CN101353720A - Manufacturing method of metallic plate having superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue and metallic plate - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of metallic plate having superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue and metallic plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101353720A CN101353720A CNA200710093972XA CN200710093972A CN101353720A CN 101353720 A CN101353720 A CN 101353720A CN A200710093972X A CNA200710093972X A CN A200710093972XA CN 200710093972 A CN200710093972 A CN 200710093972A CN 101353720 A CN101353720 A CN 101353720A
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Abstract
The invention provides a manufacture method of a metal plate with superfine continuous gradient organization, and a metal plate thereof. The method relates to metal plate surface nano-processing and metal plate rolling processing, the metal plate is treated with the surface nano-processing of the two surfaces, and rolling technological parameters are that the rolling temperature is 100 DEG C to 0.8Tm, and the rolling reduction is 20 percent to 60 percent; the two surfaces of the metal plate prepared by the method of the invention are both superfine layers, and the thickness of each superfine layer is 20 to 200 Mum. The method of the invention combines the surface nano-technology and the rolling technology, can meet the requirements of high strength, high-plasticity and high tenacity of the material simultaneously, the prepared metal plate has excellent comprehensive mechanical property, the strength of the metal plate is improved by more than one time than that of a substrate, and the elongation at break is kept to be more than 20 percent. The method of the invention has the characteristics of low cost, simple and easy technology and simple equipment, and is an environment-friendly method for sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The metal sheet that the present invention relates to the metal sheet manufacture method and made by this method more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of the have manufacture method of superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet and the metal sheet of being made by this method.
Background technology
Entered since 21 century, industries such as Highrise buildings, large span heavy duty bridge, light weight energy-saving automobile and large-scale engineering machinery are to having higher requirement in the intensity and the work-ing life of ferrous materials.The demand of aspects such as, environmental protection energy-conservation, lightweight and safety in order to satisfy, the iron structure material develops " ferrous materials of new generation ", and its feature is a ultra-fine crystalline substance, high clean, evenly high, and its core technology is ultra-fine crystalline substance.The refined crystalline strengthening technology simply is not subjected to paying close attention to widely because of it need not add high clean, the recycling of alloying element, material in material.Moreover, the Another reason that people show special preference to super fine organization is, grain refining is few in number can improve one of flexible enhancement method when improving intensity.
The main method of preparation densification at present,, pollution-free body nanometer and submicron material has intense plastic strain processing technology and novel controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology.Patent JP2000073152 adopts " accumulation ply rolling weldering " method to prepare super fine crystal material, and after circulating through 5 times as soft steel, grain-size is reduced to below the 500nm, and tensile strength reaches 751MPa, is 2.7 times of mother metal (280MPa).Patent US4466842, DE3312257 and FR2524493 have introduced employing experimental mill rolling low carbon steel, have obtained the ferrite crystal grain less than 3 μ m.Nippon Steel thrown in to market have excellent resistance to cleavage, upper layer ultra-fine ferrite crystal grain steel plate, promptly so-called " HIAREST " (High Crack-Arrestability Endowed Ultra Fine-Grain SurfaceLayer Steel Plate) steel plate; 2000, China University On The Mountain Of Swallows adopted phase transformation pre-treatment, viscous deformation and the recrystallize technology that combines, and has obtained " nanocrystal low-alloy (CrMoV) steel plate " (patent CN1272554A).But obviously there are two deficiencies in the nanocrystalline material of this method preparation, is the plasticity severe exacerbation on the one hand, and typical unit elongation is less than 3%, and coarse grain material can reach 40～70%; Be that preparation method's overwhelming majority all relates to big deflection, high strain rate, rapid thermal cycles, complicated process combination and to the accurate control of technological process etc. on the other hand, these requirements often exceed existing capacity of equipment of metal sheet manufacturing firm and throughput, and the preparation cost of ultra-fine grain steel is significantly increased.
For improving the plasticity of ultra-fine crystalline substance, design new micron, submicron and nano structural material, with combined high-strength and good ductility, be one of important directions of studying in recent years.Can realize the over-all properties that improves intensity and keep plasticity by adjusting microtexture, as:
In the NC/UFG crystalline substance, introduce a certain proportion of micron order crystal grain and regulate and control crystalline-granular texture, the crystalline-granular texture that promptly causes various grain sizes to distribute, made full use of the high strength of NC/UFG crystalline substance, plasticity is kept by coarse grain simultaneously, and can improve work hardening capacity, this new strategy pure Cu (Acta Materialia, 2004, obtained preliminary identification in 52:1699).
Surface self nanometer technology has also been verified the exactness of this thinking.Surface self nanometer technology is under the repeat function of plus load, the open grain structure of material surface produces local intense plastic strain by different directions, this local intense plastic strain can produce a large amount of defectives, as dislocation, twin, fault and shear zone, when dislocation desity increases to a certain degree, fall into oblivion, reorganization, formation has the subgrain of submicron or nanoscale, in addition along with the rising of temperature, the surface has organizing also of high deformation energy storage, and recrystallize can take place, form nanocrystallinely, this process constantly develops, and finally forms the nanometer crystal microstructure that crystalline orientation is stochastic distribution at material surface.Surface self nanotechnology utilizes intense plastic strain to prepare the surface for the gradient structure nanocrystalline, that grain-size increases gradually along thickness direction, utilizes nanocrystalline raising intensity, and the conventional crystal grain by heart portion provides plasticity simultaneously.Existing patent such as CN1458288A, CN2604443Y, US2003/0127160A1, CN1532295A, JP2003183730 and CN1410560A are even can to realize making Nano surface, but the thickness relative proportion of the material surface nanometer crystal layer of these method preparations is less, raising effect to intensity is limited, for example, the nanostructure top layer accounts for 3% soft steel of sample thickness, its yield strength has only improved 35% (Scripta Mater, 2001,44 (8/9): 1791), fail to make full use of the reinforcing edge of ultra-fine crystalline substance.
Nanometer and submicron steel have been represented the important development direction of advanced configuration material.Up to now, except the novel TMCP technology of making the HIAREST steel plate, other method still is in the research exploratory stage, also has very big distance from practical application, can not satisfy the requirement to material high strength, high tenacity and high-ductility over-all properties.Obviously, existing preparation method's improvement and perfect, the more innovation of advanced technologies are the key contents of following ultra-fine grain steel research.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet, the metal sheet of this method manufacturing has very high intensity, simultaneously also has good plasticity and toughness, and production efficiency height, flow process are short, pollution-free.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of by the aforesaid method manufacturing have a superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet, the metal sheet of manufacturing has very high intensity, also has good plasticity and toughness simultaneously, and production efficiency height, flow process are short, pollution-free.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet.
The present invention also provides a kind of and has a superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet by the aforesaid method manufacturing.
The purpose of wood invention is achieved in that
Manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, this method comprises metal sheet surface nano crystallization processing and the rolling processing of metal sheet, processing used metal sheet is steel plate, and wherein, described metal sheet need carry out two-sided Surface Nanocrystalline; The processing parameter of the rolling processing of described metal sheet is: rolling temperature is 100 ℃～0.8Tm, and rolling draught is 20%～60%, and forming every ultra-fine crystal layer is 20～200 μ m metal sheets, and the top layer all is the continuous gradient distribution to the tissue and the performance of heart portion material.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is that the processing parameter of the rolling processing of described metal sheet is: rolling temperature is 200 ℃～0.5T
m, rolling draught is 20%～60%.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is that described metal sheet surface nano crystallization is handled material self method for making Nano surface that adopts non-coating.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is rolling the finishing of described metal sheet rolling reason a time
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is rolling the finishing of described metal sheet rolling reason multi-pass.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, it is characterized in that every time rolling temperature that described metal sheet multi-pass is rolling when handling is identical.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, it is characterized in that every time rolling temperature difference that described metal sheet multi-pass is rolling when handling.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is that the rolling processing of described metal sheet back air cooling is to room temperature.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is that the rolling processing of described metal sheet is after shrend is cooled to room temperature.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is that the rolling processing of described metal sheet back is at 100 ℃～0.8T
mCarry out anneal.
According to the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet of the present invention, one of them preferred embodiment is not carry out anneal after the rolling processing of described metal sheet.
Metal sheet of the present invention, be by the preparation of above-mentioned manufacture method have a superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet, wherein, the ultra-fine crystal layer of described metal sheet is 20～200 μ m, the top layer all is the continuous gradient distribution to the tissue and the performance of heart portion material.
The compound intense plastic strain method that manufacture method of the present invention adopts method for making Nano surface to combine with rolling method, by adjusting the grain-size and the distribution of metal sheet, prepare the top layer and be that nanocrystalline (d＜100nm=layer, entad portion's transition is followed successively by the sub-micron crystal (brilliant (metal sheet of the continuous gradient tissue of layer of d＞1000nm) of 100nm＜d＜1000nm=layer and micron.After two-sided Surface Nanocrystalline of metal sheet and the rolling processing, the thickness of every ultra-fine crystal layer (comprising nanocrystalline and submicron crystal layer) is 20 μ m～200 μ m, the top layer all is the continuous gradient distribution to the tissue and the performance of heart portion material, can satisfy the performance requriements of high strength, high-ductility and high tenacity.
Manufacture method of the present invention realizes that the mechanism of the high-strength high-ductility of metal sheet is: preparing certain thickness nanometer crystal layer and submicron crystal layer in the metal sheet upper and lower surface, is grain-size by nanocrystalline, sub-micron crystal gradually excessively to the continuous gradient tissue of micron crystalline substance from the top layer to heart portion.The distinguishing feature of this gradient structure be nanocrystalline and submicron crystal layer, sub-micron crystal and micro crystal between do not have tangible interface, and have thermostability preferably.Utilize the strengthening effect of ultra-fine crystalline substance (nanocrystalline and sub-micron crystal) and rolling deformation to improve the intensity of material, utilize the brilliant good dislocation accumulation capability of micron to improve the plasticity of material,, sub-micron crystal nanocrystalline by regulating and brilliant size and the distribution of micron can obtain the type material that high strength has good plasticity simultaneously.
Manufacture method of the present invention is compared with existing metal sheet manufacture method, and advantage is:
The inventive method combines method for making Nano surface and rolling method, has satisfied the requirement that material has high strength, high-ductility and high tenacity simultaneously, and the metal sheet of preparation has good comprehensive mechanical property.Metal sheet strength ratio matrix after the processing improves more than 1 times, and tension set remains on more than 20%.Simultaneously, the inventive method has that cost is low, technology is simple and easy, the equipment characteristic of simple, is a kind of eco-friendly Sustainable development method.
The simple declaration of accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is the TEM dark field image picture of gradient structure steel plate of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the grain size distribution figure of gradient structure steel plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a gradient structure steel plate fracture apperance picture of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is 700 ℃ of a gradient structure steel plates of the present invention microtexture picture after rolling.
Fig. 5 is the microtexture picture after 500 ℃ of annealing of gradient structure steel plate of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, be described more specifically the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Prepare the high-strength high-ductility steel plate of 304 stainless steels, step is as follows:
1,304 stainless steels are carried out two-sided Surface Nanocrystalline, adopt the method for high-speed flight particles hit metal material surface, obtaining nanometer layer/sub-micron crystal layer thickness is 100 μ m～200 μ m;
2, the steel plate after the Surface Nanocrystalline is heated to 500 ℃, insulation 10min;
3, one-pass roller, rolling draught are 50%;
4, air cooling.
Structure observation shows that the gained material is 80nm apart from the average crystal grain diameter of surperficial 80 μ m depths, sees accompanying drawing 1.Submicron and micro crystal average crystal grain diameter 1.2 μ m.The thickness of ultra-fine crystalline substance (nanocrystalline and sub-micron crystal) layer can reach 150 μ m.The different zones grain size distribution is seen accompanying drawing 2.The volume fraction of ultra-fine crystal layer accounts for 60% of total amount.The yield strength of 304 stainless steel plates of gained gradient structure can reach 680MPa, is 2.4 times of intensity (288MPa) of 304 stainless steel bases; Tension set is 22%.Fig. 3 is a gradient structure steel plate fracture apperance of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Prepare the high-strength high-ductility steel plate of 304 stainless steels, step is as follows:
1,304 stainless steels are carried out two-sided Surface Nanocrystalline, adopt the method for high-speed flight particles hit metal material surface, obtaining nanometer layer/sub-micron crystal layer thickness is 20 μ m～100 μ m;
2, the steel plate with making Nano surface is heated to 300 ℃, insulation 10min;
3, one-pass roller, rolling draught are 36%;
4, air cooling.
The yield strength of 304 stainless steel plates of gained gradient structure can reach 602MPa, is 2.1 times of 304 stainless steel base intensity (288MPa); Tension set is 37%.
Embodiment 3
Prepare the high-strength high-ductility steel plate of 304 stainless steels, other step is identical with embodiment 2, and different is to adopt two passages rolling, and accumulating rolling draught is 42%, air cooling.
The yield strength of 304 stainless steel plates of gained gradient structure reaches 675MPa, is 2.3 times of 304 stainless steel base intensity (288MPa); Tension set is 20%.
Embodiment 4
Prepare the high-strength high-ductility steel plate of 304 stainless steels, step is as follows:
1,304 stainless steels are carried out two-sided Surface Nanocrystalline, adopt the method for high-speed flight particles hit metal material surface, obtaining nanometer crystal layer/sub-micron crystal layer thickness is 100 μ m～200 μ m;
2, the steel plate after the Surface Nanocrystalline is heated to 700 ℃, insulation 10min;
3, one-pass roller, rolling draught are 30%;
4, shrend.
The yield strength of resulting 304 stainless steel plates reaches 693MPa, is 2.4 times of 304 stainless steel base intensity (288MPa); Tension set is 20%.The ultra-fine brilliant complex tissue of 700 ℃ of two Surface Nanocrystalline 304 stainless steel plates in rolling back is seen accompanying drawing 4.
Embodiment 5
304 stainless steel plates of embodiment 1 resulting high strength, high-ductility gradient structure are carried out anneal, and annealing temperature is 500 ℃, and annealing time is 40min.Nanocrystalline/sub-micron crystal in the complex tissue of annealing back is not significantly grown up, and sees accompanying drawing 5, has shown good thermostability.The intensity of gradient structure 304 stainless steel plates after the anneal is 640MPa, improves 2.2 times than the intensity of matrix 304 stainless steel plates; Tension set increases to 27%.
The inventive method combines method for making Nano surface and rolling method, has satisfied the requirement that material has high strength, high-ductility and high tenacity simultaneously, and the metal sheet of preparation has good comprehensive mechanical property.Metal sheet strength ratio matrix after the processing improves more than 1 times, and tension set remains on more than 20%.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet, described method comprises metal sheet surface nano crystallization processing and the rolling processing of metal sheet, processing used metal sheet is steel plate, it is characterized in that, described metal sheet need carry out two-sided Surface Nanocrystalline; The processing parameter of the rolling processing of described metal sheet is: rolling temperature is 100 ℃～0.8T
m, rolling draught is 20%～60%, forming every ultra-fine crystal layer is 20～200 μ m metal sheets.
2, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the processing parameter of the rolling processing of described metal sheet is: rolling temperature is 200 ℃～0.5T
m, rolling draught is 20%～60%.
3, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described metal sheet surface nano crystallization is handled material self method for making Nano surface that adopts non-coating.
4, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, rolling the finishing of described metal sheet rolling reason a time.
5, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, rolling the finishing of described metal sheet rolling reason multi-pass.
As claim 1 or 5 described manufacture method, it is characterized in that 6, every time rolling temperature that described metal sheet multi-pass is rolling when handling is identical with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet.
7, as claim 1 or 5 described manufacture method, it is characterized in that every time rolling temperature difference that described metal sheet multi-pass is rolling when handling with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet.
8, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described metal sheet at rolling processing back air cooling to room temperature.
9, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described metal sheet in rolling processing after shrend is cooled to room temperature.
10, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the rolling processing of described metal sheet back is at 100 ℃～0.8T
mCarry out anneal.
11, the manufacture method with superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, does not carry out anneal after the rolling processing of described metal sheet.
12, a kind of metal sheet, described metal sheet system by as the described method manufacturing of above-mentioned any one claim have a superfine crystal continuous gradient tissue metal sheet, it is characterized in that the two surfaces of described metal sheet are ultra-fine crystal layer, every ultra-fine crystal layer is 20～200 μ m.
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| CN1209473C (en) * | 2002-05-17 | 2005-07-06 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Nanolizing method for metal material surface |
| CN1151301C (en) * | 2002-11-29 | 2004-05-26 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for producing superfine integrated ferrite grain and steel of retained austenite |
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| CN105779723A (en) * | 2015-12-27 | 2016-07-20 | 佛山市领卓科技有限公司 | Metal material with both high strength and high plasticity and preparation method thereof |
| CN105772503A (en) * | 2015-12-27 | 2016-07-20 | 佛山市领卓科技有限公司 | Preparation method for high-strength pure titanium |
| CN105779723B (en) * | 2015-12-27 | 2019-02-15 | 陕西专壹知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of metal material and preparation method thereof having both intensity and plasticity |
| CN107234402A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-10 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of method for reducing gradient-structure metal sheet surface roughness |
| CN107234402B (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2021-06-11 | 南京理工大学 | Method for reducing surface roughness of metal plate with gradient structure |
| CN107299302A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-27 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of method for improving metal gradient structural strength and plasticity matching degree |
| CN107299302B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2020-02-28 | 南京理工大学 | Method for improving metal gradient structure strength and plasticity matching degree |
| CN109396965A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-01 | 攀枝花学院 | Surface Multi-scale model tungsten material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109967525A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-05 | 西安交通大学 | A method of preparing reversed gradient nano structural metallic material |
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