CN101315985B - Microbiological fuel cell pile - Google Patents
Microbiological fuel cell pile Download PDFInfo
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- CN101315985B CN101315985B CN2008100292216A CN200810029221A CN101315985B CN 101315985 B CN101315985 B CN 101315985B CN 2008100292216 A CN2008100292216 A CN 2008100292216A CN 200810029221 A CN200810029221 A CN 200810029221A CN 101315985 B CN101315985 B CN 101315985B
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- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- CRZONOFOLSLKLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C12=CC=C(N1)C=C1C=CC(=N1)C=C1C=CC(N1)=CC=1C=CC(N1)=C2.C2(=CC=CC=C2)[Co] Chemical compound C12=CC=C(N1)C=C1C=CC(=N1)C=C1C=CC(N1)=CC=1C=CC(N1)=C2.C2(=CC=CC=C2)[Co] CRZONOFOLSLKLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbiological fuel cell stack, comprising a plurality of microbiological fuel cell singletons; the microbiological fuel cell singleton comprises a hollow framework, a film anode and an anode; the film cathode enwraps the hollow framework to form an anode chamber; the anode is arranged in the anode chamber; conductive wires are respectively guided out of the film cathode and the anode; a plurality of microbiological cell singletons are connected end to end by a pipeline; all anode chambers are communicated with each other; the cell stack is provided with a material inlet and a material outlet. The microbiological fuel cell stack of the invention overcomes the shortage that the structure and the running type of the existing microbiological fuel cell are not beneficial to the extension and amplification and the cost is high, and has the advantages of easy extension, uniform material feeding and material outgoing, compact structure, low manufacture cost, high output power compactness, and good COD removal effect, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment and technical field of new energies, be specifically related to a kind of microbiological fuel cell pile.
Background technology
It is two challenges greatly that the world today faces that energy scarcity and organic waste are disposed.
Microbiological fuel cell (MFC) is the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) that the chemical energy in the organic substance is converted into electric energy, has generating and waste treatment double effects.The fuel type of MFC is extensive, sanitary sewage, high concentrated organic wastewater, human and animal excreta etc. all can be used as the fuel of MFC, it can effectively remove organic substance in electrogenesis, therefore be an advanced biomass energy utilization technologies that development potentiality is huge, be expected to become the pillar technology that following debirs are handled.
The basic principle of MFC is: organic substance acts as a fuel in the anaerobism anode chamber by microbiological oxidation, the electricity that produces is in caught and pass to galvanic anode by microbe, electronics arrives negative electrode by external circuit, thereby form the loop and produce electric current, and proton arrives negative electrode by exchange membrane, with the oxygen water generation reaction.The general structure of existing microbiological fuel cell is: cathode and anode two Room, and cathode chamber adopts the ventilating mode oxygen supply, and anode keeps anaerobic state, and the centre is separated by barrier film.Number of patent application is to disclose a kind of microbiological fuel cell respectively in 200710144804.9 and 200710144550.0 the patent application, and is specifically related to the selecting for use of setting, catalyst of electrode and lead; Number of patent application is to disclose a kind of microbiological cell device in 200610104081.5 the patent application, fits and form the film negative electrode in a surface that has been specifically related to surface of plate-like cathode and barrier film; Or the like.But the output voltage of existing MFC battery cell or electric current can not satisfy practical application far away, thereby must be assembled into the amplification that battery pile realizes MFC by the serial or parallel connection mode.
The amplification of MFC is a MFC through engineering approaches key in application.How the MFC battery cell being amplified to the MFC battery pile is a system engineering, is faced with great challenge.
Patent CN101034754A discloses a kind of stackable air cathode single chamber MFC, is the thin board type structure, and two groups of membrane electrode common anode chambers have reduced cell thickness, and its shape is convenient to pile up.But should design adopt expensive proton exchange membrane structure MFC, cost is too high, though particularly Guan Jian problem is that each monomer M FC can pile up, and each monomer M FC difference input and output material when piling up, its operational mode is difficult to promote in actual applications.
In sum, there is following defective in tradition MFC: 1) design concept comes from Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), adopt expensive proton exchange membrane as barrier film, because the power output of MFC uses the MFC of proton exchange membrane obviously not possess practical value than low approximately 2～3 orders of magnitude of PEMFC; 2) the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction needed continues ventilation oxygen-supplying, makes the oxygen supply power consumption surpass the output electric energy, and MFC can't realize that the oneself keeps operation.U.S. environment engineering scientist Logan proposed air cathode single chamber MFC configuration first in 2005, saved cathode chamber, adopted air, made clean production capacity become possibility by the pneumatic aeration oxygen supply, but this MFC is confined to battery cell at present, and it piles up with amplification and all has difficulty; 3) battery structure and operational mode are unfavorable for amplifying.MFC must solve advancing/ging wrong of fuel as a kind of potential debirs disposal technology, i.e. outflow mode after the entering and handle of debirs.The highest serial number of the existing MFC battery pile of having reported is 6, but 6 cells are distinguished charging, discharging respectively, and this mode does not possess operation possibility if be used for waste water treatment.
Therefore, realize that the amplification of MFC and through engineering approaches application must at first solve following technical bottleneck: 1) reduce the MFC cost significantly, change design concept, adopt low-cost membrane material to replace expensive proton exchange membrane; 2) design is total to the MFC battery pile of the multistage series/parallel of anolyte, unifies charging and discharging problem to solve fuel, realizes the lifting of voltage/current simultaneously.But have not yet to see relevant technology report.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome that existing microbiological fuel cell structure and operational mode are unfavorable for expanding and amplification and the high shortcoming of cost, a kind of microbiological fuel cell pile is provided, and described battery pile has easy expansion, unified charging and discharging, compact conformation, cheap, advantage such as output power density is high, COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal effect is good.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of microbiological fuel cell pile is provided, comprises several microbiological fuel cell monomers, described microbiological fuel cell monomer comprises skeleton, film negative electrode and the anode of hollow out, and the skeleton of film negative electrode parcel hollow out forms the anode chamber, and anode places in the anode chamber; Derive from film negative electrode, anode with lead respectively; Described several microbiological fuel cell monomers are end to end by pipeline, and each anode chamber is interconnected; Described pipeline is provided with a charging aperture and a discharging opening.
Described several microbiological fuel cell monomers can be arranged on the straight pipeline, and pipeline one end is a charging aperture, and an end is a discharging opening; As preferably, described pipeline also comprises bend pipe, and some pipelines are in turn connected to form the coiled structure by some bend pipes; Described several microbiological fuel cell monomers are arranged at pipeline and spatially vertical, the horizontal or layering setting by the pipeline connection of coiled structure, obtain better amplification effect.
Described skeleton can with the pipeline one, promptly on pipeline, get one section hollow out successively as skeleton, 2～20cm at interval between skeleton and the skeleton.Pipeline adopts inexpensive insulation tubing to process, preferred pvc pipe.Described hollow out can adopt the habitual mode of prior art, for example opens groove, boring etc., and the shape in hole does not have specific (special) requirements.The present invention preferably holes, and can to select diameter for use be the pvc pipe of 5～20cm, and the pipeline section of choosing length at interval and be 10～30cm on pvc pipe is holed on the skeleton pipeline section as monomer M FC skeleton, bore dia 0.5～2cm, and density is about every square metre 100～3000 hole.
Described film negative electrode can adopt the cathode material (carbon cloth or carbon paper, preferred carbon cloth) of appendix catalyst to form with barrier film hot pressing, and in order to reduce cost, the present invention adopts low-cost film, as anion/cation exchange membrane, NF membrane or high strength microporous footpath filter cloth etc.Catalyst is selected for use according to existing routine techniques, for example platinum, pyrolysis ferrous phthalocyanine (pyr-FePc) or tetramethoxy phenyl cobalt porphyrin (CoTMPP).Film negative electrode manufacture method is as follows: take by weighing an amount of carbon and carry platinum powder end, pyr-FePc or CoTMPP and add water-wet, add isopropyl alcohol dispersant and stir into pasty state with Nafion solution, evenly be coated on dry carbon cloth after the ultrasonic dispersion, vacuumize promptly gets carries the platinum carbon cloth; This carbon cloth and barrier film were promptly got the film negative electrode in 5～10 minutes 115～120 ℃ of following hot pressing.
Described anode is selected the bigger serface electric conducting material for use, can select for use with reference to prior art, for example graphite granule, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon fiber brush etc.
Anode material is placed battery skeleton inner anode chamber, and with film negative electrode parcel boring tubing, film cathodic coating side is close to pvc pipe interior, carbon cloth towards air, is derived anode and cathode with lead respectively outside, promptly gets monomer M FC.Realize vertical in the space, the horizontal or layered arrangement of monomer M FC by being provided with of pipeline connected mode, and it is described each monomer M FC is end to end by pipeline, thereby all MFC anode chambers are communicated with, and can promptly get battery pile as required with each monomer M FC serial or parallel connection.
Waste water is pumped into by the pipeline charging aperture, stops charging after being full of pipeline, connects the battery pile loop, the acclimated microorganism electrogenesis; After treating that the battery pile electrogenesis is stable, recover charging, make waste water handle the back step by step and discharge by discharging opening through the more piece cell.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention is the anode chamber with the pipeline of film negative electrode parcel, and negative electrode adopts by the pneumatic aeration oxygen supply, continuously-running, unified charging and discharging, and waste water enters from the mode of an end with plug-flow, handles step by step to other end qualified discharge through the more piece cell; Successfully realize simultaneously the lifting of voltage or electric current.
(2) the present invention need not ventilation power consumption, easy maintenance;
(3) compact conformation of the present invention, floor space is few, and coiled can be expanded.
(4) cost of the present invention is lower, and output power density height, COD removal effect are fit to industry well and apply;
In sum, the invention solves the amplification of MFC and the technical bottleneck that through engineering approaches is used, the processing and the energy recovery that are used for the high debirs of waste water or water content particularly have broad prospect of application at abandoned biomass such as high concentrated organic wastewater, human and animal excretas aspect utilizing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 coiled microbiological fuel cell pile structural representation
The skeleton of Fig. 2 monomer microbiological fuel cell and film cathode construction schematic diagram
Fig. 3 monomer anode of microbial fuel cell chamber organigram
Fig. 4 the present invention is used for the output power curve figure of brewery wastewater treatment
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
The invention provides a kind of microbiological fuel cell pile, be the coiled structure, shown in accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, described microbiological fuel cell pile is made up of several microbiological fuel cell monomers 1, described microbiological fuel cell monomer 1 comprises skeleton 5, film negative electrode 8 and the anode 10 of hollow out, the skeleton 5 of film negative electrode 8 parcel hollow outs forms anode chamber 11, and anode 10 places in the anode chamber 11; With lead cathode and anode is drawn respectively; Described several microbiological fuel cell monomers 1 are end to end by pipeline 2, and each anode chamber is interconnected; Described pipeline 2 is provided with a charging aperture 3 and a discharging opening 4.
Described skeleton 5 can be an one with pipeline, promptly gets one section hollow out successively as skeleton on pipeline, can interval 2～20cm between skeleton and the skeleton.Pipeline adopts inexpensive insulation tubing to process, preferred pvc pipe.Described hollow out can adopt the habitual mode of prior art, the present invention preferably holes, and can select diameter for use is the pvc pipe of 5～20cm, the pipeline section of choosing at interval length and be 10～30cm on pvc pipe is as monomer M FC skeleton, on the skeleton pipeline section, hole, hole 9 diameters, 0.5～2cm, density is about every square metre of skeleton external surface area 100～3000 holes.
Described film negative electrode 8 is made of negative electrode 6 and barrier film 7 hot pressing together.
Described anode 10 is selected the bigger serface electric conducting material for use, as graphite granule, carbon felt, carbon cloth, carbon fiber brush etc.
Waste water enters pipeline 2 by charging aperture 3, and is full of the anode chamber 11 of monomer microbiological fuel cell 2, discharges battery pile to bottom discharging opening 4 after more piece cell 1 is handled step by step.Each monomer M FC anode and cathode all has lead to draw, and can carry out the serial or parallel connection of cell as required.
The coiled microbiological fuel cell pile is an air cathode structure, and cathode material is the carbon cloth 6 of appendix catalyst, and can adopt proton exchange membrane, cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane, NF membrane or high strength microporous footpath filter cloth with the barrier film 7 of its hot pressing.The film negative electrode wraps up on the pvc pipe material that is drilled with aperture 9 (film is interior, and carbon cloth is outside), and the waste water in the anode chamber 11 can directly contact with barrier film 7 by aperture, and the proton in the anolyte passes barrier film 7 and cathode reaction at the aperture place, thus output current.
Present embodiment illustrates microbiological fuel cell pile provided by the invention and adopts the method for this device brewery wastewater treatment.
(1) structure of battery pile
As shown in Figure 1, with the caliber be 5cm pvc pipe at interval the section of getting as skeleton 5, skeleton 5 long 13cm.Every pvc pipe is arranged five monomer microbiological fuel cells 1, five monomer microbiological fuel cell 1 anode chambers communicate and are end to end successively by the connection of pipeline, article two, described pvc pipe is placed composition one deck side by side, adopt six described pvc pipes to be arranged to three layers shown in the accompanying drawing 1, be communicated with described six pvc pipes successively by bend pipe 12, and article one and the 6th 's a end is set to charging aperture 3 and discharging opening 4 respectively.Such 30 joint monomer microbiological fuel cells are totally three layers of composition battery pile, connect between each monomer M FC.The pvc pipe number that present embodiment provides is one and simply exemplifies, and does not therefore limit the present invention, and the pvc pipe number can be an Any Digit in theory, and it is definite to depend on actual need.
Wherein, it is as follows to carry platinum carbon cloth preparation process:
1, clip carbon cloth (long 16cm, wide 13cm);
2, take by weighing 20% carbon and carry platinum powder end 0.12g in measuring cup, it is wetting to add water 0.3mL, adds 12mL isopropyl alcohol dispersant again, adds 5% (mass fraction) Nafion solution 0.46mL then and stirs into pasty state, ultrasonic dispersion 30 minutes;
3, with brush pasty mixture is coated on the dry carbon cloth equably, promptly made in 3 hours in 100 ℃ of vacuumizes and carry the platinum carbon cloth.
Lead is drawn respectively from the cathode and anode of monomer M FC 1, each monomer M FC series connection.
(2) battery pile starts operation and continuous electrogenesis of beer waste water and treatment effect
The above-mentioned battery pile of the present invention can start operation in 15～35 ℃ of environment of room temperature.When starting battery pile, close discharging opening 4, there is the beer waste water (COD is 3010mg/L) of electrogenesis microorganism seed to pump in the pipe inoculation by charging aperture 3, beer waste water in pipe along the direction of arrow toward discharging opening 4 direction plug-flows, stop into water after being full of battery pile, connect cell circuit, the load extrernal resistance is 1000 Ω.Treat that input voltage rises to 5V when above, shows that battery pile starts successfully.Open discharging opening 4, continue to pump into beer waste water by charging aperture 3, adjust flow, keeping the hydraulic detention time of waste water is 24 hours.The operation result in 1 year shows by a definite date, described battery pile when handling waste water, electrogenesis continuously and stably.The water outlet COD that handles the back beer waste water is lower than 200mg/L, and COD clearance peak power output is seen shown in the accompanying drawing 4.
In like manner, of the present invention is in the processing of microbiological fuel cell pile applicable to debirs such as human and animal excreta, sanitary sewages.
Claims (10)
1. microbiological fuel cell pile, comprise several microbiological fuel cell monomers, it is characterized in that described microbiological fuel cell monomer comprises the skeleton of hollow out, film negative electrode and anode, the skeleton of film negative electrode parcel hollow out forms the anode chamber, and anode places in the anode chamber; Derive from film negative electrode, anode with lead respectively; Described several microbiological fuel cell monomers are end to end by pipeline, and each anode chamber is interconnected; Described battery pile is provided with a charging aperture and a discharging opening.
2. according to the described microbiological fuel cell pile of claim 1, it is characterized in that described pipeline also comprises bend pipe, pipeline is in turn connected to form the coiled structure by bend pipe; Described several microbiological fuel cell monomers are connected vertical on the space, horizontal or layering setting by coiled structure pipeline.
3. according to the described microbiological fuel cell pile of claim 1, it is characterized in that described skeleton and pipeline one, on pipeline successively the section of getting hollow out as skeleton, 2～20cm at interval between monomer microbiological fuel cell skeleton and the skeleton.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described microbiological fuel cells, it is characterized in that described pipeline is an insulated pipes used.
5. according to the described microbiological fuel cell pile of claim 4, it is characterized in that described pipeline is a pvc pipe; Described pvc pipe diameter is 5～20cm, and described monomer microbiological fuel cell skeleton length is 10～30cm.
6. according to claim 1 or 3 described microbiological fuel cell piles, it is characterized in that described hollow out adopts boring method.
7. according to the described microbiological fuel cell pile of claim 6, it is characterized in that described bore dia is 0.5～2cm, density is 100～3000 holes of every square metre of skeleton external surface area.
8. according to the described microbiological fuel cell pile of claim 1, it is characterized in that described film negative electrode is formed by the carbon cloth and the amberplex hot pressing of appendix catalyst.
9. described according to Claim 8 microbiological fuel cell pile is characterized in that described hot pressing is 115～120 ℃ of following hot pressing 5～10 minutes.
10. according to the described microbiological fuel cell pile of claim 1, it is characterized in that described anode is graphite granule, carbon felt, carbon cloth or carbon fiber brush.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100292216A CN101315985B (en) | 2008-07-04 | 2008-07-04 | Microbiological fuel cell pile |
| US12/498,023 US9147902B2 (en) | 2008-07-04 | 2009-07-06 | Microbial fuel cell stack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100292216A CN101315985B (en) | 2008-07-04 | 2008-07-04 | Microbiological fuel cell pile |
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| CN101315985A CN101315985A (en) | 2008-12-03 |
| CN101315985B true CN101315985B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101615685B (en) | 2009-07-17 | 2011-10-19 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Method and device for simultaneously achieving in-situ reduction of sediment and microbial electrogenesis |
| CN102557200A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Novel film aeration and microbial fuel cell wastewater treatment system |
| CN105355950B (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2018-03-09 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | A kind of macro-organism cathode microbial fuel cell stack device |
| AU2019295782A1 (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2021-01-21 | Aquacycl Llc | Scalable continuous flow microbial fuel cells |
| CA3131773A1 (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-03 | Aquacycl Llc | Scalable floating micro-aeration unit, devices and methods |
| CN110697872B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-02-01 | 南通大学 | Artificial wetland device of coupling cluster type microbial fuel cell |
| US11604482B2 (en) | 2020-03-16 | 2023-03-14 | Aquacycl, Inc. | Fluid flow control for water treatment systems |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101034754A (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2007-09-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Stackable single cell microbe fuel battery |
| CN101118973A (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Microbiological fuel cell device and battery and use and water treatment system |
| CN201229964Y (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2009-04-29 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Multistage microorganism fuel cell apparatus |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101118973A (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Microbiological fuel cell device and battery and use and water treatment system |
| CN101034754A (en) * | 2006-11-28 | 2007-09-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Stackable single cell microbe fuel battery |
| CN201229964Y (en) * | 2008-07-07 | 2009-04-29 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | Multistage microorganism fuel cell apparatus |
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