CN1013137B - Fuel-injecting method and its device for diesel engine without pump - Google Patents
Fuel-injecting method and its device for diesel engine without pumpInfo
- Publication number
- CN1013137B CN1013137B CN86105013A CN86105013A CN1013137B CN 1013137 B CN1013137 B CN 1013137B CN 86105013 A CN86105013 A CN 86105013A CN 86105013 A CN86105013 A CN 86105013A CN 1013137 B CN1013137 B CN 1013137B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- injection apparatus
- fuel
- cylinder
- fuel oil
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The present invention provides a fuel oil injecting method without a pump, and a device thereof, which relates to a fuel system of a diesel motor. Fuel oil is input into a fuel oil injecting device under normal pressure and enters a mixing chamber of an injector at a suction stroke of a motor, and the mixed gas of the fuel oil and air enters a precombustion chamber arranged in the injecting device, is injected out of the injecting device after the mixed gas is pressed and combusted, and enters a cylinder. Thereby, complete combustion is carried out, and a piston is pushed to do work. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use and maintenance. The motor of the present invention has the advantages of stable work, small vibration, smooth and soft operation, and low failure rate. The shape of the fuel oil injecting device of the present invention can be designed into a shape which is similar to the shape of a conventional injector to be arranged on a conventional diesel motor.
Description
The present invention relates to the fuel system of diesel engine, relate to the method and the injection apparatus thereof of normal pressure fuel feeding particularly.
In the evolution of modern diesel engine, people have proposed many different theories to the mode and the combustion process of fuel oil and the formation of Air mixing gas, can be divided into two kinds of citation forms of space atomizing hybrid mode and fuel film vaporization hybrid mode basically.The diesel engine of high-pressure injection fuel oil mainly relies on high-pressure system that high pressure fuel is sprayed into the high atomisation state to form mixed gas, and it belongs to space atomizing hybrid mode.Therefore the high pressure fuel pump of traditional diesel engine using and the device of oil sprayer guarantee engine running work.But the technological requirement height of the manufacturing of high pressure fuel pump and oil sprayer and material, price is expensive, in use be out of order easily, for example in the using process of the very big agricultural equipment Diesel engine of owning amount, fuel system trouble rates such as high-pressure service pump are higher than the rate of fault of other system.
In the fuel system of diesel engine, improved method and test were proposed once.Germany doctor Miu Leier propose " M process " be before the piston arrives top dead center, compression stroke latter stage, fuel oil once sprays into the formation oil film.U.S.'s Southwest Research Institute has been carried out a series of no pumps to the single-cylinder double stroke diesel engine and has been started test (referring to the 2nd～10 page of " external internal-combustion engine " the 1st phase in 1972).Above-mentioned no pump starts test, projection is installed and is made projection before piston rises to top dead center at piston head, formed a main combustion chamber and a precombustion chamber between piston, projection and the cylinder three, oil fuel handling plant is set and has linked up mutually with main combustion chamber and precombustion chamber.At piston stroking upward to top dead center in a flash, under the air pressure effect in main combustion chamber of fuel oil and air, through the passage of above-mentioned feedway, enter precombustion chamber, take fire under the set glow plug effect of precombustion chamber, motor promptly starts motion.The no pump burner oil system of this test, high pressure oil pump, injector nozzle matching parts have been omitted, relatively simple for structure, realized the trial run of motor, but it need change the shape or the structure of members such as cylinder, piston, need be by glow plug ability startup work, its deficiency is that the formation and the combustion process of mixed gas is abundant inadequately, and need set up glow plug and annex thereof.
A kind of reasonable in design, no pump oil-fired system that can realize the diesel engine proper functioning is that people urgently wish the test that solves or the problem of application.
Purpose of the present invention at first is to propose the method that a kind of fuel of diesel engine normal pressure fuel feeding burns with air formation mixed gas;
Next purpose of the present invention provides a kind of no pump fuel injection apparatus that is provided with mixing chamber, precombustion chamber of realizing said method.
The invention provides a kind of no pump fuel-injecting method of diesel engine, fuel oil is delivered to injection apparatus, is entered cylinder then from conveyance conduit, it is characterized in that fuel oil does not have the pump normal pressure when the aspirating stroke of motor enters injection apparatus inside automatically from oil sources, enter the fuel oil of injection apparatus and air, when in injection apparatus, being compressed, form mixed gas and further by compression ignite; Take fire and the mixed gas of volumetric expansion sprays into firing chamber, cylinder by injection apparatus inside, thus perfect combustion and promote the piston work done.
The present invention also provides a kind of injection apparatus of realizing said method, comprise oil transport pipeline and spout, the space of the mixing chamber that is provided with the space of precombustion chamber in the described injection apparatus, links by connection mouth with precombustion chamber, described mixing chamber and oil transportation road link, and described spout is linked up mutually with engine chamber, cylinder, it is characterized in that being provided with the main jet pipe in the space that described mixing chamber limits, the position of precombustion chamber, mixing chamber, UNICOM's interface, main jet pipe and outer nozzle holes is generally along the center line setting of sparger.
The present invention can obtain following good effect:
(1) reformed diesel fuel system, exempted traditional high pressure fuel pump and annexes such as transmission device, fuel-injection valve for high-pressure thereof, the manufacture cost of diesel engine is reduced;
(2) fuel injection apparatus is simple in structure, does not need glow plug heating can make mixture combustion, and in use good reliability, rate of fault are low;
Vibration when (3) diesel engine of the present invention being set than conventional diesel engine work running is little, work is smooth-goingly gentlely closed, noise is low, for example installs and uses the fatigue that will reduce hull structure on marine diesel engine, extends using period, improves a travelling comfort of taking advantage of;
When (4) fuel injector was in use with Maintenance and Repair, it was easy to have an installing/dismounting, and the maintenance verification is advantage easily, and it does not need to be equipped with high-pressure service pump checking apparatus or oil nozzle calibrator;
(5) profile of sparger of the present invention can be designed to profile similar to high pressure fuel injector or installation dimension on demand, therefore can replace conventional fuel system, is installed on the existing conventional diesel engine.
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is a workers and peasants 195-C2 type single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine, and the schematic representation of conventional high pressure fuel injector is installed;
Fig. 2 is the schematic representation that a kind of sparger of the present invention is installed in motion work on Fig. 1 motor;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that can be used for a kind of fuel injector example of Fig. 1 diesel engine;
Fig. 4 is a kind of variation of Fig. 3 fuel injector;
Fig. 5 is the exploded view of Fig. 3 fuel injector part.
With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention with workers and peasants 195-C2 type single-cylinder four stroke diesel engine 30 as a kind of test engine.This motor has been installed conventional high pressure fuel injector 31, as shown in the figure.
With reference to Fig. 2, the fuel injector 20 of a kind of example of the present invention is installed on the single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine 30 shown in Figure 1, the outer nozzle holes 11 of sparger 20 is linked up with cylinder 33, firing chamber 32, and its mounting point is identical with the mounting point of former engine high pressure oil sprayer.The needle-valve 1 of oil fuel handling plant is connected with flow control mechanism, connects oil inlet pipe 2 and cooling water intake 8 and outlet 9, can ato unit 30.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the formation of the air of no pump diesel engine and burning working procedure are: fuel oil enters the space of sparger mixing chamber 5 when suction stroke; When being compressed, air and fuel oil form mixed gas through mixing chamber 5, and in the space of sparger precombustion chamber 7 by compression ignite, the mixed gas volume expansion that takes fire sprays into engine chamber 32 and cylinder 33 by the inside of sparger 20, thus perfect combustion and the work done of promotion piston.
Upper half part of Fig. 3 is the fuel delivery part, and lower half portion is the main body of sparger 2.The fuel oil input flow rate of needle-valve 1 control oil inlet pipe 2, fuel oil is equipped with safety check 3, oil transportation road 4 and the mixing chamber fuel inlet 16 of spring 14, to the mixing chamber 5 of sparger bottom through fuel oil chamber 15.Main jet pipe 6 is set in the space of mixing chamber 5, and the top of mixing chamber 5 is provided with precombustion chamber 7, and connecting port 12 is communicated with each other the space of mixing chamber 5 and the space of precombustion chamber 7.The lower end of mixing chamber 5 is provided with the outer nozzle holes 11 that links with engine chamber 32, cylinder 33.
Fig. 3 lower half portion, the inside of sparger 20 are established and are caused cover 13.The inner space of causing cover 13 is a precombustion chamber 7, matches with precombustion chamber shell 25 and contact in the outside of initiation cover 13.Cooling jacket 10 is arranged in the precombustion chamber shell 25, and it is equipped with the pipeline of cooling water intake 8 and outlet 9.Cooling water makes precombustion chamber shell 25 keep suitable operating temperature, and the part periphery 29 that causes cover 13 matches with precombustion chamber shell 25 and contacts, thereby feasible precombustion chamber 7 spaces of causing cover 13 and its inside, remains on the scope of appropriate operating temperature.
For four stroke engine, fuel injector 20 is as follows in the working condition of each stroke.(1) aspirating stroke; Because of the quick descending negative pressure that in cylinder, produces of piston, a large amount of air enter cylinder through intake valve, the fuel oil of some is by oil inlet pipe 2, needle-valve 1, fuel oil chamber 15, safety check 3, oil transportation road 4 and the fuel inlet 16 of feedway in addition, enter mixing chamber 5, adhere to the periphery that is distributed in main jet pipe 6 and the space of mixing chamber 5, and, make the part fuel oil that enters mixing chamber be heated, evaporate because of the high temperature that the last working stroke of motor is produced; (2) compression stroke: piston stroking upward, with the air compression in the cylinder, compressed-air actuated air communication is crossed outer nozzle holes 11, main jet pipe 6 and mixing chamber 5, make the fuel oil in the mixing chamber 5 be forced to atomizing, and further be compressed by connecting port 12 and enter the precombustion chamber 7 that links with mixing chamber 5, certain that will arrive budc at the compression stroke piston in a flash, fuel oil and Air mixing gas 7 beginnings of precombustion chamber by compression ignite; (3) working stroke: expanded by the mixed gas volume of compression ignite, when increased pressure arrives greater than cylinder pressure, the mixed gas of precombustion chamber 7 internal combustion begins back spray, clear away the periphery of main jet pipe 6 and fuel oil or the evaporative gas in mixing chamber 5 spaces once more through connecting port 12, mixing chamber 5 and main jet pipe 6, make their further mixing, pass through outer spout 11 at last, spray to firing chamber 32 cylinders 33, thus with cylinder in air perfect combustion; (4) exhaust stroke: waste gas after burning is pushed out cylinder, and sparger is prepared to begin task again from suction stroke next time.
As mentioned above, oil-fired system of the present invention is to carry fuel oil under the situation of common pressure, and it need not be provided with high pressure fuel pump.In order to ensure the reliability of feedway, generally can adopt 0.3～0.8kg/cm at oil inlet pipe 2
2Discharge pressure.Precombustion chamber 7, UNICOM's interface 12, mixing chamber 5, main jet pipe 6 and outer spray orifice oral pore 11 Position Design generally speaking are the center line setting generally along sparger 20.
For the multiple cylinder diesel motor, oil-fired system of the present invention can be carried fuel oil to a plurality of fuel injectors 20 by the oil transportation road 4 of fuel oil, makes engine running work.
With reference to Fig. 4, for different designing requirements, perhaps different engine operation requirements, the design parameter of fuel injection apparatus, the for example bore of the bore of the shape of the latus rectum of the spatial form of the spatial form of mixing chamber 5 and volume, precombustion chamber 7 and volume, main jet pipe 6 and jet pipe and length, connecting port 12 and shape, outer nozzle holes 11 and shape or the like, can be as calculated or test obtain appropriate numerical value.The cylindrical precombustion chamber 7 of sparger shown in Figure 3 can adopt spherical precombustion chamber 7, as shown in Figure 4.
With reference to Fig. 5, the part of fuel injector can be made knockdown assembly structure according to the designing requirement of its working principle.Sparger 20 shown in Figure 3 is exactly a kind of assembly structure, and its component part puts in order the position by the part installation by the axis of sparger.Begin spout cap 21 from the ejection end of sparger 20 for nozzle holes outside having 11, have the main jet pipe 6 that installs and fixes ring 22 and spout 28, mixing chamber shell 23, be provided with the mixing chamber of UNICOM's mouth 12 and the connecting sheet 24 of precombustion chamber, inner initiation cover 13 for precombustion chamber 7 outer installment annular protrusions 29, the precombustion chamber shell 25 that causes cover 13 is installed, above-mentioned part is assembled into the main body of sparger 20, promptly constitutes the outer spray orifice mouth 11-mixing chamber 5 shown in Figure 3 and the luminal space structure of the main jet pipe 6-mouth 12-of UNICOM precombustion chamber 7.
The upper end of sparger 20 is the fitting seat 27 that needle-valve 1 and oil inlet pipe 2 are housed, and it is connected with precombustion chamber shell 25 by connecting packing ring 26, thereby constitutes the fuel injection apparatus that comprises fuel delivery, flow control device and injector body.
The profile of sparger 20, comprise spout cap 21, mixing chamber shell 23, precombustion chamber shell 25 and fitting seat 27, can be designed as profile similar and size to conventional high pressure fuel injector, fitting seat 27 is provided with fixing threaded hole 28, pass through fastening piece, sparger is fixed on the oil sprayer position of motor, as shown in Figure 2.
Present embodiment is through overtesting, situation such as following table:
The former motor of project uses no pump fuel oil
The injector testing of workers and peasants 195-C2 type
Compression ratio 19.5 19.5
The fuel system high pressure fuel pump does not have the fuel injection of pump
The high pressure fuel injector apparatus
Starting performance is easier to
1900 rev/mins 300～2200 rev/mins of full rotating speeds
The working order normal temperature, idling
Low and steady
Oil consumption 200 gram/horsepower-hour close
Exhaust except that at a high speed, base
This is smokeless
10 horsepowers of output powers 1976 70%
1978 93%
1980 100～
113.9%
Claims (8)
1, a kind of no pump fuel-injecting method of diesel engine, fuel oil is delivered to injection apparatus, is entered cylinder then from conveyance conduit, it is characterized in that fuel oil does not have the pump normal pressure when the aspirating stroke of motor enters injection apparatus 20 inside automatically from oil sources, enter the fuel oil of injection apparatus 20 and air, when in injection apparatus 20, being compressed, form mixed gas and further by compression ignite; Take fire and the mixed gas of volumetric expansion sprays into firing chamber, cylinder by injection apparatus 20 inside, thereby finish burning and promote the piston work done.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that through sparger mixing chamber 5, forming mixed gas from being compressed air and being sucked into the fuel oil of sparger 20 of cylinder.
3, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that mixed gas in the space of sparger precombustion chamber 7 by compression ignite.
4, as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that by the mixed gas of compression ignite when the working stroke by precombustion chamber 7, spray into firing chamber, the cylinder of motor through the outer nozzle holes 11 of mixing chamber 5 and injection apparatus.
5, a kind of injection apparatus of realizing the described method of claim 1, comprise oil transport pipeline and spout, the space of the mixing chamber 5 that is provided with the space of precombustion chamber 7 in the described injection apparatus 20, links by connection mouth 12 with precombustion chamber 7, described mixing chamber 5 links with oil transportation road 4, and described spout is linked up mutually with engine chamber, cylinder, it is characterized in that being provided with main jet pipe 6 in the space that described mixing chamber 5 limited, the position of precombustion chamber 7, mixing chamber 5, UNICOM's interface 12, main jet pipe 6 and outer nozzle holes 11 is generally along the center line setting of sparger 20.
6, injection apparatus as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that precombustion chamber 7 is provided with heat conduction spacer 13.
7, injection apparatus as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that mounting point and the installation dimension and the position of outer nozzle holes 11 in cylinder of sparger 20, and is similar to conventional high pressure fuel injector.
8, as claim 5 or 6 described injection apparatus, it is characterized in that being shaped as of precombustion chamber 7 is cylindrical or spherical, the shell 25 at precombustion chamber position is provided with cooling jacket 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105013A CN1013137B (en) | 1986-08-23 | 1986-08-23 | Fuel-injecting method and its device for diesel engine without pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105013A CN1013137B (en) | 1986-08-23 | 1986-08-23 | Fuel-injecting method and its device for diesel engine without pump |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86105013A CN86105013A (en) | 1988-03-09 |
| CN1013137B true CN1013137B (en) | 1991-07-10 |
Family
ID=4802683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105013A Expired CN1013137B (en) | 1986-08-23 | 1986-08-23 | Fuel-injecting method and its device for diesel engine without pump |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1013137B (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-08-23 CN CN86105013A patent/CN1013137B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN86105013A (en) | 1988-03-09 |
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