.Referring to Fig. 5, the inductance of electromagnetic assembly 26 correspondingly changes according to the magnetic air gap 60 between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.For example, when armature 18 contacted substantially with shell 20 unshakable in one's determination, the inductance of electromagnetic assembly 26 was big 3 times when the inductance of electromagnetic assembly 26 roughly separated about 1 millimeter than armature 18 and shell 20 unshakable in one's determination.For the inductance of definite electromagnetic assembly 26, controller 24 sends voltage impulses can for coil 22, and state can be measured the electric current rising for definite mouthful 29.In certain embodiments, controller 24 can be roughly produces voltage impulse and the electric current measured in the electromagnetic assembly 26 rises every 50 microseconds.When armature 18 contacts substantially with shell 20 unshakable in one's determination, the electric current rising (because of the resistance of air generation between the parts) when electric current rises greater than armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 separations.The separation distance of existence when separation distance can be divided into the separation distance that exists when lock 12 engages (because of armature 18 and shell 20 unshakable in one's determination surperficial faulty smooth) or armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and breaks away from.Threshold value separation distance (for example one millimeter or several millimeters) can be distinguished this two classes separation distance.Controller 24 can rise based on the electric current of observing and calculate separation distance, and the separation distance and the threshold value separation distance that calculate can be made comparisons to determine the state of electromagnetic assembly 26.

[0088] state of controller 24 determines that mouth 29 also can use other mechanism to determine the state of electromagnetic assembly 26.For example, state determines that mouth 29 can be connected with one or more sensors, and such as Hall transducer, these sensors are determined the characteristic of the magnetic flow of existence in the electromagnetic assembly 26 at least.The Hall transducer that is arranged in the flux path of electromagnetic assembly 26 can detect magnetic flux value, and the state that magnetic flux value can be passed to is determined mouth 29.State determines that mouthfuls 29 can use magnetic flux value to determine that whether the magnetic flow that detects engage corresponding to electromagnetic assembly 26 or the magnetic flow of existence when breaking away from.

[0089] state of controller 24 determines mouthfuls 29 or microcontroller 28 current state that can store electromagnetic assembly 26, and can be when it applies magnetization current or degaussing counter-current update mode.In one embodiment, controller 24 can be configured to apply preventative magnetization current before applying demagnetizing current.Preventative magnetization current can guarantee to exist remanent magnetism power before applying demagnetizing current.Preventative magnetization current does not damage electromagnetic assembly 26, because in most of embodiment, it is saturated that the material of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 has been in maximum magnetic flux.In other embodiments, state determines that mouthfuls 29 can monitor mechanical mechanism between armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 such as strain gage, with the amount of pressure determining to exist between the parts and determine that parts are to engage or disengaging.In one embodiment, the mechanical switch that is moved of the motion by armature 18 can be used for the mechanically state of record locking device 12.Described switch for example can comprise that micro-switch, load pad, film pad, piezo-electric device and/or power detect resistance.

[0090] in certain embodiments, the hardware interlock circuit 30 of controller 24 can provide security feature, to help to avoid lock 12 unexpected locking or releases.For example, hardware interlock circuit 30 can filter the control signal that is received or produced by microcontroller 28 by bus transceiver 36, to guarantee that invalid signals does not lock or unlocked device 12.Hardware interlock circuit 30 can prevent power fluctuation or unexpected locking of fast control signal and/or unlocked device 12.When detecting invalid signals, can the suspend lock operation of device 12 of hardware interlock circuit 30 is reseted or is repaired up to controller 24, if necessary.In certain embodiments, when giving controller 24 power supplies, hardware interlock circuit 30 can be ended the operation of electromagnetic assembly 26, up to the operation inspection execution and by (for example, the voltage of supply has been determined the appropriate state of electromagnetic assembly 26 etc. in efficient range).In one embodiment, hardware interlock circuit 30 can be ended in the setting stage of controller 24, can start subsequently and set to be used for operating.

[0091] parts and the module that illustrate and describe above controller 24 is not limited to.Functionally also can adopt multiple mode to make up by what above-mentioned parts provided.In certain embodiments, controller 24 can provide the tamperproof function, so the locking of unauthorized lock 12 or untie impassabitity and change the store status of electromagnetic assembly 26 or conciliate open procedure and realized by the locking that controller 24 provides.

[0092] in certain embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, microcontroller 28 can comprise transceiver 40, tool state module 41, treater 42 and memory module 43.Microcontroller 28 also can comprise more or less parts, and above-named parts provide functionally also can adopt multiple mode to make up and distribute.Microcontroller 28 can receive concurrent feed signals by transceiver 40.In certain embodiments, transceiver 40 comprises general-duty asynchronous receiver/transmitter, and it allows that microcontroller 28 receives and send control and/or status signal asynchronously.Tool state module 41 can comprise that amplifier, conv (for example A and D converter) or other tool for processing are by definite mouthful 29 state determination signals that send and receive of state.Treater 42 can comprise that microprocessor, special IC or other mechanism come receiving inputted signal and processing instruction.In certain embodiments, treater 42 can send instruction or control signal, and they are by transceiver 40 outputs and pass to bus transceiver 36, power supply 35, energy supply control module 34, definite mouthful 29 of state and/or hardware interlock circuit 30.Control signal can be used for reporting the state of electromagnetic assembly 26, the state that changes electromagnetic assembly 26 and/or the state of definite electromagnetic assembly 26.

[0093] memory module 43 can comprise nonvolatile memory, such as one among ROM, disc driver and/or the RAM or combination.In certain embodiments, memory module 43 comprises flash memory.Memory module 43 can comprise the instruction and data that has been obtained and/or carried out by treater 42.In certain embodiments, memory module 43 can comprise variable, mark, registration or the position that indicates electromagnetic assembly 26 states.In certain embodiments, memory module 43 can be stored and the relevant operation information of controller 24 parts.For example, but the threshold data that the current state of memory module 43 storage power control modules 34 available range of voltage values, hardware interlock circuit 30, the data that are used for determining to receive on mouthfuls 29 with state are made comparisons etc.

[0094] in certain embodiments, controller 24 provides voltage can for coil 22, to produce or to eliminate the remanent magnetism power between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.The voltage range of being supplied with by controller 24 can be about 8 volts to about 24 volts.Other specific voltage and voltage range also can be used according to performance and application-specific.In certain embodiments, controller 24 can supply to the magnetization current that almost reaches 10 amperes coil 22, thereby produces magnetic field around coil 22.The magnetic field that is produced by the magnetization current that imposes on coil 22 can produce remanent magnetism power between armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20, this power is with armature 18 tractions and remain to shell 20 unshakable in one's determination, when promptly convenient controller stops to supply with magnetization current.

[0095] controller 24 also can supply to demagnetizing current coil 22.Demagnetizing current can have the polarity opposite substantially with magnetization current polarity and almost reach 2 amperes electric current.Other demagnetizing current level also can be used.Demagnetizing current can produce around coil 22 and the opposite magnetic field of magnetic direction that is produced by magnetization current.The opposite sense balance in the magnetic field that is produced by demagnetizing current or the magnetic direction that counteracting utilizes magnetization current to produce in advance are with the remanent magnetism power between basic elimination armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.As previously described, in certain embodiments, electromagnetic assembly can comprise single coil 22, and controller 24 can comprise the bipolar driving circuit that magnetization current and demagnetizing current are provided to coil 22, such as H bridge integrated circuit or four transistors.As selection, electromagnetic assembly 26 can comprise two coils 22, and controller 24 can comprise two driving circuits, and each driving circuit all has two transistors.A driving circuit provides magnetization current can for a coil 22, and another driving circuit provides demagnetizing current can for another coil 22.

[0096] in the middle of demagnetization process, the form that controller 24 can pulse applies alternate polarity electric current (i.e. magnetization and demagnetizing current), its in certain embodiments continuous decrease to produce the magnetic field that reduces gradually.By reducing the time length of each alternate polarity pulse, the magnetic flux level in levels of current in the coil 22 and even the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 can reduce gradually, reaches minimum up to the magnetic hysteresis of shell 20 unshakable in one's determination.

[0097] in certain embodiments, controller 24 can use the demagnetizing current of pulse duration modulation (" PWM ") continuous increase is provided for coil 22, up to the remanent magnetism power of offsetting shell 20 unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, the controller 24 sustainable demagnetizing currents of applying increase for coil 22 discharge armature 18 from shell 20 unshakable in one's determination substantially up to a mechanism (for example spring or other mechanical device).Controller 24 can detect the essence release of armature 18 from shell 20 unshakable in one's determination, and can determine whether point of release has reached and demagnetizing current no longer needs.Point of release can be that the remanent magnetism power between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 is in threshold value that armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 be considered to break away from or the such point that is lower than this threshold value.In certain embodiments, controller 24 may also not established the point of release of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 before applying demagnetizing current.Controller 24 can use PWM to reach point of release.

[0098] as selecting, in certain embodiments, the point of release that is used for electromagnetic assembly 26 is established or be provided with to controller 24 in advance, and can apply power signal after the pulse duration modulation of calibration based on service voltage.Point of release can have about 10% tolerance.Controller 24 can adopt the point of release of establishment and this tolerance to come together to determine nominal release current.Controller 24 can apply the pulse duration modulation power signal that its duty factor is based on the service voltage level of being supplied with by controller 24.

[0099] in addition, because the remanent magnetism magnet is irreversible magnet, so remanent magnetism can be eliminated or offset to the air gap that utilizes manual release mechanism 47 to disconnect between closed magnetic circuit or increase armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.In certain embodiments, muscle power ground or the ability that manually discharges armature 18 from shell 20 unshakable in one's determination can provide a kind of security mechanism, to untie or to throw off lock under the occasion that demagnetizing current (for example power loss) can not be provided.Steering column 12 can comprise manual release mechanism 47, this manual release mechanism 47 comprises the lifting bolt (as shown in Figure 5) that is positioned on the armature 18, and by spiral is screwed in or is screwed in the armature 18, with shell unshakable in one's determination 18 contacts and separate armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20, steering column 12 can manually be untied up to spiral.Other residual magnetic devices also can comprise manual release mechanism 47, and this manual release mechanism 47 comprises long-range releasing mechanism.For example, cam or chock and operable lever or drag-line can be used for manual releasing baggage container lock bolt, promptly produce the required separation of counteracting magnetic load by actuating linkage or drag-line on the armature so that cam or chock are loaded to come to.

[00100] referring to Fig. 1 and steering column lock 12, shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and coil 22 can be contained on the vehicle 16 tightly.Shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and coil 22 can be installed with one heart with steering-wheel spindle 48.In certain embodiments, the central axis of shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and/or coil 22 can be installed prejudicially with respect to the central axis of steering handwheel.Armature 18 is limited by on the steering-wheel spindle 48 rotatably, but can steering-wheel spindle 48 axially on move.Armature 18 can be installed with one heart with steering-wheel spindle 48.The central axis of armature 18 also can be installed prejudicially with respect to the central axis of steering-wheel spindle 48.In certain embodiments, gear, STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED or other suitable parts can be used for armature and/or shell unshakable in one's determination and steering-wheel spindle 48 are linked up.

[00101] when voltage imposes on coil 22 by controller 24, the proportional current draw of resistance with coil 22 just appears.The electric current of coil 22 and the number of windings have determined to impose on the magnetic flow of shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 materials.The magnetic flow that imposes on the material of shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 can produce the normal direction surface of shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 (promptly perpendicular to) magnetic force between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18.The amount of the magnetic flow that is produced by coil 22 and the magnetic flux density state (that is, whether material is saturated fully) of material can be determined the remanent magnetism intensity of force between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18.Air gap between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18 also can influence remanent magnetism intensity of force between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18.

[00102] in certain embodiments, the magnetic flux level in the material increases, and the increase of the remanent magnetism power between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination thereupon and the armature 18, up to the magnetic saturation that reaches shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18.Magnetic saturation appears at when material has reached its maximum magnetic potential.In certain embodiments, controller 24 provides about 50 milliseconds of electric currents to about 100 milliseconds of times, so that armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 reach magnetic saturation.In case reached magnetic saturation, further applied electric current and just help very little or do not have help to the attractive force of material or remanent magnetism power.

[00103] Fig. 5 show each all with the cross sectional drawing of armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and the coil 22 of steering-wheel spindle 48 concentric locatings.In certain embodiments, the 3rd cross-sectional area 55 of first cross-sectional area 50 of armature 18, second cross-sectional area 51 of unfaithful intention 20b, heart 20a and the 4th cross-sectional area 57 of yoke 20c are equal substantially, so that increase shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 roughly reaches magnetically saturated possibility simultaneously.In certain embodiments, reach high or maximum saturation level and all parts reach this level simultaneously, best remanent magnetism power can be provided.For example, magnetic saturation can provide predetermined remanent magnetism power, and its demagnetizing current that need be scheduled to is to eliminate the remanent magnetism power that produces.If in armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 one or both all do not reach magnetic saturation completely, make so remanent magnetism power oppositely required demagnetizing current amount can more be difficult to determine.

[00104] in a single day produce desirable remanent magnetism power between armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20, armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 engage and steering handwheel is locked by steering column lock 12.Steering handwheel 14 can be prevented from rotation basically, because shell unshakable in one's determination 20 can not rotate or be installed in movably on the vehicle 16.Be maintained on the shell 20 unshakable in one's determination by the remanent magnetism power that produces between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 by the armature 18 that rotates with steering handwheel 14 in advance before the residual magnetization.

[00105] owing to the magnetic hysteresis of magnetic material, in case lock 12 engages, controller 24 just can stop to supply with magnetization currents to coil 22.In certain embodiments, the amount of power that the magnetic hysteresis restriction lock 12 of magnetic material needs changes the state of lock 12 rather than keeps lock 12 states because controller 24 is only supplied with power.

[00106] also determined to the best big or small available iron heart shell 20 of the remanent magnetism power of coil 22 generations and the cross-sectional area of armature 18 by applying voltage by the magnetic air gap 60 (as shown in Figure 5) between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Magnetic air gap 60 is more little, and electromagnetic assembly 26 just closely reaches the remanent magnetism power of materials used maximum more.When armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 are one one body component or part (rings of material that for example has closed magnetic circuit), will observe the highest remanent magnetism power and without any magnetic air gap 60.

[00107] in certain embodiments, making remanent magnetism load reach best required magnetic material properties is high-coercive force (Hc) and high residual magnetic flux density (B _R).The validity of remanent magnetism load is by the magnetic flow that can produce in magnetic air gap (Mx) and can strides mmf (ampere-circle) tolerance that magnetic air gap keeps./ 2nd [1/2 * (total air-gap flux) * (mmfs)] or the area (shown in Fig. 6 g) of air-gap permeance line and hysteresis curve below of these two amount areas are the energy that are stored in the magnetic air gap.Therefore, the energy of the best of every cm3 material magnetic air gap or maximum possible is the logical course of the magnetic efficiency of material therefor during assessment remanent magnetism is used.

[00108] Fig. 6 a-6h shows the hysteresis curve or the loop line of different materials, and for example carbon content is 0.02%-1.0% and the steel of hardness from dead soft annealing to 60Rc.Curve is divided into four quadrants.Second quadrant is represented the degaussing quadrant.The hysteresis curve that is included in second quadrant partly is called demagnetization curve.Residual magnetic flux density (B _R) being present in C/LOOP as in the ring, total coercive force (Hc) is to overcome the magnetic resistance of material to set up the required power of C/LOOP.

[00109] magnetic air gap of identical size imports among all figure shown in Fig. 6 a-6h, this with magnetic flux density from (B _R) being reduced to (Bd), the magnetic resistance with material is reduced to (Hc-Hd) from (Hc) thus, and produces the mmf that equals (Hd * C/LOOP length) in magnetic air gap.Therefore, area is equal to that (Bd * shaded rectangle Hd) will equal the twice of per unit volume material magnetic air gap energy.Therefore, the optimization point of magnetic material operation is that (Bd * Hd) is when maximum for area for specifying magnetic air gap.

[00110] Fig. 6 g shows the hysteresis curve 68 that hardness is the SAE52100 alloy steel material of 40Rc.The magnetic air gap magnetic wire of the magnetic material of being considered and the point of crossing of hysteresis curve have been determined the magnetic flux density Bd and the magnetic-field intensity Hd at air gap place, and this remanent magnetism power to definite application scenario of being considered is useful.Not having the magnetization armature 18 of magnetic air gap 60 and the remanent magnetism power of shell unshakable in one's determination 20 is to be represented by the line 70 that is positioned on the y axle.Magnetic air gap 60 when in certain embodiments, lock 12 engages is about 0.002 inch to 0.005 inch.The magnetic conductance of two possibility air gaps between line 73 and 74 expression armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination [(magnetic flux/(ampere-circle)].In the embodiment of steering column lock 12, line 73 and 74 can be represented the magnetic conductance of 0.002 inch and 0.005 inch air gap respectively.When the cross-sectional area of the pole surface of having determined ideal design, can determine magnetic flux density by the point of crossing of line 73 and 74, and the material hysteresis curve can be used for calculating remanent magnetism power.In certain embodiments, 0.002 inch magnetic air gap is that the surface (that is, smoothness that this is surperficial or planeness are better than a light belt, and surface finish is better than " class grinding " degree of finish) that utilizes very smooth or fine gtinding produces.0.005 the magnetic air gap of inch can utilize smooth " class grinding " surface to produce.In certain embodiments, magnetic air gap 60 can be surperficial and drop to 0.002 inch from 0.005 inch by correct grinding " class grindings ", makes the surface more smooth and produce between armature 18 and shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and engage closely.Magnetic air gap when air gap when in certain embodiments, lock 12 is thrown off between armature 18 and the shell 20 unshakable in one's determination or separation distance engage greater than lock 12.For example, air gap during disengagement or separation distance can be about 0.05 inch or bigger.

[00111] Fig. 7 shows the degaussing quadrant of hysteresis curve 68, and magnetic flux density (B) is converted into torque, and magnetic-field intensity (H) is converted into the electric current relevant with the physical property of electromagnetic assembly 26.Fig. 7 shows the SAE52100 alloy steel torque load as calculated that hardness is 40Rc, and its center line 70,73 and 74 shows magnetic air gap, 0.002 inch magnetic air gap and 0.005 inch the magnetic air gap of zero inch respectively.

[00112] table 1 has been listed several magnetic materials that various remanent magnetism are used that can be used for, such as steel.In certain embodiments, wait and select material such as blocking force, response time, magnetic response (permeability) at specific remanent magnetism application.Some demands can require blocking force tightlier but can not require response time fast.Other application can require blocking force less but magnetic response (permeability) is higher.Table 1 has been listed the character of various steel, and provides the magnetic air gap energy for every kind of material under the situation of given specific magnetic air gap curve of magnetization.The magnetic air gap curve of magnetization has in second quadrant negative slope of drawing and intersecting with the material demagnetization curve from initial point.Point of crossing has been determined (Bd), (Hd) and the energy of the magnetic air gap of per unit volume material.

Material	μ max	B RGaussian line/sq cm	Hc oersted ampere-circle/centimetre	Bd gaussian line/sq cm	Hd oersted ampere-circle/centimetre	The magnetic air gap energy (Bd * Hd)/2* (line-ampere-circle)/cm3
							SAE1002
	2280	8365	1.77	2000	1.2	955
							SAE1018	564	7219	6.83	4211	3.97	6652
SAE1044	622	9838	7.8	6966	4.287	11883
							SAE1060	869	11737	6.34	6337	5.072	12789
SAE1075	376	8508	11.5	4694	6.1837	11546
							SAE52100Rc20	549	12915	14.3	11740	12.510	58439
SAE52100Rc40	443	13479	20.124	12599	14.535	72865
							SAE52100Rc60	117	9342	53.14	8759	11.81	41160

^*Erg-ten=10 ⁸Line-ampere-circle/cm3

Table 1: the permeability of magnetic material, magnetic flux density, coercive force and magnetic air gap energy

[00113] as shown in table 1, the SAE52100Rc40 alloy steel has the highest magnetic air gap energy for specific magnetic air gap size.High magnetic air gap energy shows that the 52100Rc40 alloy steel has maximum remanent magnetism blocking force or engaging force in the middle of the material that table 1 is listed.But, the maximum permeability (μ of SAE52100Rc40 alloy steel _Max) be 443, some other materials of listing less than table 1.Permeability is more little, and magnetization speed is slow more.Usually, along with the alloying of material or hardness strengthen, remanent magnetism power increases and permeability (magnetization speed) reduces.

[00114] when lock 12 engages, magnetic air gap 60 produces continuous remanent magnetism power usually, even if the twisting resistance slippage of armature 18 because of applying.Traditional steering column lock comprises bolt, and it falls into passage with locking steering handwheel and auxiliary as anti-joyride device.Remote-operated control system often is used in combination with bolt-passage mechanical mechanism, and because of there being quite complexity of various motors, cam and sensor.The bolt of using in the conventional steering tubing string lock can be cut off by brute force or by the reversed load that tire motion produces.In case bolt is cut off, steering-wheel spindle 48, locking bolt shell or locking bolt itself can be impaired.The bolt of cutting off also can lock in passage, and for good and all pins steering column up to removing bolt.

[00115] magnetic air gap 60 can allow lock 12 that continuous power is provided, even if certain slippage occurs, and can not damage or the parts of permanent locking steering column.The slippage that magnetic air gap 60 is allowed has prevented that steering column is impaired.Magnetic air gap 60 is big more, just is easy to generate rotation-sliding more.For example, when the torque that is about lock 12 the highest possibility remanent magnetism power 50 percent is applied on the steering-wheel spindle 48, lock 12 (being that the SAE52100 alloy steel of 40Rc constitutes by hardness for example) with joint of 0.005 inch magnetic air gap can begin to be rotated slippage.But, lock 12 (being that the SAE52100 alloy steel of 40Rc constitutes by hardness for example) with joint of 0.002 inch magnetic air gap only begins to be rotated slippage after being applied on the steering-wheel spindle 48 will equaling the highest roughly 80 percent the torque that may the remanent magnetism power of lock 12.In certain embodiments, cause rotation-sliding required to apply torque be about 20 ft. lbs to about 80 ft. lbs, the size of magnetic air gap 60 when engaging and deciding according to the size of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and material and lock 12.

[00116] in certain embodiments, do not make shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 reach magnetic saturation, and if detect slippage, the remanent magnetism power between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18 can be increased by giving the additional magnetization current of coil 22 supplies.Do not have among the saturated fully embodiment at some materials, the remanent magnetism power between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18 can be increased when detecting slippage.Remanent magnetism power also can increase to predetermined force, such as about 90 ft. lbs.In addition, remanent magnetism power can increase by the electric current to coil increase or modulation additional levels, till reaching capacity.

[00117] in certain embodiments, make shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 reach magnetic saturation, if and detected slippage, extra current would be applied in to coil 22 to increase electromagnetic force between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18 (being that the situation of the SAE52100 steel of 40Rc exerts oneself to double in hardness for example).But, when extra current stopped, because shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 magnetic saturation, additional electrical magnetic force did not keep, and previous remanent magnetism is tried hard to keep and held.

[00118] the slippage meeting causes that the friction between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 increases.For example, the slippage meeting under high relatively power effect causes the steel surface of shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and armature 18 not have lubricated steel surface to begin clamping stagnation as great majority.In soft relatively material,, the surface bites because will appearring in the rolling of surface material particle.The magnetic air gap 60 that can increase between shell 20 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 18 is bitten on the surface.Magnetic air gap that increases or separation distance can cause the loss of remanent magnetism power, and therefore cause the loss of braking force or latching force.High-alloy steel can provide tough and hard surface such as the SAE52100 bearing steel, thereby can limit clamping stagnation amount or the surface amount of biting between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.

[00119] in certain embodiments, the material of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 can be through surface treatment to increase hardness to shell.In certain embodiments, the thermochemistry diffusion technique that is called nitrogenize is used for producing nitrided shell on armature 18 and/or shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Nitrogenize has produced surperficial complex, its by usually only for thick " the white layer " or " recombination region " of several microinchs and be about usually 0.003 inch thick or thinner to allow the outside nitrogen diffusion region formation of degaussing.

[00120] in certain embodiments, nitridation process can be carried out having on the dead soft annealing SAE52100 steel of martensitic structure.Martensitic structure can by steel is heat-treated then to cooled off with marquench or rapid quenching and realized.By in steel, producing martensitic structure, can improve the hardness of steel.For example, original hardness is that the hardness of the SAE52100 steel of 20Rc can increase to up to 60Rc after heat treatment.

[00121] material also can be prepared like this to carry out nitrogenize: promptly, the surface is ground flat to 0.005 inch deviation range, and sandblast is carried out on the surface provided clean substrate to give the nitride shell.As mentioned above, the surface is smooth more and smooth, and magnetic air gap 60 is just more little, and the remanent magnetism power between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 is also big more.The surface of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 also can be cleaned by sandblast or other traditional cleaning course before the beginning nitridation process.

[00122] in nitridation process, nitrogen can be imported into the surface of steel in heating steel surface.In certain embodiments, the surface can be heated to about 950 Degrees Fahrenheit to 1000 Degrees Fahrenheits.Nitrogen has changed surperficial complex, and has produced the harder outside face or the shell of more wear-resisting (bite on promptly anti-surface), withstanding corrosion and heatproof degree.Although the nitrogenize of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 partly has the hardness of increase, the high temperature that uses in the nitridation process can reduce the integral hardness of steel.In certain embodiments, nitridation process is reduced to about 40Rc with the hardness that hardness is about the SAE52100 steel of 50Rc.

[00123] " the white layer " that produces in the nitridation process also can help to alleviate degaussing any remanent magnetism adhesion afterwards.This feature prevents that to adopting brass shim spacer the sticking of armature in the screw actuator application is similar.Although " white layer " generally is made of about 90% iron and about 10% nitrogen and carbon, it provides more completely for high-alloy steel to discharge such as SAE52100.The thickness of diffusion region also helps the release of degaussing parts.In certain embodiments, along with the increase of the diffusion region degree of depth, the remanent magnetism adhesion increases.

[00124] in order to offset remanent magnetism power, or makes the material degaussing of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20, apply magnetic field or magnetic flux on the opposite sense that applies by amplified current in advance, for the material of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20.In order to produce opposite magnetic fields, controller 24 can make the direction of current of prior warp let-off coil 22 reverse.Controller 24 can oppositely apply constant current, electric current variable and/or pulse, so that offset remanent magnetism power.In certain embodiments, when making armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 reach complete magnetic saturation, the known and controller 24 of remanent magnetism intensity of force can produce demagnetizing current and eliminate known remanent magnetism power.But, remanent magnetism power can be unknown or change, and controller 24 can apply variable demagnetizing current.In certain embodiments, controller 24 can use sensor to determine whether degaussing of armature 18 and/or shell unshakable in one's determination 20, if not, determine that again should supply with how many additional demagnetization electric currents guarantees complete degaussing.

[00125] material of armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20 is determined potential remanent magnetism power, and therefore determines to eliminate or offset the required demagnetizing current of remanent magnetism power.The big I of demagnetizing current determines from the figure of the hysteresis curve of the material that comprises armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20, and wherein, this curve intersects (shown in Fig. 6 and 7) with the magnetic-field intensity axle.In some materials, there is a spot of remanent magnetism to reply after the degaussing.Reply in order to offset this remanent magnetism, can use the additional demagnetization electric current with residual magnetic flux density horizontal drive (shown in Fig. 6 g) in third quadrant, or be urged to slightly negative flux density level, this can cause magnetic flux to be returned to clean zero.In certain embodiments, demagnetizing current can have and applies about 60 milliseconds about 700 milliamperes to the value of about 800 milliamperes.In case demagnetizing current reaches the level of representing on the hysteresis graph, just eliminate magnetic field and the basic remanent magnetism power of eliminating between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20 that produces by magnetization current by the magnetic field that demagnetizing current produces.In case eliminate remanent magnetism power, armature 18 just no longer engages with shell 20 unshakable in one's determination by remanent magnetism power.For steering column lock 12, along with armature 18 and shell 20 unshakable in one's determination are separated from, armature 18 is just allowed once more with steering handwheel 14 and steering-wheel spindle 48 rotations.

[00126] in certain embodiments, biased element 27 helps armature 18 to discharge from shell 20 unshakable in one's determination.In the middle of demagnetization process, can be by the power that biased element 27 applies greater than the remanent magnetism power that reduces gradually between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Biased element 27 can be used for guaranteeing the thorough release between armature 18 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Biased element 27 also can be used for controlling separating to guarantee calmness or to discharge smoothly of armature 18 and shell 20 unshakable in one's determination.The power that is applied by biased element 27 can be constant force, in case fully minimizing or the counteracting of remanent magnetism power, and therefore can be less than the power that applies by biased element 27, this constant force just discharges armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20.As selection, biased element 27 can apply variable release force between armature 18 and shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Functional can be used in key or lever system, key chain (key fob) system and/or the keyless systems that provides by steering column lock 12.The structure of steering column lock 12 selectively is used in door lock and/or the lock bolt delivery system (that is, glove box lock bolt, combination body paulin lock bolt, centre console lock bolt, steering handwheel or steering column lock, oil filling port lock bolt, fastener, ball or cylindrical bearing etc.).

[00127] Fig. 8 and 9 shows one embodiment of the present of invention, and it comprises a rotational latching system, the rotation that it adopts remanent magnetism to stop mechanism to be put at predetermined start and stop bit.In certain embodiments, residual magnetic devices can use and rotatablely move and axial motion makes torque prevention ability reach maximum.Fig. 8 and 9 shows the remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 that is included in the vehicle ignition assembly 80.In certain embodiments, remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 stops the rotation of vehicle ignition assembly 80.Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 can stop the startup rotation of vehicle ignition assembly 80 or just change, to prevent vehicle launch.Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 also can be used for stoping the counter-rotating of vehicle ignition assembly 80, and so that the parking interlock function to be provided, its rotation that stops vehicle ignition assembly 80 is till vehicle parking.Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 can use with the vehicle ignition assembly 80 (as shown in Figure 8) of band key, and wherein key can be inserted and rotated with maneuver vehicle ignition module 80.Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 also can use with vehicle ignition assembly 80, user's turning knob or press the button wherein, with handle, rotation or actuated vehicle ignition module 80 otherwise.Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 also can be used for starting and stop, opening or closing with other structure, rotation transmission system selected or that cancel selected or locking or untie parts is used.

[00128] the conventional truck ignition module comprises that screw actuator or other power actuator are to stop rotation.By having simplified vehicle ignition assembly 80, because the movable part that can fracture or damage still less with remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 replacement screw actuators or power actuator.Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 needs also still less that power comes the change state, and does not need power to keep state.In addition, remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 provides the fast speed state to change and quietly operation.

[00129] the vehicle ignition assembly 80 shown in Fig. 8 and 9 comprises input media 81 (such as key or knob), ignition cylinder 83, actuator 84, ignition lock 86 and remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78.Input media 81 can insert in the ignition cylinder 83 or otherwise connect with it.Ignition cylinder 83 rotatably connects with actuator 84, and actuator 84 rotatably connects with ignition lock 86.Input media 81 can be used for rotation is passed to ignition lock 86, so that the maneuver vehicle igniting is to start vehicle.In certain embodiments, input media 81, ignition cylinder 83 and/or actuator 84 can be body units.

[00130] remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 comprises armature 90, shell unshakable in one's determination 92 and coil (not shown).Remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 also can comprise the controller (not shown) to the coil service voltage.In certain embodiments, structure, performance and the operation of armature 90, shell unshakable in one's determination 92, coil and/or controller are similar to top armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and controller 24 at 12 descriptions of steering column lock.The armature 90 of remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 can be installed with one heart with actuator 84 and/or is adjacent with it, and can rotatably be connected with actuator 84, so that armature 90 is rotated in the rotation of actuator 84.On the contrary, if the obstruction that armature 90 is rotated, actuator 84 also can not rotate.

[00131] in certain embodiments, shell 92 unshakable in one's determination can be installed on the shell (not shown) of vehicle ignition assembly 80, and this can prevent that shell 92 unshakable in one's determination from moving on hand of rotation or axial direction with respect to shell.Can shell 92 unshakable in one's determination can be passed through with the ignition cylinder 83 of actuator 84 rotations, and the opening rotation of substantially freely passing through shell 92 unshakable in one's determination can be allowed.

[00132] under lock-out state, as shown in Figure 8, vehicle ignition assembly 80 can stop because of the armature 90 of remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 and the rotation that the remanent magnetism power between the shell unshakable in one's determination 92 causes.If the operator is not having to attempt to rotate input media 81 under the proper situation of permitting, the remanent magnetism power between armature 90 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 92 will prevent rotatablely moving of input media 81 and even ignition lock 86.

[00133] remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 can be included in the motion-stopping structure 96 on armature 90 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 92.Motion-stopping structure 96 can impel armature 90 axially to move away shell 92 unshakable in one's determination, for example before can occurring rotatablely moving significantly.Motion-stopping structure 96 can be included at least one groove 96a on the shell 92 unshakable in one's determination and at least one the cooresponding protruding 96b on armature 90.Also can comprise a plurality of groove 96a and/or a plurality of protruding 96b, when the operator rotates input media 81, to indicate one or more operating and setting situations to him or she.For example, shell 92 unshakable in one's determination can comprise and closes groove, auxiliary flute and operation groove.Shell 92 unshakable in one's determination can comprise protruding 96b, and armature can comprise corresponding groove 96a.Impel projection and groove to be disengaged the brake action that reverses that required camming action helps remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78.In other words, axial remanent magnetism power between armature 90 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 92 and motion-stopping structure 96 have together increased and have forced the required amount of torque of input media 81 rotation.

[00134] in certain embodiments, vehicle ignition assembly 80 can comprise the safe release mechanism 100 with ignition cylinder 83 or input media 81 one.Safe release mechanism 100 can limit the maximum torque that can impose on input media 81 or ignition cylinder 83 by the torque of cutting off rather than transmitting specified quantitative to vehicle ignition assembly 80.Because it is limited in one's ability that 78 opposings of remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance are reversed, safe release mechanism 100 can prevent that remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 lost efficacy.In certain embodiments, safe release mechanism 100 is cut off required torque and can be rotated closing appliance 78 resistible maximum torques less than remanent magnetism.In addition, unnecessarily disconnect in order to prevent safe release mechanism 100, safe release mechanism 100 is cut off required torque can be greater than the during normal use torque of operator's hand generation.

[00135] vehicle ignition assembly 80 can comprise that other safety or the disease-prevention institutions are to restrict unauthorized rotation.In certain embodiments, ignition cylinder 83 or input media 81 comprise and overflow mechanism 106, as shown in figure 10.When armature 90 and shell unshakable in one's determination 92 engages and vehicle ignition assembly 80 is in the lock state following time, excessive torque can be dissipated by overflowing mechanism 106.Overflow mechanism 106 and can comprise separation fracture 107, its rotation bang path along vehicle ignition assembly 80 produces gap or breach.Separate fracture 107 and can comprise the motion-stopping structure 108 that has one or more groove 108a and one or more protruding 108b.In certain embodiments, protruding 108b can comprise ball bearing of main shaft or the central portion that moves freely, and it can only lean on or engage with groove 108a.In normal running, protruding 108b can engage with groove 108a, so that they move and rotation together.Vehicle ignition assembly 80 is in the lock state the torque meeting that following time imposes on input media 81 and causes protruding 108b to break away from from groove 108a.For example, if protruding 108b comprises ball bearing of main shaft, apply the torque meeting and impel ball bearing of main shaft to deviate from groove 108a.In certain embodiments, when the torque with about 2 ft. lbs imposed on input media 81 or ignition cylinder 83, motion-stopping structure 108 will break away from.When 80 lockings of vehicle ignition assembly and motion-stopping structure disengaging, groove 108a can rotate by still motionless and protruding 108b.The motion-stopping structure 108 that overflows mechanism 106 allows that excessive torque dissipated by input media 81 or ignition cylinder 83, and can not damage vehicle ignition module 80 or transmit the power of allowing accessing vehicle without approval or maneuver vehicle.Overflow mechanism 106 and also can comprise biased element 109, it can allow motion-stopping structure 108 turn back to beginning or desired location (for example, groove 108a engage with protruding 108b position).Biased element 109 can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00136] under released state, as shown in Figure 9, receiving proper permission (that is, insert approved key, transmission for vehicles gear shift to the passive identification of stopping, receiving by the sensor etc.) closing appliance 78 of remanent magnetism rotation afterwards by degaussing.Remanent magnetism power between armature 90 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 92 is eliminated and armature 90 rotates with respect to shell unshakable in one's determination 92 fundamental freedom ground.Motion-stopping structure 96 also can provide the sense of instantaneous " engaging " at vehicle ignition assembly 80 when a position rotates to another position.The various states of feeling to can be used for indicating vehicle ignition assembly 80 to the operator that brought by motion-stopping structure 96 are such as " closing ", " assisting " or " RUN ".Vehicle ignition assembly 80 also can comprise one or more biased elements 104, such as one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams, thereby they engage with groove 96a with bias voltage projection 96b between armature 90 and actuator 84.When remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 broke away from, biased element 104 selectively provided separating force between armature 90 and shell unshakable in one's determination 92.

[00137] vehicle ignition assembly 80 comprises the controller of describing at steering column lock 12.This controller provides magnetization and demagnetizing current can for the coil in the shell 92 unshakable in one's determination, with the locking and unlocking vehicle ignition assembly 80.This controller also can adopt one or more methods (that is, switch, Hall transducer etc.) of describing at steering column lock 12 to determine the state of remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78.

[00138] above-mentioned ignition systems for vehicles 80 provides a kind of lock-out state, and wherein armature 90 engages with shell 92 unshakable in one's determination so that both are all non-rotatable.In another embodiment, make the disengaging of armature and shell unshakable in one's determination or, can stop rotatablely moving of ignition systems for vehicles separately so that prevent to rotatablely move transmission.By armature is separated with shell unshakable in one's determination, input media can freely rotate under lock-out state, thereby prevents that rotation is delivered to ignition systems for vehicles or other parts.By allowing rotating freely of input media, can exempt safe release mechanism 100 or overflow the needs of mechanism 106.

[00139] Figure 11 shows another vehicle ignition assembly 110 according to an embodiment of the invention.Vehicle ignition assembly 110 can comprise key holder or input media 112, axle 114, shell unshakable in one's determination 116, coil 118 and splined device 120.Input media 112 can be used as be used to visit, rotate, handle or mechanism's operation of release or opening feature such as ignition systems for vehicles, door or lock bolt.Axle 114 can extend and pass the central opening of shell 116 unshakable in one's determination from input media 112.In certain embodiments, structure, performance and the operation of shell 116 unshakable in one's determination and coil 118 are similar with coil 22 to top shell unshakable in one's determination 20 at 12 descriptions of steering column lock.The controller (not shown) of describing at steering column lock 12 above vehicle ignition assembly 110 also can comprise.

[00140] shell 116 unshakable in one's determination can be positioned at the central opening of splined device 120.In certain embodiments, shell 116 unshakable in one's determination can be installed on the splined device 120, so that shell 116 unshakable in one's determination can move rotatably with splined device 120.The rotation of splined device 120 can be transmitted to drive some parts such as igniting contact, steering column lock, lock bolt unlocking device etc.Be with in key or lever system, key chain system and/or the keyless systems by functional can be used on that vehicle ignition assembly 110 provides.The structure of vehicle ignition assembly 110 replacedly is used in door lock and/or the lock bolt delivery system (that is, glove box lock bolt, combination body paulin lock bolt, centre console lock bolt, steering handwheel or steering column lock, oil filling port lock bolt, fastener, ball or cylindrical bearing etc.).

[00141] Figure 12 shows the exploded drawings of vehicle ignition assembly 110.Vehicle ignition assembly 110 can comprise input media 112, axle 114, shell unshakable in one's determination 116, coil 118, armature 122 and splined device 120.Input media 112 can be attached on the axle 114 that passes shell 116 unshakable in one's determination and armature 122 centers.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 122, performance and operation are all similar to the armature of describing at steering column lock 12 18.

[00142] end of axle 114 can comprise an actuator 124, and it is configured to engage with armature 118.In certain embodiments, armature 122 can comprise the central opening 126 of admittance or receiving axes 114 and actuator 124.Armature 122 can be positioned at splined device 120, and when armature 122 rotations, splined device 120 also rotates like this.Armature 122 and splined device 120 can be configured to also allow that armature 122 moves axially in splined device 120, engage with the central opening 126 of armature 122 to allow axle 114 and axle actuator 124.

[00143] in certain embodiments, central opening 126 comprises the bow tie shape shown in Figure 12,13 and 14.Figure 13 shows axle 114, and it can have the shape of cylinder substantially, is positioned at the central opening 126 of armature 122.The size and dimension of axle 114 and central opening 126 allows that axle 114 rotates freely, and does not rotate to armature 122 and do not transmit in central opening 126.

[00144] by contrast, Figure 14 shows an actuator 124, and the shape that it has general rectangular is positioned at the central opening 126 of armature 122.The shape and the size of axle actuator 124 make opposite edges engage with central opening 126, so that the rotation of axle actuator 124 is delivered to armature 122 and even splined device 120.

[00145] the bow tie shape of opening 126 also can provide to a certain degree error correction by engaging armature 122, even if axle actuator 124 and armature 122 are aimed at fully.In certain embodiments, vehicle ignition assembly 110 can be carried out the visit checking before release.The access controller (not shown) can be checked passive or mechanical input media 112 before 110 releases of vehicle ignition assembly.The bow tie shape can provide lost motion functionality, so that the proving time is provided.If the operator rotate input media 112 than access controller can carry out the checking faster, the operator just has to input media 112 toward revolution, to allow an actuator 124 and the central opening 126 of armature 122 rejoin before attempting to rotate input media 112 once more.In certain embodiments, access controller, axle 114, axle actuator 124 and armature 122 are configured to by introducing abundant idle running the proving time and the possibility of defeating controller be reached minimum.Various rotations and/or linear idling device can use so that enough proving times to be provided with other embodiment.

[00146] Figure 15 shows the cross sectional drawing (along the datum line shown in Figure 11 15) of vehicle ignition module 110 under the released state.Under released state, armature 122 breaks away from shell 116 unshakable in one's determination, and engages with axle actuator 124.By rotation input media 112, rotation is delivered to an actuator 124 and is delivered to armature 122 from axle actuator 124 along axle 114.Armature 122 can be positioned to make the energy of rotation of armature 122 to be delivered to splined device 120, thus but drive ignition system or other system.Biased element 128 apply power can for armature 122, in that (that is, remanent magnetism power under) the situation, this is not tried hard to keep and holds armature 122 and engage with an actuator 124 not more energetically.Biased element 128 can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.Along with the disengaging of armature 122 and shell 116 unshakable in one's determination and with the engaging of axle actuator 124, just form the path that the rotation that will impose on input media 112 is delivered to splined device 120.

[00147] Figure 16 shows the cross sectional drawing of vehicle ignition module 110 under the lock-out state (along datum line shown in Figure 11 15).In order to stop visit vehicle ignition assembly 110, between shell 116 unshakable in one's determination and armature 122, produce remanent magnetism power by providing magnetization current or pulse to coil 118.The remanent magnetism power that generates can overcome the biasing force of spring 128 and armature 122 can be inhaled to shell 116 unshakable in one's determination.When armature 122 was pulled to shell 116 unshakable in one's determination, central opening 126 can break away from axle actuator 124.In addition, axle 114 can engage with the central opening 126 of armature 122 rather than engage with axle actuator 124.Along with the central opening 126 of axle actuator 124 with armature 122 breaks away from, rotation is not delivered to armature 122 or splined device 120, and rotation can not be used for handling or starting vehicle ignition assembly 110.

[00148], provide for coil 118 or demagnetizing current is carried in pulse, to reduce or to eliminate remanent magnetism power between shell 116 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 122 substantially for release vehicle ignition assembly 110.Along with the minimizing of remanent magnetism power, the power that is provided by biased element 128 can be returned to armature 122 with an axle actuator 124 and engage.Along with engaging of axle actuator 124 and central opening 126, rotatablely moving of input media 112 can be delivered to armature 122 and splined device 120.

[00149] above-mentioned vehicle ignition assembly 110 also comprises the controller of describing at steering column lock 12.This controller provides magnetization and demagnetizing current can for coil 118, so that the locking and unlocking vehicle ignition assembly 110.One or more methods (that is, switch, Hall transducer etc.) of describing at steering column lock 12 above this controller can utilize are determined the state of remanent magnetism power.In certain embodiments, steering column occluding device (as Figure 36 A with shown in the 37A) can adopt the clutch equipment similar to vehicle ignition assembly 110 to produce.

[00150] Figure 17 shows the remanent magnetism rotation brake system 140 of vehicle tyre brake system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.Unitor 144 and tire or wheel 154 that rotation brake system 140 can comprise shell 142 unshakable in one's determination (it comprises the coil that is grounding to vehicle substantially), rotor armature 148, become one with wheel hub 152.The structure, performance and the operation that it should be understood that shell unshakable in one's determination 142, coil and the armature of rotation brake system 140 can be similar to top shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and armature 18 at 12 descriptions of steering column lock.Remanent magnetism tire brake system 140 also can comprise the controller of describing at steering column lock 12.

[00151] tire 154 can be attached on the wheel hub 152, and rotatablely moving of rotor armature 148 can be delivered to wheel hub 152 by unitor 144 and be delivered to tire 154 then like this.The rotation that is delivered to the rotor armature 148 of unitor 144 can be inhibited by apply magnetic strength stress between shell 142 unshakable in one's determination and rotor armature 148.Rotor armature 148 can move and contact with it to produce friction towards shell 142 unshakable in one's determination on magnetic attraction effect lower linear ground.Friction changes into heat energy with the kinetic energy of rotor rotated armature 148 and stops the rotation of rotor armature 148.

[00152] the magnetic strength stress of above-mentioned rotation brake system 140 can flow to the magnetization current that is included in the coil in the shell 142 unshakable in one's determination by pulse and produces.The startup of modulating current pulse can be associated with the load that the people who imposes on lever or pedal produces, and makes that magnitude of load and magnetization current pulse are proportional.Offer the speed and the intensity variableization of the magnetization current of coil, to reduce the rotative speed of rotor armature 148 gradually.Become big magnetization current gradually and can produce bigger subsequently remanent magnetism load, the material in shell 142 unshakable in one's determination and rotor armature 148 is saturated fully.

[00153] in order to discharge brake system 140, the polarity of magnetization current can be reversed (that is, demagnetizing current) and apply with the predetermined current level, thereby makes the material degaussing of shell 142 unshakable in one's determination and rotor armature 148.In certain embodiments, brake system 140 can discharge in progressive mode by increasing the reversed polarity electric current gradually, up to reaching predetermined fully demagnetizing current level.

[00154] above-mentioned rotation brake system 140 also can be used as zero power remanent magnetism parking brake system.Remanent magnetism parking brake system 140 can comprise that the controller of describing at steering column lock 12 is to produce braking force.Controller provides magnetization and demagnetizing current can for the coil in the iron core, to use and release rotation brake system 140.For example, the remanent magnetism parking brake can be transported to the coils that are embedded in the iron core 142 and engages by modulating the magnetization current horizontal pulse, can allow the material saturated magnetic field fully of iron core and rotor armature to produce.In case current impulse is finished, will set high remanent magnetism power and parking brake and engage, need not further and remanent magnetism parking brake electricity mutual action, discharge it up to reaching ideal time.Controller also can adopt one or more above-mentioned methods (that is, switch, Hall transducer etc.) to determine the state of remanent magnetism power between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination.In order to discharge above-mentioned remanent magnetism parking brake system, carry demagnetizing current can for the coil pulse in the shell unshakable in one's determination, and remanent magnetism power can be reduced or elimination substantially.Biased element all can be used for bias rotor armature 148 away from iron core 142 such as one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00155] Figure 63 shows remanent magnetism ball ramp brake system 1020 according to an embodiment of the invention.Shown in Figure 63, ball ramp brake system 1020 can comprise counterpoise grounding 1022, case 1024, shell unshakable in one's determination 1026, axle 1028, ramp top board 1030 and bearing and/or spring assembly 1032.Figure 64 shows the ball ramp brake system 1020 that case 1024 has been removed.Shown in Figure 64, ball ramp brake system 1020 also comprises armature 1034 and one or more rolling element or ball 1036.Ball ramp drg 1020 also can comprise coil 1038 (seeing Figure 65).In certain embodiments, structure, performance and the operation of armature 1034, shell unshakable in one's determination 1026 and/or coil 1038 are similar to top armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and coil 22 at 12 descriptions of steering column lock.The controller (not shown) of describing at steering column lock 12 above ball ramp brake system 1020 also can comprise.

[00156] in certain embodiments, shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination can with basic connected to chassis second element (for example, counterpoise grounding 1022) directly or indirectly connects (but or shell unshakable in one's determination 1026 ground connection own), and armature 1034 can connect indirectly with being allowed first element (for example axle 1028) that moves (for example, rotatably and/or translation ground) with respect to second element.Describe at steering column lock 12 as top, when supplying with magnetization currents for coil 1038, can produce and armature 1034 is engaged with shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination and so prevent the remanent magnetism power that in fact armature 1034 move with respect to second element.

[00157] Figure 65 shows the exploded drawings of ball ramp brake system 1020.Shown in Figure 65, the end face 1034a of armature 1034 can comprise ramp base plate 1034b, and it meets the boundary via ball 1036 and ramp top board 1030 and produces ball ramp structure 1039 according to an embodiment of the invention.The opposite face of ramp base plate 1034b and ramp top board 1030 can comprise groove 1034c and 1030c respectively, the base that they provide ball 1036 to advance.Shown in Figure 66 a, 66b, 67a and 67b, groove 1034c and/or 1030c have the variable degree of depth (for example ramp), and can construct like this, promptly, among ramp plate 1030 and the 1034b one rotation and another ramp plate keeps static, ball 1036 is upwards advanced along the ramp of groove 1030c and/or 1034c, and try to increase the distance between ramp top board 1030 and the ramp base plate 1034b.For example, the groove 1034c of ramp base plate 1034b (that is, armature 1034) can comprise one or more ramp 1034d (shown in Figure 66 a and 66b), and the groove 1030c of ramp top board 1030 can comprise ramp 1030d (shown in Figure 67 a and 67b).In other embodiments, but groove 1030c and/or groove 1034c degree of depth unanimity.If ramp top board 1030 rotation and ramp base plate 1034b keeps static, ball 1036 just can along groove 1030c and 1034c advance and make progress along the ramp 1034d of groove 1034c.When upwards advancing, the distance between ramp base plate 1034b and the ramp top board 1030 can be attempted to increase in the lifting position of ball 1036 along the ramp 1034d of groove 1034c (and if groove 1030c do not have cooresponding downslope) when ball 1036.As following described in detail at Figure 69, if ramp top board 1030 remains on the basic unmodified maximum distance apart apart from ramp base plate 1034b, the lifting position of ball 1036 apply application force can for ramp base plate 1034b, with impel ramp base plate 1034b away from ramp top board 1030 and enter armature 1034 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1026 in.Birds-eye view and the transparent view of ramp base plate 1034b when Figure 66 a and 66b show ball 1036 respectively and be positioned at the groove 1034c of ramp base plate 1034b, and Figure 67 a and 67b show birds-eye view and the transparent view of the respective slot 1030c of ramp top board 1030 respectively.In certain embodiments, ball 1036 is made of hardened steel.

[00158] axle 1028 rotatably and axially connects with top board 1030.Shown in Figure 68 and 69, snap ring 1029 can connect with axle 1028, axially moves with respect to axle 1028 to prevent ramp top board 1030 basically.Shown in Figure 68 and 69, case 1024 can utilize fastener such as pin to be connected with armature 1034.Shown in Figure 68 and 69, bearing and/or spring assembly 1032 can comprise wave spring 1032a, packing ring 1032b and thrust bearing 1032c.Case 1024 can comprise protruding 1024a, and it can radially inwardly extend towards axle 1028.Wave spring 1032a can act on the protruding 1024a, thereby allows case 1024 that armature 1034 is pulled to ramp top board 1030.In other words, ramp top board 1030 can be trapped between armature 1034 and the protruding 1024a.Therefore, in certain embodiments, can produce drawbar load, make ball 1036 always contact with 1034d with ramp 1030d.In certain embodiments, bearing and/or spring assembly 1032 tolerable ramp top boards 1030 rotate in case 1024, reduce simultaneously or eliminate friction between ramp top board 1030 and the case 1024 substantially.

[00159] shown in Figure 65, shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination, coil 1038, armature 1034 and ramp top board 1030 can circumferentially be installed along axle 1028.Ramp top board 1030 is limited by axle 1028 rotatably or uses splined engagement with it.As above describe at Figure 63 and 64, shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination can be installed on the motionless substantially counterpoise grounding, and axle 1028 can be with respect to shell 1026 rotations unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, case 1024 is made of plastics.Case 1024 also can prevent dust and other containment ingression and/or accumulate in the ball ramp brake system 1020.

[00160] in certain embodiments, sub-component can comprise case 1024, ramp top board 1030, bearing/spring assembly 1032, armature 1034 and ball 1036.Sub-component can keep together by fastener such as pin.Shown in Figure 68 and 69, bias assembly 1041 (for example lining 1041a and spring 1041b) can be between sub-component and shell unshakable in one's determination 1026.After degaussing, bias assembly 1041 can be pushed armature 1034 to produce air gap open from shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination.

[00161] Figure 68 shows the cross sectional drawing (along the datum line A-A shown in Figure 63) of ball ramp brake system 1020 under the disengaged position.Under disengaged position, armature 1034 (and ramp base plate 1034b) and ramp top board 1030 can be with axle 1028 rotations.Because wave spring 1032a is biased in ramp top board 1030 on the ball 1036, ball 1036 is fix in position between ramp top board 1030 and ramp base plate 1034b, and in certain embodiments in ramp top board 1030 and ramp base plate 1034b rotation ball 103b in groove 1030c and 1034c, do not advance substantially.

[00162] Figure 69 shows the cross sectional drawing (along the datum line A-A shown in Figure 63) of ball ramp brake system 1020 under the engagement state.Shown in Figure 69, when when applying magnetization current for coil 1038 to produce magnetic field, magnetic flux flow is through shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination and armature 1034 and produce cylindrical closed magnetic circuit 1040 (for example loop checking installation).Magnetic circuit 1040 can make armature 1034 engage with shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination, and can resist the shearing motion between armature 1034 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 1026 substantially.

[00163] be under the situation of engagement state at armature 1034 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1026, axle 1028 and/or ramp top board 1030 any rotations of attempting can impelling ball 1036 are along groove 1030c and 1034c advances and along the ramp 1030d of groove 1030c and/or 1034c and 1034d upwards.By drive ball 1036 along the ramp 1030d of groove 1030c and/or 1034c and 1034d upwards simultaneously ramp base plate 1034b (being armature 1034) still keep static, just can between armature 1034 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1026, apply clamping load, because ball 1036 is attempted to increase distance between ramp base plate 1034b and the ramp top board 1030 during towards ball 1036 and armature 1034 bias voltage ramp top boards 1030 at wave spring 1032a.

[00164] the remanent magnetism rotation load that between armature 1034 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1026, produces, braking force (for example, the rotation drag) can be provided, and the total braking force of brake system 1020 can be increased by the ball ramp structure 1039 clamping load that provide.In certain embodiments, reduce, and can not produce the braking force that reduces of brake system 1020 by the ball ramp structure 1039 clamping load tolerable armature 1034 that provide and/or the size and/or the weight of shell unshakable in one's determination 1026.For example, the clamping load that is provided by 3 degree ramps, angle can provide and allow the mechanical advantage of ball ramp system increase about 19 times clamping load.Total braking force can rotate load relevant (for example, greater than mechanical advantage and remanent magnetism rotation load sum) with mechanical advantage and remanent magnetism.

[00165] in certain embodiments, the ramp 1030d of groove 1030c and 1034c and the variable-angleization of 1034d are so that change the clamping load that produces, and, in certain embodiments, the angle of ramp 1030d and 1034d is more little, and the clamping load of generation is just big more.

[00166] in order to discharge ball ramp brake system 1020, the polarity of magnetization current is (being demagnetizing current) and impose on coil 1038 oppositely, so that the material degaussing of armature 1034 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1026.Wave spring 1032a can provide axial force or load, and it can impel ramp base plate 1034b and ramp top board 1030 (that is, ball 1036 can be moved back into center position downwards along ramp 1030d and 1034d) aligned with each other rotatably.

[00167] in addition, in certain embodiments, ball ramp brake system 1020 can comprise manual release mechanism, and it can increase the air gap between armature 1034 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 1026, and therefore, disconnects closed magnetic circuit 1040.

[00168] above-mentioned remanent magnetism ball ramp brake system 1020 can be used in the various systems.For example, brake system 1020 can be used in steering column locking system, steering column and/or vehicle seat position regulating system, tire brake system (for example parking brake system), driving system, differential lock system, adjustable vehicle suspension system and/or car door or the case cabin latch system (for example, step-less adjustment limiting device).Ball ramp brake system 1020 also can be used as clutch system,, when producing remanent magnetism power between shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination and armature 1034, allows that shell 1026 unshakable in one's determination moves with armature 1034 that is.

[00169] above-mentioned remanent magnetism rotation brake and blocking device can be used on and be different from above-mentioned those the various systems and application scenario.For example, above-mentioned remanent magnetism brake equipment, remanent magnetism blocking device and remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance can be used for handling rear deck or baggage container lock bolt and auxiliary lock bolt such as oil filling port lock bolt, glove box lock bolt and control desk lock bolt.Remanent magnetism braking, locking and/or rotation closing appliance also can be used for handling door latch, sash bar, hood lock latch, chair mechanism (for example inclination angle and linear seat and headrest positions regulating control), door opening degree limiting device, clutch engagement actuator and steering handwheel position control.

[00170] functional inclination angle and the linear system of also may be used on that provides by rotation brake system 140.In certain embodiments, the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism can comprise with the attached shell unshakable in one's determination of usually motionless element or panel (for example vehicle frame or body panel, doorframe, control desk or railway carriage, luggage tank tower, hood frame, window-frame, seat etc.) and with moving element or the attached armature of panel (car door that for example enters the mouth, refill opening gate, glove box door, control desk or object keeping box door, combination body top, spare tyre crank, luggage-boot lid, rear door, hood, vehicle window, headrest etc.).When producing remanent magnetism power, the armature on the moving element can remain on the shell unshakable in one's determination on the framework, so that moving element is locked onto on the motionless element.The position of shell unshakable in one's determination and armature is interchangeable, make that shell unshakable in one's determination and moving element are attached, and armature and motionless element is attached.

[00171] as shown in figure 18, in certain embodiments, axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism or hill holder 160 can have annular or cylindrical configurations.The axial lock bolt 160 of remanent magnetism can comprise armature 161, shell unshakable in one's determination 162, coil 163 and controller 164.The axial lock bolt 160 of remanent magnetism also can comprise the axle 165 that passes armature 162 and shell unshakable in one's determination 164.

[00172] the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism also can have the U-shaped structure.Figure 19 shows the axial lock bolt 170 of remanent magnetism with U-shaped structure, and it comprises armature 171, shell unshakable in one's determination 172, coil 173 and controller 174.The coil 173 of the axial lock bolt 170 of U-shaped remanent magnetism can be wound on around the base portion of shell 172 unshakable in one's determination, rather than is positioned at yoke or the groove of cylindrical shaft to the cylindrical core shell 162 of lock bolt 160.

[00173] the axial lock bolt 160 of remanent magnetism and 170 armature 161 and 171, shell unshakable in one's determination 162 and 172, coil 163 with 173 and controller 164 can be similar with 165 structure, performance and operation to shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and the armature 18 described in detail at steering column lock 12.

[00174] as shown in figure 20, cylindrical armature 161 and cylindrical core shell 162 tolerable parts pass armature 161 and shell unshakable in one's determination 162 such as axle 165.The cylindrical shape of armature 161 and shell unshakable in one's determination 162 can produce and be roughly columniform magnetic field 176, and it is configured to allow cylindrical armature 161 engage with cylindrical core shell 162.

[00175] as selection, as shown in figure 21, the U-shaped of the axial lock bolt 170 of remanent magnetism structure can produce more flat substantially rectangle magnetic field 178, and it is configured to allow linearity or clavate armature 171 engage with the top of U-iron heart shell 172.

[00176] cylindrical structure and U-shaped structure can comprise the armature of face area greater than corresponding shell interface area unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, the width and the length of shell 172 unshakable in one's determination can is longer than or be wider than to armature 171.For example, door opening can comprise than the long linear armature of length of corresponding shell unshakable in one's determination.Armature 171 or armature 161 also can have the overall shape that is different from shell 172 unshakable in one's determination or shell unshakable in one's determination 162.For example, cylindrical armature 161 can match with the U-iron heart shell 172 that is used for specific residual magnetic devices.

[00177] in cylindrical structure and U-shaped structure, but whether controller 164 or controller 174 detected activity elements roughly come close to or in contact with motionless element.Controller 164 or controller 174 can flow to the magnetization current pulse coil 163 or coil 173, so that armature 161 locks onto shell 162 unshakable in one's determination or make armature 171 lock onto shell 172 unshakable in one's determination, so that make moving element remain to motionless element.Under the situation of axial lock bolt 160 of remanent magnetism or axial lock bolt 170 lockings of remanent magnetism, moving element can not move with respect to motionless element substantially.

[00178] in order to discharge lock bolt, can provide remote access switch or releasing mechanism.In case this switch or mechanism are activated, controller 164 or controller 174 provide demagnetizing current can for coil 163 or coil 173, so that untie armature 161 or untie armature 171 from shell 172 unshakable in one's determination from shell 162 unshakable in one's determination.When the axial lock bolt 160 of remanent magnetism or the axial lock bolt 170 of remanent magnetism were untied, moving element can move with respect to motionless element once more.

[00179] in certain embodiments, armature 161 and 171 can towards with pivot away from shell 162 unshakable in one's determination and 172.As shown in figure 22, the axial lock bolt 170a of remanent magnetism can comprise armature 171a, its can be on pivotal point 179a towards with pivot away from shell 172a unshakable in one's determination.Figure 22 shows the armature 171a that engages with shell 172a unshakable in one's determination.

[00180] Figure 23 shows with shell 172a disengaging unshakable in one's determination and around pivotal point 179a and pivots away from the armature 171a of shell 172a unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, biased element 180a impels armature 171a to pivot away from shell 172a unshakable in one's determination.Biased element 180a can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00181] Figure 24 shows the axial lock bolt 170b of remanent magnetism according to an embodiment of the invention.The lock bolt 181b that the axial lock bolt 170b of remanent magnetism can comprise armature 171b, shell 172b unshakable in one's determination, coil 173b, biased element 180b and have lock bolt projection 182b.Figure 25 shows the lateral plan of the axial lock bolt 170b of remanent magnetism.As shown in figure 25, lock bolt 181b can comprise input mechanism 183b.Input mechanism 183b can be applied in application force so that lock bolt 181b rotates around lock bolt pivotal point 184b.In certain embodiments, input mechanism 183b can connect with lid, grip handle or other moving element (not shown).By removable cover, grip handle or moving element, apply manual force can for input mechanism 183b.

[00182], can make lock bolt 181b rotation in order to untie the axial lock bolt 170b of remanent magnetism.In certain embodiments, the rotate path of lock bolt 181b makes the central authorities that lock bolt projection 182b moved down and passed through U-iron heart shell 172b.But, when shell 172b unshakable in one's determination engaged with armature 171b, lock bolt 181b can not rotate, because the rotate path of lock bolt 181b is subjected to the inhibition of armature 171b position.In certain embodiments, under armature 171b and situation that shell 172b unshakable in one's determination engages, lock bolt 181b can not rotate and make lock bolt projection 182b and U-iron heart shell 172b disengaging.

[00183] in order to untie the axial lock bolt 170b of remanent magnetism, armature 171b can break away from shell 172b unshakable in one's determination and pivot around pivotal point 179b, to allow lock bolt 181b rotation and to make the 182b swing of lock bolt projection and break away from and the contacting of shell 171b unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, biased element 180b can impel armature 171b to pivot and break away from and the contacting of shell 172b unshakable in one's determination.Biased element 180b can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00184] Figure 26 shows the axial lock bolt 170b of remanent magnetism that lock bolt 181b unties from shell 172b unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, under the situation that lock bolt 181b unties from shell 172b unshakable in one's determination, door, lid or other moving element are removable, and inlet, case cabin or other motionless element can enter, such as building, glove box or luggage of vehicle.

[00185] Figure 27 shows the axial lock bolt 170c of remanent magnetism in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 27, the axial lock bolt 170c of remanent magnetism can comprise armature 171c, shell 172c unshakable in one's determination and coil 173c.In certain embodiments, armature 171c can pivot on pivotal point 179c.The axial lock bolt 170c of remanent magnetism also can comprise biased element 180c, the rotor lock bolt 181c and linked system or the 185c of mechanism that have lock bolt projection 182c that rotate on pivotal point 184c.In certain embodiments, link gear 185c can comprise toggle link, and it couples together armature 171c and shell 172c unshakable in one's determination and rotor lock bolt 181c.Link gear 185c can give armature 171c with the Motion Transmission of rotor lock bolt 181c.Link gear 185c can pivot on pivotal point 186c.

[00186] Figure 27 shows armature 171c with the axial lock bolt 170c of remanent magnetism under remanent magnetism power and the engagement state that shell 172c unshakable in one's determination engages.In certain embodiments, rotor lock bolt 181c comprises the 187c of release portion of receivability striker or lance 188c.Lance 188c can connect with door, lid, other moving element or motionless element.Under engagement state, rotor lock bolt 181c can remain under the lock-out state, and this has prevented that lance 188c from getting loose and has prevented that moving element from moving.

[00187] for lance 188c is discharged from the 187c of release portion, 181c is rotatable for the rotor lock bolt.When rotor lock bolt 181c rotated, lock bolt projection 182c can impel link gear 185c rotation or pivot.When link gear 185c rotated or be mobile, link gear 185c can impel armature 171c to move.When armature 171c engaged with shell 172c unshakable in one's determination, armature 171c can not move.Therefore, link gear 185c and rotor lock bolt 181c can not rotate or pivot.

[00188] as shown in figure 28, armature 171c can break away from shell 172c unshakable in one's determination, and armature 171c can pivot around pivotal point 179c.Armature 171c can pivot and allow link gear 185c and rotor lock bolt 181c rotation.Lance 188c applies tension force can for rotor lock bolt 181c, and this just when allowing that rotor lock bolt 181c moves, can impel rotor lock bolt 181c to rotate to open position.The open position of rotor lock bolt 181c can discharge lance 188c, and the moving element that connects with lance 188c is removable.

[00189] in certain embodiments, after lance 188c discharged, the axial lock bolt 170c of remanent magnetism can reset.By supplying with magnetization current for coil 173c, armature 171c can rejoin with shell 172c unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, biased element 180c can impel armature 171c to pivot towards shell 172c unshakable in one's determination.Biased element 180c can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00190] Figure 29 shows the axial lock bolt 170c of the remanent magnetism that resets.Under the situation that the axial lock bolt 170c of remanent magnetism resets, rotor lock bolt 181c receivability lance 188c.When rotor lock bolt 181c admitted lance 188c, the power of lance 188c can allow rotor lock bolt 181c rotate back into off position, as shown in figure 27.In certain embodiments, the toggle link of link gear 185c is swing open freely, and 181c rotates to off position shown in Figure 27 up to the rotor lock bolt.In certain embodiments, lock bolt projection 182c can stop the rotation of rotor lock bolt 181c on open position.

[00191] Figure 30 shows the axial lock bolt 170d of remanent magnetism in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 30, the axial lock bolt 170d of remanent magnetism can comprise armature 171d, shell 172d unshakable in one's determination and coil 173d.In certain embodiments, armature 171d can rotate on pivotal point 179d.Rotor lock bolt 181d and the link gear 185d of the protruding 182d of door bolt with lock that the axial lock bolt 170d of remanent magnetism also can comprise biased element 180d, rotate on pivotal point 184d.In certain embodiments, link gear 185d comprises the pawl that armature 171d and shell 172d unshakable in one's determination and rotor lock bolt 181d are linked up.Link gear 185d can pivot on pivotal point 186d.

[00192] Figure 30 shows armature 171d with the axial lock bolt 170d of remanent magnetism under remanent magnetism power and the engagement state that shell 172d unshakable in one's determination engages.In certain embodiments, rotor lock bolt 181d comprises the 187d of release portion of receivability striker or lance 188d.Lance 188d can connect with the moving element or the motionless element of grip handle, lid and so on.Under engagement state, rotor lock bolt 181d can remain under the lock-out state, and this has prevented that lance 188d from getting loose, and has therefore prevented that moving element from moving.

[00193] for lance 188d is discharged from the 187d of release portion, 181d is rotatable for the rotor lock bolt.When rotor lock bolt 181d rotated, lock bolt projection 182d attempted rotation and can impel link gear 185d rotation or pivot.Link gear 185d can rotate around pivotal point 186d.When link gear 185d rotated, link gear 185d can attempt to impel armature 171d around pivotal point 179d pivot and away from shell 172d unshakable in one's determination.But, when armature 171d engaged with shell 172d unshakable in one's determination, armature 171d can not pivot, and therefore, link gear 185d and rotor lock bolt 181d can not rotate.

[00194] as shown in figure 31, armature 171d can break away from shell 172d unshakable in one's determination and can pivot around pivotal point 179d.Armature 171d can pivot to allow link gear 185d and rotor lock bolt 181d rotation.Rotor lock bolt 181d can be rotated to open position so that discharge lance 188d.

[00195] in certain embodiments, open and after lance 188d discharged, the axial lock bolt 170d of remanent magnetism can reset at rotor lock bolt 181d.By supplying with magnetization current for coil 173d, armature 171d can engage with shell 172d unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, biased element 180d can impel link gear 185d to rotate to reset position.The rotation of link gear 185d can impel armature 171d to pivot towards shell 172d unshakable in one's determination.Biased element 180d can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00196] Figure 32 shows the axial lock bolt 170d of the remanent magnetism that resets.By allowing the axial lock bolt 170d of remanent magnetism reset, rotor lock bolt 181d can be shown in an open position, and makes rotor lock bolt 181d receivability lance 188d.In certain embodiments, admit the power of lance 188d can impel rotor lock bolt 181d to rotate back into off position.Lock bolt projection 182d can stop the rotation of rotor lock bolt 181d on off position.

[00197] Figure 33 shows the axial lock bolt 170e of another remanent magnetism according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 33, the axial lock bolt 170e of remanent magnetism can comprise armature 171e, shell 172e unshakable in one's determination and coil 173e.Rotor lock bolt 181e and the link gear 185e of the protruding 182e of door bolt with lock that the axial lock bolt 170e of remanent magnetism also can comprise biased element 180e, rotate on pivotal point 184e.In certain embodiments, rotor lock bolt 181e comprises the 187e of release portion of receivability striker or lance 188e.Under engagement state, rotor lock bolt 181e can remain under the lock-out state, prevents that lance 188e from discharging.

[00198] link gear 185e can couple together shell 172e unshakable in one's determination and rotor lock bolt 181e.Link gear 185e can comprise the cotter way 191e that admits pin 192e.Pin 192e can connect with armature 171e.Cotter way 191e also can comprise pin biased element 193e, and it impels cotter way 191e to keep contacting with pin 192e.Pin biased element 193e can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00199] in certain embodiments, it is motionless that armature 171e is mounted to basic fixed, coil 173e be wound on armature 171e around.Shell 172e unshakable in one's determination can around pivotal point 189e towards with pivot away from armature 171e.In certain embodiments, when shell 172e unshakable in one's determination pivoted, link gear 185e can or move around pin 192e slip.Link gear 185e slidably or move and engage or catch lock bolt projection 182e.

[00200] Figure 33 shows shell 172e unshakable in one's determination with the axial lock bolt 170e of remanent magnetism under remanent magnetism power and the engagement state that armature 171e engages.In order to discharge lance 188e from the 187e of release portion, 181e is rotatable for the rotor lock bolt.When rotor lock bolt 181e rotated, lock bolt projection 182e impelled link gear 185e rotation.But, when shell 172e unshakable in one's determination engaged with armature 171e, link gear 185e can not slide and/or rotate, and therefore, rotor lock bolt 181e can not rotate.

[00201] as shown in figure 34, under the situation of shell 172e unshakable in one's determination and armature 171e disengaging, shell 172e unshakable in one's determination can pivot on pivotal point 189e, moves around pin 192e or slides so that allow link gear 185e, and make link gear 185e and rotor lock bolt 181e disengaging.Rotor lock bolt 181e can rotate to open position subsequently so that discharge lance 188e.

[00202] in certain embodiments, open and after lance 188e discharged, the axial lock bolt 170e of remanent magnetism can reset at rotor lock bolt 181e.By supplying with magnetization current for coil 173e, shell 172e unshakable in one's determination can rejoin with armature 171e.Biased element 180e can impel shell 172e unshakable in one's determination to pivot towards armature 171e around pivotal point 189e.Biased element 180e can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.

[00203] in certain embodiments, biased element 190e can impel link gear 185e to slide back or be moved back into as shown in figure 35 reset position.Biased element 190e can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.Figure 35 shows the axial lock bolt 170e of remanent magnetism of reset position.By allowing the axial lock bolt 170e of remanent magnetism reset, rotor lock bolt 181e can admit lance 188e once more and can rotate back into off position.Lock bolt projection 182e can stop the rotation of rotor lock bolt 181e at the off position that is close to link gear 185e.

[00204] as Figure 24-35 description and illustrating, the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism can provide blocking force indirectly by link gear or system.In certain embodiments, the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism can use remanent magnetism power to engage armature and shell unshakable in one's determination as a non-body component of locking mechanism such as rotor lock bolt.The axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism also can directly provide blocking force by allowing remanent magnetism parts and locking mechanism become one.In certain embodiments, the axial lock bolt of the remanent magnetism of one can comprise shell unshakable in one's determination that connects with motionless element and the armature that connects with moving element.The remanent magnetism lockout mechanism also can become one with shell unshakable in one's determination or armature such as the rotor lock bolt, with the axial lock bolt of the remanent magnetism that one is provided.

[00205] the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism can comprise and axially moves apart shell unshakable in one's determination, pivots away from shell unshakable in one's determination and/or slip over the armature of shell unshakable in one's determination linearly.

[00206] above-mentioned residual magnetic devices also can provide step-less adjustment door opening degree caging system, and wherein car door can lock and remain on unlimited position when opening or closing.When can or closing at car door opening, shell unshakable in one's determination and armature still keeps closing relationship substantially.In certain embodiments, controller can be monitored the motion of car door.When car door keeps motionless or does not have application force to impose on car door with schedule time amount, controller can produce the magnetization pulse in case between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination generation remanent magnetism power, with door locked on its current location.Controller also can detect power or the torque that imposes on car door.When detecting power or torque (this expression user wants to open, close or change the position of car door), controller can produce demagnetizing current to reduce or to eliminate remanent magnetism power substantially and separate the position that locks door.

[00207] on the vehicle seats that the function of step-less adjustment door opening degree caging system also may be used on moving along seat slide.Shell unshakable in one's determination can connect with seat slide, and armature can connect with the vehicle seats that moves along seat slide.When having remanent magnetism power between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, vehicle seats may be locked on certain position of seat slide.In certain embodiments, the situation that controller can detect user's lifting lever or press the button, and can produce demagnetizing current to reduce or to eliminate remanent magnetism power substantially.But demagnetizing current release vehicle seats is to allow the user along seat slide Trolley seat.Under the situation of seat unlocked, the user can select the position of vehicle seats.But the user also trip lever, press the button or on desirable position, keep the vehicle seats predetermined amount of time, cause controller transmission magnetization current.Magnetization current can produce remanent magnetism power between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, so that vehicle seats is locked on its current location.Except linear seat position control system, the seat position control system also can be used for providing step-less adjustment seat location, inclination angle.In addition, utilize the seat position control system to provide and also can be used for the adjusting of resting the head on to regulate seat function linear and incident angle.

[00208] in another embodiment of the present invention, (" inclination ") position, the inclination angle of the steering handwheel that connects with vehicle and/or telescopic location can utilize the inclination angle stepless regulating system to regulate.By with shell unshakable in one's determination and instrument carrier panel or other not dynamic component connect and armature connected with steering column assembly or steering-wheel spindle, otherwise perhaps, the inclination angle of steering handwheel and/or telescopic location scalable and be locked in subsequently on endless position are so that provide more customized position to the user.

[00209] the remanent magnetism brake system of several embodiment can be used for drawing movable part and/or keeping movable part motionless with respect to dynamic component not according to the present invention.The remanent magnetism clutch system also can design according to several embodiments of the present invention.Arrangement of clutch can be considered to the particular type of drg.Brake equipment can comprise ground engaging component and movable part.When brake equipment starts, ground engaging component and movable part mutual action and make movable part ground connection.Equally, arrangement of clutch can comprise movable part and dynamic component not.Dynamic component is not said so motionless unlike movable part at it on the natural or independent meaning that moves.Compare with brake equipment, the not dynamic component of arrangement of clutch is earth-free.When power-transfer clutch started, movable part was with dynamic component mutual action not and make that dynamic component is not mobile as movable part.

[00210] Figure 36 shows remanent magnetism clutch system 194 according to some embodiments of the invention.Clutch system 194 can comprise first element 195, shell unshakable in one's determination 196, second element 197 and armature 198.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 198, shell unshakable in one's determination 196 and/or coil (not shown), performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and the coil 22 described at steering column lock 12.Clutch system 194 also can comprise the controller (not shown) of describing at steering column lock 12.

[00211] shell 196 unshakable in one's determination can connect with first element 195, and such first element 195 just moves with shell 196 unshakable in one's determination.Armature 198 can connect with second element 197, and such second element 197 just moves with armature 198.Second element 197 also can be close to first element 195 or relatively very close first element 195.In certain embodiments, second element 197 can move linearly along datum line 199.Second element 197 can be linearly, rotatably, obliquely, axially move and/or be any combination of these motions.

[00212] as shown in figure 36, under the situation of no remanent magnetism power between shell 196 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 198, second element 197 freely moves, and first element 195 is motionless.First element 195 can be independent of that second element 197 moves rather than be motionless substantially.As shown in figure 37, when between shell 196 unshakable in one's determination and armature 198, producing remanent magnetism power by supplying with magnetization current to the coil (not shown), armature 198 can be attracted to shell 196 unshakable in one's determination and first element 195 can contact with second element 197, so first element 195 moves with second element 197.Figure 36 A and 37A show an embodiment of the idle running steering column lock of the General Principle manipulation that illustrates and describe according to Figure 36 and 37.In one embodiment, armature 198a can connect with steering tube axis of a cylinder 197a, and shell 196a unshakable in one's determination can connect with steering column 195a and/or vehicle.In another embodiment, armature 198a can connect with steering column 195a and/or vehicle, and shell 196a unshakable in one's determination can connect with steering tube axis of a cylinder 197a.When having remanent magnetism power between armature 198a and the shell 196a unshakable in one's determination, steering tube axis of a cylinder 197a rotates (that is steering column release) with steering handwheel.When not having remanent magnetism power between armature 198a and the shell 196a unshakable in one's determination, steering tube axis of a cylinder 197a and steering handwheel are with respect to steering column 195a and/or idling of vehicle (that is steering column locking).Idle running steering column lock also can be included in the pin between armature 198a and the shell 196a unshakable in one's determination or the aligning parts of other type, so that allow steering handwheel correctly aim at steering column.

[00213] in certain embodiments, second element 197 can connect with motor, and first element 195 can comprise the takeoff output annex.By produce remanent magnetism power between shell 196 unshakable in one's determination and armature 198, the takeoff output annex can connect with motor, so the takeoff output annex just rotates with the output shaft of motor.In certain embodiments, first element 195 can comprise the takeoff output annex that connects with a/c system.When the takeoff output annex connected with the output shaft of motor by clutch system 194, a/c system (for example compressor and/or condenser) can move.When remanent magnetism power did not exist, the takeoff output annex no longer connected with the output shaft of motor, and a/c system does not rerun.

[00214] in other embodiments, clutch system 194 can comprise the parts of one or more doors or case cabin lock bolt.First element 195 can comprise grip handle, and second element 197 can comprise bolt.When not having remanent magnetism power between shell 196 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 198, grip handle and bolt do not connect.The motion that imposes on grip handle does not pass to bolt, and door also just can not be opened.In certain embodiments, grip handle and bolt can separate when door locked.When having remanent magnetism power between armature 198 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 196, grip handle can connect with bolt.The motion of grip handle can pass to bolt subsequently.

[00215] clutch system 194 can comprise the parts of one or more steering column locking systems or device.First element 195 can comprise steering handwheel, and second element 197 can comprise steering shaft.When not having remanent magnetism power between shell 196 unshakable in one's determination and the armature 198, steering handwheel and steering shaft do not connect.In other embodiments, the steering tube axis of a cylinder can utilize remanent magnetism power to lock onto the steering column housing, but and spring loaded discharge with in correct orientation and steering handwheel interlock.The motion that imposes on steering handwheel does not pass to steering shaft.In certain embodiments, steering handwheel and steering shaft can separate when steering column locks.When having remanent magnetism power between armature 198 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 196, steering handwheel can connect with steering shaft.The motion of steering handwheel can pass to steering shaft subsequently.

The effect of [00216] first element 195 and second element 197 is convertible.Do not had remanent magnetism power, first element 195 can move when second element 197 is motionless.

[00217] Figure 74 and Figure 75 illustrate according to another embodiment of the present invention remanent magnetism clutch system 1000.This clutch system 1000 can comprise armature 1002, shell unshakable in one's determination 1004, coil 1006 and axle 1008.In certain embodiments, structure, characteristic and the operation of armature 1002, shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 and/or coil 1006 are to similar with coil 22 about steering column lock 12 described armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20.Clutch system 1000 also can comprise about steering column lock 12 described controller (not shown).

[00218] in certain embodiments, shell 1006 unshakable in one's determination can be connected to the first element (not shown), so that this first element is along with shell 1006 unshakable in one's determination moves (for example rotatably and/or translation ground); And armature 1002 can be connected to the second element (not shown), so that armature 1002 is along with second element moves (for example rotatably and/or translation ground).Shell 1006 unshakable in one's determination and armature 1002 can move (for example rotation) with respect to axle 1008, and axle 1008 can be installed on the motionless basically object.

[00219] Figure 74 illustrates the exploded drawings of clutch system 1000.Shown in Figure 74, coil 1006 can be wound on the axle 1008, so that coil 1006 and axle 1008 are motionless basically.The lead 1006a of coil 1006 can pass the inner chamber 1010 of axle 1008 and arrive controller.By coil 1006 being attached on the motionless basically axle 1008, coil 1006 needn't move along with shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, make coil along with shell unshakable in one's determination moves the complexity and the cost that move and/or increase residual magnetic devices that (for example rotating) can limit shell unshakable in one's determination, because the lead of coil also need be along with coil moves.In certain embodiments, Ang Gui slip ring can be used for allowing coil along with shell unshakable in one's determination moves.

[00220] still, under the axle 1008 and the motionless basically situation of coil 1006 of clutch system 1000, shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination can be independent of coil 1006 and move, and therefore can move bigger distance (for example revolution) basically, and need not expensive coil connector for dynamoelectric.

[00221] in certain embodiments, by maintaining this load under the situation of electric power applying magnetic load between armature 1002 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 and do not have in remnant magnetism state, clutch system 1000 can be used for being coupled or the moving of synchronous first element and second element (for example rotation or translation).For example, remanent magnetism load can be set up by giving coil 1006 pulse currents, will connect the shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and first element with the armature 1002 and second element like this, so that they move together.

[00222] Figure 75 a illustrates the clutch system 1000 that is in disengaged position.Shown in Figure 75 a, between shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and armature 1002, do not have under the situation of remanent magnetism power, armature 1002 can move along with second element, and does not influence the shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and first element.In certain embodiments, when clutch system 1000 was in disengaged position, the shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and first element also can be independent of armature 1002 and second element moves.

[00223] Figure 75 b illustrates the clutch system 1000 that is in engagement state.Shown in Figure 75 b, when producing remanent magnetism power by supplying with magnetization current to coil 1006 between shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and armature 1002, armature 1002 is attracted along axle 1008 and contacts with shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination, and engages with shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination.The remanent magnetism load that is produced just allows the shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and first element along with the armature 1002 and second element move.

[00224] Figure 76 illustrates the cross sectional drawing (along 76 interceptings of the datum line shown in Figure 75 b) of the clutch system 1000 that is in engagement state.Shown in Figure 76, the heart 1012 that axle 1008 can be used as shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination, as top about Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 described.Thereby magnetic flow flows through the yoke 1016 of unfaithful intention 1014, shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 of armature 1002, shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 and the heart 1012 of the shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 that formed by axle 1008.This magnetic flow has formed the cylindrical closed magnetic circuit 1018 that armature 1002 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 are locked together.

[00225] in certain embodiments, armature 1002 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1004 also can comprise one or more top about remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 78 described motion-stopping structures.Motion-stopping structure can impel armature 1004 axially to move away shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination, for example before armature 1002 can significantly rotatablely move.In certain embodiments, motion-stopping structure can be included at least one groove on the shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and at least one the cooresponding projection on armature 1002.

[00226] for releasing clutch system 1000, can be with the pole reversal (being demagnetizing current) of magnetization current, and impose on coil 1006, so that the material degaussing of armature 1002 and shell unshakable in one's determination 1004.

[00227] in addition, in certain embodiments, clutch system 1000 can comprise manual release mechanism, and this manual release mechanism can increase the air gap between armature 1002 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 1004, and therefore disconnects closed magnetic circuit 1018.

[00228] as above described about Figure 36,37,36a and 37a, be included in the various parts that first element in the clutch system 1000 and second element can comprise various systems and device.In certain embodiments, first element and second element can comprise the gear or the plate of rotation.For example, first element can comprise primary mover, and motor for example, second element can comprise the required object that will be moved by this primary mover.Above first element and second element also can comprise about shown in Figure 36 a and the 37a and the parts of described idle running steering column lock.In other embodiments, second element can be connected to motor, and first element can comprise the takeoff output annex.In further embodiments, clutch system 1000 can comprise the parts of one or more doors or case cabin lock bolt.For example, clutch system 1000 can comprise one or more parts of electric trunk lid mechanism, and clutch system 1000 is broken away from this electric trunk lid mechanism and luggage-boot lid are broken away from, thereby can allow luggage-boot lid manually to be opened and/or close.Clutch system 1000 also can comprise one or more parts of steering column locking system or device.The effect of shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and first element and the armature 1002 and second element is also convertible, and wherein remanent magnetism power makes the armature 1002 and second element along with the shell 1004 unshakable in one's determination and first element move.

[00229] remanent magnetism actuator or the variable reluctance torque actuated device that especially has a remanent magnetism lock bolt can design according to several embodiments of the present invention.The torque actuated device can use remanent magnetism power to make first element with respect to second movement of objects.In certain embodiments, the torque actuated device can have the shape of solenoid type, and first element (being mobiles) can have the solenoid type core that moves in the tubular actuator of helical.Variable reluctance torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can be used for comprising that the vehicle of bolt, rear deck or baggage container lock bolt and hood lock latch does not have the power lock bolt release of key and passive entrance system.Torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can be used in bumper and other suspension adjusting parts.Torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can be used in the eye-splice bolt.The eye-splice bolt can comprise biased element such as spring, and it compresses when opening the door.But the torque actuated device release spring with remanent magnetism lock bolt is to close the door.Torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can be used in steering column locking system and the device.In certain embodiments, the steering column locking system can comprise cam or locking bolt, and it can be moved in the steering shaft by the torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt, so steering handwheel just can not rotate.Torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can be included in the navigation operating control, and its most of load or power can produce from main load supporting device such as wind spring power-transfer clutch, claw clutch and many plates friction clutch or ball ramp power-transfer clutch.Parts with torque actuated device of remanent magnetism lock bolt can be between load and main load supporting device, to transmit the load of main load supporting device.

[00230] Figure 38 shows the variable reluctance torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt 200.In certain embodiments, the torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt 200 can be used in latch system and/or the lock bolt delivery system.Torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can comprise armature 202, shell unshakable in one's determination 204, coil 206, two backstops 208 unshakable in one's determination, biased element 210 (for example, one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams) and controllers 212.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 202, shell unshakable in one's determination 204, coil 206 and/or controller 212, performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and the controller 24 described at steering column lock 12.In certain embodiments, coil 206 and shell unshakable in one's determination 204 can be U-shaped, as top Figure 18-21 at the embodiment that the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism is shown illustrate and as described in.

[00231] as shown in figure 38, when remanent magnetism power did not exist, armature 202 did not engage with shell 204 unshakable in one's determination, and armature 202 does not contact backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination.Biased element 210 can provide the biasing force that prevents that armature 202 and shell 204 unshakable in one's determination from engaging when remanent magnetism power does not exist.Torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt 200 can integrated basically two magnetic circuits: torque actuated device loop and remanent magnetism locked loop.In certain embodiments, these two magnetic circuits can use coil 206 that armature 202 is driven into closed remanent magnetism locked position of coupler shown in Figure 40 from open position shown in Figure 38.Described magnetic circuit can use different magnetic air gaps in the operation of torque actuated device.For example, torque actuated device magnetic circuit can use magnetic air gap 208a, and the remanent magnetism locked loop can use magnetic air gap 208b.Magnetic air gap 208b can form when armature 202 is in the closed position, as shown in figure 40.In certain embodiments, magnetic air gap 208a keeps constant in the whole rotating distance of armature 202, and magnetic air gap 208b changes to when armature 202 contacts with backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination armature 202 minimum size when in the closed position from the upperlimit of armature 202 when the open position.Magnetic air gap 208a is about 0.002 inch, and magnetic air gap 208b is about 0.005 inch.

[00232] the big I of air gap 208a and 208b guides magnetic flux in the operation of torque actuated device.For example, in the rotary-actuated operating process of torque actuated device, air gap 208a is the air gap of minimum and resistance minimum.Therefore, most loop flux flow is through magnetic air gap 208a.Equally, when armature 202 lockings, as shown in figure 40, air gap 208b is minimum air gap.Therefore, the most loop magnetic flow air gap 208b that will flow through.The armature 202 of torque actuated device changes magnetic resistance or the magnetic conductance of air gap 208b when it moves, and mechanical force or torque produce by magneto-resistive change.When armature 202 during near backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination, along with flux path changes to air gap 208b from air gap 208a, armature 202 can continue to quicken, and along with air gap 208b diminishes, drawbar load has increased the inverse square of distance.

[00233] as shown in figure 39, when magnetization current imposed on coil 206 by controller 212, coil 206 had produced direction and path magnetic field 230 indicated by the arrow.Should be appreciated that the direction in magnetic field is relevant with the magnetization current direction that imposes on coil 206.Magnetic field 230 also can be produced as on reversing sense shown in Figure 39 flows.In certain embodiments, the path (being the path of air gap minimum) of minimum drag is followed in magnetic field 230.Can the resistance littler the pass through material of shell 204 unshakable in one's determination and armature 202 of magnetic field 230 than running resistance in air.In other words, little magnetic air gap and basic closed magnetic circuit (as shown in figure 40) when changing to armature 202 and no longer rotate along with the big and fixing magnetic air gap (as shown in figure 39) of the magnetic air gap between armature 202 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 204 when armature 202 is rotating or begin to rotate between armature 202 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 204, magnetic field 230 can be changed between two integrated substantially magnetic loops.

[00234] when magnetic field 230 begins that armature 202 furthered the backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination of shell 204 unshakable in one's determination, armature 202 beginnings are around the pivotal point rotation and reduce air gap between armature 202 and the backstop unshakable in one's determination 208.Since the tangential component in magnetic field 230 and the magnetic resistance change rate of air gap 208a, armature 202 rotations.The motion of armature 202, speed and torque can with the magnetic conductance of the magnetization current size that offers coil 206, materials used and relevant in the speed that reduces with air gap 208b before backstop unshakable in one's determination contacts.When armature 202 kept motionless by backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination, the remanent magnetism power in the armature 202 increased with the form of torque, up to the material magnetic saturation of armature 202 and shell unshakable in one's determination 204.

[00235] rotation of armature 202 can be subject to backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination.When armature 202 remained against on the backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination, the loop had formed the closed magnetic circuit in the irreversible remanent magnetism of conduction ground setting magnetic field, and armature 202 lockings, as shown in figure 40.After armature 202 lockings, controller 212 can stop to apply magnetization current to coil 206.Armature 202 still is latched to shell 204 unshakable in one's determination by remanent magnetism power at backstop unshakable in one's determination 208 places.The magnetic field 230 locking point (that is, when armature 202 is run into backstop 208 unshakable in one's determination) of can flowing through is because locking point has been represented minimal air gap and therefore minimum drag is provided.

[00236] in order to untie torque actuated device and remanent magnetism lock bolt 200, remanent magnetism power can be offset by the magnetization current that controller 212 supplies to coil 206 by reverse.The direction that demagnetizing current makes magnetic field 230 oppositely and offset the residual magnetic flux density of shell 204 unshakable in one's determination and armature 202 materials.Figure 41 shows the demagnetizing current that supplies to coil 206 and the magnetic field 240 of generation.When the residual flux level was offset, armature 202 freely rotated back into open position once more and breaks away from shell 204 unshakable in one's determination.Biased element 210 bias voltage armature 202 are to disengaging configuration shown in Figure 38.

[00237] in certain embodiments, remanent magnetism locking torque actuated device can be used for the inlet of vehicle or building.Grip handle can connect with shell 204 unshakable in one's determination, just can pass to shell 204 unshakable in one's determination so impose on the application force of grip handle.When armature 202 engages with shell 204 unshakable in one's determination or during locking, the application force that passes to shell 204 unshakable in one's determination can further pass to armature 202.

[00238] Figure 42 shows the torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt 300, and the door knob hand-power shown in arrow 302 imposes on it.Figure 42 shows the locking that armature 202 engages with shell 204 unshakable in one's determination or the remanent magnetism lock bolt 300 of the torque actuated device under the door released state.Be latched at armature 202 under the situation of shell 204 unshakable in one's determination, door knob hand-power 302 can make shell 204 unshakable in one's determination and armature 202 around public pivotal point 303 rotations.Armature 202 can cause armature 202 to engage with bolt ratchet 304 around the rotation of pivotal point 303, so that release or open door.

[00239] by contrast, Figure 43 show remanent magnetism lock bolt 300 untie or locked door condition under the torque actuated device, wherein armature 202 breaks away from shell 204 unshakable in one's determination.Door knob hand-power 302 only is delivered to the shell unshakable in one's determination 204 of rotation on pivotal point 303.But, door knob hand-power 302 does not pass to armature 202.Under armature 202 non-rotary situations, bolt ratchet 304 can not be engaged with release or open door.

[00240] the torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt 300 can be used in the passive inlet access system.When the pulling grip handle, just start approval.If approval enters, armature 202 just can be latched to shell 204 unshakable in one's determination at backstop unshakable in one's determination 208 places, and armature 202 can contact bolt ratchet 304 so that release or open door.

[00241] the torque actuated device with remanent magnetism lock bolt can be included in the locking device and system of several embodiment according to the present invention.Figure 44 shows the front elevation of gear transmission latch system 400.Gear train assembly 400 can comprise power-transfer clutch or ratchet 402 and rotor lock bolt 404.Ratchet 402 can rotate around pivotal point 406, and lock bolt 404 can be around pivotal point 408 rotations.In certain embodiments, ratchet 402 and lock bolt 404 can comprise one or more wheels tooth 412, and it is interlockable will rotate from a gear transmission to another gear.Lock bolt 404 also can comprise opening 416, and it is allowed that pin or lance 418 move or discharges from lock bolt 404.In certain embodiments, the pin or lance 418 can with the door (not shown) or other is opened or release mechanism connects such as luggage-boot lid or hood.The sport of grip handle is attempted along dashed path 419 moving pins or lance 418, thus and rotary latch 404.In certain embodiments, by release pin or lance 418, can separate lock a door or the device of other locking or locking such as rear deck or hood, so door, rear deck or hood just can be opened.

[00242] when gear train assembly 400 is in latched position, as shown in figure 44, because the position of release portion 416, pin or lance 418 just can not move along dashed path 419.For release pin or lance 418, lock bolt 404 can be aimed at dashed path 419 up to release portion 416 around pivotal point 408 rotations.As shown in figure 47, punctual with 419 pairs of dashed path when release portion 416, pin or lance 418 move freely to break away from and engage with lock bolt 404.

[00243] in certain embodiments, the rotation of its adjustable ratchet 402 and lock bolt 404 above being similar to, is described by remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 420 at vehicle ignition assembly 80.Figure 45 shows the cross sectional drawing (along datum line shown in Figure 44 45) that comprises the gear train assembly 400 that rotates closing appliance 420.Rotation closing appliance 420 can comprise shell 421 unshakable in one's determination, coil 422 and armature 424.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 424, shell unshakable in one's determination 421 and coil 422, performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and the coil 22 described at steering column lock 12.Rotation closing appliance 420 also can comprise the controller of describing at steering column lock 12.Rotation closing appliance 420 also can comprise lever or actuator 425.Lever 425 can provide manual release mechanism 47.In other embodiments, manual release mechanism 47 can comprise lifting bolt (illustrate and describe as Fig. 5).In other embodiment, manual release mechanism 47 can comprise cam or chock.Cam or chock can discharge structure with drag-line to be used.

[00244] Figure 45 shows the rotation closing appliance 420 under the lock-out state.Make armature 424 lock onto the magnetic field of shell 421 unshakable in one's determination by applying magnetization current for coil 422 with generation, rotation closing appliance 420 is locked.In case produce magnetic force and armature 424 suctions to shell 421 unshakable in one's determination, the magnetization current that imposes on coil 422 just no longer needs.

[00245] in certain embodiments, shell 421 unshakable in one's determination can be attached such as vehicle frame or doorframe with general motionless object.Be in the lock state following time when rotating closing appliance 420, armature 424 locks or engages with shell 421 unshakable in one's determination, and so can not move (i.e. rotation) with respect to shell 421 unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, armature 424 and ratchet 402 can comprise one or more hook tooths 426, and it can transmit the rotation between the ratchet 402 and armature 424 in one direction.When armature 424 locked onto on the shell 421 unshakable in one's determination and be limited rotation with respect to shell 421 unshakable in one's determination, ratchet 402 also had been limited rotation in one direction because of the cause of hook tooth 426.Equally, when ratchet 402 can not be mobile, lock bolt 404 can not move.Therefore, at rotation closing appliance 420 when being in latched position, pin or lance 418 be along the just failure of attempting to move of dashed path 419, because the rotation of lock bolt 404 and ratchet 402 can not pass to armature 424, armature 424 is locked or engage with shell 421 unshakable in one's determination.

[00246] in certain embodiments, armature 424 and shell unshakable in one's determination 421 also can comprise motion-stopping structure 430, and it has one or more groove 430a and one or more corresponding protruding 430b.Motion-stopping structure 430 can provide additional latching force.Even if armature 424 is with respect to shell 421 unshakable in one's determination slippage rotatably, still the axial force that need add overcomes motion-stopping structure 430 and moves protruding 430b and breaks away from and engage with groove 430a.

[00247] for release gear train assembly 400, by give coil 422 apply demagnetizing current make with armature 424 remain on the shell 421 unshakable in one's determination remanent magnetism power oppositely or cancellation.Figure 46 shows the cross sectional drawing of the gear train assembly 400 (along datum line shown in Figure 47 46) that comprises rotation closing appliance 420 under the released state.Under released state, armature 424 no longer locks or engages with shell 421 unshakable in one's determination and can be with respect to shell 421 rotation unshakable in one's determination.Under the situation that armature 424 rotates freely, ratchet 402 and lock bolt 404 are also rotatable.The attempting to move of pin or lance 418 causes lock bolt 404 rotation and the release portion 416 of lock bolt 404 aimed at the dashed path 419 of pin or lance 418.Pin or lance 418 can break away from lock bolt 404 subsequently.In certain embodiments, lock bolt 404 rotation open with arrival or unlocked position after, remnant field is renewable or reset so that armature 424 is rejoined with shell 421 unshakable in one's determination.Figure 47 shows the front elevation that release portion 416 is positioned to the gear train assembly 400 of release pin or lance 418.In certain embodiments, open the door by release pin 418.

[00248] in certain embodiments, after armature 424 and shell unshakable in one's determination 421 joints, rotation closing appliance 420 resets.When lock bolt 404 was positioned at open position, lock bolt 404 can be readmitted pin or lance 418.In certain embodiments, admitting the power of pin or lance 418 lock bolt 404 and ratchet 402 to be rotated to respect to armature 424 via the ratchet interlock closes or locked position of coupler.Hook tooth 426 prevents that lock bolt 404 and ratchet 402 from rotating back into open position when armature 424 engages with shell 421 unshakable in one's determination.Generally, in shell 421 unshakable in one's determination engaged, hook tooth 426 tolerable lock bolts 404 and ratchet 402 rotated to off position from open position at armature 424, and can prevent that lock bolt 404 and ratchet 402 from rotating to open position from off position.

[00249] in certain embodiments, ratchet 402 can connect with biased element 434.Biased element 434 can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.After lock bolt 404 discharged, biased element 434 can allow lock bolt 404 turn back to desired location (for example latched position) at pin or lance 418.The power of biased element 434 can cause ratchet 402 rotations and lock bolt is put in latched position for 404 times.In certain embodiments, also can use another biased element 434a to keep ratchet 402 to contact, just can between parts, not lose so rotatablely move with armature 424.

[00250] system shown in Figure 44-47 400 can provide the latch system of non-one.Describe at the axial lock bolt of remanent magnetism as top, latch system also can be by allowing in bolt lock mechanism and shell unshakable in one's determination and the armature at least one become one and breech lock power directly being provided.On the other hand, non-integrated lock bolt system can comprise link gear or system, and it is with the breech lock between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination or keep remanent magnetism power to be delivered to independently bolt lock mechanism such as rotor lock bolt.

[00251] Figure 48 shows the remanent magnetism rotation forbidden device that comprises with linked system 440 forms of the ratchet 402 of gangbar 450 interconnection and lock bolt 404.Gangbar 450 can utilize one or more fasteners 452 to be connected with lock bolt 404 with ratchet 402.Fastener 452 can comprise screw, bolt, rivet etc.In one embodiment, ratchet 402 can become one with the armature of residual magnetic devices.Ratchet 402 can be by power rotation or the driving from lance 418, this power rotary latch 404 and gangbar 450.Remanent magnetism rotation forbidden device illustrates with degaussing or disengaged position in Figure 48.When Dang Men, lid or moving element were closed, lance 418 can drive lock bolt 404, gangbar 450 and ratchet 402.When lance 418 beginning rotary latches 404, switch or sensor can be indicated the motion of lock bolt 404, and send signal to controller, apply magnetization current to give the coil of sharing in the shell unshakable in one's determination of same pivotal points with armature 402.When gangbar 450 had driven ratchet 402 to position shown in Figure 49, the retainer of armature can be fallen in the groove on the shell unshakable in one's determination, and the power that offers coil can be ended or sensor can determine that incident finishes and cut off coil power.Figure 49 shows armature under the engagement state and ratchet 402 shell magnetic attachment unshakable in one's determination.The load line 457 of gangbar 450 is general by pivotal point 406, and this has increased the remanent magnetism rotation widely and has prohibited the mechanical advantage of device.Retainer on the armature of ratchet 402, gangbar 450 and lock bolt 404 all can be loaded by door sealing load and pull back spring.When shell unshakable in one's determination and armature degaussing, lance 418 can discharge.Should be appreciated that gangbar 450 also can be connected with lock bolt 404 with ratchet 402, so that increase the breakaway force and the engaging force of lock bolt 404 under nearly eccentric (near-over-center) state.

[00252] Figure 50 shows the front elevation of latch system 460 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.In certain embodiments, latch system 460 can be used for locking or locking case cabin such as the baggage container of vehicle.Latch system 460 can comprise adapter plate 462.Adapter plate 462 can utilize one or more fastener 463 attached or be installed on case cabin frame or the vehicle frame.Fastener 463 can comprise screw, bolt, rivet etc.Adapter plate 462 also can comprise the opening 464 that is used to admit pin or lance 465.In certain embodiments, by release pin from opening 464 or lance 465, but release or open the case cabin.

[00253] latch system 460 can comprise armature 466 and rotor lock bolt 467.Armature 466 can rotate around pivotal point 468, and rotor lock bolt 467 can be around pivotal point 470 rotations.In certain embodiments, armature 466 can connect with rotor lock bolt 467 by ratchet or pawl clutch 472.Ratchet 472 can connect with armature 466 by fastener 473 (it can comprise bolt, screw, rivet etc.).In certain embodiments, ratchet 472 also can connect with rotor lock bolt 467 by the fastener (not shown).Ratchet 472 also can adopt ratchet configuration 474 and rotor lock bolt 467 mutual actions.As shown in figure 50, ratchet 472 can comprise that protruding 474a also can be by engaging and rotor lock bolt 466 with the corresponding recesses 474b of rotor lock bolt 467.When protruding 474a engaged with groove 474b, the rotation of rotor lock bolt 467 can pass to ratchet 472.

[00254] rotor lock bolt 467 also can comprise opening 475, and it allows that pin or lance 465 move or get loose from the opening 464 of adapter plate 462.In certain embodiments, adapter plate 462 can connect such as luggage-boot lid with unlatching or release mechanism.When deck-lid release or when being pulled away from the luggage tank tower, adapter plate 462 can move with luggage-boot lid, and pin or lance 465 can get loose from the opening 464 of adapter plate 462.

[00255] when latch system 460 is in locking or locked position of coupler, as shown in figure 50, because the position of the opening 475 of rotor lock bolt 467, pin or lance 465 can not get loose from the opening 464 of adapter plate 462.For release pin or lance 465, rotor lock bolt 467 can be aimed at the opening 464 of adapter plate 462 up to opening 475 around pivotal point 470 rotations.Close and remanent magnetism power when discharging when door, rotor lock bolt 467 can be delivered to armature 466 from ratchet 472 with rotation.Shown in Figure 51, punctual with 464 pairs of the openings of adapter plate 462 when the opening 475 of rotor lock bolt 467, pin or lance 465 get loose from adapter plate 462.As in the linked system shown in Figure 48-49 440, the rotation forbidden device of latch system 460 can be ground connection and the reflecting point that lock bolt drives load (being seal load, pull back spring load etc.).When Dang Men, lid or other moving element locked, load generally can be passed through ratchet 472 near the center of armature 466.In addition, the line of action when device is loaded by the lock bolt sealing force generally can pass remanent magnetism armature pivotal point 468, increases the mechanical advantage of remanent magnetism rotation forbidden device thus, allows the latch system 460 big lock bolt load of processing and does not have accidental release.

[00256] in certain embodiments, latch system 460 can comprise remanent magnetism rotation closing appliance 476, its to illustrate at gear train assembly 400 and linked system 440 with describe similar.Figure 53 shows the cross sectional drawing (along datum line shown in Figure 50 53) of a part that comprises the latch system 460 that rotates closing appliance 476.Rotation closing appliance 476 can comprise shell 477 unshakable in one's determination, coil 478 and armature 466.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 466, shell unshakable in one's determination 477 and coil 478, performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20 and the coil 22 described at steering column lock 12.Rotation closing appliance 476 also can comprise the controller of describing at steering column lock 12.

[00257] Figure 53 shows the rotation closing appliance 476 under the lock-out state.Thereby produce the magnetic field that armature 466 is locked onto shell 477 unshakable in one's determination by applying magnetization current for coil 478, rotation closing appliance 476 is locked.In case produce magnetic force and armature 466 suctions to shell 477 unshakable in one's determination, the magnetization current that imposes on coil 478 just no longer needs.

[00258] in certain embodiments, shell 477 unshakable in one's determination can be attached with adapter plate 462.Be in the lock state following time when rotating closing appliance 476, armature 466 engages with shell 477 unshakable in one's determination, and therefore, can not be with respect to shell 477 rotations unshakable in one's determination.When armature 466 engaged with shell 477 unshakable in one's determination, the ratchet 472 that connects with armature 466 was limited rotation.Equally, when ratchet 472 can not be mobile, rotor lock bolt 467 can not move.Be under the situation of latched position at rotation closing appliance 476, the luggage-boot lid of attached adapter plate 462 or case hatchcover attempt the motion failure because the rotation of rotor lock bolt 467 and ratchet 472 can not pass to armature 466.

[00259] in certain embodiments, armature 466 and shell unshakable in one's determination 477 can comprise motion-stopping structure 480, and it has one or more groove 480a and one or more corresponding protruding 480b.Motion-stopping structure 480 can provide additional latching force.Break away from and engage even if the axial force that armature 466 with respect to shell 477 unshakable in one's determination slippage rotatably, also needs to add overcomes motion-stopping structure 480 and moves protruding 480b with groove 480a.

[00260] for release latch system 460, apply demagnetizing current by giving coil 478, make with armature 466 remain on the shell 477 unshakable in one's determination remanent magnetism power oppositely or cancellation.Figure 54 shows the cross sectional drawing (along the datum line shown in Figure 51 54) of latch system 460 parts of the rotation closing appliance 476 that comprises under the released state.Under released state, armature 466 no longer engages with shell 477 unshakable in one's determination, and can be with respect to shell 477 rotations unshakable in one's determination.Under the situation that armature 466 rotates freely, ratchet 472 and rotor lock bolt 467 are also rotatable.The attempting motion and exert pressure or application force (by the generation that contacts of the opening 475 of pin or lance 465 and rotor lock bolt 467) for rotor lock bolt 467 of adapter plate 462, thus cause rotor lock bolt 467 to rotate.Rotor lock bolt 467 can allow the opening 475 of rotor lock bolt 467 aim at the opening 464 of adapter plate 462.Pin or lance 465 can get loose from opening 464 subsequently, and luggage-boot lid or case hatchcover can be opened.The opening 475 that Figure 51 shows rotor lock bolt 467 is in the front elevation of latch system 460 of the position of release pin or lance 465.

[00261] in certain embodiments, remanent magnetism latch system 460 can rotor lock bolt 467 arrive open or unlocked position after reset immediately (that is, remanent magnetism rotate closing appliance 476 can be back to lock-out state).Figure 52 shows the latch system 460 of reset mode.In certain embodiments, when remanent magnetism power is zero and rotor lock bolt 467 when opening substantially, the biased element 482a that connects with rotor lock bolt 467 impels rotor lock bolt 467 to rotate.Shown in Figure 51 and 52, the rotation of the rotor lock bolt 467 that is caused by the power of biased element 482a and/or lance 465 can impel the protruding 474a of ratchet 472 and rotor lock bolt 467 to break away from.Biased element 482a can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.Pin or ratchet guide 484b make ratchet 472 rotate when being moved by rotor lock bolt 467.Projection 474a and groove 474b break away from.

[00262] shown in Figure 50-52, ratchet 472 can connect with biased element 482b.Biased element 482b can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.After protruding 474a discharged from groove 474b, biased element 482b can make ratchet 472 turn back to desired location (for example, reset position).In certain embodiments, the power that biased element 482a acts on the rotor lock bolt 467 acts on power on the ratchet 472 greater than biased element 482b, so the protruding 474a of ratchet 472 just breaks away from the groove 474b of rotor lock bolt 467, and ratchet 472 and armature 466 turn back to reset position.Latch system 460 can comprise one or more guide 484a, 484b and 484c.The motion of the position of the bootable ratchet 472 of ratchet guide 484a and 484b, restriction ratchet 472 and ratchet 472 imported reset positions.Equally, the rotation of the bootable and restrict rotor lock bolt 467 of rotor guide 484c.Armature 466 can comprise stopper protrusion 486.Stopper protrusion 486 can or be connected with armature stop 488 mutual actions.When armature 466 rotations, armature stop 488 can connect with stopper protrusion 486 and stop armature 466 further to rotate.In certain embodiments, when biased element 482a made ratchet 472 turn back to reset position, armature stop 488 can limit armature 466 and turn over or cross latched position.

[00263] shown in Figure 52, on reset position, latch system 460 can prepare to admit once more lance 465.In certain embodiments, be under the situation of reset position at ratchet 472 and armature 466, produce the magnetic field that armature 466 is locked onto shell 477 unshakable in one's determination by applying magnetization current for coil 478, rotation closing appliance 476 is locked.By admitting lance 465, can impel 467 rotations of rotor lock bolt and rejoin with ratchet 472, ratchet 472 is to keep motionless by the remanent magnetism power that armature 466 is locked onto shell unshakable in one's determination.In case rotor lock bolt 467 is rejoined with ratchet 472, rotor lock bolt 467 just can be under an embargo and rotate back into open position, and latch system 460 can be as top at locking or locking that Figure 50 describes and illustrates.

[00264] Figure 55 and 56 shows another remanent magnetism latch system 490 according to an embodiment of the invention.Figure 55 shows the front elevation of system 490, and Figure 56 shows along the cross sectional drawing of the system 490 of 56 interceptings of the datum line shown in Figure 55.In certain embodiments, latch system 490 is used for the back door or the window of the locking and unlocking vehicle.Latch system 490 also can be used in other the application scenario, with the locking and unlocking moving element such as door, lid, hood etc.

[00265] shown in Figure 55 and 56, system 490 can comprise rotor lock bolt 491, shell unshakable in one's determination 492, armature 493, coil 494 and ratchet 495.System 490 also can comprise controller 496.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 493, shell unshakable in one's determination 492, coil 494 and controller 496, performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and the controller 24 described at steering column lock 12.

[00266] shown in Figure 56, rotor lock bolt 491 and shell unshakable in one's determination 492 can be a body component.The rotor lock bolt of one and shell unshakable in one's determination 492 and armature 493 can be around rotor shaft 497 rotations.Armature 493 can comprise one or more ratchet backstops 498, and it can be engaged by ratchet 495.Ratchet 495 also can be around pawl axis 499 rotations.

[00267] Figure 55 and 56 shows the latch system 490 on the open position.On open position, rotor lock bolt 491 can be received into pin or lance 500 among the 491a of release portion of rotor lock bolt 491.In certain embodiments, lance 500 can be attached such as the vehicle after hatch with moving element, and latch system 490 can be attached with motionless element such as luggage tank tower or vehicle frame.On open position, armature 493 can engage with shell 492 unshakable in one's determination.As mentioned above, controller 496 supplies with magnetization current can for coil 494, engages with armature 493 up to shell 492 unshakable in one's determination.

[00268] in certain embodiments, engage with shell 492 unshakable in one's determination and moving element (for example hatch) is closed and when shifting to motionless element, lance 500 is admitted by the 491a of release portion of rotor lock bolt 491 when armature 493.Lance 500 acts on power rotor lock bolt 491 and the armature 493 (shown in Figure 55) in the counterclockwise direction on the rotor lock bolt 491.Rotor lock bolt 491 and armature 493 are rotatable, engage with one of them ratchet projection 498 of armature 493 up to ratchet 495.The power that ratchet 495 acts on the ratchet projection 498 can prevent armature 493 and rotor lock bolt 491 right-hand revolutions and the release lance 500 that become one with shell 492 unshakable in one's determination.Be at rotor lock bolt 491 under the situation of locked position of coupler, lance 500 can not discharge from the 491a of release portion of rotor lock bolt 491.

[00269] in order to discharge lance 500 from the 491a of release portion, controller 496 can be given armature 493 and shell unshakable in one's determination 492 degaussings.In case shell 492 unshakable in one's determination can be independent of the rotation of armature 493 ground, rotor lock bolt 491 and shell unshakable in one's determination 492 can rotate back into initial open position, discharge lance 500.In certain embodiments, system 490 can comprise the biased element 501 that can impel rotor 491 to turn back to open position.Biased element 501 can comprise one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams.System 490 can comprise rotor guide 502, and it can prevent that rotor 491 from turning over open position.

[00270] in case rotor 491 rotates back into open position, controller 496 can be set remanent magnetism load.In case set remanent magnetism load, shell 492 unshakable in one's determination can engage with armature 493, and rotor 491 can be received into lance 500 among the 491a of release portion once more.

[00271] in certain embodiments, system 490 can comprise motion-stopping structure 503.Motion-stopping structure 503 can be included in the one or more protruding 503a that are associated with each ratchet backstop 498 on armature 493 or the rotor lock bolt 491.Shell 492 unshakable in one's determination can comprise the groove 503b of corresponding and protruding 503a interconnection.Motion-stopping structure 503 can guarantee that rotor lock bolt 491 aligns with armature 493 when rotor lock bolt 491 discharges and rotates back into open position, thus the next ratchet backstop 498 of armature 493 just the predetermined angular next time by armature 493 rotation and grasped.The quantity that is positioned at the protruding 503a on armature 493 or the rotor lock bolt 491 can be determined by angular transposition or the rotation of rotor lock bolt 491 from the open position to the locked position of coupler.Shown in Figure 55, ratchet backstop 498 can be positioned on the armature 493 every 90 °, then rotor lock bolt 491 with regard to half-twist to move on to off position from open position.For example, if rotor displacement or rotate to be 60 °, armature 493 can comprise six ratchet backstops 498 every 60 ° of location.

[00272] ratchet 495 that is included in the system 490 can comprise other clutch system.For example, except the top ratchet that illustrates and describe 495 and ratchet backstop 498 structures or substitute them, can use support construction, diagonal brace structure, roller ramp structure etc.

[00273] remanent magnetism navigation operating control can design according to several embodiments of the present invention.In certain embodiments, remanent magnetism navigation operating control can produce its most of load or power from main load supporting device such as wind spring power-transfer clutch, claw clutch and many plates friction clutch or ball ramp power-transfer clutch.The state (that is, open and close or modulation) of remanent magnetism navigation operating control may command master load supporting device influences system's gross load bearing value simultaneously not obviously.Remanent magnetism navigation operating control can be used on and requires high locking and locking load simultaneously in less, the size smaller applications occasion of weight, such as door opening degree caging system, seat and steering handwheel control system etc.Remanent magnetism navigation operating control also can be used for loading steering column lock, rear deck or baggage container lock bolt, door latch and hood lock latch.In addition, remanent magnetism navigation operating control also can be used for car brake, vehicular clutch or industrial power-transfer clutch.

[00274] Figure 57 shows an embodiment as the residual magnetic devices of the remanent magnetism navigation operating control 520 that connects with nest spring device 530.Nest spring device 530 can comprise axle 532, armature 534, shell unshakable in one's determination 536, coil 538 and one or more wind spring 540.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 534, shell unshakable in one's determination 536 and coil 538, performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 29 and the coil 22 described at steering column lock 12.Navigation operating control 520 also can comprise controller, and it is similar to the controller of describing at steering column lock 12 24.

[00275] wind spring 540 can be used for braking or firmly grasps axle 532.In certain embodiments, the tightness of the multi-turn wind spring 540 of nest spring device 530 may command on the axle 532.Wind spring 540 is tight more on the axle 532, and braking/interlock torque capacity is just big more.The number of turns of wind spring 540 also can influence the torque capacity of nest spring device 530.

[00276] Figure 58 shows the birds-eye view or the front elevation of nest spring device 530.Axle 532 can pass sun gear 550, so the rotation of axle 532 just can be delivered to sun gear 550.Except sun gear 550 or alternatively, axle 532 also can comprise wheel tooth or groove.Sun gear 550 can be connected with one or more planetary wheels 554, and planetary wheel 554 is rotated between the inward flange 558 of sun gear 550 and armature 534.The inward flange 558 of armature 534 can comprise and planetary wheel 554 gears in mesh teeth.

[00277] Figure 59 is the cross sectional drawing (along the datum line shown in Figure 58 59) of nest spring device 530 according to an embodiment of the invention.Nest spring device 530 shown in Figure 59 comprises sun gear 550, planetary wheel 554, one or more spring bracket 556 and wind spring 540.Shown in Figure 59, each planetary wheel 554 can comprise miniature gears 560, and it can mesh with one of them spring bracket 556, passes to spring bracket 556 with the rotation with planetary wheel 554.Each wind spring 540 can comprise tension side 570 and ground terminal 580.The ground terminal 580 of wind spring 540 can be with dynamic component or ground engaging component be not attached such as shell 536 unshakable in one's determination or vehicle chassis (not shown).Tension side 570 can with spring bracket 556 in one attached.When tension side 570 rotated by rotating spring carriage 556, wind spring 540 can tensioning around axle 532.The opposite end of spring 540 (that is, ground terminal 580) is fixed on the stationary reference position, and it prevents whole spring 540 with axle 532 rotations, rather than tensioning around axle 532.In certain embodiments, spring installation 530 can comprise two wind springs 540.Wind spring 540 can be in axle 532 tensioning during along a direction rotation, and another wind spring 540 can tensioning when axle 532 rotates in opposite direction.

[00278] when producing remanent magnetism power, armature 534 can be inhaled to shell 536 unshakable in one's determination.The rotation of axle 532 is delivered to planetary wheel 554 through sun gear 550.Planetary wheel 554 rotates between the inward flange 558 of sun gear 550 and armature 534.The rotation of planetary wheel 554 is delivered to spring bracket 556 through miniature gears 560, and is delivered to the tension side 570 of wind spring 540.The rotation planetary wheel 554 and spring bracket 556 make wind spring 540 be stretched in the axle 532 around.Planetary wheel 554 scalable wind springs 540 slack-free speed.The rotation of axle 532 can be faster or slower than the rotation of planetary wheel 554, so the rotation of axle 532 can not be directly delivered to wind spring 540.The adjustable size joint of planetary wheel 554 is to change the tensioning speed of wind spring 540.

[00279] along with the increase of the external torque of passing through axle 532, the coiling of wind spring 540 around axle 532 can increase the torque capacity of nest spring device 530.The maximum torque ability of nest spring device 530 can be determined by friction coefficient, the number of turns of wind spring 540 and/or the external torque that be applied to wind spring 540 above of wind spring 540 on axle 532.

[00280] remanent magnetism homing advice 520 also can be used for discharging the tensioning wind spring 540 of nest spring device 530.When not having remanent magnetism power between armature 534 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 536, not rotatablely moving passes to spring bracket 556.Miniature gears 560 is allowed around sun gear 550 to revolve three-sixth turn.Spring bracket 556 rotates freely, thereby discharges the tension force of wind spring 540.Wind spring 540 can comprise free-running fit, so axle 532 just can rotate freely when not having remanent magnetism power.For example, the external diameter of axle 532 can be less than the internal diameter of wind spring 540.

[00281] in certain embodiments, when not having remanent magnetism power between armature 534 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 536, the miniature gears 560 and the spring bracket 556 of planetary wheel 554 are kept in touch.Generation by remanent magnetism power and eliminating can be carried out the locking and the release of armature 534 and shell 536 unshakable in one's determination, to change the tensioning speed of wind spring 540.As armature 534 during from shell 536 releases unshakable in one's determination (, when not having remanent magnetism power between armature 534 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 536), the rotation of axle 532 can be delivered to planetary wheel 554 by sun gear 550, and is delivered to armature 534 from planetary wheel 554.Rotation can cause axle 532, sun gear 550, planetary wheel 554 and armature 534 to rotate with the phase same rate together.When armature 534 is latched on the shell 536 unshakable in one's determination (, when having remanent magnetism power between armature 534 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 536), armature 534 can be motionless, and planetary wheel 554 can independent rotation between the inward flange 558 of sun gear 550 and armature 534.The size of planetary wheel 554 can cause planetary wheel 554 independently to rotate with the speed that is different from axle 532.This independent rotation can allow wind spring 540 to be different from the speed tensioning of axle 532 rotations.

[00282] Figure 60 shows the remanent magnetism navigation operating control 600 that connects with cam clutch/brake equipment 602 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.Cam clutch/brake equipment 602 can utilize the rotation input to clamp jaw clutch or many plates friction component.Give the rotation input force of cam clutch/brake equipment 602 high more, clamping load is just big more.The operation of cam clutch/brake equipment 602 can be considered to parasitics, because it uses external energy to drive clamping load.The example of parasitics operation can comprise the valve system of combustion engine and the manpower driver of steering column lock.Remanent magnetism navigation operating control 600 can be used as actuator, then it just external power supply and cam clutch/brake equipment 602 can be coupled together so that open (connection) and close (disconnection) propulsion source to cam clutch/brake equipment 602.

[00283] shown in Figure 60, cam clutch/brake equipment 602 and remanent magnetism navigation operating control 600 can comprise axle 610, drive socket 612, armature 614, shell unshakable in one's determination 616, coil 618, ball ramp actuator 620, clutch/brake equipment 624 and external device (ED) 626.In certain embodiments, the structure of armature 614, shell unshakable in one's determination 616, coil and/or controller (not shown), performance and operation are similar to armature 18, shell unshakable in one's determination 20, coil 22 and the controller 24 described at steering column lock 12.

[00284] in certain embodiments, the state of state of axle 610 (that is, axle is motionless or is rotating) and external device (ED) 626 can be synchronous when clutch/brake equipment 624 engages.External device (ED) 626 can comprise rotor lock bolt and lance or pin, gear train assembly, takeoff output annex, have the brake system of brake lining etc.Clutch/brake equipment 624 can comprise jaw clutch, many plates friction clutch assembly or other suitable braking or arrangement of clutch.

[00285] ball ramp actuator 620 can comprise ramp collar 630, foundation ring, ramp 635 and rolling element between ramp collar 630 and foundation ring, ramp 635 or the ball 640 that connects with drive socket 612.The opposite face of ramp collar 630 and foundation ring, ramp 635 can comprise the groove that can allow ball 640 advance therein of change in depth.Groove can be constructed like this, so that one rotation in ramp collar 630 and the foundation ring, ramp 635 can make ball 640 advance along the groove of ramp collar 630 and 635, so that increase or reduce distance between ramp collar 630 and 635.

[00286] in one embodiment, axle 610 can be around axis 650 rotations on the direction shown in the arrow 652.Foundation ring, ramp 635 can be attached with axle 610, so foundation ring, ramp 635 just can be with axle 610 rotations.Ramp collar 630 can connect with drive socket 612, and drive socket 612 can connect with armature 614.Ramp collar 630 and drive socket 612 can move axially with armature 614.Ramp collar 630 is not generally with axle 610 rotations.Armature 614 can be connected with shell 616 unshakable in one's determination by one or more biased elements 660 (such as one or more compression springs, tension spring, elastomer element, chock and/or foams), and this has just allowed that armature 614 axially moves with respect to shell 616 unshakable in one's determination.In certain embodiments, shell 616 unshakable in one's determination can be motionless with respect to axle 610 and armature 614.

[00287] as mentioned above, by applying electric current to produce or to eliminate remanent magnetism power, the state of controller (not shown) may command remanent magnetism navigation operating control 600 for coil 618.When not having remanent magnetism power between armature 614 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 616, armature 614 and drive socket 612 can freely move axially basically.When axle 610 rotations, foundation ring, ramp 635 is also rotatable.Foundation ring, ramp 635 can make ball 640 advance along the variable depth groove of ramp collar 630 and foundation ring, ramp 635.When ball 640 was advanced, the variation of depth of groove increased and reduces distance between ramp collar 630 and the foundation ring, ramp 635.The axial motion compensation of the drive socket 612 that the variation of depth of groove can be allowed by biased element 660.In certain embodiments, the axial motion of drive socket 612 allows that foundation ring, ramp 635 keeps substantially motionless axial location on axle 610.

[00288] when having remanent magnetism power between armature 614 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 616, armature 614 is lockable to shell 616 unshakable in one's determination and drive socket 612 can not move axially.When axle 610 and 635 rotations of foundation ring, ramp, ball 640 is advanced along the variable depth groove of ramp collar 630 and foundation ring, ramp 635.But drive socket 612 retainer shafts are to motionless, so it just can not the compensate for variable depth recess.Therefore, the axial motion compensation of the foundation ring, ramp 635 of allowing by bias voltage supporting member 670 of the variable depth groove between ramp collar 630 and the foundation ring, ramp 635.Foundation ring 635, bias voltage supporting member 670 tolerable ramp changes its axial location with respect to axle 610, and therefore engages or load clutch/brake equipment 624.In certain embodiments, the part of clutch/brake equipment 624 can connect with foundation ring, ramp 635.When the part of foundation ring, ramp 635 changed axial location, this part of clutch/brake equipment 624 just can contact with another part of clutch/brake equipment 624.

[00289] in certain embodiments, clutch/brake equipment 624 can comprise the power-transfer clutch of the state transfer of axle 610 being given external device (ED) 626.Power-transfer clutch/brake equipment 624 also can comprise the drg that the state of external device (ED) 626 (being motionless state) is passed to axle 610.Be also to be understood that axle 610 can be initially motionless.By engaging clutch/brake equipment 624, on the contrary except stop or transmitting the rotation or, can start a rotation of spools 610.

[00290] Figure 61 comprises vehicle 700, and it can comprise one or more embodiment of Fig. 1-83 residual magnetic devices.For example, vehicle 700 can comprise remanent magnetism steering column lock 712, remanent magnetism igniting rotation forbidden device 714, one or more remanent magnetism rear deck lock bolts 716 (power locking/unlocking lock bolt for example, power discharges lock bolt), remanent magnetism open out lock bolt and/or cap lock 718, one class or multiclass remanent magnetism chair mechanism 720 are (for example, the seat position regulating control, seat inclination angle adjustor, headrest regulator), one or more remanent magnetism side door lock breech locks (are for example decided element 722, power locking/unlocking lock bolt, power discharges the E-lock bolt, the passive inlet lock bolt of dual input), remanent magnetism door opening degree limiting device 724 (for example stepless door opening degree limiting device and/or end stop able to programme), (for example power discharges lock bolt to one or more remanent magnetism hood lock latch unlocking devices 726, active hood system unlocking device), one or more remanent magnetism storage room lock bolts 728 (glove box lock bolt for example, the control desk lock bolt, Pop-up glass lock bolt), one or more pedal of vehicles residual magnetic devices 730 (for example, stopping brake pedal lock or acceleration pedal lock), remanent magnetism window regulator 732, remanent magnetism seatbelt folding and unfolding blocking device 734, remanent magnetism window device 736 able to programme (upper position lock for example, end stop able to programme), remanent magnetism fan and/or air-conditioning arrangement of clutch 738, remanent magnetism driving device 740 (shifting of transmission interlock for example, the BTSI lock, automatic drive clutch actuator), remanent magnetism draft hitch 742 (for example independent residual magnetic devices or be used for the bumper valve or the hydraulic fluid device of anti-shake rod lock device and the mixing of residual magnetic devices), remanent magnetism spare tyre lifter 746 (for example drag-line lock), the scalable roof assembly 748 of remanent magnetism (for example open/close position lock bolt), play the remanent magnetism brake lining lock 750 of parking braking function etc.Residual magnetic devices can be used for the storage room (for example power release lock bolt) of commercial vehicle/comm..vehicle.Residual magnetic devices can be used for steering column/handlebar locked device or the stopping brake lock in the RV recreational vehicle (motor bike, all terrain vehicle, snowmobile etc.).Residual magnetic devices can be used for the power output clutch device or the stopping brake lock of meadow and garden usefulness car.Residual magnetic devices can be used for the emergency braking apparatus of tractor-trailer.

[00291] Figure 62 comprises commercial building or residential architecture 800, and it has door 802, doorframe 804 and remanent magnetism door lock 806.Remanent magnetism door lock 806 can comprise and door 802 armature that connect 808 and the shell unshakable in one's determination 810 that connects with doorframe 804, or vice versa.Remanent magnetism window blocking device 812 also can be used for locking the window 814 in the building 800.Door 802 and/or window 814 can be inner or exterior door and/or window.Residual magnetic devices can be used on the inside or external door 802 of hotel, apartment, condominium etc.Residual magnetic devices can be used on live or the safety door of commercial building around or on the storehouse.

[00292] residual magnetic devices can be used for industrial part such as industrial ball or cylindrical bearing (for example locking bearing), industrial fastener (for example power joint/disengaging fastener), industrial power-transfer clutch (for example conveyer, machinery etc.) and industrial drg (for example material handling, machinery etc.).

[00293] embodiments of the invention can use residual technique to provide and shear drg and shearing power-transfer clutch.Shear drg and shear power-transfer clutch tolerable shell unshakable in one's determination and armature moves or slides along contact level.In addition, shear drg and shear power-transfer clutch can when not having remanent magnetism power, allow shell unshakable in one's determination and armature move independently of one another (, rotation, translation or its combination), and can when having remanent magnetism power, impel shell unshakable in one's determination to move as shearing power-transfer clutch, or do not move mutually as shearing drg with armature with relying on mutually with relying on.

[00294] embodiments of the invention also can use residual technique that retainer drg and retainer power-transfer clutch are provided.Retainer drg and retainer power-transfer clutch can comprise one or more retainers or locking mechanism, and it separately determines distance with shell unshakable in one's determination and armature.When shell unshakable in one's determination and armature separately determine apart from the time, shell unshakable in one's determination and armature are allowed to move (for example, rotation, translation or its combination) independently.Equally, when shell unshakable in one's determination and armature separately do not determine apart from the time (for example, projection and groove alignment), they just move as the retainer power-transfer clutch with relying on mutually, or do not move to dependence mutually as the stop drg.Retainer or locking mechanism impel shell unshakable in one's determination and armature axially to move apart each other before they can move independently of one another.For example, the rotation closing appliance 78 that illustrates and describe at Fig. 8 and 9 comprises the retainer of locating and keep shell unshakable in one's determination with respect to armature.So that allow shell unshakable in one's determination and armature and move independently, need axial force to separate retainer in order to discharge shell unshakable in one's determination from armature.In certain embodiments, move or slide and when separating, also produce shearing force along contact level when projection and groove.In addition,, also can produce shearing force, because the projection of separating produces contact level unceasingly between shell unshakable in one's determination and armature when armature and/or shell unshakable in one's determination rotation in case retainer separates.Embodiments of the invention also can provide stepless breakaway detents and power-transfer clutch, and shell wherein unshakable in one's determination and armature move substantially non-contiguously.

[00295] every supplementary features of the present invention and advantage are illustrated in following claim.

Claims (76)

1, a kind of method of braking first element with respect to second element, this method comprises:

Between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, form basic closed magnetic circuit, so that produce irreversible remanent magnetism power;

Because of described irreversible remanent magnetism power, prevent that basically first element from moving with respect to second element; And

When having irreversible remanent magnetism power between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination, between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, provide clamping load.

2, the method for claim 1 also comprises, produces irreversible remanent magnetism power between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination by providing magnetization current to coil.

3, method as claimed in claim 2 also comprises, by demagnetizing current is provided to coil and increase armature and shell unshakable in one's determination between air gap at least a, make the magnetic domain mis-aligned at least one of armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, so that offset irreversible remanent magnetism power.

4, method as claimed in claim 3 also comprises, by providing magnetization current to recover irreversible remanent magnetism power to coil once more.

5, the method for claim 1 also comprises, produces irreversible remanent magnetism power, causes the motion between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination so that prevent shearing force basically.

6, the method for claim 1 also comprises, produces irreversible remanent magnetism power, so that prevent rotatablely moving of first element basically.

7, the method for claim 1 also comprises, produces irreversible remanent magnetism power, so that prevent the motion of translation of first element basically.

8, the method for claim 1 also comprises, the shell unshakable in one's determination that connects with basic connected to chassis second element is provided.

9, the method for claim 1 also comprises, provides and the armature that can connect with respect to first element that second element moves.

10, method as claimed in claim 9 also comprises, the ball ramp that comprises first ramp plate structure is provided, and this first ramp plate provides first groove and first ramp at least one rolling element.

11, method as claimed in claim 10 also comprises providing the ball ramp structure that comprises second ramp plate that connects with first element, this second ramp plate and first ramp plate to meet the boundary and providing second groove and second ramp for described at least one rolling element.

12, method as claimed in claim 11 also comprises second ramp plate to the first ramp plate bias voltage.

13, method as claimed in claim 11, also comprise: when between shell unshakable in one's determination and armature, having irreversible remanent magnetism power, by attempt rotation second ramp plate and will described at least one rolling element first ramp and the upwards driving of at least one ramp in second ramp of at least one ramp plate in first ramp plate and second ramp plate, between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, provide clamping load.

14, the method for claim 1 also comprises: produce the magnetic circuit include between shell unshakable in one's determination and armature less than the basic closure of about 0.005 inch magnetic air gap.

15, the method for claim 1, also comprise, make first cross-sectional area of the heart of shell unshakable in one's determination be substantially equal to second cross-sectional area of shell unfaithful intention unshakable in one's determination, second cross-sectional area of shell unfaithful intention unshakable in one's determination is substantially equal to the 3rd cross-sectional area of armature, and the 3rd cross-sectional area of armature is substantially equal to the 4th cross-sectional area of shell yoke unshakable in one's determination.

16, the method for claim 1 also comprises, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is made of in SAE1002 steel, SAE1018 steel, SAE1044 steel, SAE1060 steel, SAE1075 steel and the SAE52100 steel at least one.

17, the method for claim 1 also comprises, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is made of chromium steel.

18, the method for claim 1 also comprises, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is made of powdered-metal.

19, method as claimed in claim 18 also comprises, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is by comprising

The powdered-metal of powdered-metal 03.42.1233 constitutes.

20, the method for claim 1 also comprises, determines whether there is irreversible remanent magnetism power between shell unshakable in one's determination and the armature.

21, the method for claim 1 also comprises, makes the magnetic saturation simultaneously basically of all parts basically of shell unshakable in one's determination and armature.

22, the method for claim 1 also comprises, offsets the irreversible remanent magnetism power between shell unshakable in one's determination and the armature basically, moves so that allow first element.

23, the method for claim 1 also comprises, because the magnetic saturation basically when producing irreversible remanent magnetism power of shell unshakable in one's determination and armature by the demagnetizing current with constant value is provided, is offset irreversible remanent magnetism power basically.

24, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises steering-wheel spindle is provided and comprises second element of fixed object basically.

25, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises rotor and second element that comprises clamp are provided.

26, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises passenger door and second element that comprises passenger's doorframe are provided.

27, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises vehicle seat and second element that comprises seat slide are provided.

28, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises vehicle seat and second element that comprises the seat angle device are provided.

29, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises steering column and second element that comprises instrument carrier panel are provided.

30, the method for claim 1 also comprises, first element that comprises passenger door and second element that comprises passenger's doorframe are provided; And, when the passenger door swing open, apply irreversible remanent magnetism power to provide the step-less adjustment door opening degree spacing.

31, the method for claim 1 also comprises, provides in first element and second element at least one by adjustable suspension system.

32, the method for claim 1 also comprises, provides in first element and second element at least one by driving system.

33, the method for claim 1 also comprises, provides in first element and second element at least one by differential lock system.

34, the method for claim 1 also comprises, at least one air gap on the entity between increase armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is to offset irreversible remanent magnetism power basically.

35, method as claimed in claim 34 also comprises, increases air gap by the screw between rotating iron and the shell unshakable in one's determination.

36, method as claimed in claim 34 also comprises, increases air gap by in translating cam, chock and the throw of lever between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination at least one.

37, a kind of drg of preventing that first element from moving with respect to second element of being used to, this drg comprises:

With a shell unshakable in one's determination that connects in first element and second element;

With an armature that connects in first element and second element;

Be arranged in the coil of shell unshakable in one's determination, this coil receives magnetization current to produce basic closed magnetic circuit between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, so that produce irreversible remanent magnetism power and prevent that first element from moving; And

Ball ramp structure is used for providing clamping load between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination when having irreversible remanent magnetism power between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination.

38, drg as claimed in claim 37 also comprises controller, and it provides magnetization current to produce irreversible remanent magnetism power between armature and shell unshakable in one's determination to coil.

39, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, described controller by demagnetizing current is provided to coil and increase in the releasing mechanism of air gap between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination at least one, make the magnetic domain mis-aligned at least one of armature and shell unshakable in one's determination, so that offset irreversible remanent magnetism power.

40, drg as claimed in claim 39, wherein, described controller is by providing magnetization current to recover irreversible remanent magnetism power to coil once more.

41, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, irreversible remanent magnetism power prevents that basically shearing force from causing the motion between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination.

42, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, irreversible remanent magnetism power prevents rotatablely moving of first element basically.

43, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, irreversible remanent magnetism power prevents the motion of translation of first element basically.

44, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, shell unshakable in one's determination connects with basic connected to chassis second element.

45, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, armature with can connect with respect to first element that second element moves.

46, drg as claimed in claim 45, wherein, the ball ramp structure also comprises first ramp plate, this first ramp plate provides first groove and first ramp at least one rolling element.

47, drg as claimed in claim 46, wherein, ball ramp structure comprises that also second ramp plate that connects with first element, this second ramp plate and first ramp plate meet the boundary and provide second groove and second ramp for described at least one rolling element.

48, drg as claimed in claim 47 wherein, also comprises the biased element of second ramp plate to the first ramp plate bias voltage.

49, drg as claimed in claim 47, wherein, when between shell unshakable in one's determination and armature, having irreversible remanent magnetism power, when second ramp plate was attempted to rotate and first ramp of described at least one rolling element at least one ramp plate in first ramp plate and second ramp plate and at least one ramp in second ramp upwards driven, described ball ramp was configured between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination clamping load is provided.

50, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, basic closed magnetic circuit comprises less than at least one about 0.005 inch magnetic air gap.

51, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first cross-sectional area of shell heart unshakable in one's determination is substantially equal to second cross-sectional area of shell unfaithful intention unshakable in one's determination, second cross-sectional area of shell unfaithful intention unshakable in one's determination is substantially equal to the 3rd cross-sectional area of armature, and the 3rd cross-sectional area of armature is substantially equal to the 4th cross-sectional area of shell yoke unshakable in one's determination.

52, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is made of in SAE1002 steel, SAE1018 steel, SAE1044 steel, SAE1060 steel, SAE1075 steel and the SAE52100 steel at least one.

53, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is made of chromium steel.

54, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is made of powdered-metal.

55, drg as claimed in claim 54, wherein, at least one in armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is by comprising

The powdered-metal of powdered-metal 03.42.1233 constitutes.

56, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, controller determines whether there is irreversible remanent magnetism power between shell unshakable in one's determination and the armature.

57, drg as claimed in claim 37 wherein, makes the magnetic saturation simultaneously basically of all parts basically of shell unshakable in one's determination and armature.

58, drg as claimed in claim 57, wherein, because the magnetic saturation when producing irreversible remanent magnetism power of shell unshakable in one's determination and armature, demagnetizing current is a constant value.

59, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises steering-wheel spindle, second element comprises motionless basically object.

60, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises rotor, and second element comprises clamp.

61, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises passenger door, and second element comprises passenger's doorframe.

62, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises vehicle seat, and second element comprises seat slide.

63, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises vehicle seat, and second element comprises the seat angle device.

64, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises steering column, and second element comprises instrument carrier panel.

65, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, first element comprises passenger door, and second element comprises passenger's doorframe, and, when the passenger door swing open, can apply irreversible remanent magnetism power so that provide the step-less adjustment door opening degree spacing.

66, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, at least one in first element and second element comprises the part of adjustable suspension system.

67, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, at least one in first element and second element comprises the part of driving system.

68, drg as claimed in claim 37, wherein, at least one in first element and second element comprises the part of differential lock system.

69, drg as claimed in claim 37 also is included in the screw between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination, and it can be rotated to increase the air gap between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination on the entity and to offset irreversible remanent magnetism power basically.

70, drg as claimed in claim 37, at least one that also is included in cam, chock and the throw of lever between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination is removable, to increase the air gap between armature and the shell unshakable in one's determination on the entity and to offset irreversible remanent magnetism power basically.

71, a kind of drg of preventing that first element from moving with respect to second element of being used to, this drg comprises:

Be used to form the electromagnetic assembly device of closed magnetic circuit basically, this electromagnetic assembly device connects with described first element and second element;

Control device is used for providing magnetization current to produce irreversible remanent magnetism power to the electromagnetic assembly device, moves with respect to second element to prevent first element; And

Clamping load constructing apparatus is used for providing clamping load in the electromagnetic assembly device when producing irreversible remanent magnetism power in order to prevent first element from moving with respect to second element.

72, as the described drg of claim 71, wherein, described control device provides demagnetizing current to the electromagnetic assembly device, to offset irreversible remanent magnetism power, moves with respect to second element to allow first element.

73, as the described drg of claim 71, also comprise separating device, be used for increasing armature and the air gap between the shell unshakable in one's determination that is included in the electromagnetic assembly device on the entity and offsetting irreversible remanent magnetism power basically.

74,, also comprise being used for making the magnetic domain mis-aligned of electromagnetic assembly device to offset the device of irreversible remanent magnetism power as the described drg of claim 71.

75, as the described drg of claim 74, wherein, described control device recovers irreversible remanent magnetism power in the electromagnetic assembly device by magnetization current is provided once more.

76, as the described drg of claim 71, wherein, described clamping load constructing apparatus comprises the ball ramp constructing apparatus.

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