CN101355291A - A kind of superconducting motor and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

A superconducting motor and its manufacturing method, the superconducting motor comprises a superconducting rotor, a stator, a driving end cap, a non-driving end cap, and a liquid neon container, and the superconducting rotor is formed by sealing and welding an inner rotor and an outer rotor The inner rotor and the outer rotor form two stacked airtight containers; the inner rotor is composed of a thin-walled slender tube, a non-drive end shaft, a non-drive end torque tube, a connecting tube, a superconducting magnetic pole, and a liquid neon tube. It is composed of a neon container, a drive end torque tube, an axial cold shrinkage compensation device, and a drive end shaft; a thin-walled slender tube is placed in the center hole of the non-drive end shaft and the non-drive end torque tube, and is connected to the liquid neon container through a connecting tube Connected; the superconducting magnetic pole is placed on the outer periphery of the liquid neon container; the bottom of the liquid neon container is connected to the shaft of the driving end through the torque tube of the driving end and the axial cold shrinkage compensation device. The invention also includes the manufacturing method of the superconducting motor. The power factor of the superconducting motor of the present invention can reach 1, and the volume is small.

Description

A kind of superconducting motor and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention relates to a motor and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a superconducting motor and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background technique

Existing known common electric motor, its stator, rotor all run at normal temperature, and the power factor of electric motor is all less than 1. The general structure of the known superconducting motor is: the stator is a superconducting stator, and the rotor is a conventional three-phase asynchronous motor rotor. This kind of superconducting motor has a large volume and requires high refrigeration efficiency, and the power factor is still less than 1.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a superconducting motor with small volume, power factor up to 1, and zero loss and its manufacturing method.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The superconducting motor of the present invention comprises a superconducting rotor, a stator, a drive end cover, a non-drive end cover, and a liquid neon container. The structure of the stator is the same as that of the existing known three-phase asynchronous motor stator. The guide rotor is made of the inner rotor and the outer rotor stacked by airtight welding, and the inner rotor and the outer rotor form two stacked airtight containers; the inner rotor is composed of a thin-walled slender tube, a non-driving end shaft, a non-driving end torque Tube, connecting tube, superconducting magnetic pole, liquid neon container filled with liquid neon, torque tube at the driving end, axial cold shrinkage compensation device, and shaft at the driving end; the thin-walled slender tube is placed in the center hole of the shaft at the non-driving end and the non-driving end torque tube, and communicate with the liquid neon container through the connecting tube; the superconducting magnetic pole is placed on the outer periphery of the liquid neon container; the bottom of the liquid neon container is connected to the shaft of the driving end through the driving end torque tube and the axial cold shrinkage compensation device catch.

The aspect ratio of the thin-walled elongated tube should be ≥6, and the thickness should be ≤1mm.

The connecting pipe should be composed of a stainless steel pipe and an aluminum pipe in a conical butt joint. The stainless steel pipe interface of the connecting pipe is a concave cone type, and the aluminum pipe interface is a convex cone type. Such a butt joint method plus friction welding can effectively improve the stainless steel pipe. The firmness of the butt connection with the aluminum tube and the reliability of the work; the stainless steel tube end of the connecting tube is connected with the thin-walled slender tube, and the aluminum tube end of the connecting tube is put into the matching hole of the liquid neon container.

The axial cold shrinkage compensating device can be a disc-shaped shrapnel.

The key technical problems to be solved in the manufacture of the superconducting motor of the present invention include: the sealing method of internal and external rotor welding, the processing method of the thin-walled slender tube of the motor, the welding method of "stainless steel + aluminum" dissimilar materials for the connecting tube, and the components of the liquid neon container assembly The unique interference fit freezing suit method, the inner rotor assembly method and calibration dynamic balance method composed of multi-section parts, and the stress relief method after welding the inner and outer rotors.

The present inventor has been through long-term multiple test research, and described key technical problem adopts following method to obtain solution one by one at last:

The inner and outer rotors are welded vertically; the inner circle of the thin-walled slender tube is processed by vertical milling; the outer circle of the thin-walled slender tube is processed by the inner circle for positioning, and the outer circle is processed by using the expanding mandrel as the expanding tire. Processing; before the sealing of the liquid neon container and the connecting pipe and the matching hole of the liquid neon container are welded, an interference fit freezing suit of the same material is used; the interface between the stainless steel pipe and the aluminum pipe in the connecting pipe is welded by friction welding; the inner rotor assembly adopts a horizontal type Assembling method, the connection between each section expands from the middle to both ends; the inner rotor is calibrated and balanced by adding a set of evenly distributed through holes on the non-drive end shaft of the inner rotor, and adding a set of corresponding locking Bolts, so that the non-rigidly connected inner rotor is connected into a rigid whole, and then the dynamic balance is performed; after the inner rotor is dynamically balanced, the locking bolts are removed, and the evenly distributed through holes on the non-drive end shaft are sealed and welded , in order to ensure that the space formed between the inner and outer rotors is airtight and axially tandem; the ultrasonic stress relief method is used to eliminate the stress generated after the superconducting rotor is sealed and welded.

The interference fit freezing suit of the same material is to place the aluminum tube end of the connecting tube in liquid nitrogen, and quickly put it into the matching hole of the aluminum liquid neon container after freezing and shrinking, and then align the liquid neon container and the connecting tube. Aluminum tube ends are welded.

The horizontal assembly method of the inner rotor adopts the method of expanding the middle first and then the two ends, that is, starting from the liquid neon container in the middle section, and adding parts to the two ends of the inner rotor section by section; the assembly of each section of the inner rotor After finishing, place its two ends on two roller brackets for rolling assembly, so as to wrap the double-layer film on the surface of the superconducting magnetic pole on the inner rotor.

In the ultrasonic stress relief method, ultrasonic high-frequency energy with a frequency above 20 kHz can be used to directly impact the surface of the weld seam of the weldment.

The superconducting rotor of the superconducting motor of the present invention can operate in a low temperature environment of -243°C generated by circulating low-temperature cold medium liquid neon, the power factor can reach 1, and the loss is zero, which greatly improves the power ratio per unit mass. The small size is a major breakthrough in the miniaturization of high-power motors, and the required refrigeration efficiency is low; the superconducting motor of the present invention manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention is reliable in operation and can operate without failure for a long time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the superconducting motor of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the superconducting rotor in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the inner rotor in FIG. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the clamping method of the inner circular milling of the thin-walled elongated tube in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tire-expanding mandrel for the outer circle processing of the thin-walled elongated tube in Fig. 3 .

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the welded structure of the connecting pipe of different materials in Fig. 3 .

In the figure: 1. Superconducting rotor, 2. Drive end cover, 3. Stator, 4. Non-drive end cover, 5. Inner rotor, 6. Outer rotor, 7. Weld seam of inner and outer rotors, 8. Thin Wall slender tube, 9, non-drive end shaft, 10, non-drive end torque tube, 11, connecting tube, 12, superconducting magnetic pole, 13, liquid neon container, 14, liquid neon, 15, drive end torque tube, 16. Disc shrapnel, 17. Drive end shaft, 18. Upper pressure ring, 19. Anti-rotation parallel clamp, 20. Lower pressure ring, 21. Lower pressure plate, 22. Tire-inflating mandrel, 23. Medium, 24 , upper platen, 25, tighten nut, 26, long stainless steel tube, 27, stainless steel tube, 28, aluminum tube, 29, long aluminum tube.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

With reference to Fig. 1, 2, 3, the embodiment of superconducting motor of the present invention comprises superconducting rotor 1, stator 3, driving end cap 2, non-driving end cap 4, liquid neon container assembly 13, the structure of stator 3 and existing The structure of the stator of the known three-phase asynchronous motor is the same. The superconducting rotor 1 is formed by stacking the inner rotor 5 and the outer rotor 6 and sealingly welded by the welding seam 7. The inner rotor 5 and the outer rotor 6 form two stacks. airtight container;

Referring to Fig. 3, the inner rotor 5 is driven by a thin-walled elongated tube 8, a non-drive end shaft 9, a non-drive end torque tube 10, a connecting tube 11, a superconducting magnetic pole 12, a liquid neon container 13 containing liquid neon 14, and The end torque tube 15, the disc-shaped shrapnel (that is, the axial cold shrinkage compensation device) 16, and the driving end shaft 17 are composed; the thin-walled slender tube 8 is placed in the center hole of the non-driving end shaft 9 and the non-driving end torque tube 10 inside, and communicate with the liquid neon container 13 through the connecting pipe 11; the superconducting magnetic pole 12 is placed on the periphery of the liquid neon container 13; catch.

The thin-walled slender tube 8 has an aspect ratio of 6 and a thickness of 1mm; the connecting tube 11 is formed by butting a stainless steel tube and an aluminum tube in a tapered shape, the stainless steel tube interface of the connecting tube is a concave cone type, and the aluminum tube interface is a convex cone type; The aluminum tube end of pipe is packed in the matching hole of aluminum liquid neon container 13.

The connecting pipe 11 is formed by the conical butt joint of the stainless steel tube 27 and the aluminum tube 28, wherein the interface of the stainless steel tube 27 is a concave cone, and the interface of the aluminum tube 28 is a convex cone, and the two are butted together (see Figure 6).

The key manufacturing methods are introduced as follows:

Before welding the inner rotor 5 and the outer rotor 6, first erect the outer rotor 6 vertically, then hoist the inner rotor 5 and insert it vertically into the outer rotor 6, and then weld the inner and outer rotors when both are in the upright position. 7 Carry out vertical welding; first vertically weld the inner and outer rotor welds 7 of the driving end of the superconducting rotor 1 facing upwards, then overturn the superconducting rotor 1, and use the support cylinder to support the overturned superconducting rotor 1 so that it still In the upright state, then vertically weld the inner and outer rotor weld seams of the non-drive end facing upward; finally, place the superconducting rotor 1 horizontally with a tilting device, and then fully weld the inner and outer rotor weld seams 7 at both ends of the superconducting rotor 1 .

After the inner rotor 5 and the outer rotor 6 are welded, two stacked airtight containers are formed, the superconducting rotor 1 vacuum interlayer is evacuated, and the rotor is tested for leaks with helium gas. The inner and outer rotors of the superconducting rotor 1 are For weld 7, the leak rate of the welds is less than 5×10 ^-9 Pa.L/s, and the leak detection is qualified.

The interference fit freezing suit of each part of the inner rotor 6: the aluminum pipe end of the connecting pipe 11 is placed in liquid nitrogen, and after being frozen and shrunk, it is quickly put into the matching hole of the aluminum liquid neon container 13, so as to realize the process of both. interference fit; on the basis of interference fit, the liquid neon container 13 and the aluminum tube end of the connecting pipe 11 are welded.

Assembly of multi-stage inner rotor 6: Since the inner rotor 5 is assembled from multi-stage components in the axial direction, the horizontal assembly method is adopted, and at the same time, the middle part is first expanded and then both ends are expanded, that is, the liquid neon in the middle part is firstly assembled. Starting from the container 13, add parts to the two ends of the container one by one; The double-layer film on the surface of the magnetic pole 12.

Calibration and dynamic balance of the inner rotor 5: Because the inner rotor 5 is axially assembled from multiple parts, one of which is a disc-shaped shrapnel 16, through the disc-shaped shrapnel 16, the inner rotor 5 can be freely connected in the axial direction when the motor is running at low temperature. move. But thus, this axial series-moving inner rotor 5 belongs to non-rigid connection, and thus cannot correct dynamic balance. Therefore, a set of evenly distributed through holes is opened on the non-drive end shaft 9 of the inner rotor 5, and a set of corresponding locking bolts are added to connect the non-rigidly connected inner rotors into a rigid whole for calibration and dynamic balance. . After the internal rotor 5 is dynamically balanced, the locking bolts are removed, and the evenly distributed through holes on the non-drive end shaft 9 are sealed and welded to ensure that the space formed between the internal and external rotors 5 and 6 is airtight.

Inner circle processing of the thin-walled slender tube 8: with reference to Fig. 4, the thin-walled slender tube 8 is placed between the upper pressure ring 18 and the lower pressure ring 20, and an anti-rotation parallel clip 19 is installed on the lower pressure ring 20, then End milling is carried out to the inner circle of the thin-walled elongated tube 8 .

Cylindrical processing of the thin-walled elongated tube 8: with reference to Fig. 5, the thin-walled elongated tube 8 is placed between the lower platen 21 and the upper platen 24, and the center of the lower platen 21 and the upper platen 24 is equipped with a The tire-expanding mandrel 22 of the tube core of the tube 8 is filled with a medium 23 between the outer wall of the tire-expanding mandrel 22 and the inner wall of the thin-walled elongated tube 8, and a nut 25 is provided at one end of the tire-expanding mandrel 22, and the nut 25 is tightened. The thin-walled elongated tube 8 can be positioned. Then, just can carry out cylindrical processing to thin-walled elongated tube 8.

Processing of the connecting pipe 11: Referring to Figure 6, the connecting pipe 11 is formed by the conical butt joint of the stainless steel pipe 27 and the aluminum pipe 28, the port of the stainless steel pipe 27 is inserted into the port of the long stainless steel pipe 26, and the port of the aluminum pipe 28 is inserted into the long aluminum pipe 28. In the port of the pipe 29, friction welding is then used to weld the tapered butt joints of the stainless steel pipe 27 and the aluminum pipe 28 firmly.

After the superconducting rotor 1 is airtightly welded, the ultrasonic stress relief method is adopted: 20 kHz high-frequency energy is directly impacted on the surface of the weld seam of the weldment.

Ultrasonic stress relief method for stress relief detection basis: ASTM standard E837-92. The main measuring instruments are: static resistance strain gauge. The arrangement of the measuring points is: near the fusion line of the annular fillet weld at both ends of the superconducting rotor 1 . The residual stress of each point decreased obviously after being treated by ultrasonic stress relief method. The ultrasonic stress relief method is used to relieve the stress of the superconducting rotor 1 after welding, which can fully meet the electrical and mechanical performance requirements of the superconducting motor.

Claims (8)

1. superconducting motor, comprise superconducting rotor, stator, drive end end cap, non-drive end shield, liquid neon container, it is characterized in that described superconducting rotor is by internal rotor and nestable airtight being welded of external rotor, internal rotor and external rotor constitute two nestable closed containers; Described internal rotor is made of thin-wall slim pipe, anti-drive end end axle, anti-drive end moment pipe, tube connector, superconduction magnetic pole, the liquid neon container that liquid neon is housed, drive end moment pipe, axial shrinkage compensation arrangement, drive end end axle; Thin-wall slim pipe places in anti-drive end end axle centre bore and the anti-drive end moment pipe, and is communicated with liquid neon container by tube connector; The superconduction magnetic pole places liquid neon container periphery; Liquid neon container bottom joins by drive end moment pipe and axial shrinkage compensation arrangement and drive end end axle.

2. superconducting motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described thin-wall slim pipe draw ratio 〉=6, thickness≤1mm.

3. superconducting motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described tube connector is docked with the aluminum pipe taper by stainless steel tube and constitutes, and the stainless steel tube interface of tube connector is the concave cone type, and the aluminum pipe interface is the convex cone type; The stainless steel pipe end of tube connector is connected with thin-wall slim pipe, and the aluminum pipe end of tube connector is packed in the mating holes of liquid neon container.

4. superconducting motor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described axial shrinkage compensation arrangement is dish-like shell fragment.

One kind as superconducting motor as described in one of claim 1-4 manufacture method, it is characterized in that inside and outside rotor adopts vertical welding; The vertical milling mode is adopted in the processing of circle in the thin-wall slim pipe; The processing of thin-wall slim pipe cylindrical with interior circle location, is carried out cylindrical processing with expander formula axle as expander; Before the airtight and tube connector of liquid neon container and the welding of liquid neon container mating holes, adopt the freezing suit of interference fit of same material; Stainless steel tube and aluminum pipe interface adopt the friction welding (FW) welding in the tube connector; Horizontal fit is selected in the internal rotor assembling for use, and the connection between each section is expanded from the middle to both ends; The internal rotor dynamic balance checking adopts one group of uniform through hole of increase on the anti-drive end end axle on the internal rotor, and increases by one group of corresponding clamping screw, makes the internal rotor of non-rigid connection be connected into a rigid unitary, carries out dynamic balance checking again; After treating the internal rotor dynamic balance checking, remove clamping screw again, and the uniform through hole on the soldering and sealing anti-drive end end axle, to guarantee the airtight axial motion formula in the space that forms between the inside and outside rotor; Adopt ultrasonic destressing method, eliminate the stress of the airtight Produced after Welding of superconducting rotor.

6. as the manufacture method of superconducting motor as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that, the freezing suit of the interference fit of described same material, be that aluminum pipe end with tube connector places liquid nitrogen, in the mating holes of the aluminium matter of packing into fast after freezing contraction liquid neon container, the aluminum pipe end to liquid neon container and tube connector welds again.

7. as the manufacture method of superconducting motor as described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that the horizontal fit of described internal rotor adopts the mode of middle earlier back two ends expansion to assemble, promptly, install each section parts additional to its two ends piecemeal earlier from the liquid neon container of interlude; After each section of internal rotor assembled, again its two ends are positioned over the assembling of rolling on two rolling wheel supports, with the bilayer film of the superconduction magnetic pole appearance on the wraparound internal rotor.

8. as the manufacture method of superconducting motor as described in one of claim 5-7, it is characterized in that described ultrasonic destressing method is the surface of directly impacting the weldment weld seam with the above high-frequency energy of 20 KHz.

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