CN101350693B - Method and apparatus for conveying protocol information - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a sending and receiving method and a sending and receiving device of transmission protocol information, which belong to the communication field. Including: constructing protocol information; constructing the header of the IPv6 packet, and marking the IPv6 packet as an IPv6 empty packet; adding the protocol information to the payload area of the IPv6 packet to form an IPv6 packet; sending out the constructed IPv6 packet. Receive IPv6 grouping; When the IPv6 grouping is IPv6 empty packet and include protocol information, according to the header of the IPv6 grouping, determine whether the current node is the node for parsing and processing the protocol information; when it is determined that the current node is for parsing and processing the When the node of the protocol information is used, the protocol information is parsed and processed. The technical scheme provided by the invention is used to transmit protocol information by extending the IPv6 protocol, can be completely compatible with the conventional IPv6 protocol, and can also ensure the simplicity of the protocol information form and the convenience of analysis.

Description

A method and device for transmitting protocol information

technical field

The invention relates to the communication field, in particular to a method and device for sending protocol information, and a method and device for receiving protocol information.

Background technique

At present, the Internet mainly adopts IPv4 technology, but with the rapid development of various network applications and services, the number of users has increased sharply, and IPv4 technology is facing some insurmountable difficulties, such as exhaustion of IP addresses, real-time business QoS (Quality of Service) , service quality) poor support and other deficiencies. The IPv6 technology has obvious advantages in the number of addresses, security, quality of service, mobility and so on. Therefore, the network adopting IPv6 will have better scalability than the existing IPv4 network, and it will be easier to provide users with QoS services.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it is an IPv6 packet format, which includes a basic header 10 , an optional number of extended headers 20 , and an optional upper-layer protocol payload 30 . Among them, the basic header consists of version number (the value is fixed at 6), stream type, stream label, PL (Playload Length, payload length), NH (Next Header, next header), HL (Hop Limit, path segment limit), Source address, destination address consists of 8 fields. There are many kinds of IPv6 extension headers, including: hop-by-hop option header, destination option header, routing header, fragmentation header, authentication header, encapsulation security payload header, NNH (No Next Header, a kind of IPv6 extension header), etc. They can be combined into an IPv6 group according to certain rules. Regardless of whether it is a basic header or an extended header, the Next Header field indicates the type of the extended header or the type of the upper layer protocol that follows.

As the basic technology of the next generation Internet, IPv6 has proposed many extension protocols for it in the prior art, and usually these protocols need to define their own signaling information. See Figure 2, which shows a typical protocol information encapsulation format.

In particular, the IP telecommunication network is likely to become the development direction of the future telecommunication network. However, at present, IPv6 itself cannot support the OAM (Operation Administration Maintenance, Operation Administration Maintenance) function required by the telecommunication network. OAM is a tool for monitoring and solving network problems. It can report the status of the network, enabling network administrators to manage the network more effectively, including link performance monitoring, fault detection and alarm, loop test, remote MIB variable request. OAM is a general mechanism for device interoperability and mutual maintenance. Its basic operations include establishing OAM connections, link monitoring, remote fault diagnosis, remote loopback, and remote MIB variable requests.

Although the two-way forwarding detection that is in the draft stage of IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet Engineering Task Force) helps to improve the speed of fault detection to a certain extent, it encapsulates the UDP layer after the IPv6 packet header, and then encapsulates the two-way forwarding To detect the payload, therefore, it needs to be processed by the upper layer protocol or deep packet analysis before it can obtain the payload. This makes it unsuitable for implementation on the data forwarding plane, and it is difficult to meet the time-critical protection switching requirements.

Referring to FIG. 3 , prior art 1 defines a new extension header type 40 , and encapsulates protocol information in the extension header 40 . Since the processing of this extended header may involve multiple nodes or even all nodes on a path, it needs to be defined as an extended header processed hop-by-hop, or combined with hop-by-hop options, destination options, and routing extension headers. application.

However, this method needs to modify the IPv6 standard, including defining a new extension header type and its processing mechanism, as well as the processing sequence of the extension header relative to other extension headers. This method must obtain the support of the IETF, and therefore involves a long standardization process. In addition, after the extension header is added, when any IPv6 packet with the extension header is processed on the forwarding plane, it is necessary to identify whether it is this special extension header, which will increase the complexity of the forwarding process and affect the forwarding speed.

Referring to Fig. 4, the prior art 2 defines a new IPv6 option type, and then encapsulates the protocol information in this option type, and allows two types of extension headers in the IPv6 protocol, the hop-by-hop option extension header and the destination option extension header are able to parse and handle this option type. The binary value of the first 3 bits of the option type is set to 000, so that even if the intermediate node cannot recognize the option type, it can forward the packet unchanged. However, this method needs to define a new IPv6 option type, and its information construction process is relatively complicated, and its parsing efficiency is relatively low. Especially for the aforementioned OAM information, it may be necessary to modify the option processing behaviors of various extension headers to meet the requirements of the protocol. In addition, like the prior art 1, in order to meet the requirement of IPv6 network intercommunication, it also needs the support of IETF to modify the IPv6 standard.

At present, ITU-T (International Telecom Union-Telecom, International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector) has not yet started to standardize IPv6 OAM, but from the T-MPLS (Transport-MPLS, Transport Multi-Protocol Label Switching) and other packet transmissions announced by it According to the proposed draft requirements of the network, its OAM is rich in functions and has high real-time requirements. If IPv6 is to be used in telecommunication networks, it also needs to meet similar OAM performance requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the protocol of IPv6, for example, to increase the OAM function required by the transport network of the telecommunication level.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a method for transmitting protocol information, such as the protocol information of the OAM function required by the telecommunication level transmission network. Since the transmission of the protocol information needs to support quite complex signaling information, it is necessary to extend the IPv6 protocol to directly encapsulate the extended protocol information into the header of the IPv6 packet.

In order to solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a sending method, a receiving method and a network node for transmitting protocol information, and the technical solution is as follows:

First, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for sending protocol information, the method including:

Construct protocol information;

Construct the IPv6 packet header;

Adding the protocol information and the IPv6 packet header in the payload area of the IPv6 packet to form an IPv6 packet, and marking the IPv6 packet at the IPv6 packet header as an IPv6 empty packet;

The IPv6 packet header identifies a node on the transmission path that needs to parse and process the protocol information, and sends the IPv6 packet.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for receiving protocol information, the method specifically includes:

receive IPv6 packets;

When the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet, determine whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, and then determine whether the current node that receives the IPv6 packet is the one that parses and processes the protocol information according to the header of the IPv6 packet node;

When it is determined that the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information, parses the IPv6 packet, and parses and processes the protocol information.

In the implementation of the present invention, a device for sending protocol information is also provided, and the device includes:

The protocol information construction module is used to construct the protocol information;

A packet header construction module for constructing an IPv6 packet header;

A packet construction module, configured to add the protocol information and the IPv6 packet header in the payload area of the IPv6 packet to form an IPv6 packet, and mark the IPv6 packet at the IPv6 packet header as an IPv6 empty packet;

A sending module, configured to identify a node on the transmission path that needs to parse and process the protocol information in the header of the IPv6 packet, and send the IPv6 packet.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for receiving protocol information, the device comprising:

A receiving module, configured to receive IPv6 packets;

The first judging module is used to determine whether the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 packet containing protocol information according to whether the basic header load length field of the IPv6 packet is greater than the sum of the lengths of all extended headers when the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet group;

The second judging module is used to judge whether the current node is a node for parsing and processing the protocol information according to the header of the IPv6 packet when the first judging module judges that the IPv6 packet is a packet containing protocol information;

The parsing and processing module is used for parsing the IPv6 packet when the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, and parsing and processing the protocol information.

In the above embodiments of the present invention, by directly encapsulating the extended protocol information into the payload area of the header of the IPv6 packet, utilizing the IPv6 empty packet feature, the transmission function of the protocol information is enhanced, and it is backward compatible with the conventional IPv6 protocol, and the extended protocol information is in The intermediate nodes of traditional IPv6 routers can be transparently transmitted to ensure network interoperability, and there is no need for IETF to allocate new Next Header types or add new option data types, so it is easier to implement. Based on this method, complex protocol information can be constructed, and the simplicity of form and simplicity of analysis can be maintained, thereby improving the forwarding speed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the packet format of IPv6 in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical protocol information encapsulation format;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of prior art one encapsulating protocol information in a new IPv6 extension header;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of prior art 2 encapsulating protocol information in a new IPv6 option type;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an IPv6 packet including protocol information provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for sending protocol information according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for receiving protocol information according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of receiving any IPv6 packet according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for sending protocol information according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for receiving protocol information according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

According to the IPv6 specification, if the Next Header field of the IPv6 basic header or any extended header is 59, it indicates that there is nothing after the header, so this header type actually defines an empty packet. It also specifies that any such empty packet, even if its IPv6 payload length indicates that there are extra bytes following it, should ignore these bytes and forward the packet unchanged.

As shown in FIG. 6 , Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for sending protocol information. In order to transmit certain protocol information that meets application requirements, according to the technical solution of the present invention, an IPv6 packet of an empty packet is constructed, wherein the IPv6 packet contains the protocol information. details as follows:

Step 101, constructing protocol information;

The format of the protocol information is shown in Figure 2. The present invention does not limit the structural format of the protocol information. Any form that meets the structural requirements of the protocol information itself and is arbitrarily expanded as required is applied to the present invention and is within the protection of the present invention.

Among them, the protocol type, version, and protocol function number are defined according to the content of the protocol information that needs to be transmitted actually, and the above three information are used as the header of the protocol information format, followed by the data for placing the protocol information.

Step 102, constructing the IPv6 packet header;

The value of the payload length field of the basic header of the IPv6 packet is set equal to the sum of the lengths of all extended headers and the protocol information.

According to the needs of the application, you can choose whether to use the extension header conforming to the IPv6 protocol, and choose any one or more extension headers. Therefore, the packet header can be the basic IPv6 header, or it can be the basic IPv6 header and various IPv6 protocol specifications. A combination of extension headers.

Step 103, adding the protocol information and the IPv6 packet header in the payload area of the IPv6 packet to form an IPv6 packet, and marking the IPv6 packet at the IPv6 packet header as an IPv6 empty packet;

If there is no extended header, the Next Header field of the basic header of the IPv6 packet is set to 59 (when there is no extended header), if there is, the Next Header field of the last extended header is set to 59, so that the IPv6 grouping is an IPv6 Empty package.

Wherein, the protocol information is encapsulated in the format shown in FIG. 2 and placed in the payload area of the IPv6 packet. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an IPv6 packet containing protocol information. The left picture shows the payload area where the protocol information is directly encapsulated after the basic header, and the right picture shows the payload area where the protocol information is encapsulated after the extended header. For example, when the protocol information is OAM protocol information, the OAM protocol information is encapsulated and placed in the payload area of the IPv6 null packet.

At this time, the payload length field value of the basic header of the constructed IPv6 packet can reflect the sum of the length of the carried OAM protocol information and the length of all extended headers of the packet.

Step 104, identifying the node on the transmission path that needs to parse and process the protocol information in the header of the IPv6 packet, and sending the IPv6 packet.

For example, when the IPv6 packet only includes the basic header, use the flow label of the basic header to identify the node that parses and processes the protocol information, or when the IPv6 packet includes both the basic header and other types of extended headers, use the used The header is extended to identify the nodes that parse and process the protocol information. For example, when the IPv6 packet includes both the basic header and other types of extended headers, the following situations may occur, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the following situations of using the extended headers.

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a hop-by-hop option header and an NNH header, identify all nodes on the transmission path as nodes that parse and process the protocol information; or

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a destination option header and an NNH header, identify the destination node as a node that parses and processes the protocol information; or

When the extension header included in the IPv6 packet is a routing extension header and an NNH header, identify the node specified by the routing header as a node for parsing and processing the protocol information.

As shown in FIG. 7, it is a flow chart of a method for receiving protocol information provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The receiving method specifically includes:

Step 201, receiving IPv6 grouping;

Step 202, when the received IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet, determine whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, if so, determine whether the current node that receives the IPv6 packet is a parsing process according to the header of the IPv6 packet Nodes that describe the protocol information;

Wherein, when the Next Header value of any header of the IPv6 packet is 59, the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet.

Continue to determine whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, specifically including: when the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet, and when the payload length field of the basic header of the IPv6 packet is equal to the sum of all extended headers and the length of the protocol information , the IPv6 packet contains protocol information.

Step 203, when it is determined that the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information, parses the IPv6 packet, and parses and processes the protocol information.

Wherein, the step of judging whether the current node is a node for parsing and processing the protocol information further includes:

Extracting the header of the IPv6 packet;

When the IPv6 packet only includes a basic header, the flow label of the basic header of the IPv6 packet identifies whether the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information;

or

When the IPv6 packet includes both the basic header and other types of extended headers, it is identified whether the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information according to the used extended headers.

For example: when the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is the hop-by-hop option header and the NNH header, the current node is the node that parses and processes the protocol information; or

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a destination option header and an NNH header, and the current node is a destination node, the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information; or

When the extension header included in the IPv6 packet is a routing extension header and an NNH header, and the current node is specified by the routing header, then the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information.

As shown in Figure 8, for any IPv6 packet, the process of receiving and processing the IPv6 packet in Embodiment 3 of the present invention is as follows:

receive IPv6 packets;

Judging whether the IPv6 grouping is an IPv6 empty packet:

When the received IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet, it is judged whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, and when the IPv6 packet does not contain protocol information, it is judged whether the current node is a destination node, if so, the processing of the IPv6 packet is completed, Otherwise, directly forward the IPv6 packet; or, when the received IPv6 packet is not an empty packet, and any header identifies that the IPv6 packet contains upper-layer protocol information, perform upper-layer protocol information processing;

When the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet and contains protocol information, determine whether the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information according to the header of the IPv6 packet.

When it is determined that the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information, parses and processes the protocol information.

When the current node is an IPv6 router, directly forward the IPv6 packet.

It is judged whether the IPv6 packet has reached the destination node, and when the current node is the destination node, the processing of the IPv6 packet is completed, otherwise, it will be forwarded.

Referring to FIG. 9, Embodiment 4 of the present invention also provides an apparatus for sending protocol information, the apparatus including:

A protocol information construction module 101, configured to construct protocol information;

A packet header construction module 102, configured to construct an IPv6 packet header;

The packet construction module 103 is used to add the protocol information and the IPv6 packet header in the payload area of the IPv6 packet to form an IPv6 packet, and mark the IPv6 packet at the IPv6 packet header as an IPv6 empty packet;

The sending module 104 is configured to identify a node on the transmission path that needs to parse and process the protocol information in the header of the IPv6 packet, and send the IPv6 packet.

As shown in Figure 9, the packet header construction module 102 includes:

The first filling unit is used to fill the Next Header field of the header of the IPv6 packet, to mark the IPv6 packet as an IPv6 empty packet;

The second filling unit is used to fill the payload length field of the IPv6 packet header.

The sending module 104 also includes:

A node identification unit, when the IPv6 packet only includes a basic header, used to use the flow label of the basic header to identify the node that parses and processes the protocol information, or when the IPv6 packet includes both a basic header and other types of extended headers , which is used to identify the node that parses and processes the protocol information by using the used extension header.

For example, when the IPv6 packet includes both the basic header and other types of extended headers, the following situations may occur, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the following situations of using the extended headers.

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a hop-by-hop option header and an NNH header, it is used to identify all nodes on the transmission path as nodes that parse and process the protocol information; or

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a destination option header and an NNH header, it is used to identify the destination node as a node that parses and processes the protocol information; or

When the extension header included in the IPv6 packet is a routing extension header and an NNH header, it is used to identify the node specified by the routing header as a node for parsing and processing the protocol information.

Referring to Figure 10, Embodiment 5 of the present invention also provides an apparatus for receiving protocol information, the apparatus comprising:

Receiving module 201, used for receiving IPv6 grouping;

The first judging module 202 is used to determine whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information according to whether the basic header load length field of the IPv6 packet is greater than the sum of the lengths of all extended headers when the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 empty packet IPv6 packet;

The second judging module 203 is used for judging whether the current node is a node for parsing and processing the protocol information according to the header of the IPv6 packet when the first judging module judges that the IPv6 packet is a packet containing protocol information;

The parsing and processing module 204 is configured to parse the IPv6 packet when the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, and parse and process the protocol information.

When the current node is a node for analyzing and processing protocol information, and the received packet contains protocol information, the analyzing processing module 204 analyzes the received packet, and extracts the protocol information.

A device for receiving protocol information as described above, the device further includes:

A forwarding module 205, configured to forward the IPv6 packet;

When the current node is a node for parsing and processing the protocol information but not a destination node, after the parsing and processing of the protocol information, the forwarding module 205 forwards the IPv6 packet, or when the current node is not for parsing When the node processing the protocol information is not the destination node, the forwarding module 205 directly forwards the IPv6 packet until the current node is the destination node.

As described above in the receiving device, the second judging module 203 specifically includes:

An information extraction module, configured to extract header information in the IPv6 packet;

A node judging module, configured to judge whether the current node is a node for parsing and processing the protocol information according to the identifier of the basic header flow label of the IPv6 packet when the IPv6 packet only includes a basic header;

or,

When the IPv6 packet includes a basic header and other types of extended headers at the same time, it is used to judge whether the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information according to the identifier of the used extended header.

Wherein, judging whether the current node is a node for parsing and processing the protocol information according to the header of the IPv6 packet includes the following situations, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the following situations of using the extended header.

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a hop-by-hop option header and an NNH header, the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information; or

When the extended header included in the IPv6 packet is a destination option header and an NNH header, and the current node is a destination node, the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information; or

When the extension header included in the IPv6 packet is a routing extension header and an NNH header, and the current node is specified by the routing header, then the current node is a node that parses and processes the protocol information.

As can be seen from the description of the above implementation, the embodiment of the present invention provides a new method to transmit the protocol information, by utilizing the IPv6 empty packet feature, the protocol information is directly encapsulated into the payload area after the header of the IPv6 packet, enhancing Protocol information transmission function, and enables transparent transmission of extended protocol information on the intermediate nodes of traditional IPv6 routers, thereby ensuring network interoperability, and without the need for IETF to allocate new Next Header types or add new option data types, it is easy carry out. At the same time, it is fully compatible with the conventional IPv6 protocol, ensures the intercommunication of IPv6 compatible networks, and can also ensure the simplicity of the protocol information form and the simplicity of analysis, improving the forwarding speed.

Claims (18)

1. A method of transmitting protocol information, the method comprising:

constructing protocol information;

constructing an IPv6 packet header;

adding the protocol information into a payload area of an IPv6 packet, wherein the payload area of the IPv6 packet and the IPv6 packet header form an IPv6 packet, and the IPv6 packet is marked as an IPv6 empty packet in the IPv6 packet header;

and identifying nodes needing to analyze and process the protocol information on a transmission path on the IPv6 packet header, and sending the IPv6 packet.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said marking said IPv6 packet as an IPv6 null packet specifically comprises:

when the IPv6 packet includes only a basic Header, setting a Next Header field value of the basic Header to 59;

when the IPv6 packet includes both a base Header and other type extension headers, the Next Header field value of the last extension Header is set to 59.

3. The method of sending protocol information of claim 2 wherein constructing an IPv6 packet header further comprises:

the payload length field value of the basic header of the IPv6 packet is set equal to the sum of the lengths of all extension headers and the protocol information.

4. The method for sending protocol information according to claim 1, wherein the node that needs to parse and process the protocol information on the IPv6 packet header identification transmission path specifically includes:

when the IPv6 packet includes only a basic header, the flow label of the basic header is set to identify the node that parses the protocol information, or

When the IPv6 packet includes both a base header and other type extension headers, the node that handles the protocol information is parsed according to the extension header identification used.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the IPv6 packet includes both a basic header and an extension header of another type, the parsing the node processing the protocol information according to the extension header identification used specifically includes:

when the extension headers included in the IPv6 packet are a hop-by-hop option Header and a No Next Header, identifying all nodes on a transmission path as nodes for analyzing and processing the protocol information; or

When the extension Header included in the IPv6 packet is a destination option Header and a No Next Header, identifying a destination node as a node for analyzing and processing the protocol information; or

When the extension headers included in the IPv6 packet are a routing extension Header and a No Next Header, identifying the node designated by the routing extension Header as a node for analyzing and processing the protocol information.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the protocol information is operation management maintenance protocol information.

7. A method for receiving protocol information is characterized in that the method specifically comprises the following steps:

receiving an IPv6 packet;

when the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 null packet, determining whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information, if so, determining whether a current node receiving the IPv6 packet is a node for analyzing and processing the protocol information according to a header of the IPv6 packet;

when the current node is determined to be the node for analyzing and processing the protocol information, analyzing the IPv6 packet and analyzing and processing the protocol information.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of determining whether the IPv6 packet contains protocol information specifically comprises:

and judging whether the load length field of the basic header of the IPv6 packet is equal to the sum of all extension headers and the length of the protocol information, if so, the IPv6 packet contains the protocol information.

9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of determining whether the current node receiving the IPv6 packet is a node for parsing the protocol information according to the header of the IPv6 packet specifically comprises:

extracting a header of the IPv6 packet;

when the IPv6 packet only comprises a basic header, identifying whether the current node is a node for resolving and processing the protocol information according to the flow label of the basic header of the IPv6 packet;

or

When the IPv6 packet simultaneously comprises a basic header and an extension header of other types, whether the current node is a node for resolving and processing the protocol information is confirmed according to the identification of the extension header.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein when the IPv6 packet includes both a basic header and an extension header of another type, identifying whether the current node is a node that parses the protocol information according to the extension header used includes:

when the extension headers included in the IPv6 packet are a hop-by-hop option Header and a No Next Header, the current node is a node for analyzing and processing the protocol information; or

When the extension Header included in the IPv6 packet is a destination option Header and a No Next Header, and the current node is a destination node, the current node is a node for analyzing and processing the protocol information; or

When the extension headers included in the IPv6 packet are a route extension Header and a No Next Header, and the current node is specified by the route extension Header, the current node is a node that parses the protocol information.

11. A method for receiving protocol information according to any of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and after the current node analyzes and processes the protocol information or when the current node is not the node for analyzing and processing the protocol information, judging whether the current node is a destination node or not, if so, finishing the forwarding processing of the IPv6 packet, otherwise, forwarding the IPv6 packet.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the IPv6 packet is directly forwarded when it is determined that a current node receiving the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 router.

13. An apparatus for transmitting protocol information, the apparatus comprising:

the protocol information constructing module is used for constructing protocol information;

a packet header constructing module for constructing an IPv6 packet header;

a packet construction module, configured to add the protocol information in a payload area of an IPv6 packet, where the payload area of the IPv6 packet and the IPv6 packet header form an IPv6 packet, and mark the IPv6 packet as an IPv6 null packet in the IPv6 packet header;

and the sending module is used for identifying the nodes needing to analyze and process the protocol information on the transmission path by the IPv6 packet header and sending the IPv6 packet.

14. The apparatus for transmitting protocol information according to claim 13, wherein the packet header constructing module comprises:

a first padding unit, configured to pad a Next Header field of the IPv6 packet Header to mark the IPv6 packet as an IPv6 null packet;

a second padding unit for padding a payload length field of a basic header of the IPv6 packet.

15. The apparatus for transmitting protocol information according to claim 13, wherein the transmitting module further comprises:

and the node identification unit is used for identifying the node for resolving and processing the protocol information by utilizing the flow label of the basic header when the IPv6 packet only comprises the basic header, or identifying the node for resolving and processing the protocol information by utilizing the used extension header when the IPv6 packet simultaneously comprises the basic header and the other type extension header.

16. An apparatus for receiving protocol information, the apparatus comprising:

a receiving module for receiving an IPv6 packet;

a first judging module, configured to, when the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 null packet, judge whether the IPv6 packet is an IPv6 packet that includes protocol information, according to whether a payload length field of a basic header of the IPv6 packet is greater than a sum of lengths of all extension headers;

a second judging module, configured to, when the first judging module judges that the IPv6 packet is a packet containing protocol information, judge, according to a header of the IPv6 packet, whether a current node that receives the IPv6 packet is a node that parses the protocol information;

and the analysis processing module is used for analyzing the IPv6 packet and analyzing and processing the protocol information when the current node is the node for analyzing and processing the protocol information and the IPv6 packet contains the protocol information.

17. The apparatus for receiving protocol information of claim 16, wherein the apparatus further comprises:

a forwarding module for forwarding the IPv6 packet.

18. The apparatus for receiving protocol information according to claim 16, wherein the second determining module specifically includes:

the information extraction module is used for extracting the header information in the IPv6 packet;

a node judgment module, configured to, when the IPv6 packet includes only a basic header, judge, according to an identifier of a basic header flow label of the IPv6 packet, whether the current node is a node that parses the protocol information; or, when the IPv6 packet includes both a basic header and an extension header of another type, the IPv6 packet is configured to determine whether the current node is a node that parses the protocol information according to the identifier of the extension header used.

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