CN101327517A - Automatic scanning atomizer suitable for spray forming - Google Patents
Automatic scanning atomizer suitable for spray forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN101327517A CN101327517A CNA2008100647798A CN200810064779A CN101327517A CN 101327517 A CN101327517 A CN 101327517A CN A2008100647798 A CNA2008100647798 A CN A2008100647798A CN 200810064779 A CN200810064779 A CN 200810064779A CN 101327517 A CN101327517 A CN 101327517A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic scanning atomizer applicable to spray forming, which relates to an atomizer. The invention solves the problems of the atomizers in the prior art that the scope of application is narrow and the spray forming process is difficult to control, etc. Two symmetrical oscillatory gas chambers (3) are arranged at the two ends of an atomizer body (11); two oscillatory gas inlet pipes (4) are respectively communicated with the two oscillatory gas chambers (3); a circular atomized gas chamber (9) is arranged at the center of the bottom head face of the atomizer body (11); one end of an atomized gas inlet pipe (1) is communicated with the circular atomized gas chamber (9); a plurality of oscillatory gas outlet holes (8) are evenly and symmetrically distributed on the lateral wall of the lower part of the two oscillatory gas chambers (3); a conical atomized gas outlet hole (10) are arranged between a circular gas chamber bottom cover (12) and a cylindrical lateral wall (11-2), wherein the conical atomized gas outlet hole (10) is communicated with a circular atomized gas chamber (9) and the diameter of the conical atomized gas outlet hole (10) dwindles from the top down. The invention achieves automatic scanning oscillation of the atomizer cone and is applicable to the preparation of over Phi 200mm high-quality billet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of atomizer, be specifically related to a kind of molten metal reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer, belong to material processing field.
Background technology
Reaction-injection moulding (Spray Forming) also is jet deposition (Spray Deposition), is proposed by professor Singer of Britain Swansea university first in 1960's end.Development has become a kind of important advanced material technology of preparing so far.This technology has alloying element solubility, the refinement alloy structure of raising, reduces characteristics such as alloying element segregation, the refinement second phase particle.The intensity of spray formed material is compared with the as cast condition material and is improved largely, and its percentage elongation also can keep and casting or the suitable level of forged material.In addition, this technology organically combines the atomizing of metal with two stages of shaping, realize the once-forming of large scale rapidly solidified material, thereby solved many technical problems such as the complex process, the oxidation that exist in powder metallurgy (Powder Metallurgy) technology be serious well.Simultaneously, the operation of reaction-injection moulding process is easier than PM technique, and its production cost is lower, and its performance is suitable with powdered metallurgical material.So spray forming technology, just is subjected to the attention of domestic and international many scientific research institutions and enterprise once appearance, and obtained very big progress.In developed countries such as Britain, the U.S., Germany, Japan, this technology has been used to preparation as nearly end form member such as ingot, ring, pipe, plate.The gas atomization technology is one of core technology of spray deposition technology, and the deposit preform quality depends on atomizer structure and relevant structural parameters thereof to a great extent, and the atomizer and the correlation theory thereof of spray deposition processing come into one's own further.Some company, the university of Britain, the U.S. and the Japan development of new atomizer of furnishing a huge amount of money for, and obtain remarkable progress.Traditional restricted type atomizer, atomizing effect is good, and the size range of droplet is narrower, but the atomizer (atomizing) cone angle of scattering is less, the deposition ingot that only suitable deposit size is less.When deposition ingot size was big, pit appearred in the central area of deposition ingot easily, and is simultaneously should the zone density also very low.For the restricted type atomizer, have only and adopt two atomization systems, could go out bigger ingot by jet deposition.Traditional free fall type atomizer, the atomizer (atomizing) cone angle of scattering is bigger, but its atomizing effect is relatively poor, the Size Distribution broad of droplet, and the deposition distance waits the cooperation of technological parameter to be difficult to during deposition, large scale deposition ingot is also very difficult preferably so obtain metallurgical quality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention exists in order to solve existing atomizer that range of application is narrow, the control difficulty of reaction-injection moulding process is big, the billet metallurgical quality is poor, be not easy to obtain the problem of the better large-sized deposition ingot of metallurgical quality, and then a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for, it comprises the atomization gas air inlet pipe, the crucible connector, the catheter metal protecting tube, catheter, atomizer main body and annular air cavity bottom, it also comprises two swing gas inlet pipes, two swing air cavity doors, the two ends of atomizer main body are arranged with two swing air cavitys, described two swing air cavity doors and two port airtight connections of difference of swinging air cavitys, described two swing gas inlet pipes are communicated with respectively with two swing air cavitys, the middle part of described atomizer main body bottom face is provided with annular atomizing air cavity, one end of atomization gas air inlet pipe is communicated with annular atomizing air cavity, the crucible connector is installed on the upper surface of atomizer main body, the lower end of catheter metal protecting tube is passed the through hole that crucible connector and atomizer main body be provided with successively and is exposed, be cylinder side wall between the through hole that annular atomizing air cavity and atomizer main body are provided with, the outer that the upper end of catheter metal protecting tube is provided with is overlapped on the bottom face of crucible connector inner chamber, catheter inserts in the inner chamber of catheter metal protecting tube, and it is affixed with the catheter metal protecting tube, the bottom sidewall symmetry of described two swing air cavitys is laid with several swing gas venthole, angle α between the swing gas venthole center line of per two correspondence positions in described several the swing gas venthole is 60 °～120 °, the annular air cavity bottom is installed on the atomizer main body of annular atomizing air cavity port, be provided with between annular air cavity bottom and the cylinder side wall communicate with annular atomizing air cavity and diameter from top to bottom the taper atomization gas of convergent export hole.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: utilization of the present invention replaces air feed craft, realizes the automatic scan swing of atomizer (atomizing) cone, is suitable for preparing the above high-quality billet of φ 200mm.Atomizer and drain system architecture thereof are simple, and swing realizes convenient.Adopt atomizing drain system, spray deposition processing control is simplified, improve the billet metallurgical quality, reduce the billet preparation cost.The atomizer (atomizing) cone of this system can be realized continuous swing during atomizing in the certain angle scope, make that spraying droplet is more evenly distributed in the deposition space scope, distribution is also widened, be more suitable for depositing the deposition billet of large-size, the billet composition that obtains and organize more even, deposit preform shape and the easier control of quality.This atomizing drain system meets or exceeds external like product level.In addition, the present invention also has the following advantages: one, atomised part of the present invention adopts constraint formula structure, and the mobile swabbing action with gas of molten metal is a major impetus, is subjected to the influence of metal pressure head few, and metal flow is stable, is beneficial to the control of billet shape; Gas vent of the present invention is near in metal outlet distance, and atomizing effect is good; The atomizer (atomizing) cone scattering angle is little, deposition recovery rate height; Gas energy utilization rate height has significantly reduced the atomization gas consumption.Two, the major control mechanism of swing gas is the threeway autocontrol valve, can be placed on outside the vacuum chamber, and control is convenient, is not subjected to condition restriction such as dust and vacuum.Three, regulate atomizing effect by regulating atomization pressure and catheter diameter etc.The atomizing pressure adjustable range is 1.0～2.0MPa, and catheter diameter adjustment scope is φ 3～5mm.Four, the swing gas pressure improves the pendulum angle that can increase atomizer (atomizing) cone, yet, pendulum angle and atomization pressure also have bigger relation, under the identical swing pressure, atomizing pressure is big more, pendulum angle is more little, if the control pendulum angle is 0 °～10 °, the corresponding swing pressure and the ratio of atomizing pressure should be 0～0.6.Five, the present invention is suitable for Al alloy, Mg alloy, Cu alloy, Fe alloy, Ni based high-temperature alloy, Ti/TiAl superactivity alloy etc.With the Al alloy is example, and its swing gas pressure is 0.6MPa, and atomization pressure is 1.5MPa, pressure ratio is 0.4, and promptly pendulum angle is 6 °, and the catheter diameter is 3.6mm, the initial injection distance is 350mm, swing gas alternate cycle is 6 seconds, and the depositor velocity of rotation is 50rpm, when the depositor translational speed is 0.25mm/s, the deposit preform of preparation is of a size of φ 200mm, shape is regular, organize tiny evenly, density is higher than 96%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a main cutaway view of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the upward view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is the A portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is the alternately air feed gas circuit connection diagram of the present invention when working, Fig. 6 a is the duty design sketch of the independent right-hand member swing of the present invention gas inlet pipe air inlet, and 6b is the duty design sketch of the neither air inlet of two ends swing gas inlet pipe of the present invention, and 6c is the duty design sketch of the independent left end swing of the present invention gas inlet pipe air inlet.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: shown in Fig. 1～4, the described reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for of present embodiment, it comprises atomization gas air inlet pipe 1, crucible connector 2, catheter metal protecting tube 5, catheter 7, atomizer main body 11 and annular air cavity bottom 12, it also comprises two swing gas inlet pipes 4, two swing air cavity doors 13, the two ends of atomizer main body 11 are arranged with two swing air cavitys 3, described two swing air cavity doors 13 and two port airtight connections of difference of swinging air cavitys 3, described two swing gas inlet pipes 4 are communicated with respectively with two swing air cavitys 3, the middle part of described atomizer main body 11 bottom faces is provided with annular atomizing air cavity 9, one end of atomization gas air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with annular atomizing air cavity 9, crucible connector 2 is installed on the upper surface of atomizer main body 11, the lower end of catheter metal protecting tube 5 is passed the through hole 11-1 that crucible connector 2 and atomizer main body 11 be provided with successively and is exposed, be cylinder side wall 11-2 between the through hole 11-1 that annular atomizing air cavity 9 and atomizer main body 11 are provided with, the outer that the upper end of catheter metal protecting tube 5 is provided with is overlapped on the bottom face of crucible connector 2 inner chambers, catheter 7 inserts in the inner chamber of catheter metal protecting tube 5, and it is affixed with catheter metal protecting tube 5, the bottom sidewall symmetry of described two swing air cavitys 3 is laid with several swing gas venthole 8, angle α between swing gas venthole 8 center lines of per two correspondence positions in described several the swing gas venthole 8 is 60 °～120 °, annular air cavity bottom 12 is installed on the atomizer main body 11 of annular atomizing air cavity 9 ports, be provided with between annular air cavity bottom 12 and the cylinder side wall 11-2 communicate with annular atomizing air cavity 9 and diameter from top to bottom the taper atomization gas of convergent export hole 10.
The specific embodiment two: the described catheter of present embodiment 7 is made by ceramic material.Ceramic material is high temperature resistant, and is difficult for by the molten metal erosion.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, the swing gas venthole 8 that it is 0.5～1mm that described two the swing air cavity 3 bottom sidewalls of present embodiment are equipped with 5～10 apertures.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, the angle α between swing gas venthole 8 center lines of described per two correspondence positions of present embodiment is 90 °.So design can make the atomizer (atomizing) cone hunting range bigger.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment five: as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4, the described diameter of the present embodiment from top to bottom width of the taper atomization gas outlet hole 10 of convergent is 0.2～0.5mm.So design, the swing effect is better.Described hole 10 is adjacent with middle catheter, and gap structure and angle cooperate with catheter 7, can be beneficial to the water conservancy diversion of catheter to the bigger suction force of catheter 7 inner generations; In addition because this hole 10 is very near apart from catheter, and gas energy is easy to pass to metal, makes metal atomization, so annular atomizing air cavity 9 and hole 10 are called the atomizing air chamber.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment six: shown in Fig. 1～3, the described diameter of the present embodiment from top to bottom cone angle beta of the taper atomization gas outlet hole 10 of convergent is 30 °～90 °.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment seven: shown in Fig. 1～3, the described diameter of the present embodiment from top to bottom slit outlet pitch diameter of the taper atomization gas outlet hole 10 of convergent is φ 10～15mm.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment eight: shown in Fig. 1～3, present embodiment also comprises asbestos sticky pad 6, and the upper end face of described catheter metal protecting tube 5 is provided with asbestos sticky pad 6.The effect of asbestos sticky pad 6 is the junction sealings that make catheter 7 and crucible bottom, also has a heat-blocking action.Other composition and annexation are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment nine: as shown in Figure 5, the embodiment that the present invention is connected with air supply system 21.Air supply system 21 is communicated with an end of first pipeline 31, one end of the other end of first pipeline 31 and second pipeline 32, one end of the 3rd pipeline 33 is communicated with respectively, the other end of second pipeline 32 is communicated with the atomization gas air inlet pipe 1 of atomizer 25 (the present invention), one end of the other end of the 3rd pipeline 33 and the 4th pipeline 34 (swing gas circuit), one end of the 5th pipeline 35 (swing gas circuit) is controlled triple valve 27 automatically by the swing gas circuit and is communicated with respectively, the other end of the 4th pipeline is communicated with the swing gas inlet pipe 4 of left end, and the other end of the 5th pipeline is communicated with the swing gas inlet pipe 4 of right-hand member; On first pipeline 31, be provided with pressure-reducing valve 22, on second pipeline 32, be provided with atomizing gas circuit gas-pressure controlling valve 23, on the 3rd pipeline 33, be provided with swing gas circuit pressure-control valve 29, the swinging signal 28 control swing gas circuits of input are controlled triple valve 27 automatically, make the 4th pipeline 34 or the 5th pipeline 35 feed gas, and then can realize swinging by the atomizer (atomizing) cone 30 that atomizer 25 produces.
Shown in Fig. 5,6a, 6b, 6c, utilize the asymmetry of swing gas that the atomizer (atomizing) cone that atomization gas produces is blown partially, replacing of swing gas changes, and atomizer (atomizing) cone is with reciprocally swinging performance period.The deflection angle of atomizer (atomizing) cone and swing gas pressure and atomization pressure are than relevant, the minimum pressure that metal atomization requires is generally more than 0.8MPa, when if swing this moment gas pressure is 1.5MPa, pendulum angle can reach 30 °, but this moment, atomizer (atomizing) cone will be dispelled out, and is unfavorable to improving recovery rate.Comparatively ideal swing gas pressure and atomization pressure ratio should be 0～0.6, and the pendulum angle scope of atomizer (atomizing) cone is about 0 °～10 °.As shown in Figure 2, air supply system 21 is made up of members such as gas collection bag, gas cylinder, Pressure gauges.The pressure of gas cylinder more than 10MPa, generally need pressure be reduced to 3～4MPa by a pressure-reducing valve 22 after, export to atomizer by pressure-control valve again.Wherein pressure-control valve 23 is controlled the pressure of atomization gas, and the Pressure gauge of gas circuit front end can show the control result of this pressure-control valve, for people provide feedback information, meets predetermined pressure so that guarantee the pressure that is input to the atomizing air chamber.During the annulus outlet of the gas with predetermined pressure by the atomizing air chamber, gas produces very high flowing velocity, in catheter, produce bigger suction force simultaneously, high temperature fluent metal in the crucible is pumped out in catheter, and under the effect of high-speed gas, be broken into tiny droplet.This high-speed gas further drives these droplets and flies forward, takes away the heat of droplet simultaneously, makes it cooled and solidified.High-speed gas and droplet mainly are distributed in of atomizer front end to have in the conical region of certain angle, but gas velocity and droplet temperature, jet Density Distribution are very inhomogeneous in this zone, awl center gas speed and droplet temperature, jet density height, the awl edge is low; Cone top part gas velocity and droplet temperature, jet density height, the bottom is low; Correct position at atomizer (atomizing) cone is provided with depositor, and the droplet that does not solidify fully will bond on the depositor, and adhesive linkage constantly accumulates, and just can form the rapid solidification blank of bulk, cooperates the motion mode of depositor, can obtain column, tubulose, tabular ingot.Because atomizer (atomizing) cone injection current density and temperature distributing disproportionation are even, to deposition obtain high-quality, the large scale billet is very unfavorable, so need swing.Swing gas-pressure controlling valve 29 is opened, to the continuous alternating signal 28 beginning operate as normal of automatic triple valve 27 inputs.The swing air chamber at atomizer two ends will alternately charge into gas, and state as shown in Figure 3 will take place this moment.When triple-valve body was in an extreme position, the inflation of the right air chamber, left side air chamber did not have gas, and the atomizer (atomizing) cone that atomization gas produces will be blowed to left avertence by the gas of right air chamber, shown in Fig. 6 a; When valve body by this extreme position when change in the centre position, right air chamber filling channel reduces gradually, the gas flow that charges into is less, and the power of blowing of atomizer (atomizing) cone deflection is reduced gradually, the deflection angle of atomizer (atomizing) cone reduces gradually; When triple-valve body reached the centre position, right air chamber inflation finished fully, and left air chamber inflation does not also begin, and the 2 air chambers gas pressure is all zero, and this moment, atomizer (atomizing) cone did not deflect, shown in Fig. 6 b; When triple valve changes gradually when another limiting condition moves, left side air chamber begins inflation gradually, blows atomizer (atomizing) cone to right avertence, along with valve body close to extreme position, the atomizer (atomizing) cone deviation angle increases, when reaching capacity the position, it is maximum that deviation angle reaches, shown in Fig. 6 c.Then triple-valve body moves to previous extreme position, goes round and begins again, and moves in circles, and atomizer (atomizing) cone is realized continuous scanning swing.
Operation principle:
As Fig. 1～5 and Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, shown in Fig. 6 c, the present invention is provided with three air chambers (atomizing air chamber and two swing air chambers), respectively by three admission lines (atomization gas air inlet pipe 1 and two swing gas inlet pipes 4) input gases at high pressure, annular atomizing air cavity 9 and hole 10 are called the atomizing air chamber, two other air chamber symmetry respectively is positioned at atomizing air chamber two side ends, the indoor gas of atomization gas forms atomizer (atomizing) cone 30 with the molten metal atomizing, the air chamber of both sides is imported gas separately and atomizer (atomizing) cone can be blown partially, when the both sides air chamber is alternately imported high pressure (during 0.5～1MPa) gas, swing about atomizer (atomizing) cone will be realized is so this 2 air chambers is known as the swing air chamber.The air inlet pipe of swing air chamber (two swing gas inlet pipes 4) links to each other with automatic 3-way high-pressure ball valve.Ball valve can adopt pneumatic or electronic, and triple valve has an input port, two delivery outlets, and after control end input alternation control signal, two delivery outlets will be realized the swing of atomizer (atomizing) cone alternately to swing air chamber two ends input gases at high pressure; Because the distance of pipeline is longer, gas has functions such as compressible simultaneously, and the alternating cycles of output gas can not be too little, otherwise can not reach desirable effect.It is 3～15 seconds that this patent is established alternating cycles; Because alternating cycles is longer, require the rotational frequency of depositor should be higher, should guarantee the atomizer (atomizing) cone run-down, sediment pan rotated more than 5 weeks, so the depositor rotational frequency should be more than 20～100rpm.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for, it comprises atomization gas air inlet pipe (1), crucible connector (2), catheter metal protecting tube (5), catheter (7), atomizer main body (11) and annular air cavity bottom (12), it is characterized in that it also comprises two swing gas inlet pipes (4), two swing air cavity doors (13), the two ends of atomizer main body (11) are arranged with two swing air cavitys (3), described two swing air cavity doors (13) and two port airtight connections of difference of swinging air cavitys (3), described two swing gas inlet pipes (4) are communicated with respectively with two swing air cavitys (3), the middle part of described atomizer main body (11) bottom face is provided with annular atomizing air cavity (9), one end of atomization gas air inlet pipe (1) is communicated with annular atomizing air cavity (9), crucible connector (2) is installed on the upper surface of atomizer main body (11), the lower end of catheter metal protecting tube (5) is passed the through hole (11-1) that crucible connector (2) and atomizer main body (11) be provided with successively and is exposed, be cylinder side wall (11-2) between the through hole (11-1) that annular atomizing air cavity (9) and atomizer main body (11) are provided with, the outer that the upper end of catheter metal protecting tube (5) is provided with is overlapped on the bottom face of crucible connector (2) inner chamber, catheter (7) inserts in the inner chamber of catheter metal protecting tube (5), and it is affixed with catheter metal protecting tube (5), the bottom sidewall symmetry of described two swing air cavitys (3) is laid with several swing gas venthole (8), angle α between swing gas venthole (8) center line of per two correspondence positions in described several the swing gas venthole (8) is 60 °～120 °, annular air cavity bottom (12) is installed on the atomizer main body (11) of annular atomizing air cavity (9) port, be provided with between annular air cavity bottom (12) and the cylinder side wall (11-2) atomize with annular that air cavity (9) communicates and diameter from top to bottom the taper atomization gas of convergent export hole (10).
2, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1 is characterized in that described catheter (7) made by ceramic material.
3, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1 is characterized in that described two swing air cavity (3) bottom sidewalls swing gas venthole (8) that to be equipped with 5～10 apertures be 0.5～1mm.
4, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1 is characterized in that the angle α between swing gas venthole (8) center line of described per two correspondence positions is 90 °.
5, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described diameter from top to bottom the width of the taper atomization gas outlet hole (10) of convergent be 0.2～0.5mm.
6, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described diameter from top to bottom the cone angle beta of the taper atomization gas outlet hole (10) of convergent be 30 °～90.
7, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described diameter from top to bottom the slit outlet pitch diameter of the taper atomization gas outlet hole (10) of convergent be φ 10～15mm.
8, a kind of reaction-injection moulding automatic scanning atomizer that is suitable for according to claim 1 is characterized in that it also comprises asbestos sticky pad (6), and the upper end face of described catheter metal protecting tube (5) is provided with asbestos sticky pad (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100647798A CN101327517A (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2008-06-20 | Automatic scanning atomizer suitable for spray forming |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2008100647798A CN101327517A (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2008-06-20 | Automatic scanning atomizer suitable for spray forming |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102126024A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Atomizer for spray forming of high-melting-point alloy deposit billets |
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2008
- 2008-06-20 CN CNA2008100647798A patent/CN101327517A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102126024A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Atomizer for spray forming of high-melting-point alloy deposit billets |
| CN102126024B (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-11-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Atomizer for spray forming of high-melting-point alloy deposit billets |
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Open date: 20081224 |