CN101345315A - Direct carbon fuel cell reaction device - Google Patents
Direct carbon fuel cell reaction device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101345315A CN101345315A CNA2008101192041A CN200810119204A CN101345315A CN 101345315 A CN101345315 A CN 101345315A CN A2008101192041 A CNA2008101192041 A CN A2008101192041A CN 200810119204 A CN200810119204 A CN 200810119204A CN 101345315 A CN101345315 A CN 101345315A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a direct carbon fuel battery reaction device, belonging to the field of direct carbon fuel battery technique. An upper base (1) of the reaction device is coaxially arranged into a water cooling sleeve (2); the connection of the upper base and the water cooling sleeve is welded and sealed to form a water cooling chamber; an anode current collecting Pt net (12) is used for collecting current from the anode of a button-typed solid oxide fuel battery (16); two ends of an anode current collecting Pt wire (15) are respectively used as an reference electrode and a testing electrode; the temperature measuring point of a temperature measuring thermal-couple (17) and the button-typed solid oxide fuel battery (16) keep in the same height; the bottom of an anode chamber pipe (6) is inserted into the upper hole of a lower base (43); the lower surface of a quartz sand sintering plate (42) is provided with a carbon fuel thermal-couple (56); all pipes and sealing heads (46) are hermetically connected with each other. The direct carbon fuel battery reaction device of the invention solves the problem of water adding of anode chamber and the arranging of carbon fuel, realizes that the temperatures required by the running of fuel battery and the reacting of the carbon fuel are respectively controlled, avoids complex disassembly/assembly process and personnel scald, prevents the sealing invalidity and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of direct carbon fuel cell reaction device, belong to direct carbon consuming cell technical field.
Background technology
Fuel cell can be converted into electric energy with the chemical energy that is stored in the fuel, not limited by Carnot cycle, have energy conversion efficiency height, cleaning, pollution-free, noise is low, modular structure strong, the specific power advantages of higher, be subjected to countries in the world and pay attention to widely.
Wherein, and direct carbon consuming cell (Direct Carbon Fuel Cell, DCFC) different with the fuel cell of using gases or liquid fuel, directly carbon consuming cell directly acts as a fuel with solid carbon, and its unique advantage is: the battery theoretical efficiency is higher; Directly use solid carbon fuel, save the gasification link; The solid carbon fuel volume is little, calorific value is high, the storage convenient transportation; Solid carbon fuel is expected to obtain by the reserves abundant in coal is carried out simple processed simultaneously, and fuel source is more extensive.
Directly carbon consuming cell is gained the name because of its fuel type of service.In recent years, along with the development of material science and fuel cell technology, developed the direct carbon consuming cell of multiple electrolyte.Electrolyte is the core component of battery, and the conductive ion that different electrolytes can conduct may be different, and then reaction mechanism is also different, and common electrolyte is fusible hydrate, fused carbonate and solid oxide electrolyte.Present patent application is primarily aimed at the direct carbon consuming cell of solid oxide electrolyte.Nineteen sixty-five, Zahradnik combines coal gasification unit and high temperature solid oxide fuel cell, has set up the direct carbon consuming cell of solid oxide electrolyte.The Nakagawa and the Ishida of Japan in 1988 have more in depth studied this process.People such as the Chuang of U.S. Akron university adopt fixed bed reactors in the monocell experiment, hard carbon is placed on electrode surface reacts.People such as the Gur of U.S. Stanford university have also carried out the research to the direct carbon consuming cell of solid oxide electrolyte.Different with Akron university, carbon does not directly contact with galvanic anode in the research of Gur.This shows that the direct carbon consuming cell of the type mainly is made up of solid carbon fuel and Solid Oxide Fuel Cell two parts.Present patent application is primarily aimed at carbon fuel and does not directly contact situation with Solid Oxide Fuel Cell.
The direct carbon consuming cell technology of solid oxide electrolyte still is in the starting stage at present, and its reaction mechanism, operation characteristic, condition of work, material system etc. remain further to be studied.In this case, directly use button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell just to seem more meaningful in the carbon fuel cell reaction device.Button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell simultaneously is an anode, one side is a negative electrode, electrolyte is clipped between the anode and cathode, it is simple relatively that it has an experiment test, the data favorable repeatability, advantages such as the gas flow influence is little, to direct carbon consuming cell working mechanism research, the operation characteristic test, material property analysis and analog computation checking have great significance, extensively adopted [M.Gur.DirectElectrochemical Conversion of Carbon to Electrical Energy in a High Temperature FuelCell.Journal of the Electrochemical Society in direct carbon consuming cell field by domestic and international each research institution, 1992,139:95-97; Nakagawa, Ishida.Performance of an Internal Direct-Oxidation Carbon Fuel Cell and Its Evaluation byGraphic Exergy Analysis.Ind.Eng.Chem.Res., 1988,27:1181-1185; M.Ihara, S.Hasegawa.J.Electrochem.Soc., 2006,153 (8): A1544-A1546.], its testing apparatus mostly is each research institution and designs processing and fabricating voluntarily at present.
Because directly its course of reaction complexity of carbon consuming cell, service conditions harshness propose high requirement to reaction unit, mainly comprise: (1) reaction unit need satisfy current collector, gas delivery, measuring and controlling temp and seal request simultaneously.Solid oxide fuel cell components is made up of porous anode, negative electrode and the compact solid oxide electrolyte that is positioned between the two.Under the condition of high temperature (600 ℃-1000 ℃), porous anode, negative electrode possess gas transfer and the effect of conduct oxygen ions, electronics simultaneously, and solid oxide electrolyte has conduct oxygen ions, stops the effect of gas transfer.When operation of fuel cells, the cathode side bubbling air, wherein oxygen obtains electronics from external circuit and generates oxonium ion in porous cathode, and oxonium ion passes dielectric substrate and arrives anode.Anode-side H
2, the oxonium ion reaction that passes over of fuel gas such as CO and electrolyte generates H
2O, CO
2Deng product, discharge electronics simultaneously, electronics arrives negative electrode by external circuit, realizes the external circuit power supply.From course of reaction as can be seen, solid oxide fuel cell components is operated in the condition of high temperature (600 ℃-1000 ℃), and cathode and anode gas needs independent sealed, does not gang up or reveals, the electric current on cathode and anode surface need carry out afflux, and this is that Solid Oxide Fuel Cell is moved necessary condition.(2) reaction unit need satisfy solid carbon fuel reaction requirement.Directly carbon consuming cell is fuel with the solid carbon, and reaction unit need satisfy solid carbon fuel and supply with, places requirement.For the mode that carbon fuel and anode of fuel cell directly do not contact, the at first generating gasification reaction of carbon fuel, reacted fuel gas and button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell generation electrochemical reaction.Therefore, the reaction unit layout also need be considered contacting and the reaction requirement that gasifies of carbon fuel and anodic gas simultaneously.(3) reaction unit need satisfy anodic gas and adds the water requirement.H is arranged in anodic gas
2When O exists (high temperature is vaporous water down), carbon fuel can the generating gasification reaction generate H
2And CO, experimental results show that adding water in the anodic gas can significantly improve battery performance, and that conventional water-bath adds the water yield that wet method adds being limited, can not meet the demands.(4) reaction unit should possess two sections heating functions.The carbon fuel gasification is different with the optimum temperature possibility of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell reaction, so reaction unit should possess two sections heating functions.(5) reaction unit should be easy to loading and unloading.Need to change consumptive materials such as button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and seal glass ring after reaction finishes, satisfying under the seal request prerequisite this moment, and reaction unit needs easy to loading and unloading.(6) reaction unit should reduce the cathode and anode cavity as far as possible.When the cathode and anode cavity is big, relatively poor to gas component sensitiveness, can not react the cathode and anode gas component during test fast and change.(7) reaction unit should possess the water-cooled function.During battery operation, conducted heat and radiation effect, the outer part temperature of reaction unit stove is higher, scald easily or cause encapsulant to lose efficacy, though can avoid temperature too high and strengthen device length, can increase the cathode and anode cavity volume simultaneously, so the water-cooled function be very necessary.
For above reason, designing and producing of direct carbon fuel cell reaction device is very complicated, is difficult to satisfy simultaneously above demand, and directly the improvement of carbon fuel cell reaction device research and development are very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present patent application is to design a kind of novel reaction device according to direct carbon consuming cell reaction requirement.This device can realize that sealing, current collector, the supply of anode and cathode gas, measuring and controlling temp, the solid carbon fuel to direct carbon consuming cell supplied with, anode adds functions such as water and segmentation heating, detect and stay interface for outside gas circuit, battery performance test, reacting gas simultaneously, to satisfy direct carbon consuming cell reaction condition demand, by careful structural design, realize functions such as dismounting is easy, compact conformation, water-cooled cooling in addition.
A kind of direct carbon fuel cell reaction device, it comprises fixed part, water-cooled parts, cathode gas supply part, anodic gas supply part, carbon fuel arrangement parts, afflux parts, seal member, observing and controlling temperature parts and reaction cavity parts.
Fixed part mainly comprises upper bed-plate, inner sleeve, overcoat pipe box, overcoat tube core, goes up water collar, end socket, lower bottom base, lower bottom base core, is stainless steel.Upper bed-plate is one of core component of entire reaction device, longitudinally has various through holes on it, is used for fixing cathode gas inlet tube, anodic gas outlet, anode current collector pipe, fuel cell protecting tube, and the cathode gas outlet opening.On its middle part screwed hole trip bolt is installed, is used for fixing back-moving spring.Upper bed-plate and inner sleeve are by being threaded, and the threaded connection place is installed O shape rubber ring and sealed.Negative electrode cavity Guan Bingyong 704 silicone rubber seals and fixing are inserted in the inner sleeve bottom.Overcoat tube core and overcoat pipe box are by being threaded, O shape rubber ring is installed in the threaded connection place, because the wedge effect that holds out against thrust and overcoat pipe box inclined-plane of overcoat tube core compresses O shape rubber ring and anode cavity pipe, overcoat pipe box inclined-plane, realize the fixing and sealing of antianode cavity pipe.Overcoat pipe box and last water collar are by being threaded, and the threaded connection place is installed O shape rubber ring and sealed.Lower bottom base core and lower bottom base are installed O shape rubber ring by being threaded in the threaded connection place, screw the lower bottom base core, realize the fixing and sealing to carbon fuel disposed tubes.Have three through holes on the end socket, be respectively applied for fixed anode gas inlet pipe, carbon fuel protecting tube and add the water helix tube.
The water-cooled parts comprise upper bed-plate, go up water collar, lower bottom base, water collar and be welded on coolant guide pipe on each water collar down.To go up (descending) base will be coaxial and put into (descending) water collar, welded seal, and then form the water-cooled cavity, be used to feed cooling water.
The cathode gas supply part comprises the cathode gas outlet opening of cathode gas inlet tube, negative electrode cavity pipe and upper bed-plate.Cathode gas is entered by the cathode gas inlet tube, by flowing through from the annular housing between cathode gas inlet tube and the negative electrode cavity pipe behind the cathode collector platinum guaze of porous, discharges via the cathode gas outlet opening.Wherein, the cathode gas inlet tube is the corundum material, and negative electrode cavity pipe is the quartz glass material.
The anodic gas supply part comprises anodic gas inlet tube, anodic gas outlet, anode cavity pipe, carbon fuel disposed tubes and adds the water helix tube.Anodic gas is entered in the carbon fuel disposed tubes by bottom anodic gas inlet tube, and meanwhile, water enters carbon fuel disposed tubes by adding the water helix tube, because temperature is higher, the water that adds in the water helix tube becomes gaseous state.Anodic gas enters the anode cavity with the quartz sand sintered plate, the solid carbon fuel that pass porous after vaporous water mixes successively, and reacted anodic gas flows through from the annular housing between negative electrode cavity pipe and the anode cavity pipe, discharges via the anodic gas outlet.Wherein, anodic gas inlet tube and anodic gas outlet are the corundum material, and anode cavity pipe and carbon fuel disposed tubes are the quartz glass material, and adding the water helix tube is stainless steel.
Carbon fuel settles parts to comprise carbon fuel disposed tubes and quartz sand sintered plate.The quartz sand sintered plate is sintered on carbon fuel disposed tubes, and solid carbon fuel is placed on the quartz sand sintered plate, because the quartz sand sintered plate has certain air permeability, can guarantee that anodic gas passes through, and can solve the placement and the reaction problem of solid carbon fuel again.
The afflux parts mainly comprise anode current collector device and cathode collector device.The anode current collector device is made up of anode current collector platinum filament, anode current collector platinum guaze and anode current collector alundum tube.The anode current collector platinum filament passes the diplopore anode current collector alundum tube that shields, and the anode current collector platinum guaze closely contacts with anode of fuel cell, anode current collector platinum filament respectively during afflux.The cathode collector device is made up of cathode collector platinum filament, cathode collector platinum guaze and cathode gas inlet tube.The cathode collector platinum filament passes the cathode gas inlet tube that shields; the cathode collector platinum guaze closely contacts with fuel battery negative pole, cathode collector platinum filament respectively during afflux, and the cathode gas inlet tube works to carry cathode gas and protection cathode collector platinum filament here.
Seal member mainly comprises seal glass ring and four O shape rubber rings.The seal glass ring is at high temperature realized the isolated sealing between the fuel cell cathode and anode.
Observing and controlling temperature parts mainly comprise fuel cell thermocouple, fuel cell protecting tube, fuel cell tubular type heating electric furnace, carbon fuel heat galvanic couple, carbon fuel protecting tube, carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace.Thermocouple is inserted respectively among each self protected tube; the fuel cell protecting tube is fixed on the upper bed-plate; make fuel cell thermocouple temperature measurement head identical with the fuel cell height; be used for the accurate measurement to temperature of fuel cell, the electric furnace of fuel cell tubular type heating simultaneously is used to keep working temperature.Carbon fuel protecting tube is fixed on the lower bottom base, makes carbon fuel heat galvanic couple thermometric head be close to the quartz sand sintered plate, is used for the accurate measurement to carbon fuel reaction temperature, and carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace is used to keep the reaction temperature of carbon fuel simultaneously.Wherein protecting tube is the corundum material.
The reaction cavity parts mainly comprise anode cavity pipe, negative electrode cavity pipe and carbon fuel disposed tubes.Negative electrode cavity pipe the interior of the body belonging to YIN utmost point atmosphere is between anode cavity pipe and the negative electrode cavity pipe, be anode atmosphere in the carbon fuel disposed tubes.
Compare with prior art, the direct carbon fuel cell reaction device of mentioning in the present patent application has solved the anode cavity and has added water and carbon fuel placement problem by unique Component Design; By the heating of segmentation electric furnace, realized the difference temperature control of fuel cell operation and carbon fuel reaction, optimized direct carbon consuming cell performance; By the mechanical connection design of uniqueness, avoided loaded down with trivial details cargo handling process; By the rational structure layout, reduce the cathode and anode cavity volume, strengthened the sensitiveness that fuel cell changes gas component; By adding water cooling plant, realize cooling to sealing rubber ring, prevent seal failure, avoid operating personnel to scald, be convenient to shorten reaction unit simultaneously, further reduced the cathode and anode cavity volume.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is direct carbon fuel cell reaction device overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the upper bed-plate structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the water collar structural representation.
Fig. 4 is the inner sleeve structural representation.
Fig. 5 is an outer tube cored structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is an outer tube nested structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is for compressing the potsherd structural representation.
Fig. 8 is the end enclosure structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is a lower bottom base cored structure schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is following water collar structural representation.
Figure 11 is the lower bottom base structural representation.
Figure 12 is for adding water spiral tube structure schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is upper bed-plate, last water collar and each pipe fitting assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 14 is upper bed-plate, last water collar and back-moving spring assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 15 is upper bed-plate, last water collar and inner sleeve assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 16 is overcoat pipe box, overcoat tube core and anode cavity pipe assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 17 is a reaction unit top integral installation distribution structure schematic diagram.
Figure 18 is the cathode collector structural representation.
Figure 19 is the anode current collector structural representation.
Figure 20 is button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 21 is lower bottom base, following water collar, anode cavity pipe assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 22 is lower bottom base, anode cavity pipe and lower bottom base core assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 23 is a solid carbon fuel arrangement schematic diagram.
Figure 24 is an end socket assembly structure schematic diagram.
Figure 25 is direct carbon thing fuel battery reaction device full-size schematic diagram.
Figure 26 moves schematic diagram for embodiment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is direct carbon fuel cell reaction device overall structure schematic diagram.Mainly comprise: upper bed-plate 1, last water collar 2, inner sleeve 3; overcoat pipe box 4, overcoat tube core 5, anode cavity pipe 6; negative electrode cavity pipe 7, fuel cell tubular type heating electric furnace 8, cathode collector platinum filament 9; cathode collector platinum guaze 10, seal glass ring 11, anode current collector platinum guaze 12; compress potsherd 13, tension NI-G silk 14, anode current collector platinum filament 15; button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 16, fuel cell thermocouple 17, O shape rubber ring I 18; back-moving spring 19, O shape rubber ring II 20, trip bolt 21; O shape rubber ring III 22, cathode gas inlet tube 23, anodic gas outlet 24; anode current collector alundum tube 25, fuel cell protecting tube 27, solid carbon fuel 39; carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace 40, carbon fuel protecting tube 41, carbon fuel disposed tubes 42; lower bottom base 43, following water collar 44, lower bottom base core 45; end socket 46, anodic gas inlet tube 47, following coolant guide pipe 48; O shape rubber ring IV 49; add water helix tube 50, quartz sand sintered plate 51, carbon fuel heat galvanic couple 56 parts such as grade.Be broadly divided into fixed part (1 according to its function, 2,3,4,5,13,14,19,21,43,45,46), water-cooled parts (1,2,43,44,48), cathode gas supply part (23,26), anodic gas supply part (24,47,50), carbon fuel is settled parts (42,51), afflux parts (9,10,12,15,25), seal member (11,18,20,22,49), observing and controlling temperature parts (8,17,27,40,41,56) and reaction cavity parts (6,7,42).
Fig. 2 is upper bed-plate 1 structural representation.Upper bed-plate 1 has cathode gas outlet opening 28, thermocouple protection pore 30, anode current collector corundum pore 31, anodic gas outlet pore 32, cathode gas inlet pore 33, fastening screw pit 34.
Fig. 3 is last water collar 2 structural representations, welds coolant guide pipe 35 on the last water collar 2.
Fig. 4 is inner sleeve 3 structural representations.Inner sleeve 3 outer surface of upper are carried out annular knurl and are handled, and are convenient to the operation that screws when being threaded with upper bed-plate 1.
Fig. 5 is overcoat tube core 5 structural representations.Overcoat tube core 5 has and screws hole 36, is used for using when overcoat tube core 5 screws with overcoat pipe box 4 screw threads.
Fig. 6 is overcoat pipe box 4 structural representations.Overcoat pipe box 4 outer surface of upper are carried out annular knurl and are handled, and are convenient to the operation that screws when being threaded with last water collar 2.
Fig. 7 is for compressing potsherd 13 structural representations.Have air vent hole 37 on it, tension hole 38 (three).When air vent hole 37 is used for fuel cell operation, the mobile mass transfer on anodic gas anode surface.Tension NI-G silk 14 passes tension hole 38 and catches on and compresses potsherd 13, can realize, afflux 16 fixing to button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and sealing by spring tension.
Fig. 8 is end socket 46 structural representations.Have carbon fuel protecting tube hole 52 on the end socket 46, add water spiral pore 53, anodic gas inlet pore 54.
Fig. 9 is lower bottom base core 45 structural representations.Lower bottom base core 45 lower external face are carried out annular knurl and are handled, and are convenient to the operation that screws when being threaded with lower bottom base 43.
Figure 10 is following water collar 44 structural representations.Coolant guide pipe 48 under the welding on the following water collar 44.Following water collar 44 outer surfaces carry out annular knurl to be handled, and is convenient to the operation that screws when being threaded with lower bottom base core 45.
Figure 11 is lower bottom base 43 structural representations.
Figure 12 is for adding water helix tube 50 structural representations.Add water helix tube 50 high temperature section coiled coil in carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace 40, be used to increase the current journey, strengthen the gasification of water.
Figure 13 is upper bed-plate 1, last water collar 2 and each pipe fitting assembly structure schematic diagram.As shown in figure 13, put into water collar 2 and to the junction welded seal with upper bed-plate 1 is coaxial, and then form the water-cooled cavity, cooling water is fed and is derived by last coolant guide pipe 35.Cathode gas inlet tube 23 is inserted in the cathode gas ingate 28 of upper bed-plate 1; anode current collector alundum tube 25 is inserted in the anode current collector corundum pore 31 of upper bed-plate 1; anodic gas outlet 24 is inserted in the anodic gas outlet pore 32 of upper bed-plate 1; fuel cell thermocouple 17 is inserted in the fuel cell protecting tube 27, and fuel cell protecting tube 27 is inserted in the fuel cell thermocouple protection pore 30 of upper bed-plate 1.Each pipe fitting is reserved certain-length on upper bed-plate 1 top, as outside gas circuit, testing apparatus and observing and controlling temperature device interface, with 704 silicon rubber all pipe fittings and upper bed-plate 1 junction is sealed simultaneously.These sealings are in does not need dismounting when not having parts damages, therefore do not influence the simplicity of normal use.Can realize the sealing of anode cavity and atmosphere outside herein by 704 silicon rubber, prevent that anodic gas from revealing.
Figure 14 is upper bed-plate 1, last water collar 2 and back-moving spring 19 assembly structure schematic diagrames.Trip bolt 21 is passed back-moving spring 19 1 ends and it is tightened in the fastening screw pit 34 of upper bed-plate 1.Back-moving spring 19 other ends are connected with tension NI-G silk 14, are used for tension and compress potsherd 13.At upper bed-plate 1 circumferencial direction three cover take-up devices are installed evenly.
Figure 15 is upper bed-plate 1, last water collar 2 and inner sleeve 3 assembly structure schematic diagrames.Inner sleeve 3 is tightened on by being threaded on the upper bed-plate 1, and the junction is by O shape rubber ring II 20 sealings.Insert in the negative electrode cavity pipe 7 inner sleeve 3 bottoms, and with 704 silicone rubber seal junctions, this junction need not dismantled when having parts damages, so does not influence the simplicity of normal use.Can realize the sealing between negative electrode cavity and anode cavity herein by 704 silicon rubber and O shape rubber ring II 20, prevent the intercommunication of cathode and anode gas, ensure the service conditions that fuel cell is essential.
Figure 16 is overcoat pipe box 4, overcoat tube core 5 and anode cavity pipe 6 assembly structure schematic diagrames.O shape rubber ring I 18 is stuck in anode cavity pipe 6 correct position places, and anode cavity pipe 6 is passed overcoat pipe box 4, overcoat tube core 5 is tightened in the overcoat pipe box 4 by being threaded by screwing hole 36.Realize the fixing and sealing of antianode cavity pipe 6 because the thrust of 5 pairs of O shapes of overcoat tube core rubber ring I 18 and the wedge effect on overcoat pipe box 4 inclined-planes make O shape rubber ring I 18 and anode cavity pipe 6, overcoat pipe box 4 inclined-planes combine closely this moment.Can realize the sealing of anode cavity and atmosphere outside herein by O shape rubber ring I 18, prevent that anodic gas from revealing.
Figure 17 is a reaction unit top integral installation distribution structure schematic diagram.On Figure 15 and assembly structure shown in Figure 16 basis, overcoat pipe box 4 is tightened on by being threaded on the water collar 2, the junction seals with O shape rubber ring III 22.Can realize the sealing of anode cavity and atmosphere outside herein by O shape rubber ring III 22, prevent that anodic gas from revealing.
Figure 18 is the cathode collector structural representation.The cathode collector structure mainly comprises cathode collector platinum filament 9, cathode collector platinum guaze 10 and cathode gas inlet tube 23.Cathode collector platinum filament 9 two are passed cathode collector platinum guaze 10 and cathode gas inlet tube 23 respectively.Cathode collector platinum guaze 10 is used for collected current from button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 16 negative electrodes, and two of cathode collector platinum filament 9 is used separately as reference electrode and test electrode, derived current.Here cathode gas inlet tube 23 also plays a part protection cathode collector platinum filament 9.
Figure 19 is the anode current collector structural representation.The anode current collector structure mainly comprises anode current collector platinum guaze 12, anode current collector platinum filament 15 and anode current collector alundum tube 25.The anode current collector alundum tube 25 of diplopore is passed at anode current collector platinum filament 15 two, closely contact with anode current collector platinum guaze 12.Anode current collector platinum filament 15 is become snakelike in bottom plate, increase contact area with anode current collector platinum guaze 12.Anode current collector platinum guaze 12 is used for collected current from button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 16 anodes, and anode current collector platinum filament 15 two are used separately as reference electrode and test electrode, derived current.Here anode current collector alundum tube 25 plays protection anode current collector platinum filament 15.
Figure 20 is button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 16 assembly structure schematic diagrames.Cathode collector platinum guaze 10 contacts with cathode gas inlet tube 23 ports.Seal glass ring 11 contacts with negative electrode cavity pipe 7, seal glass ring 11 is placed button solid-oxide fuel battery 16 downwards successively, anode current collector platinum guaze 12, anode current collector platinum filament 15, compress potsherd 13, and three tension NI-G silks 14 are passed tension hole 38 and catch on compress potsherd 13, make above each parts fit tightly by spring tension, reduce the afflux contact resistance.When reaction unit operates in high temperature, seal glass ring 11 is softening, make button solid-oxide fuel battery 16 closely contact with cathode collector platinum guaze 10, realize cathode collector, Ruan Hua seal glass ring 11 is realized the sealing between negative electrode cavity and anode cavity herein simultaneously, prevent the intercommunication of cathode and anode gas, ensured the battery operation condition.It is elevated-temperature seal unique in the reaction unit herein.Temperature thermocouple 17 points for measuring temperature should keep sustained height with button solid-oxide fuel battery 16.
Figure 21 is lower bottom base 43, following water collar 44, anode cavity pipe 6 assembly structure schematic diagrames.As shown in the figure, insert in lower bottom base 43 upper holes, with 704 silicone rubber seal junctions anode cavity pipe 6 bottoms.This junction need not dismantled when having parts damages, does not therefore influence normal simplicity of operation.Can realize the sealing of anode cavity and atmospheric environment herein by 704 silicon rubber, prevent that anodic gas from revealing.Put into down in the cold water jacket 44 and with the junction welded seal, form the water-cooled cavity lower bottom base 43 is coaxial, cooling water is fed and is derived by coolant guide pipe 48 down.
Figure 22 is lower bottom base 43, carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 and lower bottom base core 45 assembly structure schematic diagrames.O shape rubber ring IV 49 is stuck in carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 correct position places, and carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 is passed lower bottom base 43 and lower bottom base core 45, screw lower bottom base core 45.This moment is by the thrust of 45 pairs of O shapes of lower bottom base core rubber ring IV 49 and the wedge effect on lower bottom base core 45 inclined-planes, make O shape rubber ring IV 49 and carbon fuel disposed tubes 42, lower bottom base core 45 inclined-planes combine closely, realize fixing and sealing carbon fuel disposed tubes 42.Can realize the sealing of anode cavity and atmosphere outside herein by O shape rubber ring IV 49, prevent that anodic gas from revealing.
Figure 23 is solid carbon fuel 39 arrangement schematic diagrames.Quartz sand sintered plate 42 sintering are on the carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 of quartzy material, and distance exports about 5cm.Solid carbon fuel 39 is positioned on the quartz sand sintered plate 42.Arrange below the quartz sand sintered plate 42 that carbon fuel heat galvanic couple 56 is used to measure solid carbon fuel 39 reaction temperatures.
Figure 24 is end socket 46 assembly structure schematic diagrames.Carbon fuel heat galvanic couple 56 is inserted in the carbon fuel protecting tube 41; and in the carbon fuel protecting tube hole 52 with carbon fuel protecting tube 41 insertion end sockets 46; anodic gas inlet tube 47 is inserted in the end socket 46 anodic gas inlet pore 54, will add 50 insertions of water helix tube and add in the water spiral pore 53.Each pipe fitting is reserved certain-length outside end socket, as outside gas circuit, temperature measuring equipment, water supply installation interface, use the junction of all pipe fittings of 704 silicone rubber seals and end socket 46 simultaneously.End socket top is inserted in carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 bottoms, and with 704 silicone rubber seal junctions.These 704 silicone rubber seal junctions need not dismantled when having parts damages, therefore do not influence normal simplicity of operation.Can realize the sealing of anode cavity and atmosphere outside herein, prevent the anodic gas leakage.
Figure 25 is direct carbon fuel cell reaction device full-size schematic diagram.Provided reaction unit structure according to the proportional drafting of actual size.
Figure 26 moves schematic diagram for embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of direct carbon fuel cell reaction device, its running as shown in figure 26.
When this reaction unit normally moves, the operating temperature range of fuel cell tubular type heating electric furnace 8 and carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace 40 is 600 ℃-1000 ℃, at this moment by seal glass ring 11, O shape rubber ring I 18, O shape rubber ring II 20, O shape rubber ring III 22, O shape rubber ring IV 49 and the sealing that realizes the entire reaction device at 704 silicon rubber of not dismantling interface.For preventing O shape rubber ring high temperature failure, avoid operating personnel's high temperature to scald that cooling water is fed coolant guide pipe 35 and following coolant guide pipe 48 respectively, and cooling water flows through waterway, realizes the cooling to upper and lower metal parts.Cathode gas is (as air, O
2) by entering reaction unit by cathode gas inlet tube 23, arrive cathode collector platinum guaze 10 places, the part cathode gas is in button solid-oxide fuel battery 16 negative electrode generation electrochemical reactions, the cathode gas of reaction back and participation reaction passes the cathode collector platinum guaze 10 of porous, upwards flow via the annular housing between negative electrode cavity pipe 7 and the cathode gas inlet tube 23, finally discharge by cathode gas outlet opening 28.Anodic gas CO
2By entered the carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 in the reaction unit by anodic gas inlet tube 47, meanwhile, water enters carbon fuel disposed tubes 42 by adding water helix tube 50, because temperature is higher in the carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace 40, the water that adds in the water helix tube becomes gaseous state.Anodic gas CO
2Quartz sand sintered plate 51 with passing porous after vaporous water mixes reacts with solid carbon fuel 39, generates H
2And CO.This moment, anodic gas became H
2, CO and CO
2Mixture, this anode mixture gas stream is crossed in anode cavity pipe 6 and to be continued upwards to flow, the anode current collector platinum guaze 12 of segment anode mist by porous arrives button solid-oxide fuel batteries 16 anodes and participates in reaction, generates CO
2And H
2O also produces electric current, and the anodic gas of reaction back and participation reaction upwards flows via the annular housing between anode cavity pipe 6 and the negative electrode cavity pipe 7, finally by 24 discharges of anodic gas outlet.Two anode current collector platinum filaments 15 that two cathode collector platinum filaments 9, the anode current collector alundum tube 25 of being drawn by cathode gas inlet tube 23 drawn can be formed four electrode method, are used for the test of fuel cell chemical property.
When needs add solid carbon fuel 39, the lower bottom base core 45 of outwarding winding, each fixing on carbon fuel stationary pipes 42, lower bottom base core 45, O shape rubber ring IV 49, end socket 46 and the end socket 46 parts are taken out from bottom of device, can add solid carbon fuel 39, then it is inserted bottom of device again, screw lower bottom base core 45 and get final product.Battery performance enters the anode cavity owing to have little air in the unloading process, so could recover after anodic gas purged a period of time.
Work as end of run, when changing button solid-oxide fuel battery 16, at first, solid carbon fuel 39 steps are identical with adding, and unload each parts that carbon fuel stationary pipes 42, lower bottom base core 45, O shape rubber ring IV 49, end socket 46 and end socket 46 are fixed from reaction unit; Secondly, overcoat pipe box 4 is outwarded winding from last water collar 2, overcoat pipe box 4, overcoat tube core 5, anode cavity pipe 6 and lower bottom base 43 are taken off as an integral body, expose button solid-oxide fuel battery 16.Unload tension NI-G silk 14 this moment, take off and compress potsherd 13, promptly replaceable consumptive material seal glass ring 11 and button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 16 get final product according to the inverted sequence assembling then.
From the direct carbon fuel cell reaction device course of work as can be seen, sealing, electric current collection, the supply of anode and cathode gas, measuring and controlling temp, solid carbon fuel supply, anode that this device can satisfy direct carbon consuming cell fully add reaction requirement such as function such as water and segmentation heating, stay interface for outside gas circuit, outside temperature measuring equipment, battery performance test, reacting gas detect simultaneously, satisfy the test job demand.From the refuelling battery with add the fuel step as can be seen, except that consumptive material elevated-temperature seal glass ring 11, all the other hermetically-sealed constructions all do not need change, only need simple screw thread charge and discharge operations to get final product, compare assembling process with prior art and simplify greatly, under reasonable operating position, can guarantee to repeat 50 secondary responses and need not change non-consumptive material parts; Entire reaction device compact layout and structure, the cathode and anode cavity is little, to gas component reacting condition sensitivity; Water cooling plant has prevented that encapsulant ageing failure and personnel from scalding, and the metal part surface temperature is lower than 40 degree in the actual moving process.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of direct carbon fuel cell reaction device, it is characterized in that, this reaction unit comprises upper bed-plate (1), last water collar (2), inner sleeve (3), overcoat pipe box (4), overcoat tube core (5), anode cavity pipe (6), negative electrode cavity pipe (7), fuel cell tubular type heating electric furnace (8), cathode collector platinum filament (9), cathode collector platinum guaze (10), seal glass ring (11), anode current collector platinum guaze (12), compress potsherd (13), tension NI-G silk (14), anode current collector platinum filament (15), button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (16), fuel cell thermocouple (17), O shape rubber ring I (18), back-moving spring (19), O shape rubber ring II (20), trip bolt (21), O shape rubber ring III (22), cathode gas inlet tube (23), anodic gas outlet (24), anode current collector alundum tube (25), fuel cell protecting tube (27), solid carbon fuel (39), carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace (40), carbon fuel protecting tube (41), carbon fuel disposed tubes (42), lower bottom base (43), following water collar (44), lower bottom base core (45), end socket (46), anodic gas inlet tube (47), following coolant guide pipe (48), O shape rubber ring IV (49), add water helix tube (50), quartz sand sintered plate (51), carbon fuel heat galvanic couple (56);
Upper bed-plate (1) has cathode gas outlet opening (28), thermocouple protection pore (30), anode current collector corundum pore (31), anodic gas outlet pore (32), cathode gas inlet pore (33), fastening screw pit (34); Last water collar (2) is gone up and is connected coolant guide pipe (35); Inner sleeve (3) is threaded with upper bed-plate (1); Overcoat pipe box (4) is threaded with last water collar (2); Overcoat tube core (5) has and screws hole (36); Compress and have air vent hole (37) on the potsherd (13), tension hole (38); Tension NI-G silk (14) passes tension hole (38) and catches on and compresses potsherd (13); Have carbon fuel protecting tube hole (52) on the end socket (46), add water spiral pore (53), anodic gas inlet pore (54); Following water collar (44) is gone up welding coolant guide pipe (48) down; Following water collar (44) is threaded with lower bottom base core (45); Lower bottom base core (45) is threaded with lower bottom base (43); Add water helix tube (50) in carbon fuel tubular type heating electric furnace (40);
Upper bed-plate (1) is coaxial to be put into water collar (2) and the junction welded seal is formed the water-cooled cavity, and cooling water is fed and derived by last coolant guide pipe (35); Cathode gas inlet tube (23) inserts in the cathode gas ingate (33) of upper bed-plate (1), anode current collector alundum tube (25) inserts in the anode current collector corundum pore (31) of upper bed-plate (1), anodic gas outlet (24) inserts in the anodic gas outlet pore (32) of upper bed-plate (1), fuel cell thermocouple (17) inserts in the fuel cell protecting tube (27), and fuel cell protecting tube (27) inserts in the fuel cell thermocouple protection pore (30) of upper bed-plate (1); All pipe fittings are connected sealing with upper bed-plate (1); Trip bolt (21) passes back-moving spring (19) one ends and it is tightened in the fastening screw pit (34) of upper bed-plate (1); Back-moving spring (19) other end is connected with tension NI-G silk (14), is used for tension and compresses potsherd (13); Inner sleeve (3) is threaded with base (1), and the junction seals with O shape rubber ring II (20); Inner sleeve (3) bottom is inserted in the negative electrode cavity pipe (7) and is connected sealing; O shape rubber ring I (18) is stuck in the anode cavity pipe (6), and anode cavity pipe (6) passes overcoat pipe box (4), by screwing hole (36) overcoat tube core (5) is threadedly connected in the overcoat pipe box (4); Overcoat pipe box (4) is by being threaded on the water collar (2), and the junction seals with O shape rubber ring III (22);
Cathode collector platinum filament (9) two is passed cathode collector platinum guaze (10) and cathode gas inlet tube (23) respectively; Cathode collector platinum guaze (10) is used for collected current from button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (16) negative electrode, and two of cathode collector platinum filament (9) is used separately as reference electrode and test electrode, derived current; The anode current collector alundum tube (25) of diplopore is passed at anode current collector platinum filament (15) two, closely contacts with anode current collector platinum guaze (12); Anode current collector platinum guaze (12) is used for collected current from button-shaped Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (16) anode, and anode current collector platinum filament (15) two is used separately as reference electrode and test electrode, derived current; Cathode collector platinum guaze (10) contacts with cathode gas inlet tube (23) port; Seal glass ring (11) contacts with negative electrode cavity pipe (7), seal glass ring (11) is placed button solid-oxide fuel battery (16), anode current collector platinum guaze (12), anode current collector platinum filament (15) downwards successively, is compressed potsherd (13), and tension NI-G silk (14) passes tension hole (38) and catches on and compresses potsherd (13); Temperature thermocouple (17) point for measuring temperature and button solid-oxide fuel battery (16) keep sustained height;
Anode cavity pipe (6) bottom is inserted in lower bottom base (43) upper hole and is connected sealing; Coaxial the putting into down in the cold water jacket (44) and with the junction welded seal of lower bottom base (43) forms the water-cooled cavity, and cooling water is by coolant guide pipe (48) feeding and derivation down; O shape rubber ring IV (49) is stuck in the carbon fuel disposed tubes (42), and carbon fuel disposed tubes (42) is passed lower bottom base (43) and lower bottom base core (45), screws lower bottom base core (45); Quartz sand sintered plate (42) sintering is on the carbon fuel disposed tubes (42) of quartzy material; Solid carbon fuel (39) is positioned on the quartz sand sintered plate (42); Arrange carbon fuel heat galvanic couple (56) below the quartz sand sintered plate (42); Carbon fuel heat galvanic couple (56) inserts in the carbon fuel protecting tube (41), carbon fuel protecting tube (41) inserts in the carbon fuel protecting tube hole (52) of end socket (46), anodic gas inlet tube (47) inserts in end socket (46) the anodic gas inlet pore (54), adds water helix tube (50) insertion and adds in the water spiral pore (53); All pipe fittings are connected sealing with end socket (46); Carbon fuel disposed tubes (42) bottom is inserted end socket top and connected sealing.
2, a kind of button solid-oxide fuel battery reaction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described compressing has three tension holes ((38)) on the potsherd (13), at upper bed-plate (1) three cover take-up devices are installed.
3, a kind of button solid-oxide fuel battery reaction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described connection is sealed into 704 silicone rubber seals.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200810119204A CN100595959C (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Direct carbon fuel cell reaction device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200810119204A CN100595959C (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2008-08-29 | Direct carbon fuel cell reaction device |
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| CN101345315A true CN101345315A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
| CN100595959C CN100595959C (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102290589A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-12-21 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Cathode-supported direct carbon fuel cell |
| CN104600472A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-06 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Power and gas supply connector |
| CN104659389A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 扬州雷鸥电业有限公司 | Direct solid carbon fuel cell stack |
| CN112310433A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-02 | 航天氢能(上海)科技有限公司 | Sealing structure of fuel cell and assembly method of fuel cell stack |
| CN112909311A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell using carbon and water as fuel |
| CN112968198A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-15 | 福州大学 | High-temperature solid oxide electrochemical reaction device |
| WO2021196812A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-07 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell and power generation device comprising same |
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2008
- 2008-08-29 CN CN200810119204A patent/CN100595959C/en active Active
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102290589A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-12-21 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Cathode-supported direct carbon fuel cell |
| CN102290589B (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2013-10-30 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Cathode-supported direct carbon fuel cell |
| CN104600472A (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-06 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Power and gas supply connector |
| CN104659389A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-27 | 扬州雷鸥电业有限公司 | Direct solid carbon fuel cell stack |
| CN104659389B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2017-10-27 | 扬州雷鸥电业有限公司 | Direct solid carbon fuel battery pile |
| WO2021196812A1 (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-07 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cell and power generation device comprising same |
| CN112310433A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-02-02 | 航天氢能(上海)科技有限公司 | Sealing structure of fuel cell and assembly method of fuel cell stack |
| CN112310433B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-12-23 | 航天氢能(上海)科技有限公司 | Sealing structure of fuel cell and assembly method of fuel cell stack |
| CN112909311A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 华南理工大学 | Medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell using carbon and water as fuel |
| CN112909311B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-06-21 | 华南理工大学 | Medium-temperature solid oxide fuel cell using carbon and water as fuel |
| CN112968198A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-15 | 福州大学 | High-temperature solid oxide electrochemical reaction device |
| CN112968198B (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 福州大学 | High-temperature solid oxide electrochemical reaction device |
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