CN101320110B - Tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating - Google Patents
Tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101320110B CN101320110B CN2008100711991A CN200810071199A CN101320110B CN 101320110 B CN101320110 B CN 101320110B CN 2008100711991 A CN2008100711991 A CN 2008100711991A CN 200810071199 A CN200810071199 A CN 200810071199A CN 101320110 B CN101320110 B CN 101320110B
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Abstract
A tunable phase-shift fiber bragg grating relates to a phase-shift fiber bragg grating, in particular to a phase-shift bragg grating with a transmission spectrum with the tunable characteristic, which is based on the fiber bragg grating fabry perot structure. The invention provides a tunable phase-shift fiber bragg grating with fast tuning speed, simple structure, high stability and low cost. The grating is provided with two segments of fiver bragg gratings; a sleeve tube the inner diameter of which is matched with the outer diameter of the fiber bragg grating is inserted into the two segments of the fiber bragg gratings; the gap between the two segments of the fiber bragg gratings is filled with index matched liquid; a gap length adjusting mechanism is arranged in the gap between the two segments of the fiber bragg gratings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fiber Bragg Grating, especially relate to a kind ofly based on Fiber Bragg Grating method amber structure, transmission spectrum has the tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating of tunable characteristic.
Background technology
Phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating (Phase-shifted Fiber Bragg Grating, PS-FBG) be meant the point of discontinuity of in the middle of the conventional fiber Bragg grating, introducing the variation of single (or a plurality of) photon-induced refractive index, caused the transition of raster phase, its transmission spectrum will have been opened a transmission peaks that (or a plurality of) are very narrow at cloth loudspeaker lattice stopband, therefore have extraordinary wavelength selectivity.Usually said π-phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating is exactly to change half grating cycle of sudden change at Fiber Bragg Grating center position photon-induced refractive index.Can directly inscribe PS-FBG (referring to document: R.Kashyap with phase mask plate, et al, UV written reflectiongrating structures in photosensitive optical fibres using phase-shifted phase masks, 1994, Electronics Letters, 30 (23): 1977), but the characteristic of prepared PS-FBG depends on mask plate fully, lack dirigibility, and mask plate costs an arm and a leg; Also can pass through (referring to document: J.Canning the Bragg grating uv-exposure, et al, π-phase-shifted periodic distributed structures in optical fibres by UV post-processing, ElectronicsLetters, 1994,30 (16): 1344), heating is (referring to document: D.Uttamchandani, et al, Phase shifted Bragggratings formed in optical fibres by post-fabrication thermal processing, Optics Communications, 1996,200) etc. 127 (4): post-processing approach is made PS-FBG, but post-processing approach is restive usually, and repeatability is bad.The phase-shift phase of the PS-FBG that these methods make is fixed, so its transmission spectrum does not have tuning performance.Usually heating effect of current that can be by nickel-chromium resistance wire is (referring to document: M.Janos, et al, Permanent and transient resonancesthermally induced in optical fiber Bragg gratings, Electronics Letters, 1995,31 (12): 1007), little heating head array is (referring to document: S.Gupta, et al, Computer Control of Fiber Bragg Grating SpectralCharacteristics Using a Thermal Head, 1997, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 15 (10): 1925) and the thermal effect of pumping erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber (referring to document: Y.C.Lai, et al, Optically tunable fiber gratingtransmission filters, Optics Letters, 2003,2446) etc. 28 (24): technology changes the size of the phase-shift phase of PS-FBG, thus tuning its transmission spectrum characteristic.The thermo-optic effect that these methods all are based on optical fiber realizes that phase shift is tuning, so response speed is slow, and system architecture complexity, stability and poor reliability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to exist response speed slow at the tuning means of existing phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating, system architecture complexity, deficiencies such as stability and poor reliability, provide a kind of tuned speed fast, simple in structure, stability is high, the tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating that cost is low.
The present invention is provided with two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, in two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, insert the sleeve pipe of internal diameter and Fiber Bragg Grating external diameter coupling, index-matching fluid is filled in gap between two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, establish the gap length governor motion in the gap between two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, i.e. mechanical tuning device.
The cycle of described two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, length and photon-induced refractive index change preferably all identical.The end face of described two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings is preferably flat end face.Described sleeve pipe can be selected porcelain bushing, glass bushing or metal sleeve etc. for use.Gap length governor motion between described two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings can be regulated with piezoelectric ceramics or other physical construction.
Can determine cycle of grating according to required operation wavelength, its size equals the effective refractive index of 1/2 operation wavelength divided by optical fiber; Live width and wavelength tuning range thereof according to required transmission peaks can be determined the grating reflection rate, and then can determine the size that the length of grating and photon-induced refractive index change, the PS-FBG that generally uses photon-induced refractive index changes greatly, length is lacked grating to make can obtain greatly wavelength tuning range and narrower live width.In order to guarantee the consistance of two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, can use identical optical fiber, phase mask plate and inscription condition, also one section Fiber Bragg Grating can be cut into identical two sections from center position with cutter.Insertion loss when docking in order to reduce by two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, after can be with the processing of the end face of two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings smooth, insert the sleeve pipe of internal diameter and optical fiber external diameter coupling, and index-matching fluid is filled in the gap between two sections gratings, and index-matching fluid covers the end face of two sections gratings.
The present invention can realize the tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating of a kind of transmission spectrum characteristic by regulating the gap length between two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings.When gap length increased gradually, the transmission peaks of this PS-FBG was drifted about to short wavelength's direction by the long wavelength in cloth loudspeaker lattice stopband, and had periodically.The tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating that utilizes the present invention to propose can be realized stable, that wavelength selectivity is good, tunable optically filtering function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 and 3 is respectively the transmission peaks wavelength of the embodiment of the invention 1 and 2 designed tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical gratings and the relation of the gap length between two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings.In Fig. 2 and 3, horizontal ordinate is two sections gap length (Gap length)/μ m between the Fiber Bragg Grating, and ordinate is transmission peaks wavelength (Transmissive peak wavelength)/nm.
Figure 4 and 5 are respectively the typical transmission spectrum of the embodiment of the invention 1 and 2 designed tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical gratings.In Figure 4 and 5, horizontal ordinate is optical wavelength (Wavelength)/nm, and ordinate is transmission spectrum (TransmissionSpectra)/dB.
Embodiment
Following examples will the present invention is further illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is provided with two periods cycles, length and photon-induced refractive index and changes identical Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2 and sleeve pipe 3, the external diameter coupling of the internal diameter of sleeve pipe 3 and Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2, the length of sleeve pipe 3 is than the long 1～2cm of length sum of Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2.Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and two end faces of 2 are smooth.Sleeve pipe 3 adopts glass or stupalith.Fiber Bragg Grating 1 inserts sleeve pipe 3, and the end face of Fiber Bragg Grating 1 is positioned at the center position of sleeve pipe 3, with glue with Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and sleeve pipe 3 adhesive solidifications.Inject (can cover the grating end face) index-matching fluid 4 in sleeve pipe 3 centre positions, the end face of Fiber Bragg Grating 1 contacts fully with index-matching fluid 4.Fiber Bragg Grating 2 inserts sleeve pipes 3, and the end face of Fiber Bragg Grating 2 contact fully with index-matching fluid 4, and with the end face maintenance certain clearance of Fiber Bragg Grating 1, the length in gap is greater than zero and smaller or equal to 100 μ m.With glue sleeve pipe 3 and Fiber Bragg Grating 2 are distinguished the two ends of adhesive solidifications at piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) 5.
The relation of the gap length between the transmission peaks wavelength of the embodiment of the invention 1 and 2 designed tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical gratings and the two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings is referring to Fig. 2 and 3.The typical transmission spectrum of the embodiment of the invention 1 and 2 designed tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical gratings is referring to Figure 4 and 5.Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2 length are 5mm, and the cycle is 526.46nm, and photon-induced refractive index changes and is 9.5 * 10
-5, the refractive index of the effective refractive index of grating and index-matching fluid 4 is 1.455, and therefore the centre wavelength of corresponding grating is 1532.099nm.When the gap length between Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2 end faces changes to 0.5 μ m by 0.025 μ m, the transmission peaks wavelength of phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating by the 1532.186nm linear change to 1532.012nm; When the gap length between Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2 end faces changes to 99.95 μ m by 99.625 μ m, the transmission peaks wavelength of phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating by the 1532.165nm linear change to 1532.016nm.When tunable phase shift grating gap was respectively 0.15 μ m, 0.25 μ m, 0.35 μ m, typical transmission spectrum curve as shown in Figure 4; When tunable phase shift grating gap was respectively 99.7 μ m, 99.75 μ m, 99.8 μ m, typical transmission spectrum curve as shown in Figure 5.
For the tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating made from said method, piezoelectric ceramics 5 positive and negative electrode between insert DC voltage.If insert positive voltage, piezoelectric ceramics 5 will extend, and voltage is big more, and elongation is big more; If insert negative voltage, piezoelectric ceramics 5 will shrink, and absolute value of voltage is big more, and amount of contraction is big more.Therefore,, can change the gap length between Fiber Bragg Grating 1 and 2 end faces, and then change the size of two sections phase-shift phases between the grating, thereby realize the tuning of phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating transmission peaks wavelength by regulating the polarity and the size of DC voltage.
The used tuning structure of the present invention is a piezoelectric ceramics, also can come gap length between tunable fiber Bragg grating 1 and 2 end faces by other physical construction.For example control magnetostriction materials with the intensity of electromagnetic field.Perhaps two gratings are positioned on the accurate translation stage and axially align, regulate gap between the grating by manual or motor.Or other mechanical tuning structures.
Claims (3)
1. tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating, it is characterized in that being provided with two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, in two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, insert the sleeve pipe of internal diameter and Fiber Bragg Grating external diameter coupling, index-matching fluid is filled in gap between two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, establish the gap length governor motion in the gap between two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, the refractive index of described index-matching fluid is 1.455;
The cycle of described two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings, length and photon-induced refractive index change all identical, and the end face of described two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings is a flat end face, and the cycle of described grating is the effective refractive index of 1/2 operation wavelength divided by single-mode fiber.
2. tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described sleeve pipe is porcelain bushing, glass bushing or metal sleeve.
3. tunable phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical grating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the gap length governor motion between described two sections Fiber Bragg Gratings is a piezoelectric ceramics.
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| CN102829806B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-12-10 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Optical fiber sensing system based on phase-shifted optical fiber grating |
| CN102914516A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-06 | 中国计量学院 | Method and device for sensing volatile organic compound based on long-period grating of photonic crystal fiber |
| WO2019095244A1 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2019-05-23 | 深圳大学 | Preparation method and device for phase-shift fiber bragg gratings, and phase-shift fiber bragg gratings |
| CN110646878A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-01-03 | 北京信息科技大学 | Rapid preparation method of phase-shift Bragg fiber grating |
| CN112711094A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-27 | 昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司 | Non-contact jumper wire measuring method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5732169A (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1998-03-24 | Alcatel Submarcom | Filter for guided light, and an optical link including the filter |
| CN2593217Y (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-17 | 上海紫珊光电技术有限公司 | Tunable optical fiber FP filter |
| CN1547048A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Tunable Fabri-Paro cavity filter and preparation method thereof |
| CN2670959Y (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-01-12 | 华中科技大学 | Fibre-optical tunable wave filter |
| CN101183163A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2008-05-21 | 北京理工大学 | Turnning optical fibre method Fabry-perot filter |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5732169A (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1998-03-24 | Alcatel Submarcom | Filter for guided light, and an optical link including the filter |
| CN2593217Y (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-17 | 上海紫珊光电技术有限公司 | Tunable optical fiber FP filter |
| CN1547048A (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2004-11-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Tunable Fabri-Paro cavity filter and preparation method thereof |
| CN2670959Y (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-01-12 | 华中科技大学 | Fibre-optical tunable wave filter |
| CN101183163A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2008-05-21 | 北京理工大学 | Turnning optical fibre method Fabry-perot filter |
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