CN101316320A - Image processing method for image processing system and related image processing device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种于用于一图像处理系统的图像处理方法及其相关图像处理装置,尤其涉及一种可有效抑制调升过度及背景噪声的图像处理方法及其相关图像处理装置。The present invention relates to an image processing method used in an image processing system and its related image processing device, in particular to an image processing method and its related image processing device which can effectively suppress excessive upscaling and background noise.
背景技术 Background technique
在已知数字图像处理系统中,图像处理器可能会对数字图像信号进行隔行至逐行扫描转换(针对交错类型的信号而言)、图像缩放处理、位移和边缘检测与插补以及色彩空间转换等等。这些图像处理中有某些运作需使用低通内插滤波器,会造成图像锐利度降低。例如,在NTSC规格的电视广播信号显示系统中,以交错的隔行扫描方式来显示图像数据。隔行扫描方式因应传统阴极射线管(CRT)的运作特性而产生,用以于每一画面的显示过程中扫描显示屏两次,工作原理是将一图像画面分割成两个图场,其中一图场由奇数扫描线组成,而另一图场则由偶数扫描线组成。至于隔行扫描到逐行扫描的转换,由于其转换过程中会利用到低通滤波处理,故会降低逐行扫描后的图像锐利度。此外,图像缩放处理也会造成图像锐利度降低的情形。图像缩放处理放大或缩小一特定格式的图像,以使其符合另一种格式。例如,画面长宽比为4∶3的标准NTSC图像必须进行水平及垂直缩放处理,才能显示在长宽比为16∶9的显示屏上。亦即,电视接收到的信号必须经过缩放处理,以产生符合所欲显示的格式的图像数据。此一运作过程同样包含有低通内插的处理程序,故亦会导致缩放后的图像锐利度降低的问题。In known digital image processing systems, the image processor may perform interlaced to progressive scan conversion (for interlaced type signals), image scaling processing, displacement and edge detection and interpolation, and color space conversion of the digital image signal etc. Some of these image processing operations require the use of low-pass interpolation filters, resulting in reduced image sharpness. For example, in a television broadcast signal display system of the NTSC standard, image data is displayed in an interlaced scanning method. The interlaced scanning method is produced in response to the operating characteristics of the traditional cathode ray tube (CRT). It is used to scan the display screen twice during the display of each picture. The working principle is to divide an image picture into two fields, one of which is One field consists of odd scan lines, while the other field consists of even scan lines. As for the conversion from interlaced scanning to progressive scanning, since low-pass filtering is used in the conversion process, the sharpness of the image after progressive scanning will be reduced. In addition, the image scaling process will also result in a reduction in image sharpness. Image scaling is the process of enlarging or reducing an image in one format to fit another format. For example, a standard NTSC image with an aspect ratio of 4:3 must be scaled horizontally and vertically to be displayed on a display with an aspect ratio of 16:9. That is, the signal received by the TV must be scaled to produce image data in the format to be displayed. This operation process also includes a low-pass interpolation process, which also causes the problem of reduced sharpness of the scaled image.
一般而言,任何包含有低通内插滤波特性的图像处理过程,都会导致部分图像细节的损失。因此,已知技术通常会在图像数据处理过程的某些环节当中,增加控制图像锐利度的步骤。常见的方式是利用峰化(Peaking)处理来使图像中的边缘部位更加锐利化,以加强图像边缘的视觉效果。然而,已知的峰化处理程序却往往会导致图像的边缘部位有调升过度(overshoot)的不良情形发生,因而降低了图像的画质。Generally speaking, any image processing process that includes low-pass interpolation filtering will result in the loss of some image details. Therefore, the known technology usually adds a step of controlling the sharpness of the image in some links of the image data processing process. A common method is to use peaking (Peaking) processing to sharpen the edge parts in the image, so as to enhance the visual effect of the edge of the image. However, the known peaking process often results in an undesired situation of overshooting at the edge of the image, thus degrading the quality of the image.
请参考图1,图1为已知锐利化控制单元10的方块图。锐利化控制单元10包含有一高通滤波器100、一核化(Coring)运算单元102、一乘法器104及一加法器106。高通滤波器100会对输入图像信号进行高通滤波处理。接着,核化运算单元102对滤波后的图像信号进行非线性核化函数运算,其所对应的输入及输出关系如图2所示。由图2可知,只有在噪声水平(以阈值Th表示)两旁的数据才会被用到,以消除数据中的噪声,并将低于阈值的数据降至0。接着,乘法器104将核化运算单元102的运算结果乘上一缩放因子(Scaling Factor,又称为增益)SF以增加或降低信号量值,然后再与原始的图像进行合并。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a block diagram of a known
在锐利化控制单元10,高频的信息会通过高通滤波器100,故前述的锐利度调整程序会加强图像中较高频的边缘,亦即,仅有点状物和对角线的部分会有加强的效果。换句话说,锐利化控制单元10可大幅增强硬边缘(HardEdge)的锐利度,但对于软边缘(Soft Edge)的锐利度增强效果则非常有限。此处所称的软边缘指视觉上并非特别显著的边缘,如图像中较为模糊的边缘或是由些微亮度变化所形成的图像边缘。硬边缘则指在视觉上非常明显而清晰可见的边缘,如强烈对比或剧烈亮度变化所形成的图像边缘。图1的锐利化控制单元100会利用乘法器104调整图像信号的增益。由于高通滤波器100滤波后的图像信号中与软边缘相对应的成分是非常小的值,即使调整了增益,软边缘部分的图像锐利度亦仅能获得相当有限的增强效果。相反地,滤波后的图像信号中与硬边缘相对应的成分是非常大的值,在调整了增益之后,硬边缘部分的图像锐利度能获得非常显著的增强效果。但这不是理想的情况,因为硬边缘在定义上原本就是原始图像中非常清晰可见的边缘,故实际上应该加强的部分是软边缘的部分。然而,倘若将缩放因子SF提升到足以有效加强软边缘的水平,则会导致硬边缘部分的图像产生调升过度(Overshoot)且背景噪声亦会被放大。因此,为了避免造成图像硬边缘部分产生调升过度的不良结果,已知的锐利化控制单元100仅能提供软边缘相当有限的锐利度增强效果。In the sharpening
发明内容 Contents of the invention
因此,本发明的主要目的即在于提供用于一图像处理系统的图像处理方法及其相关图像处理装置。Therefore, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an image processing method for an image processing system and a related image processing device.
本发明披露一种用于一图像处理系统的图像处理方法,用以提升经锐利化处理后的图像的质量,包含有接收多个原始图像数据;对该多个原始图像数据进行锐利化处理,以产生多个锐利化图像数据;根据该多个原始图像数据,调整该多个锐利化图像数据;以及输出调整后的该多个锐利化图像数据。The present invention discloses an image processing method used in an image processing system to improve the quality of a sharpened image, including receiving a plurality of original image data; performing sharpening processing on the plurality of original image data, to generate a plurality of sharpened image data; adjust the plurality of sharpened image data according to the plurality of original image data; and output the adjusted plurality of sharpened image data.
本发明还披露一种用于一图像处理系统的图像处理装置,用以提升经锐利化处理后的图像的质量,包含有一接收端,用来接收多个原始图像数据;一锐利化控制单元,耦接于该接收端,用来对该多个原始图像数据进行锐利化处理,以产生多个锐利化图像数据;一锐利化补偿单元,耦接于该接收端与该锐利化控制单元,用来根据该多个原始图像数据,调整该多个锐利化图像数据;以及一输出端,耦接于该锐利化补偿单元,用来输出调整后的该多个锐利化图像数据。The present invention also discloses an image processing device used in an image processing system to improve the quality of the sharpened image, including a receiving end for receiving a plurality of original image data; a sharpening control unit, coupled to the receiving end, for sharpening the plurality of original image data to generate a plurality of sharpened image data; a sharpening compensation unit, coupled to the receiving end and the sharpening control unit, for adjusting the plurality of sharpened image data according to the plurality of original image data; and an output terminal coupled to the sharpening compensation unit for outputting the adjusted sharpened image data.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为已知锐利化控制单元的方块图。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a known sharpening control unit.
图2为非线性核化函数运算所对应的输入及输出关系示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between input and output corresponding to the operation of the nonlinear kernelization function.
图3为本发明实施例用于一图像处理系统的图像处理流程的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an image processing flow for an image processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明实施例用于一图像处理系统的图像处理装置的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an image processing device used in an image processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图符号说明Description of reference symbols
10 锐利化控制单元10 Sharpening control unit
100 高通滤波器100 High Pass Filter
102 核化运算单元102 Coreized operation unit
104 乘法器104 Multiplier
106 加法器106 Adder
30 图像处理流程30 Image processing flow
300、302、304、306、308、310 步骤300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310 steps
40 图像处理装置40 Image processing device
400 接收端400 Receiver
402 锐利化控制单元402 Sharpening control unit
404 锐利化补偿单元404 Sharpening compensation unit
406 输出端406 output terminal
IN(m)~IN(n) 原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n) Raw image data
IN_S(m)~IN_S(n) 锐利化图像数据IN_S(m)~IN_S(n) Sharpen image data
OUT 调整结果OUT Adjustment result
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
请参考图3,图3为本发明实施例用于一图像处理系统的图像处理流程30的示意图。图像处理流程30可提升经锐利化处理后的图像质量,其包含以下步骤:Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of an
步骤300:开始。Step 300: start.
步骤302:接收多个原始图像数据。Step 302: Receive a plurality of original image data.
步骤304:对该多个原始图像数据进行锐利化处理,以产生多个锐利化图像数据。Step 304: Perform sharpening processing on the plurality of original image data to generate a plurality of sharpened image data.
步骤306:根据该多个原始图像数据,调整该多个锐利化图像数据。Step 306: Adjust the sharpened image data according to the original image data.
步骤308:输出调整后的该多个锐利化图像数据。Step 308: Output the adjusted sharpened image data.
步骤310:结束。Step 310: end.
根据图像处理流程30,本发明于原始图像数据经锐利化处理后,根据原始图像数据的值,调整锐利化图像数据。换句话说,当原始图像数据经锐化处理后,本发明会根据原始图像数据,调整锐利化后的图像数据,以避免调升过度并防止背景噪声被放大。According to the
在图像处理流程30中,步骤304对原始图像数据进行锐利化处理,其可以任何锐利化处理流程实现,如先将原始图像数据进行高通滤波运算及核化运算后,再将核化运算结果乘以一增益值并与原始图像数据累加,以产生锐利化图像数据。另外,较佳地,步骤306根据原始图像数据的最大值与最小值,调整经锐利化处理后的图像数据。举例来说,若一锐利化图像数据的值大于多个原始图像数据的最大值时,可将该锐利化图像数据的值设为该多个原始图像数据的最大值或将该锐利化图像数据的值除以一默认值,以衰减该锐利化图像数据的值。相反地,若一锐利化图像数据的值小于多个原始图像数据的最小值时,则可将该锐利化图像数据的值设为该多个原始图像数据的最小值或将该锐利化图像数据的值乘以一默认值,以放大该锐利化图像数据的值。如此一来,可避免调升过度及背景噪声被放大的问题。In the
在已知技术中,当通过提升缩放因子(即增益值)以加强软边缘时,硬边缘部分的图像会产生调升过度的现象,且背景噪声亦会被放大,因而造成图像质量下降。相较之下,本发明根据原始图像数据的极值,适度调整锐利化后的数据。因此,当提升软边缘部分图像的强度时,本发明可抑制硬边缘部分的图像产生调升过度的现象,并避免背景噪声被放大。In the known technology, when the soft edge is enhanced by increasing the scaling factor (ie, the gain value), the hard edge part of the image will be over-scaled, and the background noise will also be amplified, resulting in image quality degradation. In contrast, the present invention moderately adjusts the sharpened data according to the extremum of the original image data. Therefore, when the intensity of the soft-edge image is increased, the present invention can suppress the phenomenon of over-amplification of the image of the hard-edge, and prevent the background noise from being amplified.
关于图像处理流程30的硬件实现,请参考图4,图4为本发明实施例用于一图像处理系统的一图像处理装置40的示意图。图像处理装置40可提升经锐利化处理后的图像质量,其包含有一接收端400、一锐利化控制单元402、一锐利化补偿单元404及一输出端406。在图像处理装置40中,锐利化控制单元402用以对接收端400所接收的原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n)进行锐利化处理,以产生锐利化图像数据IN_S(m)~IN_S(n),而锐利化补偿单元404则根据原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n)调整锐利化图像数据IN_S(m)~IN_S(n),并通过输出端406输出调整结果OUT。因此,当原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n)经锐利化控制单元402锐化处理后,锐利化补偿单元404会根据原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n),调整锐利化后的图像数据IN_S(m)~IN_S(n),以避免调升过度并防止背景噪声被放大。Regarding the hardware implementation of the
在图4中,锐利化控制单元402可以是任何可实现锐利化运算的电路或装置等,如图1的锐利化控制单元10。另一方面,较佳地,锐利化补偿单元404根据原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n)的最大值与最小值,调整锐利化图像数据IN_S(m)~IN_S(n)。举例来说,若一锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值大于原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n)的一最大值MAX时,可将锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值设为最大值MAX,以衰减锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值;相反地,若锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值小于原始图像数据IN(m)~IN(n)的最小值MIN时,则可将锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值设为最小值MIN,以放大该锐利化图像数据的值。在此情形下,锐利化补偿单元404可以以下程序代码实现(相关函式运算为业界所已知,不再赘述):In FIG. 4 , the sharpening
MAX=max(IN(m),IN(m+1),...IN(n-1),IN(n))MAX=max(IN(m), IN(m+1), ...IN(n-1), IN(n))
MIN=min(IN(m),IN(m+1),...IN(n-1),IN(n))MIN=min(IN(m), IN(m+1),...IN(n-1), IN(n))
if(IN_S(i)>MAX)if(IN_S(i)>MAX)
OUT=MAX;OUT=MAX;
else if(IN_S(i)<MIN)else if(IN_S(i)<MIN)
OUT=MIN;OUT=MIN;
elseelse
OUT=IN_S(i);OUT=IN_S(i);
endend
除此之外,也可在锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值大于最大值MAX时,将锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值除以一默认值,以及在锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值小于最小值MIN时,将锐利化图像数据IN_S(i)的值乘以该默认值,则对应的程序代码如下:In addition, when the value of the sharpened image data IN_S(i) is greater than the maximum value MAX, the value of the sharpened image data IN_S(i) can be divided by a default value, and when the value of the sharpened image data IN_S(i) ) is smaller than the minimum value MIN, multiply the value of the sharpened image data IN_S(i) by the default value, and the corresponding program code is as follows:
MAX=max(IN(m),IN(m+1),...IN(n-1),IN(n))MAX=max(IN(m), IN(m+1), ... IN(n-1), IN(n))
MIN=min(IN(m),IN(m+1),...IN(n-1),IN(n))MIN=min(IN(m), IN(m+1),...IN(n-1), IN(n))
if(IN_S(i)>MAX)if(IN_S(i)>MAX)
OUT=IN_S(i)/A;OUT=IN_S(i)/A;
else if(IN_S(i)<MIN)else if(IN_S(i)<MIN)
OUT=IN_S(i)*B;OUT=IN_S(i)*B;
elseelse
OUT=IN_S(i);OUT=IN_S(i);
endend
其中,A、B表示默认值。Among them, A and B represent default values.
特别注意的是,上述程序代码仅为实现锐利化补偿单元404的实施例,本领域技术人员可设计符合需求的电路、程序代码等,而不限于此。It should be noted that the above program code is only an embodiment for implementing the sharpening
综上所述,本发明根据原始图像数据的极值,适度调整锐利化后的数据。因此,当提升软边缘部分图像的强度时,本发明可有效抑制硬边缘部分的图像产生调升过度的现象,并避免背景噪声被放大。To sum up, the present invention moderately adjusts the sharpened data according to the extreme value of the original image data. Therefore, when the intensity of the soft-edge image is increased, the present invention can effectively suppress the phenomenon that the hard-edge image is over-upgraded, and prevent background noise from being amplified.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明权利要求所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
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TWI490818B (en) * | 2013-01-02 | 2015-07-01 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Method and system for weighted image enhancement |
CN103165100A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-06-19 | 华映视讯(吴江)有限公司 | Weight type image enhancing method and system |
CN103165100B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-12-31 | 华映视讯(吴江)有限公司 | Weight type image enhancing method and system |
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