CN101358262A - Method for producing nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor - Google Patents
Method for producing nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101358262A CN101358262A CNA2008102002612A CN200810200261A CN101358262A CN 101358262 A CN101358262 A CN 101358262A CN A2008102002612 A CNA2008102002612 A CN A2008102002612A CN 200810200261 A CN200810200261 A CN 200810200261A CN 101358262 A CN101358262 A CN 101358262A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production process for the as-cast ductile iron crankshaft of a larger-power air conditioning compressor, the steps of the production process comprise sand mixing, molding, burden smelting, tapping spheroidizing inoculation treatment, casting, cooling, unpacking and casting cleaning. The burden smelting step comprises allocating burdens and smelting, the mass percentage of the burdens is: 20 to 30 percent of pig iron, 35 to 45 percent of returning iron and 30 to 40 percent of scrap steel, the burdens are smelted by a medium-frequency induction furnace. The tapping spheroidizing inoculation treatment comprises spheroidizing treatment and barium ferrosilicon one-time inoculation treatment; the secondary stream inoculation of sulfur-oxygen inoculants is carried out when casting. The crankshaft casting of the production process adopts the vertical arrangement process, and iron liquid enters into the casting riser while passing through the three-layer lamina ingate of a sprue. The produced crankshaft has more than and equal to 700MPa of tensile strength and more than and equal to 2 percent of tensile stretch, the spheroidization rate of casting bodies are more than and equal to 80 percent, the content of pearlite is more than and equal to 90 percent, the carbide is less than and equal to 1 percent, iron phosphide eutectic is less than and equal to 1 percent, the hardness is 220 to 280 HBS, and the hardness difference of all points on a single crankshaft is less than 20 HBS.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the crankshaft casting field, particularly a kind of production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor.
Background technology
1.0 the microspheric form iron crankshaft of using on～1.5 compressors of air conditioner, every bent axle gross weight is 0.3～0.6 kilogram not to be waited.The bent axle processing set-up that adopts is double horizontally disposed or double being in tilted layout, and has formed ripe typical process.
For 3 large power air-conditioned compressors, 1.05 kilograms/part of its bent axle gross weight.The material mark of bent axle is QT700-2, will satisfy tensile strength 〉=700Mpa, elongation 〉=2% with the mechanical property of the coupon of single casting test block cast; Metallographic structure requires nodularization rate 〉=80% of foundry goods body, content of pearlite in alloy 〉=90%, carbide≤1%, iron phosphide eutectic≤1%; The hardness of foundry goods body is 220-～280HBS, the difference of hardness≤20HBS of each point on the single foundry goods; Each position of foundry goods does not allow any casting flaw.
Adopting the small crankshaft maturation process---double technology and the single horizontally disposed technology of being in tilted layout is produced, and scrap rate has reached 20% and 40% respectively all than higher as a result; And the difference of hardness of each point exceeds standard greatly on the single bent axle, reaches 30～40HBS.
Summary of the invention
The ball as cast state iron crankshaft of producing the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor, so that can satisfy above-mentioned technical requirements.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor, its step comprise mulling, moulding, furnace charge melting, the spheroidization and inoculation that taps a blast furnace processing, cast, cooling, unpacking, casting finish; Wherein,
Described furnace charge melting step comprises, configuration furnace charge and melting, and the charge composition mass percent is: the pig iron 20～30%, foundry return 35～45%, steel scrap 30～40%; Melting adopts medium-frequency induction furnace to carry out the melting of iron liquid, and smelting temperature is 1450～1560 ℃;
The described spheroidization and inoculation treatment process of tapping a blast furnace comprises spheroidizing and two steps of inoculation of silicon barium;
In the described cast operation, adopt automatic modeling crankshaft casting vertical arrangement mode, iron liquid enters some sprues after entering cross gate through sprue cup simultaneously, and the iron liquid in the sprue enters foundry goods and rising head simultaneously by several layers thin slice ingate up and down; Teeming temperature is controlled at 1320～1430 ℃, and carries out the current-following inoculation second time with sulphur oxygen nucleating agent when cast.
Further, the chemical ingredients mass percent of automatic modeling crankshaft casting: C 3.3～3.8%, Si 2.0～2.75%, Mn0.3～0.65%, P≤0.08%, S≤0.03%, Mg0.02～0.07%, RE0.01～0.05%, Cu≤1.0%, Sn≤0.05%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
It is 1.0～20.% of the melting amount of tapping a blast furnace that described spheroidizing step adds the nodulizing agent total amount, and the chemical ingredients mass percent of nodulizing agent is: Mg 5.0～8.0%, RE 1.0～2.6%, Si 35～48%, Ca1.0～3.0%, Mn≤4.0%, Al≤0.5%, Ti≤0.5%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
The granularity of described nodulizing agent is: 4～20mm.
The adding total amount that described silicon barium once breeds the used silicon titanate innoculant of step is 0.5～1.0% of the melting amount of tapping a blast furnace; The chemical ingredients mass percent of silicon titanate innoculant is: Si 60～70%, Ca0.5～3.0%, Ba 1.0～6.0%, Al 1.0～3.0%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
The granularity of described silicon titanate innoculant is: 3～10mm.
Carrying out for the second time with sulphur oxygen nucleating agent during described the cast, the add-on of the sulphur oxygen nucleating agent of current-following inoculation is 0.05～0.20% of a cast iron liquid measure; The chemical ingredients mass percent of sulphur oxygen nucleating agent is: Si 65～76%, Al 0.5～1.5%, Ca 0.5～2.5%, Ce 1.0～3.0%, S 0.3～2.0%, O0.2～1.5%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
The granularity of described sulphur oxygen nucleating agent is: 0.10～0.70mm.
The present invention adopts automatic modeling crankshaft casting vertical arrangement technology, be characterized in: iron liquid enters four sprues after entering cross gate through sprue cup simultaneously, iron liquid in the sprue enters foundry goods and rising head simultaneously by three layers of thin slice ingate up and down, it act as: iron liquid was to the impact of casting mold, to reduce the knockout defective when (1) slowed down cast; After (2) three layers of ingate inject iron liquid simultaneously, the temperature difference between the foundry goods levels is reduced, the matrix of each section of levels is identical behind the casting solidification, thereby the hardness that has reached each section of levels much at one, thereby has improved machining property and working accuracy thereof; (3) guaranteed the highest and final set of the fluid temperature of rising head thermal center part of vertex, thereby guaranteed the feeding effect of rising head, made the body of casting not produce shrinkage defect.
Existing large power air-conditioned compressor bent axle all adopts small power bent axle maturation process to arrange---and double inclination or the unsuccessful reason of single horizontal techniques are: along with the increase of crank shaft blank diameter and length, tilting or horizontality when pouring into a mould; Iron liquid filling time is long, causes iron liquid longer to the storing time of die cavity, thereby die cavity top layer moulding-sand property is damaged, thereby is easy to produce knockout, pore and dreg defect.
After adopting castmethod of the present invention, the ball as cast state iron crankshaft tensile strength 〉=700Mpa that produces, elongation 〉=2%; Nodularization rate 〉=80% of metallographic structure foundry goods body, content of pearlite in alloy 〉=90%, carbide≤1%, iron phosphide eutectic≤1%; The hardness of casting body is 220～280HBS, each point difference of hardness≤20HBS on the single bent axle, and each position of foundry goods is without any casting flaw.Satisfy every technical requirements of as cast condition bent axle fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor blank of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side-view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor casting technique synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1～Fig. 3, the synoptic diagram of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor blank of the present invention and crankshaft casting synoptic diagram.
The production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor of the present invention, its step comprise mulling, moulding, furnace charge melting, the spheroidization and inoculation that taps a blast furnace processing, cast, cooling, unpacking, casting finish; The described spheroidization and inoculation treatment process of tapping a blast furnace comprises spheroidizing and two steps of inoculation of silicon barium; In the described cast operation, adopt automatic modeling crankshaft casting vertical arrangement mode, iron liquid enters some sprues 3 after entering cross gate 2 through sprue cup 1 simultaneously, and the iron liquid in the sprue 3 enters foundry goods and rising head 4 simultaneously by several layers thin slice ingate 5 up and down; And when cast, carry out the current-following inoculation second time with sulphur oxygen nucleating agent.
Embodiment 1
Nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor castmethod of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) mulling moulding
The mulling operation is finished in sand preparing system, mix in the sand storage bin of molding sand above rotary conveyor is delivered to molding machine make, quantitatively inject then in the compacting chamber of molding machine, carry out molding after the compacting by molding machine, release after finishing the moulding task, wait to be cast.
(2) furnace charge melting
Dispose furnace charge earlier, the weight proportion of furnace charge is: 25% the pig iron, 40% foundry return, 35% steel scrap; Then the furnace charge that configures is dropped into medium-frequency induction furnace and carry out the melting of iron liquid, temperature of fusion is 1540 ℃, leaves standstill insulation 5～10 minutes, allows impurity in the iron liquid is fully floating to come up, take off after assembling with poly-slag agent come out of the stove outside, do not allow these impurity bands in the iron liquid of handling.
(3) spheroidization and inoculation that taps a blast furnace is handled
Comprise spheroidizing and two steps of silicon barium inoculation, wherein spheroidizing is adopted and is poured the method spheriodization process thereof, and the nodulizing agent granularity is 4～20mm, and the nodulizing agent add-on is 1.20%, and iron liquid tapping temperature is 1540 ℃.The amount of tapping a blast furnace is 2/3 of a total amount for the first time, the reaction times of nodulizing agent and iron liquid is 60～80 seconds, after finishing, question response scratches clean the scum silica frost above the iron liquid, add remaining 1/3 iron liquid then, when adding iron liquid, carry out inoculation along with iron liquid stream adds 0.60% silicon titanate innoculant, stir at last and the bonnet of skimming on insulating covering agent go to pour into a mould.Wherein the chemical ingredients mass percent of the nodulizing agent of Jia Ruing is: contain Mg5.5, RE 1.0, Si 35, Ca 1.5 and Fe surplus; The chemical ingredients mass percent of silicon titanate innoculant is: Si 60, Ca 3.0, Ba 3.5, Al 3.0 and Fe surplus.
(4) cast
In casting-up district to be poured, pour into a mould dual-purpose iron liquid bag with 250 kilograms nodularization and pour into a mould.The teeming temperature of iron liquid is 1380 ℃, in the iron liquid casting process, is undertaken breeding the second time by funnel---current-following inoculation adds sulphur oxygen nucleating agent 0.15%.The nucleating agent granularity is 0.2～0.7mm, and the chemical ingredients mass percent of nucleating agent is: Si 68, Al 1.5, Ca 2.5, Ce3.0, S2.0, O1.5 and Fe surplus.
(5) cooling is unpacked
(6) casting finish
(7) quality test
The product of disqualified upon inspection is eliminated and is cancelled; The qualified spray salable product warehouse that enters.
Product grade is QT700-2, single casting test block tensile strength 〉=700Mpa, elongation 〉=2%; Nodularization rate 〉=80% of metallographic structure foundry goods body, content of pearlite in alloy 〉=90%, carbide≤1%, iron phosphide eutectic≤1%; The hardness of body of casting body is 220～280HBS, each point difference of hardness≤20HBS on the single foundry goods, and each position of foundry goods is without any casting flaw.
Table 1
The technological process of embodiment 2,3,4,5 is no longer set forth with embodiment 1.
Claims (9)
1. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor, it comprises the steps: to mix, and sand, moulding, furnace charge melting, the spheroidization and inoculation that taps a blast furnace are handled, cast, cooling, unpack, the body of casting clears up; Wherein,
Described furnace charge melting comprises that the charge composition mass percent is: the pig iron 20～30%, foundry return 35～45%, steel scrap 30～40%; Melting adopts medium-frequency induction furnace to carry out the melting of iron liquid, and smelting temperature is 1450～1560 ℃;
The described spheroidization and inoculation treatment process of tapping a blast furnace comprises spheroidizing and two steps of inoculation of silicon barium;
In the described cast operation, adopt automatic modeling crankshaft casting vertical arrangement mode, iron liquid enters some sprues after entering cross gate through sprue cup simultaneously, and the iron liquid in the sprue enters foundry goods and rising head simultaneously by several layers thin slice ingate up and down; Teeming temperature is controlled at 1320～1430 ℃, and carries out the current-following inoculation second time with sulphur oxygen nucleating agent when cast.
2. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, adopt the automatic modeling crankshaft casting vertical arrangement, iron liquid enters four sprues through sprue cup after entering cross gate simultaneously, and the iron liquid in the sprue enters foundry goods and rising head simultaneously by three layers of thin slice ingate up and down.
3. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the chemical ingredients mass percent of bent axle is: C 3.3～3.8%, Si 2.0～2.75%, Mn 0.30～0.65%, P≤0.08%, S≤0.03%, Mg 0.02～0.07%, RE0.01～0.05%, Cu≤1.0%, Sn≤0.05%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
4. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the nodulizing agent total amount that described spheroidizing step adds is 1.0～2.0% of the amount of tapping a blast furnace; The chemical ingredients mass percent of nodulizing agent is: Mg 5.0～8.0%, RE1.0～2.6%, Si 35～48%, Ca 1.0～3.0%, Mn≤4.0%, Al≤0.5%, Ti≤0.5%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
5. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the granularity of described nodulizing agent is 4～20mm.
6. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the adding total amount that described silicon barium once breeds the used silicon titanate innoculant of step is 0.5～1.0% of the melting amount of tapping a blast furnace; The chemical ingredients mass percent of silicon titanate innoculant is: Si60～70%, Ca 0.5～3.0%, Ba 1.0～6.0%, Al 1.0～3.0%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
7. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the granularity of described silicon titanate innoculant is 3～10mm.
8. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the sulphur oxygen nucleating agent that cast uses sulphur oxygen nucleating agent to carry out breeding with sulphur for the second time adds total amount and is 0.05～0.20% of cast iron liquid measure; The chemical ingredients mass percent of sulphur oxygen nucleating agent is: Si 65～76%, Al 0.5～1.5%, Ca 0.5～2.5%, Ce 1.0～3.0%, S 0.3～2.0%, O 0.20～1.5%, Fe surplus and inevitable impurity.
9. the production method of nodular cast iron crankshaft of large power air-conditioned compressor as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the granularity of described sulphur oxygen nucleating agent is 0.1～0.7mm.
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