CN101353421A - Polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pigment dispersant of a polyester type branched polymer and a preparation method thereof. In the pigment dispersant, a polyhydroxy compound of By is used as a nuclear molecule, wherein, B represents hydroxy and the functionality y thereof is more than or equal to 2; a polyhydroxy acid of ABx is adopted as a dispersing molecule, wherein, A represents carboxyl, B represents hydroxy and x represents the functionality of the hydroxy which is more than or equal to 2; a vacuum melt polycondensation method is adopted to obtain a melicera polyester type branched polymer and the tail end of which is provided with the hydroxy; then the obtained polyester type branched polymer is utilized to carry out melt polycondensation with a fatty acid under a vacuum condition and finally to carry out esterification with estolide under a normal pressure. As an oleophylic aliphatic carbon chain and a polar group which has a strong absorption effect on the surface of the dye particles exist in the molecule of an output, the output relates to a double-parent functional macromolecule, in particular to a pigment dispersant with excellent performance in a paint and printing ink system and has excellent application prospects in the paint and printing ink industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pigment dispersing agent and preparation method, particularly a kind of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Pigment mainly is to exist with forms such as aggregate, aggregate or flocs units, and the thick and skewness of particle causes the colour brightness of pigment and vividness relatively poor.Pigment has only evenly, stably is dispersed in the medium as tinting material, well its pigmentation of performance.For addressing the above problem, generally adopt nonionic, negatively charged ion, cats product and some low molecules or polymer confrontation surface of pigments to carry out modification at present.By deposition on surface of pigments or coating unit molecule or polymolecular material surface promoting agent, properties-correcting agent etc., can change the surface polarity of pigment.The present invention is a kind of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant, and the polymkeric substance of this dissaving structure is highly branched structure, is the 3 D stereo shape, and there is a large amount of terminal functionality in the molecule periphery.Highly branched structure, make hyperbranched polymer be difficult to crystallization, no chain twines, thereby solvability improves greatly, compare with the linear polymer molecule of identical relative molecular mass, viscosity is lower, therefore can obtain solid content height, good fluidity, stable high dispersion system with the hyperbranched polymer dispersed color.The invention belongs to chemical field.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to use commercial B by high molecular molecular designing
y(B representation hydroxy, y 〉=2) type polyol and AB
x(A representation carboxy, x 〉=2) the type polyhydroxy-acid carries out polycondensation, synthetic end is the hyper-branched polyester type polymkeric substance of hydroxyl, this hyper-branched polyester and lipid acid generation esterification are carried out surface modification then, carry out esterification with acid anhydrides more at last, synthetic a kind of novel polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant with two parent's property.
A kind of preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant, carry out according to the following steps: the first step is with B
yType polyol and AB
xThe type polyhydroxy-acid carries out melt polycondensation reaction under vacuum condition, temperature of reaction is controlled at 140 ℃ to 220 ℃, and vacuum degree control is at 5kPa to 10Pa, and the reaction times was at 1 hour to 30 hours, obtain a kind of thick to solid state, terminal be the polyester type hyperbranched polymer of hydroxyl, wherein AB
xMonomer and B
yMonomeric mol ratio is
, wherein y is B
yMonomeric functional group number, x are the hydroxy functional group number of polyhydroxy-acid, and n is 1 to 5 natural number, and it also represents the algebraically of hyperbranched resin, B
yThe type polyol is a core molecule, the B representation hydroxy, and its hydroxy functional group is counted y 〉=2, AB
xThe type polyhydroxy-acid is for dispersing molecule, and wherein A represents and contains a carboxyl functional group in the molecule, and on behalf of hydroxy functional group and its hydroxy functional group in the molecule, B count x 〉=2; Second step was to add lipid acid in the terminal hydroxyl hyper-branched polyester type product of the first step gained, and the consumption of lipid acid is raw material A B
xThe 1%-50% of type polyhydroxy-acid mole number, and under vacuum condition, carry out the melt condensation reaction, temperature of reaction is controlled at 140 ℃ to 220 ℃, and vacuum degree control is at 5kPa to 10Pa, and the reaction times was at 1 hour to 30 hours; The 3rd step was second product that obtain of step to be added in the solvent dissolve, and carried out esterification with acid anhydrides again under 80 ℃ to 200 ℃ temperature and condition of normal pressure, and the reaction times, the acid anhydrides amount of adding was raw material A B at 10 minutes to 10 hours
xThe 5%-40% of type polyhydroxy-acid mole number obtains a kind of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant at last.Contain the oleophilic group of a certain amount of long-chain carbochain and a large amount of hydroxyl and the carboxyl of physical adsorption securely on the surface of pigments group in the molecule of this dispersion agent, so be a kind of amphiphilic polymers.This polymkeric substance is the pigment dispersing agent that is used for a kind of excellent performance of Paints And Oil China ink.
The B that uses among the present invention
yThe polyhydric compound of type is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol, glycol ether, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), glycerol or tetramethylolmethane.
The AB that uses among the present invention
xThe type polyhydroxy-acid is dimethylol propionic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid or polyhydrony fatty acid, or the dihydroxylated acid that is formed by equimolar phthalic anhydride, Pyroglutaric acid or Succinic anhydried and diisopropanolamine (DIPA) or diethanolamine reaction.
Used lipid acid is caproic acid, sad, capric acid, lauric acid, 16 carbonic acid, 18 carbonic acid, behenic acid, linolenic acid, talloleic acid, cocinic acid, dehydrated castor oleic acid, palmitinic acid, oleic acid, linolic acid, eleostearic acid, eicosanoic acid, wych-elm acid or polymeric acid among the present invention.
The used solvent of the present invention is various organic neat solvents or by two kinds in these solvents mixtures with solvent more than two kinds.It comprises the aromatic solvent benzene,toluene,xylene; Esters solvent ethyl acetate, butylacetate, acetate methoxy propyl alcohol ester, methyl benzoate, butyl benzoate; One or two or more kinds mixed solvent of ketones solvent butanone, methyl n-butyl ketone, mibk, pimelinketone and dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dioxane, tetrahydrofuran (THF) isopolarity solvent.
The used acid anhydrides of the present invention has Succinic anhydried, Pyroglutaric acid, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride or trimellitic acid 1,2-anhydride.
The present invention is at the first step B
yType polyol and AB
xAdd catalyzer in the type polyhydroxy-acid melt polycondensation reaction, catalyst levels is the 0%-5% of reactant gross weight.Catalyzer used in the present invention is various high boiling mineral acids and organic acid, comprises sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, tungstosilicic acid, phospho-molybdic acid, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid or p-nitrobenzoic acid.
Polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant prepared in accordance with the present invention, raw material sources are extensive, and cost of material is cheap, and synthetic method is simple, and technology is simple, and controllability is good, and production cost is low, and application prospect is good.
Embodiment
The following examples are to further specify of the present invention, rather than limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1: add 0.1 mole TriMethylolPropane(TMP), 2.1 moles dimethylolpropionic acid and reactant total mass 1% p-nitrophenyl sulfonic acid catalyst in the four-hole boiling flask that has agitator, thermometer and condenser, heating, treat to begin to stir and open vacuum pump behind the material melting, control reaction temperature is 140 ℃, vacuum tightness is 1000Pa, be warming up to 180 ℃ after 3 hours, vacuum degree control is at 60Pa, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain yellow solid product and be third generation hyper-branched polyester; The vacuum that disappears is also ended the operation of vacuum pump, the lauric acid that in flask, adds 0.6 mole while hot, stir and vacuumize, controlled temperature is 180 ℃, vacuum tightness is 60Pa, measure an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain the third generation hyper-branched polyester of the terminal band of tawny solid alkyl group; The N-BUTYL ACETATE that adds 190 grams while hot, regulating solid content is 70%, add 0.3 mole of Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, stir and 110 ℃ of continuation reactions down of temperature control, measured an acid number after 2 hours every 0.5 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, the product that obtains is that a kind of tawny transparent liquid is polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant.
Embodiment 2: the tetramethylolmethane, 1.2 moles dimethylol propionic acid and the phospho-molybdic acid catalyzer of reactant total mass 4.5% that add 0.1 mole in the four-hole boiling flask that has agitator, thermometer and condenser, heating is treated to begin to stir and open vacuum pump behind the material melting, controlled temperature is at 140 ℃, vacuum tightness is at 800Pa, be warming up to 200 ℃ after 3 hours, reaction is controlled at 20Pa and continues reaction down, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain light yellow viscous liquid s-generation hyper-branched polyester; The vacuum that disappears is also ended the operation of vacuum pump, the stearic acid that in flask, adds 0.2 mole while hot, stir and vacuumize, controlled temperature is 200 ℃, vacuum tightness is 20Pa, measured an acid number every 1 hour after 5 hours, up to the stable reaction end that is of acid number, the intermediates that obtain are the s-generation hyper-branched polyester of the terminal band of tawny solid alkyl group; The dimethylbenzene that adds 76 grams while hot, regulating solid content is 70%, add 0.3 mole of Succinic anhydried, stir and control reaction temperature continuation reaction under 110 ℃, measured an acid number after 2 hours every 0.5 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtaining product is that light yellow transparent liquid is polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant.
Embodiment 3: to having agitator, add 0.93 mole diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and 0.93 mole Succinic anhydried in the four-hole boiling flask of thermometer and condenser, under melt temperature, continue reaction 1 hour behind the heating and melting, the TriMethylolPropane(TMP) that in reactor, adds 0.01 mole again, heating also treats that material all begins to stir and open vacuum pump after the fusing, controlled temperature is 140 ℃, vacuum tightness is to carry out polycondensation under the condition of 4kPa, be warming up to 190 ℃ after 3 hours, vacuum tightness is that 120Pa continues reaction, and after 5 hours, measured an acid number every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain yellow solid and be the 5th generation hyper-branched polyester; The vacuum that disappears is ended the operation of vacuum pump simultaneously, the oleic acid that in four-hole boiling flask, adds 0.45 mole while hot, stir and vacuumize, controlled temperature is 190 ℃, control vacuum tightness is 70Pa, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain the terminal band of tawny solid alkyl group the 5th generation hyper-branched polyester; Add the toluene of 147 grams and the mixed solvent of pimelinketone while hot, wherein toluene mixes by 1: 1 volume ratio with pimelinketone, regulating solid content is 70%, add 0.3 mole of Pyroglutaric acid, stir and controlled temperature is to continue reaction under 90 ℃ the condition, measured an acid number after 2 hours every 0.5 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, the product that obtains is polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant for the tawny transparent liquid.
Embodiment 4: the TriMethylolPropane(TMP), 1.35 moles dimethylol propionic acid and the phosphoric acid catalyst of reactant total mass 0.1% that add 0.03 mole in the four-hole boiling flask that has agitator, thermometer and condenser, heating, treat to begin to stir and open vacuum pump after the solid dissolving, control reaction temperature is 140 ℃, vacuum tightness is the 5000Pa reaction, be warming up to 190 ℃ after 3 hours, reaction is controlled at 70Pa and continues reaction, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain yellow solid the 4th generation hyper-branched polyester; The vacuum that disappears is also ended the operation of vacuum pump, the eicosanoic acid that in flask, adds 0.6 mole while hot, stir and vacuumize, 190 ℃ of temperature controls, reaction pressure is controlled at 70Pa, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain the terminal band of tawny solid alkyl group the 4th generation hyper-branched polyester; Add the toluene of 140 grams and the mixed solvent of pimelinketone while hot, wherein toluene mixes by 1: 1 volume ratio with pimelinketone, regulating solid content is 70%, add 0.3 mole of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, stir and be 90 ℃ and continue reaction down in temperature, measured an acid number after 2 hours every 0.5 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, the product that obtains is polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant for the tawny transparent liquid.
Embodiment 5: the condensed ethandiol, 1.5 moles dimethylol propionic acid and the phosphoric acid catalyst of reactant total mass 0.1% that add 0.05 mole in the four-hole boiling flask that has agitator, thermometer and condenser, heating, treat to begin to stir and open vacuum pump after the solid dissolving, control reaction temperature is 140 ℃, vacuum tightness is the 5000Pa reaction, be warming up to 190 ℃ after 3 hours, reaction is controlled at 70Pa and continues reaction, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain yellow solid the 4th generation hyper-branched polyester; The vacuum that disappears is also ended the operation of vacuum pump, the polymeric acid that in flask, adds 0.6 mole while hot, stir and vacuumize, 190 ℃ of temperature controls, reaction pressure is controlled at 70Pa, measured an acid number after 5 hours every 1 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, obtain the terminal band of tawny solid alkyl group the 4th generation hyper-branched polyester; Add the dimethylbenzene of 200 grams and the mixed solvent of acetate methoxy propyl alcohol ester while hot, wherein dimethylbenzene mixes by 10: 4 volume ratio with acetate methoxy propyl alcohol ester, regulating solid content is 70%, add 0.3 mole of phthalic anhydride, stir and be 90 ℃ and continue reaction down in temperature, measured an acid number after 2 hours every 0.5 hour, be reaction end up to acid number is stable, the product that obtains is polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant for the tawny transparent liquid.
Application example
Final synthetic polymkeric substance is pressed the listed mixed of table 1 with anatase titanium dioxide and how red stone type titanium white respectively, then with after grinding two and one-half-hours in the adding sand mill in the mixture, with the fineness of Hegman grind gage test sample.Do two groups of blank tests with method, relatively with this.
Test shows: the fineness that check sample ground after two hours is 30, and dispersion stabilization is poor.And the test result that adds behind 3 synthetic dispersion agents of embodiment is as shown in table 1:
The massfraction of each material in table 1 dispersion system
Can draw from last table, polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant of the present invention has excellent properties to colo(u)rant dispersion, and the dispersion stabilization of the resin/pigment dispersion system that forms is good.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant, carry out according to the following steps: the first step is with B
yType polyol and AB
xThe type polyhydroxy-acid carries out melt polycondensation reaction under vacuum condition, temperature of reaction is controlled at 140 ℃ to 220 ℃, and vacuum degree control is at 5kPa to 10Pa, and the reaction times was at 1 hour to 30 hours, obtain a kind ofly thickly being the polyester type hyperbranched polymer of hydroxyl, wherein AB to solid state is terminal
xMonomer and B
yMol ratio between monomer exists
Wherein y is B
yMonomeric functional group number, x are the hydroxy functional group number of polyhydroxy-acid, and n is 1 to 5 natural number, and it represents the algebraically of hyperbranched resin, B
yThe type polyol is a core molecule, the B representation hydroxy, and its hydroxy functional group is counted y 〉=2, AB
xThe type polyhydroxy-acid is for dispersing molecule, and wherein A represents and contains a carboxyl functional group in the molecule, and on behalf of hydroxy functional group and its hydroxy functional group in the molecule, B count x 〉=2; Second step was to add lipid acid in the terminal hydroxyl hyper-branched polyester type product of the first step gained, and the consumption of lipid acid is raw material A B
xThe 1%-50% of type polyhydroxy-acid mole number, and under vacuum condition, carry out the melt condensation reaction, temperature of reaction is controlled at 140 ℃ to 220 ℃, and vacuum degree control is at 5kPa to 10Pa, and the reaction times was at 1 hour to 30 hours; The 3rd step was second product that obtain of step to be added in the solvent dissolve, and carried out esterification with acid anhydrides again under 80 ℃ to 200 ℃ temperature and condition of normal pressure, and the reaction times, the acid anhydrides amount of adding was raw material A B at 10 minutes to 10 hours
xThe 5%-50% of type polyhydroxy-acid mole number obtains a kind of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant at last.
2, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described B
yThe type polyol is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol, glycol ether, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), glycerol or tetramethylolmethane.
3, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described AB
xPolyhydroxy-acid is dimethylol propionic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid or polyhydrony fatty acid.
4, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described AB
xPolyhydroxy-acid is the dihydroxylated acid that is formed by equimolar phthalic anhydride, Pyroglutaric acid or Succinic anhydried and diisopropanolamine (DIPA) or diethanolamine reaction.
5, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described lipid acid is caproic acid, sad, capric acid, lauric acid, 16 carbonic acid, 18 carbonic acid, behenic acid, linolenic acid, talloleic acid, cocinic acid, dehydrated castor oleic acid, palmitinic acid, oleic acid, linolic acid, eleostearic acid, eicosanoic acid, wych-elm acid or polymeric acid.
6, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solvent is benzene,toluene,xylene, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, acetate methoxy propyl alcohol ester, methyl benzoate, butyl benzoate, butanone, methyl n-butyl ketone, mibk, pimelinketone, dimethyl formamide, the mixed solvent of one or two or more kinds in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dioxane, the tetrahydrofuran (THF).
7, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described acid anhydrides is Succinic anhydried, Pyroglutaric acid, MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride or trimellitic acid 1,2-anhydride.
8, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at the first step B
yType polyol and AB
xAdd catalyzer in the type polyhydroxy-acid melt polycondensation reaction, catalyst levels is the 0%-5% of reactant gross weight.
9, the preparation method of polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described catalyzer is sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, tungstosilicic acid, phospho-molybdic acid, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid or p-nitrobenzoic acid.
10, according to the prepared polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant of preparation method of the described polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant of claim 1-9.
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2008
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Assignee: Zhangzhou Wanan Industry Co., Ltd. Assignor: Wuhan Institute of Technology Contract record no.: 2011350000215 Denomination of invention: Polyester type hyperbranched polymer pigment dispersant and preparation thereof Granted publication date: 20101208 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090128 Record date: 20110916 |
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