CN101357567B - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents
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- CN101357567B CN101357567B CN2008101266524A CN200810126652A CN101357567B CN 101357567 B CN101357567 B CN 101357567B CN 2008101266524 A CN2008101266524 A CN 2008101266524A CN 200810126652 A CN200810126652 A CN 200810126652A CN 101357567 B CN101357567 B CN 101357567B
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Abstract
The invention provides pneumatic tires capable of improving control stability, especially the steering response performance. A plurality of longitudinal main channels with depth more than 7.0 mm are equipped on the tire surface, thereby having circumferential land portion group; the circumferential land portion group comprises a plurality of circumferential land portions composed by pattern ribs or pattern blocks. The ground surface of the tire surface is divided into five width zones by equal width hypothesis, the five width zones are: a central area on the equatorial line, a tire shoulder area on the tire surface ground end side and their central area; the circumferential land portion group comprises: a circumferential land portion for locating the area core in the central area; and a circumferential land portion for locating the area core in the tire shoulder of the tire shoulder area. When the circumferential rigidity of the circumferential unit length of each circumferential land portion group is KX, the circumferential rigidity of the central circumferential land portion is KXc and the circumferential rigidity of the central circumferential land portion less than the tire shoulder is KXs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the operation stabilization performance, particularly the air-inflation tyre of steering response performance.
Background technology
Under the situation of driver's steering wheel rotation, make phenomenon that the yaw acceleration/accel, transverse acceleration of vehicle improve corresponding to this steering operation, be the steering response performance, also important performance in the vehicle handling and stability energy.
And, about near the response performance the less N of this steering response performance, particularly slip angle (neutral), the outer shape of known and Tyre structure and tire etc. has very strong related, according to this viewpoint, has carried out being devoted to improve the cooperation research of steering response performance in the past.
Yet, only improve the internal structure and the outer shape of this tire, be limited to the raising of steering response performance.
Therefore, the inventor is conceived to the tread of tyre decorative pattern, studies with the related of steering response performance with regard to this tread contour.Particularly, according to experience in the past, rigidity the greater of decorative pattern can be expected the steering response performance, has made decorative pattern A shown in Figure 18 (A)～(D) and the tire (size 225/60R16) of decorative pattern B1～B4.The tire of decorative pattern A is the tire of the standard of selling on the market, and the tire of decorative pattern B1～B4 has made identical with the internal structure of the tire of decorative pattern A etc. and the different tire of tread contour just.Each decorative pattern A, B1～B4 all are by four more than the ditch depth 7.0mm vertical tap drain g tyre surface to be divided into the five weeks a of portion landwards, and all rigidity of decorative pattern are the order of B1＜B2＜B3＜A＜B4.In addition, decorative pattern B1 is identical decorative pattern with decorative pattern B2, just the ditch depth difference.
And, each tire is carried out the real vehicle test of travelling, and according to the sense evaluation of chaufeur, it is that 6 10 point-scores are estimated that near the steering response performance the N is adopted with decorative pattern A.Its result is as shown in table 1, and is different with in the past experience, is judged to be between all rigidity of decorative pattern and near the steering response performance the N not have simple interrelation.Therefore, the inventor, and studies with near the related of steering response performance the N this rigidity KX, KY each week measuring to the rigid circumference KX and the tire axial rigidity KY of unit length weekly among a of portion landwards each tire.Consequently, axially the stiffness distribution, the particularly distribution of rigid circumference KX of a of land portion are brought stronger influence to the steering response performance, and research draws, and by determining the distribution of this rigid circumference KX, can improve near the steering response performance the N.
Table 1
| Decorative pattern A | Decorative pattern B1 | Decorative pattern B2 | Decorative pattern B3 | Decorative pattern B4 | |
| Near the N |
6 | 6.5 | 8 | 7.5 | 7 |
Summary of the invention
Promptly the objective of the invention is to, provide a kind of can with specific week of being divided by vertical tap drain landwards portion rigid circumference be distributed as substantially, improve near the steering response performance the N, and improve the air-inflation tyre of operation stabilization performance.
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2000-38010 communique
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2002-67624 communique
To achieve these goals, the application's technical scheme 1 described invention is a kind of like this air-inflation tyre, it has tread contour, thereby by set on the tyre surface many along tire circumferentially extend and ditch depth this tread contour of vertical tap drain more than 7.0mm have by a plurality of weeks landwards week of constituting of portion portion's group landwards, wherein, above-mentioned week landwards portion comprise: pattern rib or pattern block row, above-mentioned pattern rib be divided between above-mentioned vertical tap drain and above-mentioned vertical tap drain and tyre surface end limit between, and above-mentioned pattern block row are formed along circumferential array by pattern block, and this pattern block forms separating between above-mentioned vertical tap drain or between above-mentioned vertical tap drain and the tyre surface end limit by traverse furrow, it is characterized in that, tyre surface connected to chassis tyre surface ground plane under regular load loading condition is divided into five width regions with the equal wide imagination, that is: the middle section on the tire equator, zone line between shoulder zone that tyre surface ground connection is distolateral and above-mentioned middle section and the above-mentioned shoulder zone, and above-mentioned week is portion's group landwards, comprise: the week of central authorities is portion row landwards, be positioned at by area center of gravity the surface above-mentioned middle section place central authorities week landwards portion constitute; Middle week is portion's row landwards, its be by the area center of gravity with the surface be positioned at above-mentioned zone line place the centre week landwards portion constitute; And the week of tire shoulder portion row landwards, be positioned at by area center of gravity the surface above-mentioned shoulder zone place tire shoulder week landwards portion constitute, and when each above-mentioned week landwards portion weekly when the rigid circumference of unit length is KX, with week of above-mentioned central authorities rigid circumference KXc of portion landwards, be made as less than week of above-mentioned tire shoulder rigid circumference KXs of portion landwards, with week of above-mentioned centre rigid circumference KXm of portion landwards, be made as greater than above-mentioned rigid circumference KXc and less than above-mentioned rigid circumference KXs, and when each above-mentioned week landwards portion weekly when the axial stiffness of the tire axial of unit length is KY, with week of above-mentioned central authorities axial stiffness KYc of portion landwards, be made as in week of above-mentioned tire shoulder landwards more than the axial stiffness KYs of portion.
In addition, technical scheme 2 described inventions is characterized in that the week of above-mentioned centre is the axial stiffness KYm of portion landwards, are made as below the above-mentioned axial stiffness KYc and more than above-mentioned axial stiffness KYs.
In addition, technical scheme 3 described inventions is characterized in that, in above-mentioned week landwards in portion's group, at least one week landwards portion's row used the different rubber raw materials of complex elasticity rate of circumferential complex elasticity rate and tire axial.
In addition, technical scheme 4 described inventions is characterized in that, in above-mentioned week landwards in portion's group, at least one week landwards portion's row used and other the week different rubber raw materials of tensile modulus of elasticity of portion's row landwards.
In addition, technical scheme 5 described inventions is characterized in that, above-mentioned week landwards portion's group asymmetricly be formed with: the week portion row landwards of first tire shoulder that are equipped on a side of tire equator; And the week portion row landwards of second tire shoulder that are equipped on the opposite side of tire equator, and the week of first tire shoulder landwards first tire shoulder of portion row week landwards portion and second tire shoulder week landwards second tire shoulder of portion's row week landwards portion use the different rubber raw materials of tensile modulus of elasticity to form, with week of above-mentioned first tire shoulder landwards rigid circumference KXs1 and above-mentioned second tire shoulder of portion week landwards the ratio KXs1/KXs2 of the rigid circumference KXs2 of portion be located at 1.0 ± 0.1 scope.
In this manual, above-mentioned " regular load loading condition " be meant, be assembled in regular wheel rim and filling on the tire of pressing in regular, load the state of regular load.In addition, above-mentioned " regular wheel rim " is meant, in the schematism of the specification that comprises tire institute foundation, stipulate the wheel rim of this specification by each tire, for example, if JATMA then is a standard rim, if TRA then is " a design wheel rim (Design Rim) ", perhaps if ETRTO then is " measuring wheel rim (Measuring Rim) ".Above-mentioned " pressing in regular " is meant, stipulate the air pressure of above-mentioned specification by each tire, if JATMA, then be the highest air pressure, if TRA, then for showing the maxim that " TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATIONPRESSURES " put down in writing, if ETRTO, then be " inflation pressure (INFLATION PRESSURE) ", however next at car with the situation of tire be 180kPa.Above-mentioned " regular load " is meant, stipulate the load of above-mentioned specification by each tire, if JATMA, it then is maximum load capability, if TRA, then for showing the maxim that " TIRE LOADLIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES " put down in writing, if ETRTO then is " load-carrying capacity (LOAD CAPACITY) "
The present invention adopts the tread contour of following stiffness distribution as mentioned above, that is, with week of central authorities being made as to the rigid circumference KXc of unit length weekly of portion landwards, less than week of tire shoulder landwards portion weekly to the rigid circumference KXs of unit length.Therefore,, the raising of lateral control force is accelerated, improve near the steering response performance of N according to the aftermentioned reason.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the expansion drawing of expression airtyred tread contour of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the week partial perspective view of portion landwards of expression central authorities.
Fig. 3 (A), (B) are the week partial perspective views of portion landwards in the middle of the expression.
Fig. 4 (A), (B) are the week partial perspective views of portion landwards of expression tire shoulder.
Fig. 5 is that all portions landwards of expression are the block diagram of the situation of pattern block row.
Fig. 6 (A), (B) are the cutaway views of the measuring method of explanation rigid circumference and axial stiffness.
Fig. 7 (A), (B) are the line charts of the stiffness distribution of rigid circumference in the expression sample tire and axial stiffness.
Fig. 8 is the line chart of result of a measurement of the lateral control force of expression sample tire.
Fig. 9 (A), (B) are the stiffness distribution of comparison in the sample tire and the figure of lateral control force.
Figure 10 (A)～(C) is the stiffness distribution of comparison in the sample tire and the figure of lateral control force.
Figure 11 (A)～(C) is the stiffness distribution of comparison in the sample tire and the figure of lateral control force.
Figure 12 (A), (B) are the stiffness distribution of comparison in the sample tire and the figure of lateral control force.
Figure 13 (A), (B) are the stiffness distribution of comparison in the sample tire and the figure of lateral control force.
Figure 14 (A)～(D) is the simple cutaway view of the fetus face that makes use-case of the anisotropic rubber raw materials of expression.
Figure 15 (A) is another routine expansion drawing of expression tread contour, (B) is the simple cutaway view of the fetus face that makes use-case of expression rubber raw materials at this moment.
Figure 16 is the line chart of the stiffness distribution of illustration rigid circumference at this moment.
Figure 17 is the line chart of the stiffness distribution of the rigid circumference of the tire shown in the illustration table 2 and axial stiffness.
Figure 18 (A)～(D) is the expansion drawing of the tread contour of the testing tire that uses in contriver's infrastest, (E) is the expansion drawing of tread of tyre decorative pattern of the embodiment 3 of table 2.
Symbol among the figure: 2... tyre surface; 2S... tyre surface ground plane; 3... vertical tap drain; 4,4c, 4m, 4s... week portion landwards; 5... pattern rib; 7... traverse furrow; 8... pattern block; 9... pattern block row; R, Rc, Rm, Rs... week be portion's row landwards; Sc... middle section; Ss... shoulder zone; Sm... zone line.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to illustrated example an embodiment of the invention are described.Fig. 1 is an expression air-inflation tyre of the present invention, illustrates as the expansion drawing of car with the tread contour under the situation of radial-ply tyre.
As shown in Figure 1, the tread contour of the air-inflation tyre 1 of present embodiment, many vertical tap drains 3 that on tyre surface 2, circumferentially extend along tire by configuration, have: week is landwards organized, landwards organize in this week by between this vertical tap drain 3,3 and a plurality of weeks of being divided between above-mentioned vertical tap drain 3 and the tyre surface end limit portion 4 and constituting landwards.
And, when above-mentioned tyre surface 2 connected to chassis tyre surface ground plane 2S imagination under regular load loading condition being divided into: when the shoulder zone Ss of the middle section Sc on the tire equator C, tyre surface ground terminal TE side and five width regions of the zone line Sm between them with equal wide, above-mentioned week landwards the structure of portion's group comprise at least: week portion's row Rc landwards of central authorities, its by one or more with week landwards the area center of gravity on the surface of portion 4 (figure center) be positioned at the week 4c of portion and constituting landwards of the central authorities at above-mentioned middle section Sc place; The week of tire shoulder is portion's row Rs landwards, its by one or more with week landwards the area center of gravity on the surface of portion 4 be positioned at the week 4s of portion and constituting landwards of the tire shoulder at above-mentioned shoulder zone Ss place.In addition, above-mentioned regular load loading condition such as above-mentioned definition.In addition, tyre surface ground terminal TE is meant, the position of the tire axial outermost end of above-mentioned tyre surface ground terminal 2S.
When this routine tread contour is specifically described, above-mentioned vertical tap drain 3 is by the interior vertical tap drain 3i, the 3i that are equipped on tire equator C both sides, with the vertical tap drain 3o, the 3o that are equipped on its tire axial outside totally 4 and constitute, thus, above-mentioned tyre surface 2 form by five weeks landwards week of constituting of portion 4 portion's group landwards.And the formation of portion's group landwards of this week comprises: week portion's row Rc landwards of central authorities, its in this example that the area center of gravity is arranged in above-mentioned middle section Sc place by week of one central authorities 4c of portion and constituting landwards; Middle week is portion's row Rm landwards, its in this example that is equipped on its outside and the area center of gravity is arranged in above-mentioned zone line Sm place by week of one centre 4m of portion and constituting landwards; The week of tire shoulder is portion's row Rs landwards, its in this example that is equipped on its more lateral and the area center of gravity is arranged in above-mentioned shoulder zone Ss place by week of one tire shoulder 4s of portion and constituting landwards, in addition, each week is portion's row Rc, Rm, Rs landwards, also can be respectively by many (for example two) the weeks landwards 4c of portion, 4m, 4s and form.
At this, above-mentioned vertical tap drain 3 is to be the above ditch body of 7.0mm apart from the ditch depth Dg (shown in Figure 2) of tyre surface 2, and circumferentially extends with linearity or zig-zag (comprise wavy etc.) along tire.In addition, the viewpoint according to drainage is preferably linearity.In addition, the ditch width Wg of above-mentioned vertical tap drain 3, according to tire classification etc. and different, however at car with under the situation of tire, according to the viewpoint of drainage, abrasion resistance, road-holding property etc., be fit to adopt the scope of 5～15mm.In addition, the higher limit of above-mentioned ditch depth Dg, also according to tire classification etc. and different, however at car with under the situation of tire, be preferably below the 9mm.
Then, above-mentioned week landwards portion 4 can form, the pattern rib 5 that circumferentially extends in fact continuously along tire, perhaps as Fig. 5 is illustrative, the pattern block of being divided by traverse furrow 78 is along the pattern block row 9 of circumferential array.In addition, " continuous in fact " is meant, the joint-cutting of ditch width closure when allowing by ground connection, i.e. the tire sipe situation of dividing.
In this example, as shown in Figure 1, 2, the week of above-mentioned central authorities landwards the 4c of portion be pattern rib 5, in its surface, along circumferentially spaced be provided with crosscut should week the tire sipe 10 of many horizontal strokes of the 4c of portion landwards.
In addition, the week of above-mentioned centre is the 4m of portion landwards, shown in Fig. 1,3, forms pattern rib 5 in this example.Specifically, middle week is the 4m of portion landwards, by the vertical rill 11 that circumferentially extends along tire, divided into along tire axial: the secondary land 4mb of portion that the main land 4ma of portion of wider width and width are narrower, and the above-mentioned secondary land 4mb of portion forms the decorative pattern strip shape body that circumferentially extends continuously along tire.In addition, the above-mentioned main land 4ma of portion forms pattern block row shape body, and it forms along circumferential array for the decorative pattern bulk portion that divided by the horizontal shape ditch 12 of this main land 4ma of portion of crosscut 13.In this decorative pattern bulk portion 13, be equipped with the horizontal tire sipe 14 that extends with above-mentioned horizontal shape ditch 12 basic identical crustal inclination.
At this, above-mentioned week is the 4m of portion landwards, be counted as the reason of pattern rib 5, be owing to comprise that at least the decorative pattern strip shape body that circumferentially extends continuously along above-mentioned tire is the secondary land 4mb of portion, therefore, when only at pattern block row shape body, promptly the main land 4ma of portion forms week landwards under the situation of the 4m of portion, as shown in Figure 5, then above-mentioned 12 formation crosscut weeks of horizontal shape ditch are the traverse furrow 7 of the 4m of portion landwards, therefore, above-mentioned week landwards the 4m of portion form pattern block row 9, its pattern block of being divided by traverse furrow 78 forms along circumferential array.
In addition, the week of above-mentioned tire shoulder is the 4s of portion landwards, also as the Fig. 1 in this example, the pattern rib 5 that forms shown in Figure 4.The week of this tire shoulder is the 4s of portion landwards, by the vertical rill 15 that circumferentially extends along tire, be divided into: the secondary land 4sb of portion that the main land 4sa of portion of wider width and width are narrower, and the above-mentioned secondary land 4sb of portion form the decorative pattern strip shape body that circumferentially extends continuously along tire.In addition, the above-mentioned main land 4sa of portion forms pattern block row shape body, and this pattern block row shape body forms along circumferential array for the decorative pattern bulk portion that divided by the horizontal shape ditch 16 of this main land 4sa of portion of crosscut 17.In this decorative pattern bulk portion 17, be equipped with the horizontal tire sipe 18 that extends with above-mentioned horizontal shape ditch 16 basic identical crustal inclination.
In addition, above-mentioned vertical rill 11,15 its ditch depth D1 at least is a more shallow ditch body less than 7mm, thereby distinguishes with above-mentioned vertical tap drain 3.In addition, the ditch depth D2 of above-mentioned horizontal shape ditch 12,16 and traverse furrow 7, though yet not specially provided for can be below 100% of above-mentioned ditch depth Dg for more than the 7mm at least, preferably be set to 50%～90% scope.At the bottom of trench of above-mentioned horizontal shape ditch 12,16 and traverse furrow 7, can form partly in addition from the groove reinforced rib of its bottom of trench protuberance.
And, in the present invention, when with above-mentioned week landwards portion 4 weekly when the rigid circumference of unit length is made as KX, then with week of above-mentioned central authorities landwards the rigid circumference KXc of the 4c of portion be made as less than week of the above-mentioned tire shoulder rigid circumference KXs of the 4s of portion (KXc＜KXs) landwards.At this moment, the week of above-mentioned centre is the rigid circumference KXm of the 4m of portion landwards, preferably, and greater than above-mentioned rigid circumference KXc and less than above-mentioned rigid circumference KXs (KXc＜KXm＜KXs).
At this, week landwards portion 4 weekly to the rigid circumference KX of unit length, shown in Fig. 6 (A),, cut out the week sample Q of portion 4 landwards, and fix the base portion Qa of this sample Q with the ground contact length L on the tire equator C under the above-mentioned regular load loading condition.And, in the surface that makes sample Q (tyre surface) load under the vertical load load condition of pressure P of 200kpa, circumferential load Fx is acted on above-mentioned surface, and obtains the ratio of Fx/ δ x from the circumferential displacement δ x on the above-mentioned surface of this moment.And, by with the circumferential lengths L of this Fx/ δ x, thereby can access weekly rigid circumference KX to unit length divided by above-mentioned sample Q.In addition, week landwards portion 4 weekly to the axial stiffness KY of the tire axial of unit length, shown in Fig. 6 (B), in the surface that makes above-mentioned sample Q (tyre surface) load under the vertical load load condition of pressure P of 200kpa, Fy acts on above-mentioned surface with tire axial load, and obtains the ratio of Fy/ δ y at this moment from the tire axial displacement δ y on above-mentioned surface.And, by with the circumferential lengths L of this Fy/ δ y, thereby can access weekly axial stiffness KY to unit length divided by above-mentioned sample Q.In addition, though above-mentioned week landwards portion 4 be under the situation of pattern block row 9, also cut out the week sample Q of portion 4 landwards with ground contact length L, and green phase with gimmick measure.
And, in the rigid circumference KX that obtains like this, be preferably KXc＜KXs, more preferably therefore KXc＜KXm＜KXs can improve near the steering response performance of N.
This can access affirmation from the following result of experiment that the inventor carries out.Particularly, based on decorative pattern shown in Figure 1, made nine kinds of sample tires (size 225/60R16) T1～T9, these nine kinds of sample tires, vertical tap drain 3, vertical rill 11,15, the degree of depth of horizontal shape ditch 12,16, the degree of depth of tire sipe 10,14,18 and bar number, and in tread-rubber, constitute each week differences such as tensile modulus of elasticity of the rubber of portion's row Rc, Rm, Rs landwards.In Fig. 7 (A), expression has rigid circumference KXc, the KXm in this tire of various kinds T1～T9, the distribution of KXs.In Fig. 7 (B), expression has axial stiffness KXc, the KXm in this tire of various kinds T1～T9, the distribution of KXs.In addition, the CF (lateral control force) of sample tire T1～T9 is measured, its result is shown in Fig. 8.The measurement of above-mentioned CF uses the in-house test instrument, and carries out under following condition, that is, wheel rim (16 * 6.5JJ), interior pressure (230kPa), vertical load (4.8kN), speed (20km/h), slip angle (0.13 °).
(1) stiffness distribution and the CF with sample tire T1, T2, T3 compares, and its relation table is shown in Fig. 9 (A), (B).Sample tire T1, T2, T3 about rigid circumference KX and axial stiffness KY, constitute the V shape that center side is lower, the tire shoulder side is higher respectively and distribute, and distribution shape are approximate mutually.At this moment, the rigid circumference KX of sample tire T1, T2, T3 and axial stiffness KY, the order with T3＜T2＜T1 uprises respectively, and is relative therewith, and shown in Fig. 9 (B), the value of CF uprises with the order of T3＜T1＜T2.According to this result as can be known, values of stiffness is crossed then CF value minimizing when hanging down.In addition, in values of stiffness, can there be optimum value.
(2) secondly, stiffness distribution and the CF of sample tire T1, T4, T5 compared, and its relation table is shown in Figure 10 (A)～(C).Sample tire T1, T4, T5 also are about rigid circumference KX and axial stiffness KY, constitute the V shape respectively and distribute.At this moment, the sample tire T1 that the values of stiffness of rigid circumference KX is equated substantially, when T4 compares, shown in Figure 10 (B), the values of stiffness of rigid circumference KY is T1＞T4, and is relative therewith, the CF value is T1＞T4.In addition, the sample tire T1 that the values of stiffness of axial stiffness KY is equated substantially, when T5 compares, shown in Figure 10 (C), the values of stiffness of rigid circumference KX is T1＞T5, and is relative therewith, the CF value is
According to this result as can be known, the minimizing of the CF value that causes when reducing owing to values of stiffness, relatively large to the influence of axial stiffness KY, however less to the influence of rigid circumference KX.
(3) then, stiffness distribution and the CF of sample tire T2, T6, T7 compared, and its relation table is shown in Figure 11 (A)～(C).About rigid circumference KX, sample tire T2 constitutes the V shape and distributes, and sample tire T6, T7 constitute the ∧ shape and distribute, and about axial stiffness KY, sample tire T2, T7 constitute the V shape and distribute, and sample tire T6 constitutes the ∧ shape and distributes.And, with axial stiffness KY all constitute sample tire T2 that the V shape distributes, when T7 compares, according to above-mentioned (2) as can be known, because the values of stiffness of axial stiffness KY is T2＜T7, therefore the value of envisioning CF also is T2＜T7, yet, in contrast, shown in Figure 11 (B), obtained the result of T2＞T7.In addition, with the axial stiffness KY among the above-mentioned sample tire T7 is distributed when changing into sample tire T6 that the ∧ shape distributes and above-mentioned sample tire T2 and comparing from the V shape, shown in Figure 11 (C), almost do not find the variation of the CF value under the situation of sample tire T7.According to this result as can be known, when rigid circumference KX and axial stiffness KY became the ∧ shape and distribute, then CF value significantly reduced, and in addition, even when only rigid circumference KX being become the distribution of ∧ shape, the CF value also significantly reduces.
(4) then, stiffness distribution and the CF of sample tire T2, T8 compared, and its relation table is shown in Figure 12 (A), (B).About rigid circumference KX, sample tire T2, T8 constitute the V shape and distribute, and about axial stiffness KY, sample tire T2 constitutes the V shape and distributes, and sample tire T8 constitutes the ∧ shape and distributes.And, with rigid circumference KX all constitute sample tire T2 that the V shape distributes, when T8 compares, according to above-mentioned (3) as can be known, even distributing from the V shape, axial stiffness KY changes into the distribution of ∧ shape, also less to the influence of CF value by anticipation, yet, in contrast, shown in Figure 12 (B), find that the CF value increases significantly.According to this result, when rigid circumference KX distributed for the V shape, if when axial stiffness KY also distributes for the V shape, then the CF value can significantly increase.In addition, when rigid circumference KX distributes for the ∧ shape, distribute,, can not estimate the increase of CF value as Figure 11 (B) and comparison sample tire T7 even axial stiffness KY becomes the V shape.
(5) then, stiffness distribution and the CF of sample tire T2, T9 compared, and its relation table is shown in Figure 13 (A), (B).About rigid circumference KX, sample tire T2 constitutes the V shape and distributes, and sample tire T9 constitutes smooth (constant) and distributes, and about axial stiffness KY, sample tire T2, T9 constitute the V shape and distribute.With axial stiffness KY all constitute sample tire T2 that the V shape distributes, when T9 compares as can be known, constitute at rigid circumference KX under the situation of flat distribution, also with the CF value minimizing similarly that distributes of ∧ shape.
According to the above, research draws following result:
At least rigid circumference KX distributes by constituting the V shape, thereby the CF value is increased.
By constituting at rigid circumference KX under the situation of V shape distribution, particularly axial stiffness KY constitutes the distribution of ∧ shape, thereby can estimate that the CF value further increases.
Rigid circumference KX constitute that the ∧ shape distributes or the situation of flat distribution under, the influence that is brought by the distribution of axial stiffness KY does not exist substantially, however no matter axial stiffness KY is any for what the ∧ shape distributed, the V shape distributes, the CF value is all less.
At this, distribute for constituting the V shape, thereby the reason that the CF value increases is not clear by above-mentioned rigid circumference KX.Yet, when giving tire slip angle, well-known, because causing to draw in proceeds posterolateral with the road surface adhesion, grinds and shear deformation tyre surface, the moment that consequent transverse force has surpassed maximum frictional force becomes sliding area and begins and slide in the road surface, and turns back to original state.At this moment, above-mentioned maximum frictional force equates with square root sum square of circumferential friction force and axial friction substantially.On the other hand, under rigid circumference KX condition with higher, produce huge foe and aft force when in ground plane, between cushion layer and tyre surface, circumferential displacement having taken place, influenced by this, hour arrive a sliding area at axial friction, thereby infer that CF reduces.And at the middle section of earth contact pressure maximum under rigid circumference KX condition with higher, the reduction of CF shows more significantly.Therefore, in contrast, think to be that by rigid circumference KX the V shape distributes, and the week that relatively the reduces central authorities rigid circumference KXc of the 4c of portion landwards, thereby improve the reason of the CF of tire.
In addition, in rigid circumference KX, owing to, therefore need KXc＜KXs at least for the V shape distributes.At this moment, also can be KXm≤KXc, perhaps KXm 〉=KXs, however according to the viewpoint of the balance of lateral control force and decorative pattern rigidity, be preferably KXc＜KXm＜KXs.In axial stiffness KY, do not distribute in addition, therefore be preferably KYc 〉=KYs, more preferably KYc 〉=KYm 〉=KYs owing to do not constitute the V shape.In addition, in rigid circumference KX, the beguine of KXc/KXc is preferably below 0.84 according to the viewpoint of above-mentioned lateral control force, more preferably below 0.78.The lower limit of the ratio of above-mentioned in addition KXc/KXc is more than 0.6, and this is preferred according to the viewpoint institute of abrasion resistance.
In addition, in the week that is formed with many central authorities landwards 4c of portion, the week landwards 4m of portion and week of being formed with many tire shoulders landwards under the situation of the 4s of portion of being formed with many centres, in week landwards among the 4c of portion, 4m, 4s all, rigid circumference KX, satisfy above-mentioned KXc＜KXs, preferably satisfy the relation of KXc＜KXm＜KXs.More preferably, week landwards portion 4 reduce its rigid circumference KX from tire shoulder one side successively towards the tire equator side.In addition, in axial stiffness KY, also be in week landwards among the 4c of portion, 4m, 4s all, satisfy above-mentioned KYc 〉=KYs, preferably satisfy the relation of KYc 〉=KYm 〉=KYs.More preferably, week landwards portion 4 increase its axial stiffness KY from tire shoulder one side successively towards the tire equator side.In addition, in above-mentioned tread contour, the week in the middle of also can not forming is the 4m of portion landwards.
Then, crossing over overall with at tread-rubber 2G has used under the situation of identical elastomeric material, distribute for above-mentioned rigid circumference KX being become the V shape, in addition axial stiffness KY is become the ∧ shape and distribute, following tendency is arranged, promptly, requirement landwards reduces rigid circumference KXc among the 4c of portion for the week in central authorities, and increase the formation number of horizontal tire sipe 10, and perhaps landwards reduce axial stiffness KYs among the 4s of portion for week at tire shoulder, form number and form circumferential tire sipe or increase it.Yet, can cause reducing the tyre performance except that the steering response performance in this case, for example cheat the such shortcoming of polishing machine and turning performance.
Therefore, preferably,, use circumferential complex elasticity rate E*x and anisotropic rubber raw materials (being also referred to as anisotropy rubber for convenience sometimes) Ga that axially complex elasticity rate E*y is different at least in week landwards among portion's row R.Thus, need not floral designs, ditch width, ditch depth, tire sipe are carried out bigger variation, can easily form such fetus face, that is, constitute the fetus face of the rigid circumference KX stiffness distribution different with axial stiffness KY difference.Consequently, can easily carry out Pattern Design, and improve its degree of freedom, and can suppress the reduction of above-mentioned abrasion resistance and turning performance.In order to give full play to this effect, poor with above-mentioned complex elasticity rate preferably | E*y-E*x| is made as more than the 2.5Mpa.Perhaps preferably, the ratio of E*y/E*x or the ratio of E*x/E*y are made as below 0.5.In addition, the complex elasticity rate is for using the visoelasticity optical spectrometer, and the value of measuring under the condition of amplitude ± 2% of 70 ℃ of temperature, frequency 10Hz, incipient extension strain 10%, dynamic strain.
At this, above-mentioned anisotropy rubber Ga is made of the chopped fiber compounded rubber, in this example by chopped fiber is orientated at tire axial, thereby the complex elasticity rate E*y that uses tire axial is greater than circumferential complex elasticity rate E*x (the axial anisotropy rubber Gay of E*y＞E*x).At length, shown in Figure 14 (A), in central authorities and middle week landwards among portion's row Rc, the Rm, use above-mentioned axial anisotropy rubber Gay, and in week of tire shoulder landwards among portion's row Rs, use equal isotropic rubber raw materials (for convenience, the being also referred to as isotropy rubber sometimes) G0 of complex elasticity rate E*y of circumferential complex elasticity rate E*x and tire axial.
At this moment, shown in Figure 14 (B), in week of central authorities landwards among portion's row Rc, use anisotropy (promptly, complex elasticity rate poor | E*y-E*x|) bigger anisotropy rubber Gayc, and in week of centre landwards among portion's row Rm, can use anisotropy (that is, the complex elasticity rate is poor | E*y-E*x|) less anisotropy rubber Gaym.In addition, shown in Figure 14 (c), also can be only in week of central authorities landwards among portion's row Rc, use anisotropy rubber Gay.
In addition, as anisotropy rubber Ga, by making chopped fiber, thereby can use complex elasticity rate E*x greater than tire axial complex elasticity rate E*y (the circumferential anisotropy rubber Gax of E*x＞E*y) at the tire circumferential orientation.In this case, shown in Figure 14 (D),, use anisotropy rubber Gax, and, use isotropy rubber G0 in week of central authorities landwards among portion's row Rc in week of tire shoulder landwards among portion's row Rs.In addition, can adopt anisotropy rubber Gax or isotropy rubber G0, under the situation that adopts anisotropy rubber Gax, preferably, its anisotropy is made as below the anisotropy rubber Gax of tire shoulder in week of centre landwards among portion's row Rm.
Then, in the present embodiment, shown in Figure 15 (A), can adopt non-symmetrical tread contour, this non-symmetrical tread contour comprises at least: the week of first tire shoulder is portion's row Rs1 landwards, and it is equipped on a side of tire equator; With week of second tire shoulder portion's row Rs2 landwards, it is equipped on the opposite side of tire equator.Particularly, in this example illustration be equipped on a side first in the middle of week portion's row Rm1 landwards, and be equipped on opposite side second in the middle of week landwards portion's row Rm2 also constitute non-symmetrical situation.In this case, result from above-mentioned asymmetric decorative pattern, and following tendency is arranged, for example to rigid circumference KX, long and short dash line as shown in figure 16 produces distribution or asymmetrical distribution, and steering response performance etc. is brought baneful influence.
For this reason, shown in Figure 15 (B), at least in week of portion's row Rs1 and second tire shoulder landwards among portion's row Rs2 landwards in week of above-mentioned first tire shoulder, adopt different rubber raw materials Gbs1, the Gbs2 of tensile modulus of elasticity E, thus preferably, with week of above-mentioned first tire shoulder week ratio KXs1/KXs2 of the rigid circumference KXs2 of the 4s2 of portion landwards of the rigid circumference KXs1 of the 4s1 of portion and above-mentioned second tire shoulder landwards, reduce to 1.0 ± 0.1 scope, more preferably in 1.0～1.1 scope.Particularly, in this example, in week in the middle of portion's row Rm1 and second landwards among portion's row Rm2 landwards in above-mentioned week in the middle of first, also adopt the different rubber raw materials Gbm1 of tensile modulus of elasticity E, Gbm2, and by will be above-mentioned the week week ratio KXm1/KXm2 of the rigid circumference KXm2 of the 4m2 of portion landwards of the rigid circumference KXm1 of the 4m1 of portion and above-mentioned second centre landwards in the middle of first, reduce to 1.0 ± 0.1 scope similarly, thereby can make floral designs become the non-symmetrical pattern in the left and right sides, and the stiffness distribution of rigid circumference KX forms the symmetrical V shape shown in the solid line of Figure 16.
In addition, in symmetrical tread contour, landwards using among portion's row R in a week and other the week different rubber raw materials Gb of tensile modulus of elasticity E of portion's row R landwards at least, thus preferably, the stiffness distribution of rigid circumference KX forms the V shape.In this case, landwards use the identical rubber raw materials of tensile modulus of elasticity E among portion's row Rs1, the Rs2 in the week of above-mentioned first, second tire shoulder.In addition, above-mentioned tensile modulus of elasticity is for using the visoelasticity optical spectrometer, and the dynamic modulus of elasticity of measuring under the condition of amplitude ± 2% of 70 ℃ of temperature, frequency 10Hz, incipient extension strain 10%, dynamic strain.
More than, particularly preferred implementation of the present invention is described in detail, yet the present invention is not limited to graphic embodiment, also can be deformed into variety of way and implement.
Embodiment:
Having studied tire size is the car tire of 225/60R16, and this tire is for by making tread contour and tread-rubber difference, and rigid circumference KX and axial stiffness KY is constituted the tire of stiffness distribution as shown in figure 17.And test, and its result is recorded in table 2 for lateral control force, steering response performance, turning performance, the abrasion resistance of each tire.Except tread contour and tread-rubber, other be same size.
Comparative example 1,2, embodiment 1～3, in each week landwards among portion's row R, uses identical and isotropic rubber raw materials.In addition, comparative example 1,2 is identical each other decorative patterns and ditch depth difference mutually, and in addition, embodiment 1,2 also is identical each other decorative pattern and ditch depth difference mutually.Embodiment 4, in each week landwards among portion's row R, use the anisotropic rubber raw materials as the chopped fiber compounded rubber.In addition, embodiment 5 uses the different rubber raw materials of tensile modulus of elasticity E in each week landwards among portion's row R.
(1) lateral control force:
Use the in-house test instrument, wheel rim (16 * 6.5JJ), measure the CF value under the condition of interior pressure (230kPa), vertical load (4.8kN), speed (20km/h), slip angle (0.13 °), and be that 100 index is represented with comparative example 1.Big more good more of index.
(2) steering response performance and turning performance:
Wheel rim (16 * 6.5JJ), be installed on vehicle (4300cc, FR car) under the condition of interior pressure (230kPa) all take turns, and on the Tire testing route of dried asphalt road, travel, and according to the sense evaluation of chaufeur, by comparative example 1 being made as 6 minutes 10 point-scores, steering response performance and turning performance are estimated.Big more good more of mark.
(3) abrasion resistance:
Use above-mentioned vehicle, after dried asphalt road has travelled 5000km,, estimate with following three phases by the worn appearance of visual tyre surface.
Zero: as the up-to-standard grade of commodity
△: however wish improved grade as commodity in the scope of allowing
*: as the inferior-quality grade of commodity
Table 2
| Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
|
|
|
|
|
| Tread contour rigid circumference distribution axial stiffness distribution lateral control force steering response performance turning performance abrasion resistance | Figure 18 (A) ∧ shape W shape 100 660 | Figure 18 (A) ∧ shape ∨ shape 102 660 | Fig. 1 ∨ shape ∨ shape 124 760 | Fig. 1 ∨ shape flat 133 7.5 60 | Figure 18 (E) ∨ shape ∧ shape 139 85 * | Fig. 1 ∨ shape ∧ shape 141 860 | Fig. 1 ∨ shape ∧ shape 140 860 |
Claims (5)
1. air-inflation tyre, it has tread contour, by setting many on the tyre surface along circumferential extension of tire and vertical tap drain of ditch depth more than 7.0mm, thereby this tread contour have by a plurality of weeks landwards week of constituting of portion portion's group landwards, wherein, above-mentioned week landwards portion comprise: pattern rib or pattern block row, above-mentioned pattern rib be divided between above-mentioned vertical tap drain and above-mentioned vertical tap drain and tyre surface end limit between, and above-mentioned pattern block row are formed along circumferential array by pattern block, and this pattern block forms separating between above-mentioned vertical tap drain or between above-mentioned vertical tap drain and the tyre surface end limit by traverse furrow, it is characterized in that
Tyre surface connected to chassis tyre surface ground plane under regular load loading condition is divided into five width regions with the equal wide imagination, that is: distolateral shoulder zone of the middle section on the tire equator, tyre surface ground connection and the zone line between above-mentioned middle section and the above-mentioned shoulder zone, and
Above-mentioned week is portion's group landwards, comprising: the week of central authorities is portion row landwards, be positioned at by area center of gravity the surface above-mentioned middle section place central authorities week landwards portion constitute; Middle week is portion's row landwards, its be by the area center of gravity with the surface be positioned at above-mentioned zone line place the centre week landwards portion constitute; And the week of tire shoulder portion row landwards, be positioned at by area center of gravity the surface above-mentioned shoulder zone place tire shoulder week landwards portion constitute, and
When each above-mentioned week landwards portion weekly when the rigid circumference of unit length is KX, with week of above-mentioned central authorities rigid circumference KXc of portion landwards, be made as less than week of above-mentioned tire shoulder rigid circumference KXs of portion landwards,
With week of above-mentioned centre rigid circumference KXm of portion landwards, be made as greater than above-mentioned rigid circumference KXc and less than above-mentioned rigid circumference KXs, and
When each above-mentioned week landwards portion weekly when the axial stiffness of the tire axial of unit length is KY, with week of above-mentioned central authorities axial stiffness KYc of portion landwards, be made as in week of above-mentioned tire shoulder landwards more than the axial stiffness KYs of portion.
2. air-inflation tyre according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
The week of above-mentioned centre is the axial stiffness KYm of portion landwards, is made as below the above-mentioned axial stiffness KYc and more than above-mentioned axial stiffness KYs.
3. air-inflation tyre according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
In above-mentioned week landwards in portion's group, at least one week landwards portion's row used the different rubber raw materials of complex elasticity rate of circumferential complex elasticity rate and tire axial.
4. air-inflation tyre according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
In above-mentioned week landwards in portion's group, at least one week landwards portion's row used and other the week different rubber raw materials of tensile modulus of elasticity of portion's row landwards.
5. air-inflation tyre according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned week landwards portion's group asymmetricly be formed with: the week portion row landwards of first tire shoulder that are equipped on a side of tire equator; And the week portion row landwards of second tire shoulder that are equipped on the opposite side of tire equator, and
The week of first tire shoulder landwards first tire shoulder of portion row week landwards portion and second tire shoulder week landwards second tire shoulder of portion's row week landwards portion use the different rubber raw materials of tensile modulus of elasticity to form, with week of above-mentioned first tire shoulder landwards rigid circumference KXs1 and above-mentioned second tire shoulder of portion week landwards the ratio KXs1/KXs2 of the rigid circumference KXs2 of portion be located at 1.0 ± 0.1 scope.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007-201064 | 2007-08-01 | ||
| JP2007201064A JP4388569B2 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2007-08-01 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP2007201064 | 2007-08-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101357567A CN101357567A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
| CN101357567B true CN101357567B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101266524A Expired - Fee Related CN101357567B (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-06-17 | Pneumatic tire |
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| JP (1) | JP4388569B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101357567B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8170839B2 (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-05-01 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Method of designing a tire tread |
| JP5438609B2 (en) | 2010-07-07 | 2014-03-12 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP5385968B2 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-01-08 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP5658728B2 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-01-28 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP6091872B2 (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2017-03-08 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP5715655B2 (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-05-13 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP5961590B2 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2016-08-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Pneumatic tire |
| JP5827655B2 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP6154798B2 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-06-28 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| JP6454215B2 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2019-01-16 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| WO2016190881A1 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-01 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Truck tire tread and truck tire |
| JP6548495B2 (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2019-07-24 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | Pneumatic tire |
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| US4044811A (en) * | 1975-07-16 | 1977-08-30 | The General Tire & Rubber Company | Laminated pneumatic tire |
| EP0510550A1 (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-10-28 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Pneumatic vehicle tyre with tread grooves and process for its manufacture |
| CN1615230A (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2005-05-11 | 株式会社普利司通 | Pneumatic radial tire |
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| CN1638982A (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2005-07-13 | 米其林技术公司 | Elastic tyre for measuring road adhesion of a vehicle equipped therewith |
| CN1769078A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-05-10 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | Heavy load type belt tyre |
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2007
- 2007-08-01 JP JP2007201064A patent/JP4388569B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2008
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| US4044811A (en) * | 1975-07-16 | 1977-08-30 | The General Tire & Rubber Company | Laminated pneumatic tire |
| EP0510550A1 (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1992-10-28 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Pneumatic vehicle tyre with tread grooves and process for its manufacture |
| CN1615230A (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2005-05-11 | 株式会社普利司通 | Pneumatic radial tire |
| CN1638982A (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2005-07-13 | 米其林技术公司 | Elastic tyre for measuring road adhesion of a vehicle equipped therewith |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101357567A (en) | 2009-02-04 |
| JP4388569B2 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
| JP2009035130A (en) | 2009-02-19 |
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