CN101354967A - Quasi solid electrolyte for dye sensitization solar battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Quasi solid electrolyte for dye sensitization solar battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101354967A CN101354967A CNA2008101207850A CN200810120785A CN101354967A CN 101354967 A CN101354967 A CN 101354967A CN A2008101207850 A CNA2008101207850 A CN A2008101207850A CN 200810120785 A CN200810120785 A CN 200810120785A CN 101354967 A CN101354967 A CN 101354967A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solid electrolyte
- quasi
- iodine
- cyanoacrylate
- percent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
Landscapes
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a quasi solid electrolyte for a dye sensitization solar cell. The compositions by weight percentage of the electrolyte are: 5-20 percent of alpha- cyanoacrylate, 0.1-1 percent of a crosslinking agent, 10-20 percent of iodine salt, 0.5-3 percent of iodine, 1-10 percent of a modifier, 40-60 percent of a plasticizer, and 10-20 percent of an organic solvent. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: stirring and mixing the compositions evenly according to the proportion to generate homogeneous phase liquid; then dripping the homogeneous phase liquid onto a TiO2 film electrode for absorbing dye; and thermosetting and drying evaporating the organic solvent to obtain the quasi solid electrolyte for the dye sensitization solar cell. The quasi solid electrolyte is characterized by low cost, simple preparation process, a high curing rate, easy realization of industrialized production, high ionic conductivity, good thermal stability and mechanical properties, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quasi-solid electrolyte and preparation method thereof, in particular for quasi-solid electrolyte of DSSC and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
What account for the leading market of solar energy energy battery at present is monocrystalline silicon battery, and its is as the newest fruits of solar cell development in recent years, and dye sensitization energy battery (DSSC) has represented a new developing direction of solar cell.Switzerland in 1991
Utilize bipyridyl ruthenium complex dye and nanoporous TiO Deng the people
2Film preparation goes out DSSC, and the solar cell of the type is mainly by transparent conducting glass, nano-TiO
2Semiconductor porous film, dye photoactivation agent, electrolyte and counterelectrode are formed.With at present on market in the highest flight the expensive production cost of silicon solar cell and the preparation technology of complexity compare, the most attracting characteristics of this battery are its cheap raw material and relative simple manufacture craft, and stable performance, decay are lacked, and have long-range application prospect.Up to now owing to its stability, its large-scale production and commercial operation still are restricted.Most important reason as the electrolyte of redox mediator easily leak, solvent is volatile, in the sensitizing dyestuff long period of soaking electrolyte easily desorption, electrolyte the sealing technology complexity and sealant also might with electrolyte reaction and electrolysis etc.The quasi-solid electrolyte that occurs can be avoided the problems referred to above recently, obtains the attention of various countries' scientists.
The used by dye sensitization solar battery solid electrolyte mainly include machine hole mobile material (such as the derivative and the aromatic heterocycle analog derivatives such as polythiophene and polypyrrole that replace the triphen amine) and inorganic p-N-type semiconductor N material (such as: inorganic matters such as CuI and CuSCN etc.).But because organic hole transferring material and nano-TiO
2The contact of perforated membrane is bad and hole transport speed is not high, its energy conversion efficiency＜4%; And inorganic p-N-type semiconductor N material since not good its efficient of its stability mostly＜5%.The used by dye sensitization solar battery quasi-solid electrolyte is mainly the polymer-type gel electrolyte, adopt polyethylene glycol oxide, polyacrylonitrile, Kynoar copolymerization perfluoropropene etc. to make framework material mostly, add oxidation/go back original electrolyte, plasticizer, solvent etc. then and constitute electrolyte, owing to do not form crosslinked polymer network structure, As time goes on the amount that keeps " active constituent " in the electrolyte gradually reduces, and causes photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability to be subjected to certain restriction; Also have and adopt the monomer that contains multi-functional pair of key, the cross-linked structure that adds initator formation solid, though increasing substantially, performance (can reach 7-8%, see document: R.Komiya, etc.J.Photochem.Photobiol.A:Chem.164 (2004) 123), but face the problem of other two aspects, the synthesis step of this function monomer of the first is many, and product is difficult for purifying; It two is that its sealing technology does not improve; It is crosslinking agent that CN1468909 adopts polyisocyanates, the poisonous unfavorable environmental protection of polyisocyanates, and the polysiloxanes that adopts pectination simultaneously is that framework material prepares the gel-type electrolyte, but the polysiloxanes framework material synthesis technique complexity of dressing, the cost height, the time is long.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned existence, and provide a kind of preparation technology simple, low cost, ionic conductance height, thermal stability and mechanical property are good, and energy conversion efficiency high be used for quasi-solid electrolyte of DSSC and preparation method thereof.
The quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC of the present invention is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: a-cyanoacrylate: 5-20%; Crosslinking agent: 0.1-1%; Salt compounded of iodine: 10-20%; Iodine: 0.5-3%; Modifier: 1-10%; Plasticizer: 40-60%; Organic solvent: 10-20%, above-mentioned component sum is 100%.
Among the present invention, said a-cyanoacrylate polymerizable solidifies, and the reaction equation of polymerizing curable is as follows:
In above-mentioned reaction equation, R can be ethyl, propyl group, butyl and hexyl; That is to say that said a-cyanoacrylate can be one or more in ECA, alpha-cyanoacrylate propyl ester, alpha-cyanoacrylate butyl ester and the own ester of alpha-cyanoacrylate.
Among the present invention, said crosslinking agent is that molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, glutaric acid diacrylate and N, one or more in N '-di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide acrylate.
Among the present invention, said plasticizer can be the mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC), propene carbonate (PC) or their arbitrary proportions.
Among the present invention, said salt compounded of iodine can be lithium iodide, sodium iodide, KI, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1, the mixture of a kind of or their arbitrary proportions in 2-dimethyl-3-propyl imidazole iodine, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine and the tetrapropyl iodate amine.
Among the present invention, said modifier can be the mixture of a kind of or their arbitrary proportions in tert .-butylpyridine, N-tolimidazole and the guanidinium isothiocyanate.
Among the present invention, said organic solvent can be the mixture of a kind of or their arbitrary proportions in acetonitrile, valeronitrile and the methoxypropionitrile.
Be used for the preparation method of the quasi-solid electrolyte of DSSC, step is as follows:
α cyanoacrylate, salt compounded of iodine, iodine, crosslinking agent, plasticizer, organic solvent and modifier are mixed in proportion, stir, generate homogeneous liquid, then homogeneous liquid is dropped in the TiO of absorbing dye
2On the membrane electrode, heat temperature raising solidifies after 40-70 ℃, and dry evaporation organic solvent makes the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for dye-sensitized solar cells.
A-cyanoacrylate of the present invention and crosslinking agent form three-dimensional network type polymer backbone by cross-linking reaction, this three-dimensional network type polymer backbone can be trapped in micromolecular plasticizer in the skeleton, can reduce the volatilization of plasticizer significantly, powerful ion transfer passage is provided, can have effectively improved the electrolyte ion conductivity.In addition, nitrogen-atoms in the a-cyanoacrylate molecular structure on the cyano group can form supramolecular structure (See Figure) with the amido cation in the tetrapropyl allusion quotation amine, with the amido stationary cation, the cationic transmission that is beneficial to the iodine anion, the conductivity of raising ion of being fixed with.
And, as the a-cyanoacrylate of framework material with crosslinking agent generation cross-linking and curing reaction before, it is a small molecule monomer, is penetrated into TiO easily
2In the nano-electrode, electrolyte and TIO have been increased
2Contact area, help the collection of electric charge, improve the energy conversion efficiency of quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cell.In addition, the a-cyanoacrylate raw material is simple and easy to, and does not need complicated voluntarily synthetic, with low cost.
The modifier that invention is adopted is stable electrolyte and improve the open circuit voltage of device effectively.
The present invention compared with prior art has following technique effect: (1) cost is low, preparation technology is simple, curing rate is fast, is easy to realize suitability for industrialized production; (2) ionic conductance height; (3), cause quasi-solid electrolyte thermal stability, mechanical property good because the cross-linking reaction of a-cyanoacrylate and crosslinking agent can form three-dimensional network type polymer backbone.(4) the highest energy conversion efficiency has surpassed 7% in the quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cell of use quasi-solid electrolyte preparation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: ECA 5%; Molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylates 0.2%; Tetrapropyl iodate amine 12%; Iodine 1.5%; Tert .-butylpyridine 5%; Ethylene carbonate 56.3%; Acetonitrile 20%.
Embodiment 2:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: ECA 5%; Molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylates 0.1%; 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine 20%; Iodine 3%; Tert .-butylpyridine 1%; Ethylene carbonate 60%; Acetonitrile 10.9%.
Embodiment 3:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: alpha-cyanoacrylate propyl ester 10%; Molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylates 0.5%; Tetrapropyl iodate amine 10%, lithium iodide 1%; Iodine 1%; Tert .-butylpyridine 5%, guanidinium isothiocyanate 1%; Propene carbonate 52.5%; Acetonitrile 10%; Methoxypropionitrile 9%.
Embodiment 4:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: alpha-cyanoacrylate butyl ester 15%; N, N '-di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide acrylate 0.7%; Tetrapropyl iodate amine 10%, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine 5%; Iodine 1.5%; N-tolimidazole 5%, guanidinium isothiocyanate 1%; Propene carbonate 50%; Acetonitrile 5%, valeronitrile 6.8%.
Embodiment 5:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: the own ester 20% of alpha-cyanoacrylate; Glutaric acid diacrylate 1%; Lithium iodide 1%, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine 10%; Iodine 0.5%; Tert .-butylpyridine 5%, N-tolimidazole 5%; EC 20%, and PC 20%; Methoxypropionitrile 17.5%.
Embodiment 6:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: ECA 15%; Molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylates 0.8%; 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine 5%, 1,2-dimethyl-3-propyl imidazole iodine 5%; Iodine 1%; Tert .-butylpyridine 5%, guanidinium isothiocyanate 1%; PC 52.2%; Valeronitrile 15%.
Embodiment 7:
Quasi-solid electrolyte is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning: alpha-cyanoacrylate butyl ester 10%; Molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylates 0.5%; Tetrapropyl iodate amine 10%, lithium iodide 1%, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine 4%; Iodine 1%; Tert .-butylpyridine 5%, guanidinium isothiocyanate 1%; EC 25%, and PC 27.5%; Acetonitrile: 15%.
The quasi-solid electrolyte of preparation embodiment 1-7 and the method for quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cell, step is as follows:
α cyanoacrylate, salt compounded of iodine, iodine, crosslinking agent, plasticizer, organic solvent and modifier are mixed in proportion, stir, generate homogeneous liquid, then homogeneous liquid is dropped in the TiO of absorbing dye
2(dyestuff herein is the N719 of Solaronix company, TiO on the membrane electrode
2Membrane electrode adopts the commercially available prod), heat temperature raising solidifies after 40-70 ℃, and dry evaporation organic solvent gets quasi-solid electrolyte.
On quasi-solid electrolyte, cover counterelectrode platinum, need not encapsulation,, also can make the quasi-solid electrolyte DSSC, test its photovoltaic performance simply with the epoxy glue encapsulation perhaps for improving its intensity and long-time stability.What the cell photovoltaic performance measurement was used is the solar battery measuring instrument (XJCM-8Y) that Gsolar Power Co., Ltd. produces, and intensity of illumination is 100mW/cm
2, the active layer area is 1cm
2, photovoltaic performance test of the present invention is all carried out in room temperature, and test result sees Table 1.
Comparative Examples 1
Quasi-solid electrolyte component in the quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cell is: comb type polysiloxanes 30.6wt%; Crosslinking agent (isocyanates) 4.9wt% KI 9.9wt%; Iodine 1.2wt%; Organic solvent EC/PC (2.59/1.73) 32wt%/21.4wt%.
Table 1 photovoltaic performance
By table as seen, quasi-solid electrolyte of the present invention is used for quasi-solid-state dye sensitized solar cell, can increase substantially energy conversion efficiency, reaches as high as more than 7%, obviously is better than Comparative Examples.
Claims (8)
1, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC is characterized in that it is made up of following component and weight percent proportioning:
A-cyanoacrylate: 5-20%;
Crosslinking agent: 0.1-1%;
Salt compounded of iodine: 10-20%;
Iodine: 0.5-3%;
Modifier: 1-10%;
Plasticizer: 40-60%;
Organic solvent: 10-20%, above-mentioned component sum is 100%.
2, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC according to claim 1 is characterized in that said a-cyanoacrylate is one or more in ECA, alpha-cyanoacrylate propyl ester, alpha-cyanoacrylate butyl ester and the own ester of alpha-cyanoacrylate.
3, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said crosslinking agent is that molecular weight is 200 polyethyleneglycol diacrylate, glutaric acid diacrylate and N, one or more in N '-di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide acrylate.
4, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC according to claim 1 is characterized in that said plasticizer is the mixture of ethylene carbonate, propene carbonate or their arbitrary proportions.
5, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said salt compounded of iodine is lithium iodide, sodium iodide, KI, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1, the mixture of a kind of or their arbitrary proportions in 2-dimethyl-3-propyl imidazole iodine, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazole iodine, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole iodine and the tetrapropyl iodate amine.
6, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC according to claim 1 is characterized in that said modifier is the mixture of a kind of or their arbitrary proportions in tert .-butylpyridine, N-tolimidazole and the guanidinium isothiocyanate.
7, the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for DSSC according to claim 1 is characterized in that said organic solvent is the mixture of a kind of or their arbitrary proportions in acetonitrile, valeronitrile and the methoxypropionitrile.
8, the preparation method who is used for the quasi-solid electrolyte of DSSC according to claim 1 is characterized in that step is as follows:
α cyanoacrylate, salt compounded of iodine, iodine, crosslinking agent, plasticizer, organic solvent and modifier are mixed in proportion, stir, generate homogeneous liquid, then homogeneous liquid is dropped in the TiO of absorbing dye
2On the membrane electrode, heat temperature raising solidifies after 40-70 ℃, and dry evaporation organic solvent makes the quasi-solid electrolyte that is used for dye-sensitized solar cells.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101207850A CN101354967A (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2008-09-05 | Quasi solid electrolyte for dye sensitization solar battery and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101207850A CN101354967A (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2008-09-05 | Quasi solid electrolyte for dye sensitization solar battery and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101354967A true CN101354967A (en) | 2009-01-28 |
Family
ID=40307726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101207850A Pending CN101354967A (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2008-09-05 | Quasi solid electrolyte for dye sensitization solar battery and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101354967A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101950676A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-19 | 彩虹集团公司 | Preparation method of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell |
| CN101752090B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-08-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Polyionic liquid base micropore quasi solid state electrolyte preparation method and application |
| CN101604578B (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-11-16 | 长兴化学工业股份有限公司 | Electrolyte composition |
| CN102280256A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-12-14 | 东南大学 | Dye-sensitized solar cell quasi solid electrolyte and method for preparing solar cell by using same |
| CN102347138A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | 台湾永光化学工业股份有限公司 | Electrolyte composite for dye sensitization solar battery and solar battery using same |
| CN102446630A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-05-09 | 明德国际仓储贸易(上海)有限公司 | Electrolyte constituent and dye sensitized solar battery utilizing same |
| CN102568835A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 大连工业大学 | High-stability liquid electrolyte for dye sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-09-05 CN CNA2008101207850A patent/CN101354967A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101604578B (en) * | 2009-07-16 | 2011-11-16 | 长兴化学工业股份有限公司 | Electrolyte composition |
| CN101752090B (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-08-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Polyionic liquid base micropore quasi solid state electrolyte preparation method and application |
| CN102347138A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-02-08 | 台湾永光化学工业股份有限公司 | Electrolyte composite for dye sensitization solar battery and solar battery using same |
| CN101950676A (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2011-01-19 | 彩虹集团公司 | Preparation method of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell |
| CN101950676B (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2012-01-04 | 彩虹集团公司 | Preparation method of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell |
| CN102446630A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-05-09 | 明德国际仓储贸易(上海)有限公司 | Electrolyte constituent and dye sensitized solar battery utilizing same |
| CN102280256A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-12-14 | 东南大学 | Dye-sensitized solar cell quasi solid electrolyte and method for preparing solar cell by using same |
| CN102280256B (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-09-26 | 东南大学 | Dye-sensitized solar cell quasi solid electrolyte and method for preparing solar cell by using same |
| CN102568835A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 大连工业大学 | High-stability liquid electrolyte for dye sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
| CN102568835B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-09-03 | 大连工业大学 | High-stability liquid electrolyte for dye sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Theerthagiri et al. | Effect of tetrabutylammonium iodide content on PVDF-PMMA polymer blend electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
| Yang et al. | High-temperature and long-term stable solid-state electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells by self-assembly | |
| Yang et al. | Novel agarose polymer electrolyte for quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cell | |
| Teo et al. | Polyacrylonitrile-based gel polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells: a review | |
| CN101901692B (en) | Solar cell gel electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN101354967A (en) | Quasi solid electrolyte for dye sensitization solar battery and preparation method thereof | |
| Wu et al. | Quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells-based gel polymer electrolytes with poly (acrylamide)–poly (ethylene glycol) composite | |
| Shi et al. | Quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with polymer gel electrolyte and triphenylamine-based organic dyes | |
| Lu et al. | Quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with cyanoacrylate as electrolyte matrix | |
| Guo et al. | Ionic liquid electrolyte based on S-propyltetrahydrothiophenium iodide for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
| CN101777427B (en) | Gel electrolyte and preparation method thereof | |
| Hsu et al. | Effects of environmentally benign solvents in the agarose gel electrolytes on dye-sensitized solar cells | |
| Sakali et al. | Investigation on gel polymer electrolyte-based dye-sensitized solar cells using carbon nanotube | |
| Li et al. | A novel polymer quaternary ammonium iodide and application in quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells | |
| Arof et al. | Utilization of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) as sensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) | |
| CN102280256B (en) | Dye-sensitized solar cell quasi solid electrolyte and method for preparing solar cell by using same | |
| CN102568834A (en) | Electrolyte used for dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof | |
| Selvanathan et al. | Ionic liquid infused starch-cellulose derivative based quasi-solid dye-sensitized solar cell: exploiting the rheological properties of natural polymers | |
| CN103413682A (en) | Quasi-solid electrolyte for solar cell based on double-imidazole type ionic crystal | |
| CN101217184A (en) | Dye-sensitized solar cell using ion-bound oligomer complex and method of manufacturing the same | |
| CN105551808B (en) | A kind of optical Response gel electrolyte and its preparation method and application | |
| Tseng et al. | An imidazolium iodide–containing hyperbranched polymer ionic liquid that improves the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells | |
| CN110010356B (en) | Preparation method of high-conductivity solid electrolyte | |
| Sangwan et al. | Modified Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Based Polymer Electrolyte for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) | |
| Bandara et al. | N719 and N3 dyes for quasi-solid state dye sensitized solar cells-A comparative study using polyacrylonitrile and CsI based electrolytes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Open date: 20090128 |