CN101328798B - Method for extracting thick oil - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a heavy oil cold production method applied to the production of oilfield heavy oil reservoirs at normal temperature and pressure. The method is characterized by comprising: a. a step of preparing water-soluble viscosity reducer I; b. a step of preparing viscosity reducer II; c. a step of preparing viscosity reducer III; d. a step of squeezing the water-soluble viscosity reducer I into oil reservoirs; and e. a step of using an oil pumping unit or screw pump lifting equipment to lift produced well fluid and adding the pitshaft viscosity reducer II or the pitshaft viscosity reducer III from an annular space between an oil pipe and an casing pipe of an oil well according to the different viscosity of produced fluid crude oil. The method has the advantages that: a chemical method is adopted to reduce the viscosity of heavy oil in the oil reservoirs and well fluid inside pitshafts, so as to improve heavy oil production effect; and the method has the continuous production time of the oil wells far more than that of the production methods in the prior art, greatly reduces production operation cost, and is obviously superior to the prior heavy oil production technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil field oil production method, particularly a kind of method of thickened oil recovery especially adopts the method crude oil extraction that reduces viscosity of crude.When being applicable to 50 ℃ of ground crude oil, viscosity of crude is 100mPas～10000mPas; Oil density is greater than 0.92g/cm in the time of 20 ℃
3Freezing point is-20 ℃～50 ℃; Gum asphalt is greater than 25%; Sulfur-bearing is greater than 0.2%; Paraffin content is greater than 1.0%, the problem of the exploitation of normal temperature and pressure heavy crude reservoir.
Background technology
At present, the heating exploitation method is the traditional thickened oil recovery method in oil field, and its technological core is through oil reservoir or pit shaft being heated to reduce viscosity of crude, improving the mobile performance of crude oil, to reach the purpose that improves oil well output.Mainly contain methods such as steam injection, accompanying-heat cable, down-hole heating furnace, heating sucker rod, combustion in situ.Show that through production practices for many years its technology is ripe day by day, but ubiquity is invested height, the down-hole situation is complicated, and is high to the exploitation technical requirements, and water at the bottom of thin layer, mutual thin layer oil reservoir and the limit is enlivened problems such as oil reservoir bad adaptability.Therefore, the technician who is engaged in thickened oil recovery with diversion to the cold research of viscous crude with use.
Heavy oil cold flow production is meant the process of using conventional oil well pump and various non-thermal methods heavy crude producings, mainly contains methods such as pit shaft dosing, chemical plugging removal, screw pump, suction pump, air injection, notes nitrogen, caustic waterflooding.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of method of thickened oil recovery is provided, the thinner of a series mainly is provided, comprise that at oil well oil reservoir and well wellbore make reducing thick oil viscosity, improve the flowability of viscous crude.Viscosity, freezing point, paraffin content, gum asphaltic content and core intersection, effecive porosity, the permeability of crude oil are utilized 0.2%～2.0% water-soluble thinner I:50m during according to 50 ℃ of viscous crude
3～300m
3After clamp-oning oil reservoir, solve the problem that in-place oil flows into pit shaft; In pit shaft lifting process, when 50 ℃ of viscosity of extraction well liquid during, use thinner II and carry out the drag reduction viscosity reduction less than 5000mPa.s, when 50 ℃ of viscosity of extraction well liquid during greater than 5000mPa.s, thinner III,, utilize thinner III to carry out the drag reduction viscosity reduction.When realizing 50 ℃, ground viscosity of crude: 100mPas～10000mPas; In the time of 20 ℃, oil density is greater than 0.92g/cm
3Freezing point :-20 ℃～50 ℃; Gum asphalt is greater than 25%; Sulfur-bearing is greater than 0.2%; Paraffin content greater than: 1.0% the viscous crude crude oil of heavy crude reservoir is at normal temperatures and pressures more effectively exploited.
The technical scheme that the present invention is taked for its technical problem of solution is:
A kind of method of heavy oil cold flow production, the step of implementing this method is following:
1, the water-soluble thinner I of preparation: each components by weight of water-soluble thinner I: 3～5% NaOH; 2～6% polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether I; 8～10% sodium carbonate, 2～3.5% sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonates, 2～4.5% sodium acid carbonates; All the other are water, and each component weight percentage sum is 100%.
Capital equipment:
Enamel reaction still with stirring, heating, cooling and vacuum system.
Production method:
At first, NaOH, sodium carbonate and three kinds of raw materials of sodium acid carbonate are added enamel reaction still in proportion.Slowly be warmed up to 50～60 ℃, secondly, add 20% water, after constantly stirring 30 minutes, constantly adding polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether I, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate in proportion successively under the condition of stirring then; Add remaining water at last in proportion, stir while adding, stir after 20 minutes, stop heating, be stirred to the normal temperature discharging while cooling off, obtain water-soluble thinner I.
The code name of described polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether I is demulsifier AE7921, production unit: general petrochemical works, Changzhou.Polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether has introduction in " Chinese surfactant overview " (the 473rd page) book of Chemical Industry Press's publication of Huang Hongzhou chief editor.
Described sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate has introduction in course teaching materials geared to the 21st century " oilfield chemistry " (the 302nd a page) book of Zhao Fulin chief editor's publishing house of China University Of Petroleum Beijing publication.
Described sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate can adopt 2,6-di-t-butyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate, and consumption is identical.2, the molecular formula of 6-di-t-butyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate is: C18H23SO3Na.
2, preparation thinner II: each components by weight of thinner II: 45～50% crude benzol, 2～4% polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether II, all the other are the 200# solvent naphtha, each component weight percentage sum is 100%.
Above-mentioned crude benzol is the accessory substance (there is sale in market) that reclaims in the coal coking process, and its Main Ingredients and Appearance is benzene (molecular formula C
6H
6), toluene (molecular formula C
7H
8), xylenes (molecular formula C
8H
10).Therefore, the crude benzol among the present invention can adopt benzene, toluene or xylenes to replace.Crude benzol, benzene, toluene and xylenes all are good liquid fluxs, and use amount is identical.
Capital equipment:
Normal pressure enamel reaction still with stirring, heating, cooling and vacuum system.
Production method:
Crude benzol, polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether II and three kinds of components of 200# solvent naphtha are added enamel reaction still in proportion, and the limit edged stirs, and adds material and stirs after 60 minutes again and stop to stir discharging, obtains thinner II.
The code name of described polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether II is demulsifier AE8051, production unit: shore, Shandong group company.Polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether has introduction in " Chinese surfactant overview " (the 473rd page) book of Chemical Industry Press's publication of Huang Hongzhou chief editor.
3, preparation thinner III: each components by weight of thinner III: 30～35% polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether III, ethyl acetate (the molecular formula C of 5-8%
4H
8O
2), all the other are water, each component weight percentage sum is 100%.
Capital equipment:
Enamel reaction still with stirring, heating, cooling and vacuum system.
Production method:
Ethyl acetate and three kinds of components of water of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether III, 5-8% are constantly being added enamel reaction still under the condition of stirring in proportion.Slowly be warmed up to 50～60 ℃, stir stop after 60 minutes the heating, be stirred to the normal temperature discharging while cooling off, obtain thinner III.
The code name of described polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether III is demulsifier AP121, production unit: Jinling Petrochemical Co.'s chemical industry two factories.Polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether has introduction in " Chinese surfactant overview " (the 471st page) book of Chemical Industry Press's publication of Huang Hongzhou chief editor.
4, oil reservoir is clamp-oned liquid and clamp-on oil reservoir: water and water-soluble thinner I be by weight being 100: 0.2～2.0, mixes to be mixed with oil reservoir and to clamp-on liquid; With 50m
3～300m
3Oil reservoir clamp-on liquid and clamp-on oil reservoir, built the pressure 24～48 hours.
Oil reservoir makes the reducing thick oil viscosity in the oil reservoir after clamp-oning liquid entering oil reservoir, improves the flowability of viscous crude in the oil reservoir, and the viscous crude that solves oilbearing stratum flows into the problem of pit shaft difficulty.It is the method commonly used that down-hole, oil field constructor knows that oil reservoir is clamp-oned the liquid method of clamp-oning oil reservoir and the method for building the pressure, and does not introduce in detail.
5, adopt oil pumper or screw pump lifting equipment lifting extraction well liquid; And the viscosity when detecting 50 ℃ of extraction well liquid.Oil pumper or screw pump lifting extraction well liquid viscosity method when detecting 50 ℃ of extraction well liquid is that those skilled in the art know technology, does not introduce in detail.
When 50 ℃ of viscosity of extraction well liquid during, add thinner II from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe, the extraction of lifting simultaneously well liquid less than 5000mPa.s.The adding weight of thinner II and oil well liquid-producing volume ratio are 600～800 milligrams: 1 liter.Such as: oil well liquid-producing is 10m
3/ d, the dosing cycle is 7 days, 7 days production fluid amount adds up to 70m so
3, adding dose so is 42kg～56kg.If the dosing cycle is 10 days, 10 days production fluid amount adds up to 100m so
3, adding dose so is 60kg～80kg.
When 50 ℃ of viscosity of extraction well liquid during, add thinner III from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe, the extraction of lifting simultaneously well liquid greater than 5000mPa.s.The adding weight of thinner III liquid and oil well liquid-producing volume ratio are 400～600 milligrams: 1 liter.
The component of 3 same being named as of use " polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether " has a plurality of products all to be this name in the above-mentioned explanation on the market.Their manufacturer is different, and molecular weight is also different, and the product code name is different.For using same name " polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether " component to distinguish, after " polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether ", be marked with the differentiation symbol of I, II or III to 3 times.
Adding the thinner method from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe is that those skilled in the art know technology, does not introduce in detail.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the thickened oil recovery method that the present invention adopts is different with existing thickened oil recovery method.Adopt chemical method to make reducing thick oil viscosity in the oil reservoir, improve the flowability of viscous crude in the oil reservoir, the viscous crude that solves oilbearing stratum flows into the problem of pit shaft difficulty; And distinguish the viscosity of 50 ℃ of extraction well liquid, and add different pit shaft property drag reduction viscosity reduction liquid from oil well oil conduit with annular space between the sleeve pipe, reduce the viscosity of well liquid in the pit shaft, improve the thickened oil recovery effect.The continuous production time of oil well is far longer than the exploitation method of prior art, and the production run cost reduces significantly, obviously is superior to existing thickened oil recovery technology.On average descending the pump degree of depth at the middle and south, North China Oilfield Ji heavy crude reservoir is to test in 54 mouthfuls of heavy oil wells of 1439m, adds up the crude oil 52.940 * 10 of producing more
4Ton.The average pump detection period of individual well 816 days.
The specific embodiment
Utilize the present invention in North China Oilfield is recovered the oil a plurality of heavy crude reservoirs of five factories, to test, all receive significant development effectiveness.With the Shen Nan oil field is that example describes.
Embodiment 1: pool 70 heavy crude reservoirs in Shen Nan oil field, and oil reservoir is being grown Qp from top to bottom, Nm, Ng, Ed and Es stratum, oil reservoir mainly is distributed in Ed, dark 2400m during oil reservoir is average, its reservoir physical property is: degree of porosity is: 15%～25.5%; Permeability is: 208 * 10
-3～2290 * 10
-3μ m
2Ground viscosity of crude: (50 ℃) 1157～85085mPa.s; 20 ℃ of oil density: 0.9442～1.0035g/cm
3Freezing point: 20～40 ℃; Gum asphalt: 29.38%～71.23%; Sulfur-bearing: 0.4%～0.82%; The content of wax: 1.56～10.75%; Oil reservoir average temperature: 93.4 ℃; Geothermal gradient: 3.34 ℃/100m; Original formation pressure: 23.08MPa; Pressure coefficient: 0.99, belong to normal temperature, normal pressure heavy crude reservoir.
When developing this oil reservoir, recording damp 70 fault block viscous crude acid numbers at 1.26～1.85mgKOH/g, belong to strong active viscous crude, taked following steps during practical implementation, is example with damp 70-23 well, further explain.
Pool 70-23 well reservoir physical property is: effecive porosity is: 19.8%; Permeability is: 1042.3 * 10
-3μ m
2, ground viscosity of crude: (50 ℃) 4386.2mPa.s; 20 ℃ of oil density: 0.9985g/cm
3, freezing point: 27 ℃; Gum asphalt: 58.4%; Sulfur-bearing: 0.76%; The content of wax: 7.5%, reservoir temperature: 94.3 ℃, geothermal gradient: 3.34 ℃/100m, original formation pressure: 24.3MPa, pressure coefficient: 0.99; Acid value for crude oil is at 1.57mgKOH/g.
1, the water-soluble thinner I of preparation: each components by weight of water-soluble thinner I: 3.5% NaOH, 4.5% code name demulsifier AE7921,2.8% sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, 8.5% sodium carbonate, 3.0% sodium acid carbonate, all the other are water, and each component weight percentage sum is 100%.
At first, NaOH, carbonic acid and three kinds of components of carbonic acid are added enamel reaction still in proportion.Slowly be warmed up to 55 ℃, secondly, add 20% of water consumption, constantly stirring 30 minutes, constantly adding demulsifier AE7921, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate in proportion successively under the condition of stirring then; Add remaining water at last in proportion, stir while adding, stir after 20 minutes, stop heating, be stirred to the normal temperature discharging while cooling off, obtain water-soluble thinner I.
2, water-soluble thinner I is clamp-oned oil reservoir: water and water-soluble thinner I be by weight being 100: 1.2, mixes to be mixed with oil reservoir and to clamp-on liquid; With 150m
3Oil reservoir clamp-on liquid and clamp-on oil reservoir; Built the pressure 30 hours.
3, adopt lifting equipment oil pumper lifting extraction well liquid; And detect the viscosity obtain 50 ℃ of extraction well liquid be 4834mPa.s (because of sample time different, the viscosity number of mensuration has certain fluctuation);
4, preparation thinner II: each components by weight of thinner II: 47.5% crude benzol, 3.0% demulsifier AE8051, all the other are the 200# solvent naphtha, each component weight percentage sum is 100%.
The method for preparing oil-soluble viscosity reducer II: crude benzol, demulsifier AE8051 and three kinds of components of 200# solvent naphtha are added enamel reaction still in proportion, and the limit edged stirs, and adds material and stirs after 60 minutes again and stop to stir discharging, obtains oil-soluble viscosity reducer II.
5, last, add oil-soluble viscosity reducer II from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe, the extraction of lifting simultaneously well liquid.The adding weight of oil-soluble viscosity reducer II and oil well liquid-producing volume ratio are 700 milligrams: 1 liter.
Embodiment 2: damp 70-25 well, ground viscosity of crude: (50 ℃) 9886.2mPa.s;
1, adopts the step 1 of embodiment 1.
2, adopt the step 2 of embodiment 1.
3, adopt lifting equipment oil pumper lifting extraction well liquid; And detect the viscosity obtain 50 ℃ of extraction be 9812.3mPa.s (because of sample time different, the viscosity number of mensuration has certain fluctuation);
4, preparation thinner III: each components by weight of thinner III: 32% demulsifier AP121,6.2% ethyl acetate, all the other are water, and each component weight percentage sum is 100%.
The method for preparing thinner III: demulsifier AP121, ethyl acetate and three kinds of components of water are constantly being added enamel reaction still under the condition of stirring in proportion.Slowly be warmed up to 55 ℃, stir stop after 60 minutes the heating, be stirred to the normal temperature discharging while cooling off, obtain thinner III.
5, add thinner III from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe, the extraction of lifting simultaneously well liquid.The adding weight of thinner III liquid and oil well liquid-producing volume ratio are 430 milligrams: 1 liter.
In adopting thickened oil recovery process of the present invention, the drag reduction viscosity break ratio reaches more than 75%, and on average descend the pump degree of depth at the middle and south, North China Oilfield Ji heavy crude reservoir is to test in 54 mouthfuls of heavy oil wells of 1439m, adds up many production crude oil 52.940 * 10
4Ton.The average pump detection period of individual well 816 days.
Embodiment 3-5: each weight percentages of components is tabulated as follows: each component weight percentage sum is 100%.(what adopt among the embodiment 5 is 2,6-di-t-butyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate)
Claims (5)
1. the method for a heavy oil cold flow production, it is characterized in that: the step of this method is following:
A, the water-soluble thinner I of preparation: each components by weight of water-soluble thinner I: 3～5% NaOH, 2～6% polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether I, 8～10% sodium carbonate, 2～3.5% sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonates, 2～4.5% sodium acid carbonates; All the other are water, and each component weight percentage sum is 100%;
The method for preparing water-soluble thinner I:
At first, NaOH, sodium carbonate and three kinds of components of sodium acid carbonate are added enamel reaction still in proportion; Slowly be warmed up to 50～60 ℃, secondly, add 20% water, stirred 30 minutes, constantly adding polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether I, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate in proportion successively under the condition of stirring then; Add remaining water at last in proportion, stir while adding, stirred 20 minutes, stop heating, be stirred to the normal temperature discharging while cooling off, obtain water-soluble thinner I;
B, preparation thinner II: each components by weight of thinner II: 45～50% crude benzol, 2～4% polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether II, all the other are the 200# solvent naphtha, each component weight percentage sum is 100%;
The method for preparing thinner II:
Crude benzol, polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether II and three kinds of raw materials of 200# solvent naphtha are added enamel reaction still in proportion, and the limit edged stirs, and adds material and stirs after 60 minutes again and stop to stir discharging, obtains thinner II;
C, preparation thinner III: each components by weight of thinner III: 30～35% polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether III, the ethyl acetate of 5-8%, all the other are water, and each component weight percentage sum is 100%;
The method for preparing thinner III:
Ethyl acetate and three kinds of components of water of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether III, 5-8% are constantly being added enamel reaction still under the condition of stirring in proportion; Slowly be warmed up to 50～60 ℃, stir stopped in 60 minutes the heating, be stirred to the normal temperature discharging while cooling off, obtain thinner III;
D, oil reservoir is clamp-oned liquid clamp-on oil reservoir: water and water-soluble thinner I be by weight being 100: 0.2～2.0, mixes to be mixed with oil reservoir and to clamp-on liquid; With 50m
3～300m
3Oil reservoir clamp-on liquid and clamp-on oil reservoir, built the pressure 24～48 hours;
E, oil recovery: adopt oil pumper or screw pump lifting equipment lifting extraction well liquid; And the viscosity when detecting 50 ℃ of extraction well liquid;
50 ℃ of viscosity of extraction well liquid add thinner II from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe during less than 5000mPa.s, the extraction of lifting simultaneously well liquid; The adding weight of thinner II and oil well liquid-producing volume ratio are 600～800 milligrams: 1 liter;
Or 50 ℃ of viscosity of extraction well liquid add thinner III from the annular space between oil well oil conduit and the sleeve pipe during greater than 5000mPa.s, the extraction of lifting simultaneously well liquid; The adding weight of thinner III liquid and oil well liquid-producing volume ratio are 400～600 milligrams: 1 liter;
The code name of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether I is demulsifier AE7921;
The code name of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether II is demulsifier AE8051;
The code name of polyethylene polyamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether III is demulsifier AP121.
2. the method for heavy oil cold flow production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crude benzol is a benzene.
3. the method for heavy oil cold flow production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crude benzol is a toluene.
4. the method for heavy oil cold flow production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crude benzol is an xylenes.
5. like the method for claim 1,2,3 or 4 described heavy oil cold flow productions, it is characterized in that: described sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate is 2,6-di-t-butyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101328798B true CN101328798B (en) | 2012-03-07 |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106893572A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-27 | 中山市绿浪助剂有限公司 | A kind of heavy oil cold flow production auxiliary agent |
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| CN101852073B (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2013-01-16 | 新疆德蓝股份有限公司 | Novel integration technique for improving recovery ratio of thick oil with high thickness and low yield |
| CN101839127A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-09-22 | 北京东方亚洲石油技术服务有限公司 | Exploitation method of thick oil type oil deposit |
| CN102373077B (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Extra-heavy oil functional demulsifier as well as preparation and application thereof |
| CN102010703B (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2012-10-03 | 成都孚吉科技有限责任公司 | Thickened oil cold production displacement agent for thickened oil production and preparation process thereof |
| CN102364206A (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2012-02-29 | 新疆德蓝股份有限公司 | New method for reducing viscosity of thickened oil for oil and gas extraction |
| CN102635343B (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2014-11-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for lifting heavy oil through shaft in heavy oil cold production |
| CN102852489B (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-11-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for treating cold oil extraction layer of thickened oil |
| CN105112039B (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2018-07-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of high temperature resistant oil-soluble viscosity reducer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107143319A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-08 | 新疆科力新技术发展股份有限公司 | The cold method adopted of shallow oil reservoir reducing thick oil viscosity |
| CN107893648B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-18 | 北京百利时能源技术股份有限公司 | The cold mining method of heavy crude reservoir carbon dioxide accumulation of energy high pressure viscosity reduction |
| CN109973064A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-07-05 | 长沙而道新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of oil exploitation method |
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| CN101328798A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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