CN101358304B - Nial intermetallic compound porous material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nial intermetallic compound porous material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN101358304B
CN101358304B CN2008103047201A CN200810304720A CN101358304B CN 101358304 B CN101358304 B CN 101358304B CN 2008103047201 A CN2008103047201 A CN 2008103047201A CN 200810304720 A CN200810304720 A CN 200810304720A CN 101358304 B CN101358304 B CN 101358304B
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porous material
intermetallic compound
compound porous
preparation
nial intermetallic
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CN101358304A (en
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高麟
贺跃辉
徐进辉
汪涛
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Intermet Technology Chengdu Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a NiAl intermetallic compound porous material and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the field of inorganic materials. The invention provides a NiAl intermetallic compound porous material with good combination property and a preparation method thereof. The novel NiAl intermetallic compound porous material has communicated three-dimension solid network apertures and the porosity of 30 percent and 55 percent, the biggest pore is from 5 microns and 50 microns; wherein, the atom weight portions of Ni and Al in the material is equal to 60 to 90 : 10 to 40. The preparation method is that Ni and Al powders with a certain granularity are firstly mechanically mixed evenly, and then go through compression molding cold forming, finally the porous material is obtained by a sectional type vacuum pressureless sintering mode. The method has low energy consumption and almost no contamination, and the porous structures can be controlled independently. The NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the invention has excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, good acid-resistance and alkali-resistance properties, high-temperature oxidation resistance property and excellent filtering quality, and can be used in the fields such as high temperature, separation and the like.

Description

NiAl intermetallic compound porous material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of NiAl intermetallic compound porous material and preparation method thereof, belong to field of inorganic materials.
Background technology
Porous material device with three-dimensional communication hole is widely used in various field of engineering technology such as metallurgy, chemical industry, pharmacy, sea water desaltination coarse filtration, solid fuel cell, water purification, environmental protection, the energy.At present the porous material that uses mainly contains inorganic porous material and organic porous material two big classes, and wherein, inorganic porous material is owing to have advantages such as high relatively mechanical property, relative better heat-resisting performance and anti-environmental corrosion performance, and is widely used.Inorganic porous material can be divided into two kinds of metal polyporous material and ceramic porous materials again according to material category.The high-temperature oxidation resistance of ceramic porous material and mechanical property excellence, the corrosive nature of medium such as antiacid, alkali is better; But its room temperature fragility is serious, thermal shock resistance is poor, can not carry out machining and welding connection.Metal polyporous material has high room-temperature mechanical property, good advantages such as process industrial art performance, however defective such as metal polyporous material exists that corrosion resistance is low, antioxidant property difference and mechanical property be low under the high temperature.Therefore comprehensively having good mechanical performance, process industrial art performance for each field provides a kind of, and have the porous material of antioxidant property under excellent corrosion resistance and the high temperature, is the research direction of field of porous materials.
The NiAl intermetallic compound is a kind of lightweight high-temperature structural material, have the long range ordered structure of B2 structure and special chemical bond, have low density (only for Ni based high-temperature alloy density 2/3), high-melting-point (up to 1638 ℃, high thermal conductivity (76W/ (m.K)), excellent high-temperature mechanical property, antiacid caustic corrosion performance, high temperature oxidation resistance and good catalytic performance.But, cause its DB material still to fail so far to obtain practical application in the thermal structure field because NiAl intermetallic compound dense material has low temperature brittleness.
CN1584083A discloses a kind of Ni-Al intermetallic compound porous material and preparation technology thereof, and it is to adopt after the powder mixes of Ni (70-80%), Al (15-25%), Co (2-8%), Fe (1-5%), Cu (1-5%), NiAl (1-10%) that the energising reacting by heating makes in grinding tool.Reaction raw materials has adopted multiple element, and to have added NiAl (1-10%) be thinner, the porous material complicated component, and complex process simultaneously, cost is higher.
So far, do not see the report that only adopts the intermetallic Ni-Al compound porous material that Ni, Al powder make.
Summary of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of good combination property.
This NiAl intermetallic compound porous material have 3 D stereo together with the network hole, wherein Ni, Al weight proportion are Ni: Al=60~90: 10~40.
Further, better for the performance that makes the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material, above-mentioned Ni, Al weight proportion are preferably Ni: Al=64~86: 14~36.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the preparation method of a kind of less energy-consumption, free of contamination NiAl intermetallic compound porous material, may further comprise the steps:
A, mixing: by weight ratio with Ni, Al powder mechanically mixing; Wherein, the median size of Ni, Al powder is all 5~100 μ m;
B, moulding: compression molding;
C, vacuum sintering: vacuum tightness is 1.0~1.0 * 10 -2Pa, 950~1250 ℃ of final sintering of temperature, it is synthetic that solid-state inclined to one side diffusion-reaction takes place in the heat-processed of control, and cooling promptly gets the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material.
Wherein, the pressure of the preparation method's of above-mentioned NiAl intermetallic compound porous material b step compression molding is 80~400MPa, and further, the compression molding of b step adopts the powder metallurgy pressing mode to be pressed into laminar blank or the isostatic cool pressing mode is made the tubulose base.
Wherein, the preparation method's of above-mentioned NiAl intermetallic compound porous material c step vacuum sintering is by the sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering, at first the speed with 1~5 ℃/min heats up, and between 450~600 ℃, be incubated 60~120min, speed with 5~10 ℃/min rises to 950~1250 ℃ subsequently, insulation 15~120min, furnace cooling promptly gets the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material then.
Because Ni, Al element powders reaction process are comparatively violent exothermic process, when adopting this powder metallurgical technique to prepare the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material, need parameters such as the suitable temperature rise rate of control, sintering temperature, the severe degree of coming inhibited reaction.Otherwise violent reaction will produce big stress, cause the cracking or the distortion of sintered body.The pore structure of porous material is defined as parameters such as porosity, aperture.According to the powder metallurgy fundamental principle, the porosity of material is relevant with sintering temperature, and sintering temperature is high more, time is long more, porosity since the influence of the sintering motivating force that reduces of material surface area can progressively reduce, simultaneously, exist the fine porosity to reduce the trend that macrovoid is grown up; But the homogeneous microstructureization of material needs certain temperature and time.So just there is the contradiction between a homogenizing and the porosity, so can control pore structure parameters such as porosity by control sintering parameter.By the control of sintering process, reach the material shape Undeformable and indehiscent, when guaranteeing the material structure homogenizing, guarantee that material has big as far as possible porosity and suitable aperture simultaneously.In a word, can control the macroscopical profile and the microporous structure of porous material effectively by the sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, only adopt Ni, Al powder to synthesize by inclined to one side diffusion in the heat-processed and reaction, do not add other any material or any pore-forming material, can realize that porosity is 30%~55%, the maximum diameter of hole is the preparation of the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of 5~50 μ m, reduce energy consumption, almost do not had the pollution of material and environment.
2, because the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material has excellent high-temperature mechanical property, antiacid caustic corrosion performance and high temperature oxidation resistance (high temperature resistant temperature can reach more than 600 ℃), strainability, realize that the porous material 26S Proteasome Structure and Function is integrated, enlarge the use field of inorganic porous material, especially can be used for high temperature Service Environment filtration art.
3, by the control sintering process parameter, can control the macroscopical profile and the microporous structure of porous material effectively, the near-net-shape of having realized the porous material of Controlled Pore Structure is (after near-net-shape is meant part forming, only need to process on a small quantity or do not reprocess, just can be used as the forming technique of mechanical component) preparation technology.
In a word, the invention provides a kind of Ni, Al element powders reaction synthetic NiAl intermetallic compound porous material and preparation method of only adopting, in the over-all properties that improves porous inorganic material, enlarged the use field of material, and the preparation energy consumption is low, almost pollution-free.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
The preparation of embodiment 1 NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the present invention
Adopt median size to be respectively Ni powder and the Al powder of 80 μ m and 90 μ m, carry out batch mixing, under the pressure of 400MPa, carry out common die forming subsequently, make flake shaped base substrate by the composition proportion of Ni-15wt%Al (weight proportion that is Al is 15%).The synthetic sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering technology that adopts of reaction, vacuum tightness is 1.0~1.0 * 10 -1Pa, at first the temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min rises to 530 ℃, and soaking time is 60min; Temperature rise rate with 5 ℃/min rises to 1250 ℃ then, insulation 60min; Furnace cooling promptly gets NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the present invention.Its microtexture is seen Fig. 1.
After measured, the porosity of above-mentioned NiAl intermetallic compound porous material is 42%, and the maximum diameter of hole is 32 μ m.
The preparation of embodiment 2 NiAl intermetallic compound porous materials of the present invention
Adopt median size to be respectively Ni powder and the Al powder of 10 μ m and 5 μ m, carry out batch mixing, under the pressure of 100MPa, carry out common die forming subsequently, make flake shaped base substrate by the composition proportion of Ni-20wt%Al.The synthetic sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering technology that adopts of reaction, vacuum tightness is 1.0 * 10 -1~1.0 * 10 -2Pa, at first the temperature rise rate with 4 ℃/min rises to 550 ℃, and soaking time is 90min; Temperature rise rate with 7 ℃/min rises to 1100 ℃ then, insulation 90min; Furnace cooling promptly gets NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the present invention.
After measured, the porosity of above-mentioned NiAl intermetallic compound porous material is 35%, and the maximum diameter of hole is 15 μ m.
The preparation of embodiment 3 NiAl intermetallic compound porous materials of the present invention
Adopt median size to be respectively Ni powder and the Al powder of 60 μ m and 50 μ m, carry out batch mixing, under the pressure of 200MPa, carry out cold isostatic compaction subsequently, make the tubulose base substrate by the composition proportion of Ni-30wt%Al.The synthetic sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering technology that adopts of reaction, vacuum tightness is 1.0 * 10 -1~1.0 * 10 -2Pa, at first the temperature rise rate with 3 ℃/min rises to 470 ℃, and soaking time is 120min; Temperature rise rate with 8 ℃/min rises to 1000 ℃ then, insulation 90min; Furnace cooling promptly gets NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the present invention.
After measured, the porosity of above-mentioned NiAl intermetallic compound porous material is 43%, and the maximum diameter of hole is 22 μ m.
The preparation of embodiment 4 NiAl intermetallic compound porous materials of the present invention
Adopt median size to be respectively Ni powder and the Al powder of 30 μ m and 20 μ m, carry out batch mixing, under the pressure of 250MPa, carry out cold isostatic compaction subsequently, make the tubulose base substrate by the composition proportion of Ni-35wt%Al.The synthetic sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering technology that adopts of reaction, vacuum tightness is 1.0~1.0 * 10 -1Pa, at first the temperature rise rate with 2 ℃/min rises to 580 ℃, and soaking time is 60min; Temperature rise rate with 10 ℃/min rises to 950 ℃ then, insulation 120min; Furnace cooling promptly gets NiAl intermetallic compound porous material of the present invention.
After measured, the porosity of above-mentioned NiAl intermetallic compound porous material is 52%, and the maximum diameter of hole is 18 μ m.

Claims (1)

1.NiAl the preparation method of intermetallic compound porous material is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
A, raw material powder uniform mixing: Ni: Al=60~90: 10~40 are with Ni, Al powder mechanically mixing by weight ratio; Wherein, the median size of Ni, Al powder is all in 5~100 mu m ranges;
B, moulding: in 80~400Mpa, compression molding; Wherein, compression molding adopts the powder metallurgy pressing mode to be pressed into laminar blank or the isostatic cool pressing mode is made the tubulose base;
C, vacuum sintering: adopt the sectional type vacuum non-pressure sintering, vacuum tightness is 1.0~1.0 * 10 -2Pa, at first the speed with 1~5 ℃/min heats up, and between 450~600 ℃, be incubated 60~120min, speed with 5~10 ℃/min rises to 950~1250 ℃ subsequently, insulation 15~120min, furnace cooling promptly gets the NiAl intermetallic compound porous material then, this porous material has the network hole that 3 D stereo is communicated with, 30%~55% porosity.
CN2008103047201A 2008-09-27 2008-09-27 Nial intermetallic compound porous material and preparation method thereof Active CN101358304B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101857925B (en) * 2010-07-07 2011-07-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of ultrafine grained Ni-Al alloy
CN102071333B (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-03-07 中南大学 Method for preparing foamed TiAl intermetallic compound
CN102212729B (en) * 2011-04-17 2012-10-03 山东科技大学 TiB2-TiC-TiN-NiAl porous composite material with combined hole pattern and preparation method thereof
CN102443796B (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-01-22 九江学院 Porous Fe-Al intermetallic compound coating and its preparation method
CN102864323B (en) * 2012-09-25 2014-07-02 中国科学院金属研究所 Preparation method of Ni-Al alloy porous material with controllable structure
CN102925206B (en) * 2012-10-31 2015-06-10 成都易态科技有限公司 Membrane filtration element for catalytic reforming and preparation method thereof
CN103320638B (en) * 2013-06-30 2015-08-05 成都易态科技有限公司 The preparation method of sintered porous material
CN104419841B (en) * 2013-08-30 2016-08-24 成都易态科技有限公司 The preparation method of powder sintered metal porous body
CN104588651A (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-05-06 成都易态科技有限公司 Flexible multi-hole metal foil and manufacturing method thereof
CN106834761B (en) * 2016-12-31 2018-04-13 西安交通大学青岛研究院 A kind of vacuum smelting method of intermetallic Ni-Al compound
CN106834762B (en) * 2016-12-31 2018-09-28 西安交通大学青岛研究院 A kind of vacuum melting device of intermetallic Ni-Al compound
CN107965775A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-04-27 成都易态科技有限公司 The method and apparatus for reducing dioxin in the flue gas of waste incineration discharge
CN109628785B (en) * 2019-01-23 2020-04-21 宁波合盛新材料有限公司 Preparation method of 7XXX aluminum alloy billet
CN113427002B (en) * 2021-06-25 2022-06-21 哈尔滨工业大学 Pressureless sintering preparation method of three-dimensional porous structure
CN115383114B (en) * 2022-09-19 2024-01-19 西北有色金属研究院 Preparation method of high-porosity Al-rich phase porous Ni-Al intermetallic compound

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