CN101340168A - Motor control apparatus and method thereof - Google Patents

Motor control apparatus and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101340168A
CN101340168A CNA2007101278298A CN200710127829A CN101340168A CN 101340168 A CN101340168 A CN 101340168A CN A2007101278298 A CNA2007101278298 A CN A2007101278298A CN 200710127829 A CN200710127829 A CN 200710127829A CN 101340168 A CN101340168 A CN 101340168A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
motor
sensing component
switching
signal
phase signal
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Pending
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CNA2007101278298A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏佳宾
林建升
陈彦宏
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Delta Electronics Inc
Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Delta Optoelectronics Inc
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Priority to CN201210359974.XA priority Critical patent/CN102832863B/en
Priority to CNA2007101278298A priority patent/CN101340168A/en
Publication of CN101340168A publication Critical patent/CN101340168A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention relates to a motor control device and a method, the control device mainly comprises a first sensing component, a second sensing component and a signal switching circuit, wherein, the signal switching circuit is electrically connected with the first sensing component and the second sensing component respectively, when a motor is started to operate, the signal switching circuit is switched to the first sensing component for outputting a first switching phase signal to drive the motor to operate, when the set switching condition is realized after the operation of the motor, the signal switching circuit is switched to the second sensing component for outputting a second switching phase signal to drive the motor to operate.

Description

Controller for motor and method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of controller for motor and method, particularly relate to a kind of at motor running different phase and different control device and the method for switching phase signal to take into account motor starting ability and running efficiency is provided.
Background technology
A kind of known controller for motor 1 as shown in Figure 1, this controller for motor 1 comprises that a motor drive circuit 11, a hall sensor (Hall sensor) 12, one coil commutation circuit 13 and a pulse-width modulation produce circuit 14.Hall sensor 12 is in order to detect the switching phase signal that is produced when motor 2 turns round; And motor drive circuit 11 is electrically connected on hall sensor 12, after receiving the switching phase signal that detects from hall sensor 12, can produce a motor rotary speed control signal, after motor rotary speed control signal that motor drive circuit 11 is produced inputs to coil commutation circuit 13, coil commutation circuit 13 can input to the motor rotary speed control signal in the coil groups 211 of motor 2 in regular turn, make coil groups 211 switch current direction between two adjacent phase places, make motor 1 reach the purpose of continuous running; In addition, pulse-width modulation produces the rotating speed of circuit 14 in order to control motor 2.
Shown in Fig. 2 (a), known motor 2 is made of a stator 21 and a rotor 22, and the control method of motor 2 detects the switching phase signal of motor 2 mostly with single hall sensor 12, and offer above-mentioned motor drive circuit 11 with CD-ROM drive motor 2 runnings, wherein hall sensor 12 is arranged on the stator 21 of motor 2, the N utmost point or the S utmost point that are used for sensing rotor 22 pass through, and output signal makes stator 21 change the polarity of silicon steel sheet 212 and 213 corresponding to rotor 22 with the sense of current of the coil groups 211 of conversion stator 21.When hall sensor 12 detects the N utmost point, export a high level signal, and to make the reversal of the silicon steel sheet 212 at hall sensor 12 places be the N utmost point, extremely make rotor 22 be able to continuous running by N to the repulsive force of silicon steel sheet 212; When hall sensor 12 detects the S utmost point, export a low level signal, the reversal that makes silicon steel sheet 212 is the S utmost point, its running principle is same as above.Yet, when near the sensing range that rests on hall sensor 12 N-S of rotor 22 utmost point intersection, being called motor 2 and being absorbed in the dead angle, the N-S intersection of its rotor 22 is decided with the magnet polarity of rotor 22.Therefore, be the dead angle of avoiding motor 2 to start in the running, the practice in the past can be arranged at hall sensor 12 on the circuit board 10 and the wherein centre position of two silicon steel sheets 212,213 of the stator 21 of corresponding motor 2, shown in Fig. 2 (a), though this kind mode can offer the switching phase signal that 11 1 groups of motor drive circuits do not have the running dead angle, the efficient of motor 2 is uncontrollable to be optimum state; Shown in Fig. 2 (b), in order to solve the not good problem of said motor 2 efficient, therefore, it is to allow the position of motor 2 efficient the bests to find out after tested on the circuit board 10 between wherein two silicon steel sheets 212,213 of corresponding stator 21 that a kind of practice is arranged again, and hall sensor 12 is arranged at above-mentioned position, though this kind mode can improve the running efficiency of motor 2, may have the shortcoming at running dead angle.
In view of this, how to provide a kind of motor running efficient and controller for motor that also can normally start and method, one of current just important topic of improving.
Summary of the invention
Because above-mentioned problem, purpose of the present invention is between two silicon steel sheets of the stator of motor two groups of hall sensors to be set, the phase signal (not having the running dead angle) that provides one group of hall sensor to export earlier with the initial stage in the motor starting running turns round with CD-ROM drive motor, when waiting for motor running and realizing the switching condition of setting, promptly switch the leading phase signal (high efficiency) of another group hall sensor output, to realize not having running dead angle and the good motor of efficient.
For achieving the above object, so, controller for motor of the present invention comprises: one first sensing component, one second sensing component, a signal switching circuit, a motor drive circuit and a coil commutation circuit, the switching phase signal that produces when wherein first sensing component is in order to the detection motor running, and obtain the first corresponding switching phase signal output; And the switching phase signal that second sensing component also produces when detecting motor running, and obtain corresponding second and switch phase signal output; And signal switching circuit then is electrically connected on first sensing component and second sensing component respectively, and when turning round, motor starting switches to the output of first sensing component, wherein when behind the motor running and realize one set switching condition the time, promptly switch to the output of second sensing component.
Above-mentioned motor drive circuit is electrically connected on signal switching circuit, switch the phase signal or the second switching phase signal and produce a motor rotary speed control signal in order to be received from first of signal switching circuit output, and turn round according to motor rotary speed control signal starter; The coil commutation circuit then is electrically connected on motor drive circuit, in order to the motor rotary speed control signal of reception motor drive circuit output, and carries out the phase place switching of motor according to the motor rotary speed control signal.
Above-mentioned pulse modulation produces circuit and is electrically connected on motor drive circuit, switches phase signal in order to the modulation first switching phase signal and second that motor drive circuit received, and then changes the rotating speed of motor.
The first above-mentioned sensing component and second sensing component are hall sensor.
It all is the square-wave signal of a plurality of continuitys and regular distribution that the above-mentioned first switching phase signal and second switches phase signal, and second phase place leading first of switching phase signal is switched the phase place of phase signal.
Above-mentioned switching condition is once time, rotating speed, revolution, the curtage set.
Above-mentioned signal switching circuit comprises that one measures an assembly and a diverter switch that is connected with the measurement electrical component, wherein measure assembly and have a default value, and after the motor starting running, promptly measure, and after arriving default value, an actual value that is produced promptly exports a switching signal when measuring; And diverter switch will switch to the output of second sensing component from the output of first sensing component after receiving switching signal.Wherein measure assembly and can be a counter, and default value is one to set rotating speed or revolution, and actual value is a rotating speed or a revolution of measuring.
Above-mentioned measurement assembly also can be a timer, and default value is a setting-up time, and actual value is a timing time.
Above-mentioned measurement assembly can be a current detection circuit or a voltage detecting circuit again, and default value is one to set current value or magnitude of voltage, and actual value is a current value or a magnitude of voltage of measuring.
The present invention also discloses a kind of motor control method, mainly obtains first from first sensing component when motor starting turns round and switches phase signal, turns round with CD-ROM drive motor; And behind motor running and during the switching condition of realize setting, promptly switch to the output of second sensing component from the output of first sensing component by signal switching circuit, and obtain second and switch phase signal, turn round with CD-ROM drive motor.
In the said method first switches phase signal and the second switching phase signal only has only one group of phase signal can export and the CD-ROM drive motor running simultaneously.
In the said method the first switching phase signal and the second switching phase signal detect motor running via first sensing component and second sensing component respectively and obtain, and second phase place leading first of switching phase signal is switched the phase place of phase signal.
Switching condition in the said method is time, rotating speed, revolution, a curtage of setting.
The measurement assembly of the signal switching circuit in the said method is promptly measured after the motor starting running, and promptly switches to the output of second sensing component from the output of first sensing component after measuring an actual value that is produced to arrive a default value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of known controller for motor.
Fig. 2 (a)-(b) is the position view of known hall sensor with respect to motor stator.
The circuit block diagram that Fig. 3 is connected with motor for controller for motor preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of controller for motor preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the position view of first and second sensing component of preferred embodiment of the present invention with respect to motor stator.
Fig. 6 switches the waveform schematic diagram that phase signal and second switches phase signal for producing first in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (a)-(b) is the current waveform schematic diagram of controller for motor preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the motor control method of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numeral explanation
1 controller for motor, 10 circuit boards
11 motor drive circuits, 12 hall sensors
14 pulse-width modulations of 13 coil commutation circuits produce circuit
2 motors, 21 stators
211 coil groups, 212 silicon steel sheets
213 silicon steel sheets, 22 rotors
3 controller for motor, 30 circuit boards
31 first sensing components 311 switch phase signal
32 second sensing components 321 switch phase signal
33 signal switching circuits 331 are measured assembly
332 diverter switches, 34 motor drive circuits
36 pulse-width modulations of 35 coil commutation circuits produce circuit
4 motors, 41 stators
411 coil groups, 412 silicon steel sheets
413 silicon steel sheets, 42 rotors
S01a, S01a-S04 step
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4, it is the circuit block diagram and the circuit diagram of the controller for motor 3 of preferred embodiment of the present invention, and this controller for motor 3 comprises that mainly one first sensing component 31, one second sensing component 32, a signal switching circuit 33, a motor drive circuit 34, a coil commutation circuit 35 and a pulse-width modulation produce circuit 36.Wherein controller for motor 3 connects the coil groups 411 of a motor 4, and motor 4 is made of a stator 41 and a rotor 42, and provide rotor 42 rotations required power by this stator 42, and above-mentioned motor drive circuit 34, coil commutation circuit 35 and pulse-width modulation produce circuit 36 and known technology there is no different, so repeat no more.
In controller for motor 3 of the present invention, first sensing component 31 and second sensing component 32 are the magnetic field sensing component, and this magnetic field sensing component can be shunt (shunt), current transformer (currenttransformer), hall sensor (Hall sensor) or magneto-resistor (magnetic resistor) etc.; And first sensing component 31 and second sensing component 32 are example with the hall sensor in the present embodiment.When wherein first sensing component 31 is used for detecting motor 4 runnings, the first switching phase signal 311 that the coil groups 411 of its motor 4 produces, and second sensing component 32 is when being used for detecting motor 4 running equally, the coil groups 411 of its motor 4 produces second and switches phase signal 321, and wherein first and second switching phase signal 311 and 321 is all formed by the square-wave signal of a plurality of continuitys and regular distribution.
Please refer to shown in Figure 5ly, it is the position view of motor 4 of the present invention and two hall sensors (being first and second sensing component 31 and 32).Motor 4 of the present invention is made of a stator 41 and a rotor 42, and rotor 51 has a plurality of magnetic poles (being four in the present embodiment), and wherein the N utmost point and the S utmost point are staggered.In addition, present embodiment is provided with first sensing component 31 and second sensing component 32 on a circuit board 30, and in order to make first sensing component 31 can not detect the N utmost point of rotor 42 and the intersection of the S utmost point, therefore, be arranged on the circuit board 30 first sensing component 31 and corresponding silicon steel sheet 412,413 centres that are positioned at wherein two opposed polarities of this stator 41, it mainly is the startup that has influence on rotor 42 (fan) for fear of being arranged at some position (so-called running dead angle); And second sensing component 32 is arranged on the circuit board 30 equally and be positioned at first sensing component, 31 1 sides, and wherein second sensing component 32 is arranged at which side of first sensing component 31 and which position and then looks rotor 42 with respect to the result of the direction of rotation of stator 41 and testing efficiency and determine.
As shown in Figure 6, in the present embodiment, in order to allow detected second phase place leading first of switching phase signal 321 switch the phase place of phase signal 311, therefore, with respect to rotor 42 direction of rotation the position of this second sensing component 32 is arranged at before the position of first sensing component 51, and produce when excitatory first phase place of switching phase signal 311 that second phase place of switching phase signal 321 that this second sensing component 32 is detected can leading this first sensing component 31 be detected when rotor 42 rotation and with the silicon steel sheet 412 of this stator 41.Yet, in the general sequential that drives, to drive sequential commutates in advance, be phase place and control in advance, and shift to an earlier date when phase angle theta, the performance of motor 4 will be by low speed toward high-speed mobile, its efficient also can promote relatively, to what shift to an earlier date as for phase angle theta, then must decide according to the situation of reality test, so find out allow motor 4 efficient the bests second sensing component 32 the position is set.
Moreover, because first sensing component 31 is arranged at wherein two silicon steel sheets 412 of corresponding stator 41, on the circuit board 30 in the middle of 413, so the running dead angle that phase signal 311 can be avoided motor 4 is switched in first of output, and when switching to these second switching phase signal, 321 outputs, because the phase place of leading this first switching phase signal 311 of the phase place of this second switching phase signal 321, and having formed phase place controls in advance, therefore, the current waveform of controller for motor 3 outputs of present embodiment will become Fig. 7 (b) by Fig. 7 (a), and makes the efficient of motor 4 obtain effectively to promote.
The signal switching circuit 33 of present embodiment is electrically connected on first sensing component 31 and second sensing component 32 respectively, and this signal switching circuit 33 comprises that one measures an assembly 331 and a diverter switch 332 that is electrically connected with this measurement assembly 331, wherein measure assembly 331 and have a switching condition of setting, this switching condition can be the default value of a time of setting, rotating speed, revolution, curtage in the present embodiment; And this measurement assembly 331 begins to measure when motor 4 starts running, and promptly exports a switching signal after measuring the default value that the actual value that is produced reaches previous setting; And diverter switch 332 switches to first sensing component 31 outputs first switching phase signal 311 when motor 4 begins to start running, and after receiving switching signal, be about to switch to 32 outputs second of second sensing component and switch phase signal 321 from 31 outputs of first sensing component.
The motor drive circuit 34 of present embodiment is electrically connected on signal switching circuit 33, mainly switch phase signal 311 or the second switching phase signal, 321 backs and produce a motor rotary speed control signal in order to be received from first of signal switching circuit 33 outputs, and according to these motor rotary speed control signal starter 4 runnings.And coil commutation circuit 35 is electrically connected on motor drive circuit 34, and in order to receiving the motor rotary speed control signal of motor drive circuit 34 outputs, and the phase place of carrying out the coil groups 411 of motor 4 according to this motor rotary speed control signal is switched.It is to be electrically connected on motor drive circuit 34 that pulse modulation produces circuit 36, and it switches phase signal 321 in order to the first switching phase signal 311 and second that modulation motor drive circuit 34 is received, and then changes the rotating speed of motor 4.
Wherein the measurement assembly 331 of signal switching circuit 33 can be when certain device, and the default value of this switching condition can be set at the time, therefore, when motor 4 begins to start, this signal switching circuit 33 at first can switch to 31 outputs first of first sensing component and switch phase signal 311, at this moment, this timer starts and picks up counting, and when reaching the default value of switching condition of this setting, the actual value of timing can send switching signal to diverter switch 332 (for example: set the switching of carrying out signal after starting 30 seconds), 332 of this diverter switches can switch to 32 outputs of second sensing component with original first sensing component, 31 outputs according to switching signal, simultaneously should the output meeting switch phase signal 311 by first and change to second and switch phase signal 321 and export this motor drive circuit 34 to.
Perhaps, above-mentioned measurement assembly 331 also can be a counter, and the default value of this switching condition can be set at revolution (number of turns of rotation) or rotating speed, wherein when the actual value of revolution (rotating speed) of counting rotor 51 reaches the default value of switching condition of setting, this diverter switch 332 can be switched to second sensing component 32 outputs second switching phase signal 321 by original first sensing component, 31 outputs to motor drive circuit 34 (for example: set revolution and reach 1000 and carry out the switching of signal when changeing).
Or, above-mentioned measurement assembly 331 also can be a current detection circuit or voltage detecting circuit, and the default value of this switching condition can be set at curtage, when wherein the actual value of measuring the curtage on this motor drive circuit 34 when current detection circuit or voltage detecting circuit reached the default value of switching condition of setting, this diverter switch 332 can be switched to 32 outputs second of second sensing component by original first sensing component, 31 outputs and switch phase signal 321 to this motor drive circuit 34.
Please refer to shown in Figure 8ly, it comprises that for the flow chart of the motor control method of preferred embodiment of the present invention step S01a, S01b are to step S04.Above-mentioned this controller for motor 3 can be applicable to this control method, and the process step of this control method is described.
At step S01a and S01b, in the time motor 4 will being started, the switching phase signal 311 and 321 that produces when detecting these motor 4 runnings respectively by first and second sensing component 31,32;
At step S02, switch 31 outputs of first sensing component at the initial stage that motor 4 starts, and export the first switching phase signal 311;
At step S03, judge whether to reach the switching condition of setting, if do not reach, then still continue output first and switch phase signal 311;
At step S04, if reach the switching condition of setting, promptly switch 32 outputs of second sensing component, switch phase signal 321 to this motor drive circuit 34 to export second.
In sum, controller for motor of the present invention and method thereof mainly are provided with two groups of hall sensors between two silicon steel sheets 412 and 413 of the stator 41 of corresponding motor 4 on the circuit board 30, provide the phase signal of one group of hall sensor output (not having the running dead angle) with CD-ROM drive motor 4 runnings earlier to start the initial stage of turning round at motor 4, and when motor 4 turns round back and realizes the switching condition of setting, promptly switch another group hall sensor and export leading phase signal (high efficiency), can take into account motor starting ability and running efficiency when making motor 4 runnings.
The above only is an illustrative, but not is restricted person.Anyly do not break away from spirit of the present invention and scope, and, all should be included in the claim of the present invention its equivalent modifications of carrying out or change.

Claims (17)

1, a kind of controller for motor, it comprises:
One first sensing component, all commutation position signals that produce when detecting a motor running, and obtain one first corresponding switching phase signal output;
One second sensing component, all commutation position signals that produce when detecting this motor running, and obtain one second corresponding switching phase signal output; And
One signal switching circuit, be electrically connected on this first sensing component and this second sensing component respectively, and when the running of this motor starting, switch to this first sensing component output, wherein when behind this motor running and realize one set switching condition the time, promptly switch to this second sensing component and export.
2, controller for motor as claimed in claim 1, it also comprises a motor drive circuit, be electrically connected on this signal switching circuit, first switch phase signal or this second and switch phase signal and produce a motor rotary speed control signal in order to this that is received from the output of this signal switching circuit, and start this motor running according to this motor rotary speed control signal.
3, controller for motor as claimed in claim 2, it also comprises a coil commutation circuit, be electrically connected on this motor drive circuit, in order to receiving this motor rotary speed control signal of this motor drive circuit output, and switch according to the phase place that this motor rotary speed control signal is carried out this motor.
4, controller for motor as claimed in claim 2, it comprises that a pulse modulation produces circuit, be electrically connected on this motor drive circuit, first switch phase signal and this second and switch phase signal in order to this that modulate that this motor drive circuit receives, and then change the rotating speed of this motor.
5, controller for motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein this first switching phase signal and this second switching phase signal all are the square-wave signal of a plurality of continuitys and regular distribution, and the phase place of leading this first switching phase signal of the phase place of this second switching phase signal.
6, controller for motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein this switching condition is time, rotating speed, revolution, a curtage of setting.
7, controller for motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein this signal switching circuit comprises:
One measures assembly, has a default value, wherein promptly measures after this motor starting running, and promptly exports a switching signal after an actual value that is produced arrives this default value when measuring; And
One switches switch, and it is connected with this measurement electrical component, after receiving this switching signal, will switch to this second sensing component output from this first sensing component output.
8, controller for motor as claimed in claim 7, wherein this measurement assembly is a counter, and this default value is a rotating speed or a revolution of setting, and this actual value is a rotating speed or a revolution of measuring.
9, controller for motor as claimed in claim 7, wherein this measurement assembly is a timer, and this default value is a setting-up time, and this actual value is a timing time.
10, controller for motor as claimed in claim 7, wherein this measurement assembly is a current detection circuit or a voltage detecting circuit, and this default value is one to set current value or magnitude of voltage, and this actual value is a current value or a magnitude of voltage of measuring.
11, controller for motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein this first sensing component and second sensing component are the magnetic field sensing component, and this magnetic field sensing component is shunt, current transformer, hall sensor or magneto-resistor.
12, a kind of motor control method comprises the following steps:
When this motor starting running, obtain one first and switch phase signal, to drive this motor running; And
Behind this motor running and realize one set switching condition the time, promptly obtain one second and switch phase signal, to drive this motor running.
13, motor control method as claimed in claim 12, wherein this switching condition is time, rotating speed, revolution, a curtage of setting.
14, motor control method as claimed in claim 12, the while only has only one group of phase signal can export and drive this motor running in the wherein phase place of leading this first switching phase signal of the phase place of this second switching phase signal, and this first switching phase signal and this second switching phase signal.
15, motor control method as claimed in claim 12, wherein this first switches phase signal and detects this motor running via one first sensing component and obtain, and this second switches phase signal and detect this motor running via one second sensing component and obtain.
16, motor control method as claimed in claim 15, it also comprises when realizing the switching condition of this setting, switches to the step of this second sensing component output from this first sensing component output by signal switching circuit control.
17, motor control method as claimed in claim 16, it comprises that also utilizing one in this signal switching circuit to measure assembly promptly measures after this motor starting running, and promptly switches to the step of this second sensing component output after measuring an actual value that is produced to arrive a default value from this first sensing component output.
CNA2007101278298A 2007-07-03 2007-07-03 Motor control apparatus and method thereof Pending CN101340168A (en)

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CN201210359974.XA CN102832863B (en) 2007-07-03 2007-07-03 Controller for motor and method thereof
CNA2007101278298A CN101340168A (en) 2007-07-03 2007-07-03 Motor control apparatus and method thereof

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CNA2007101278298A CN101340168A (en) 2007-07-03 2007-07-03 Motor control apparatus and method thereof

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TWI567406B (en) * 2012-06-07 2017-01-21 Sii Semiconductor Corp Magnetic sensor
CN113156205A (en) * 2020-01-22 2021-07-23 圣邦微电子(北京)股份有限公司 Shaping circuit, test board card and test machine
CN114389510A (en) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-22 茂达电子股份有限公司 Single-phase motor driving circuit and driving method

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TWI567406B (en) * 2012-06-07 2017-01-21 Sii Semiconductor Corp Magnetic sensor
CN103684144A (en) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-26 咸凯民 Direct current unit electric motor starting method
CN113156205A (en) * 2020-01-22 2021-07-23 圣邦微电子(北京)股份有限公司 Shaping circuit, test board card and test machine
CN113156205B (en) * 2020-01-22 2023-10-13 圣邦微电子(北京)股份有限公司 Shaping circuit, test board card and test machine
CN114389510A (en) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-22 茂达电子股份有限公司 Single-phase motor driving circuit and driving method
CN114389510B (en) * 2020-10-16 2024-02-23 茂达电子股份有限公司 Single-phase motor driving circuit and driving method

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Application publication date: 20090107