CN101348865A - Leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy - Google Patents
Leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN101348865A CN101348865A CNA2008101196273A CN200810119627A CN101348865A CN 101348865 A CN101348865 A CN 101348865A CN A2008101196273 A CNA2008101196273 A CN A2008101196273A CN 200810119627 A CN200810119627 A CN 200810119627A CN 101348865 A CN101348865 A CN 101348865A
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- nickel
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- leaching
- coarse grain
- grain alloy
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Abstract
The invention provides a leaching method for a nickel-copper coarse-grained alloy, which is characterized in that nickel in the coarse-grained alloy is leached out by adoption of a sectional leaching agent which contains copper ions and sulfuric acid, and lixivium obtained is a nickel sulphate solution and the copper ions are deposited in leaching slag and then leached out. By adoption of the leaching method, the leaching speed can be improved and the copper and the nickel can be effectively separated; and the leaching method is favorable for promotion and application of the acid leaching method processing technique.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acidleach treatment process of cu-ni sulphide ore thing, belong to a kind of leaching method of the Technology, particularly a kind of copper nickel coarse grain alloy that the coarse grain alloy in the floating intermediates of high-sulfur mill is carried out wet processing.
Background technology
Cu-ni sulphide ore has the cu-ni sulphide ore of noble metals such as platinum, palladium, gold, rhodium, iridium, osmium, ruthenium for symbiosis, it is very important to adopt advanced and applicable technical process to reclaim these precious metals.Certain cu-ni sulphide ore in China, its platinum metals output accounts for more than 85% of national output.In existing precious metal recovery method, adopted alloy sulfiding smelting technology, this has not only caused the loss of precious metal, and has brought the serious environmental pollution.
The intermediates that cu-ni sulphide ore forms in the floating sepn process of high sulfonium mill are cupronickels, comprise coarse grain alloy and fine alloy.Precious metal floats nearly to have in the sepn process at high sulfonium mill and 90% is enriched in the intermediates cupronickel.The alloy sulfuration process carries out the high ice of sulfiding smelting output secondary nickel with this cupronickel as raw material exactly, carries out the floating output secondary alloy of secondary grinding again, and this secondary alloy is as the raw material that extracts precious metal.Production practice show, and are floating through such sulfuration and mill, precious metal only enrichment 5 times, and with a toll of more than 10%.Therefore, be necessary to adopt new technique means to improve the concentration ratio and the rate of recovery of precious metal.
In fact, not only metal loss is big, energy consumption is many but also generation has SO in a large number for the sulfuration process of an alloy
2Flue gas, be difficult for to handle, environmental pollution is serious, labor condition is poor.As adopt then thorough decontamination source of wet processing, improve the Air quality and the Working environment of plant area.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defective or the deficiency that exist in the prior art, a kind of leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy is provided, adopt this leaching method can improve leaching velocity, help applying of acidleach wet processing process.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy is characterized in that: adopt to comprise that cupric ion and vitriolic leaching agent leach the nickel in the coarse grain alloy, the leach liquor of acquisition is a nickel sulfate solution; Cupric ion is deposited in the leached mud.
Described leaching agent also leaches iron and cobalt.
Described nickel sulfate solution is a kind of Ni＞80g/l, Cu＜0.5g/l, H
2SO
4The nickel sulfate solution of＜10g/l.
During nickel in leaching coarse grain alloy, i.e. oxidation period, logical oxygen in leaching agent; When cupric ion precipitates, i.e. locomorphic stage, stop oxygen.
Described leached mud adopts sulphuric acid soln as leaching agent, and with copper, nickel, iron and the cobalt leaching of metallographic phase in the leached mud, the leach liquor of acquisition is a copper-bath, and the leached mud of acquisition is the leached mud as precious metal raw material.
Described copper-bath is the copper-bath of a kind of weight content Cu: Ni 〉=2: 1.
When the copper of metallographic phase, nickel, iron and cobalt leach in leached mud, logical oxygen in leaching agent.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
Owing in the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy, in existing sulfuric acid leaching agent, introduce cupric ion, thereby can strengthen leaching velocity, help applying of acidleach wet processing process.
Embodiment
The leaching existing repeatedly experimental study and the industrial practice of copper nickel ice nickel, for example: adopt the sulfuric acid pressure leaching process to handle high ice nickel, the normal pressure and the pressurization of nickel ore concentrate, fine alloy mixture are leached or the like.What the present invention studied floats product to liking the high-sulfur mill: coarse grain alloy and fine alloy.Big for this granularity, take which kind of wet processing flow process than great, the difficult material that grinds, also do not have studying and testing of system, the applicant has proposed " using acid leaching process processing cupronickel instead to improve precious metal rate of recovery conductive suggestion about abolishing the alloy sulfuration " for this reason.According to this suggestion, coarse grain alloy and fine alloy carry out sulfuric acid respectively and leach; Fine alloy also will increase by one section pressurization and leaches because sulfur-bearing is higher; In the normal pressure leaching process, introduce cupric ion to strengthen leaching velocity; Leach by one section leachings, precipitation and two sections oxygen simultaneously, solution that a kind of nickeliferous height of output and impurity are few and the another kind of Cu that contains are high and nickeliferous low solution (Cu: Ni 〉=2: 1) is handled nickel and copper in the recovery raw material respectively.Particulate pressurization leached mud and two sections leached muds of coarse grain, because of the quantity of slag seldom, can directly send the precious metal workshop.
Coarse grain alloy and fine alloy are taked the mode that leaches respectively.The advantage of this mode is can obtain copper, nickel than higher solution.
1. technological process is described below:
It is two sections leach liquors of part particulate and two sections leach liquors of coarse grain liquid behind the decopper(ing) of output behind the electrodeposition that coarse grain alloy leaches used leaching agent for one section.In leaching process, nickel, iron, cobalt are leached, and copper is precipitated into slag, obtains containing Ni＞80g/l, Cu＜0.5g/l, H
2SO
4The nickel sulfate solution of＜10g/l is sent to recovery nickel, and leached mud carries out two sections leachings, and leaching agent is a sulphuric acid soln.In two sections one section leached muds when leaching in sedimentary copper and the raw material major part of copper leached, obtain the copper-bath of Cu/Ni 〉=2, this solution removes part copper and generates sulfuric acid through electrodeposition, its vitriolic amount with thick, that fine alloy leaches the copper amount is suitable, liquid all returns one section leaching of coarse grain behind the decopper(ing).Leached mud is used to extract precious metal.
2. the chemical principle that leaches of coarse grain alloy:
One section leaching of coarse grain alloy divides two stages: oxidation period and locomorphic stage.Lead to oxygen oxidation period, mainly leach Cu, Fe, Ni, Co in the alloy.When the ph value reaches certain numerical value, stop oxygen, leach and enter locomorphic stage.Mainly utilize the Ni, the Fe metal replacement copper that are not leached in the alloy.Ni, Fe, Co mainly exist with metallic state in the coarse grain alloy.According to their character, in oxidation period following reaction may take place:
Fe
0+H
2SO
4＝FeSO
4+H
2↑ (1)
Ni
0+H
2SO
4＝NiSO
4+H
2↑ (2)
Fe
0+1/2O
2+H
2SO
4＝FeSO
4+H
2O (3)
Ni
0+1/2O
2+H
2SO
4＝NiSO
4+H
2O (4)
Fe
0+CuSO
4＝FeSO
4+Cu
0 (5)
Ni
0+CuSO
4＝NiSO
4+Cu
0 (6)
Fe
0+Fe
2(SO
4)
3＝3FeSO
4 (7)
Ni
0+Fe
2(SO
4)
3＝NiSO
4+2FeSO
4 (8)
(1), (2) reaction exists, this can observe from experiment, when leaching obstructed oxygen, slag has poly-and rising phenomenon, obviously is due to the slag particle surface adsorption hydrogen.It is very little changing slowly the contribution of reaction (1), (2) as can be seen leaching velocity being done from pH, does not exist with alloy state because iron, nickel are with simple substance.Fe when leading to oxygen
0And Ni
0Mainly generated water with (3), the oxidation of (4) formula reactive hydrogen.
Reaction (3), (4) are leached in the reaction at all and are occupied certain weight proportion, but speed of response is limited, and when not adding copper leaching only logical oxygen, the leaching yield of 4 hours nickel has only 54%.
When aerobic, sulfuric acid and cupric ion existed, that carries out in the oxidising process was very fast, and this is because (5), (6), (7), (8) these 4 reactions have taken place.Because Cu
2+And Fe
3+Participate in displacement and oxidizing reaction, leaching process is quickened greatly.
Fe
3+Be by Fe
2+Oxidation and come.Fe
2+Can react by following formula:
2FeSO
4+1/2O
2+H
2SO
4＝Fe
2(SO
4)
3+H
2O (9)
In fact, this reaction is carried out quite slowly.As Cu
2+When existing, Fe
2+Oxidation rate will accelerate:
Fe
2++Cu
2+＝Fe
3++Cu
+ (10)
Cu
++1/4O
2+H
2＝Cu
2++1/2H
2O (11)
The katalysis of cupric ion is carried out according to top two reaction formula just.
By (5), (6), two Cu that reaction generates
0Also can be oxidized to Cu
2+:
Cu
0+1/2O
2+H
2SO
4＝CuSO
4+H
2O (12)
Cu
0+Fe
2(SO
4)
3＝CuSO
4+2FeSO
4 (13)
In oxidising process, copper is played the effect of an acid by repeated precipitation and dissolving.Because sedimentation speed is greater than oxidation rate, how on a declining curve copper ion concentration is.The obvious example of the oxidized dissolved of copper is, copper ion concentration descends earlier, rises in the back, even surpasses starting point concentration.This is because oxidation rate has surpassed sedimentation speed.
In sum, Cu
2+In oxidising process, not only play the effect of leaching agent, the more important thing is and play catalyst action, just because of its existence, just can make the higher speed of reaction acquisition that leaches.
In locomorphic stage, obstructed oxygen, principal reaction is the deposition of copper, undertaken by reaction (5), (6), formula, cupric ion, copper ion concentration can be reduced to 1mg/l.Fe
3+Also will be reduced to Fe
2+
Deriving and testing the copper and the clean quantity (by mole) that consumes of sulfuric acid that all show in the leaching agent equals to leach element, as the summation of nickel, iron, cobalt and other soluble materials.Cupric ion shared ratio in leaching agent is 20-40%.
The leaching reaction of cobalt element is identical with nickel in the alloy.
In second section leaching process, leaching agent is a sulfuric acid, under the condition of logical oxygen, at first leaches copper by the reaction of (12) formula, also can react by (5), (6), (7), (8) formula thereafter, even the copper of metallographic phase, nickel, iron, cobalt all dissolves.(3), (4), (1), (2) reaction factor amount seldom, reacting weight is smaller.
3. test-results
3.1 the physicochemical property of coarse grain alloy
Be the checking such scheme, we have carried out necessary test, and the physicochemical property of the coarse grain alloy that test is adopted are as follows:
1) size-grade distribution
Size-grade distribution sees Table 3-1
The size-grade distribution of table 3-1 coarse grain alloy
| Grain warp/mm | ＞1 | 1-0.5 | 0.5-0.25 | 0.25-0.154 | 0.154-0.074 | ＜0.074 |
| Distribution/% | 0.8 | 12.7 | 26.9 | 25.9 | 19.9 | 13.8 |
2) density
After measured: the true density of coarse grain alloy is 7.75g/cm
3
The loose density of coarse grain alloy is 2.25g/cm
3
The tap density of coarse grain alloy is 2.65g/cm
3
3) chemical ingredients
Chemical ingredients sees Table 3-2
The chemical ingredients of table 3-2 coarse grain alloy
| Element | Ni | Fe | Co | Cu | S | Al 2O 3 | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO |
| Content % | 72.56 | 10.03 | 1.26 | 11.29 | 1.25 | 1.00 | 0.77 | ＜0.02 | ＜0.02 |
3.2 the physicochemical property of fine alloy
The physicochemical property of the fine alloy that test is adopted are as follows:
1) size-grade distribution of fine alloy sees Table 3-3
The size-grade distribution of table 3-3 fine alloy
| Grain warp/mm | ＞0.154 | 0.154-0.074 | 0.074-0. | 0.05 | 0.05-0.045 | ＜0.045 |
| Distribution/% | 5.8 | 12.6 | 15.2 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 38.7 |
2) Chemical Composition of fine alloy
We used two batch materials at the trial, and its Chemical Composition is as table 3-4,3-5.
The Chemical Composition of table 3-4 fine alloy
3) the thing phase of alloy
The thing phase composite of fine alloy is as follows:
Table 3-5 material dosing analytical results
| The thing phase | Nickelous sulfide | Cupric sulfide | Alloy | Magnetite | Gangue |
| Composition/% | 39.0 | 1.1 | 48.9 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
3.3 investigation about metallographic phase in two sections leached muds
We utilize microscope, and means such as electronic probe have been carried out examination of product to two sections leached muds, and the result is as follows:
(1) material in the product is formed
Mainly be NiS in the product, next has metallic copper, chalcopyrite, pentlandite, the Ni of copper glance, magnetite, trace
3S
2, slag, CuS, (FeNiCu) S, ferric oxide etc.Wherein NiS is Ni
3S
2After two sections leachings, change and come, see the electron probe microanalysis result:
Table 3-6 nickelous sulfide electron probe microanalysis result/%
| Content | S | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Add up to |
| Soak preceding nickelous sulfide | 25.8 | 0.70 | 0.96 | 71.89 | 0.36 | 99.71 |
| Soak postcure nickel | 35.67 | 0.22 | 1.30 | 60.32 | 2.16 | 99.67 |
| Soak the residual Ni in back 3S 2 | 25.34 | 0.61 | 0.92 | 72.86 | 0.15 | 99.88 |
The content and the existence form of (2) two sections leached mud interalloies
Utilize the microscope statistical technique that the residual alloys in the product has been carried out quantitative analysis, its result is 14ppm (14g/t).
The existence form of alloy in product has following several:
A, independent alloy with other particle adhesion or symbiosis, can not divide two kinds again: a kind of because mechanical sneaking into; Another kind of is corrosion remnants.The former quantity is few but granularity is bigger, is 0.06 * 0.012 to the maximum.The latter is main residual alloys, and granularity does not wait.
B, with other particle adhesion or symbiosis, as with adhesion or symbiosis such as magnetite, metallic copper, copper glance, NiS.
Composition before and after alloy leaches changes little, sees the electron probe microanalysis result:
Table 3-7 alloying constituent electron probe microanalysis result/%
| Content | S | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Add up to |
| Before the leaching | 0.19 | 10.61 | 1.57 | 78.22 | 8.87 | 99.46 |
| After the leaching | 0.18 | 8.75 | 1.38 | 79.42 | 10.02 | 99.75 |
(3) conclusion
Two sections leached mud interalloy content are few, even whole nickel wherein, iron, cobalt and acid-respons generate hydrogen, its content also is safe.
3.4 concentration effect about precious metal
Duration of test was once analyzed one, two sections leached muds of normal pressure thick, fine alloy, and its bullion content is as table 3-8.
Table 3-8 precious metal grade/g/t
| Title | P t | P d | A u |
| One section leached mud of coarse grain | 502 | 187 | 139 |
| Two sections leached muds of coarse grain | 8680 | 2890 | 1090 |
| One section leached mud of particulate | 10.4 | 50.8 | 43.5 |
| Two sections leached muds of particulate | 198 | 91.8 | 90.3 |
According to two sections slag rates of coarse grain is 3.3% reckoning, and concentration of precious metal can reach 30 times.
Claims (7)
1. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy is characterized in that: adopt to comprise that cupric ion and vitriolic leaching agent leach the nickel in the coarse grain alloy, the leach liquor of acquisition is a nickel sulfate solution; Cupric ion is deposited in the leached mud.
2. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described leaching agent also leaches iron and cobalt.
3. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nickel sulfate solution is a kind of Ni＞80g/l, Cu＜0.5g/l, H
2SO
4The nickel sulfate solution of＜10g/l.
4. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during nickel in leaching coarse grain alloy, i.e. and oxidation period, logical oxygen in leaching agent; When cupric ion precipitates, i.e. locomorphic stage, stop oxygen.
5. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described leached mud adopts sulphuric acid soln as leaching agent, copper, nickel, iron and the cobalt of metallographic phase in the leached mud are leached, the leach liquor that obtains is a copper-bath, and the leached mud of acquisition is the leached mud as precious metal raw material.
6. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described copper-bath is the copper-bath of a kind of weight content Cu: Ni 〉=2: 1.
7. the leaching method of copper nickel coarse grain alloy according to claim 5 is characterized in that: when the copper of metallographic phase, nickel, iron and cobalt leach in leached mud, lead to oxygen in leaching agent.
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102399990A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-04-04 | 镇江中孚复合材料有限公司 | Method for extracting niobium oxide from waste and old niobium-containing high-temperature alloy |
| CN105177283A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-23 | 天津市茂联科技有限公司 | Deep leaching method of copper-containing alloy leaching tailings |
| CN107058730A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of method and its system comprehensively utilized to cu-ni sulphide ore |
| CN110510659A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 广西银亿新材料有限公司 | A kind of method of integrated treatment cupro-nickel skin waste material |
| CN114620759A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Production method for producing electroplated copper sulfate by directly evaporating and crystallizing sponge copper leaching solution |
-
2008
- 2008-09-04 CN CNA2008101196273A patent/CN101348865A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102399990A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-04-04 | 镇江中孚复合材料有限公司 | Method for extracting niobium oxide from waste and old niobium-containing high-temperature alloy |
| CN105177283A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-23 | 天津市茂联科技有限公司 | Deep leaching method of copper-containing alloy leaching tailings |
| CN107058730A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-08-18 | 中南大学 | A kind of method and its system comprehensively utilized to cu-ni sulphide ore |
| CN107058730B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of method and its system to cu-ni sulphide ore comprehensive utilization |
| CN110510659A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 广西银亿新材料有限公司 | A kind of method of integrated treatment cupro-nickel skin waste material |
| CN114620759A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-06-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Production method for producing electroplated copper sulfate by directly evaporating and crystallizing sponge copper leaching solution |
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Open date: 20090121 |