CN101313595A - Two-panel liquid crystal system with circular polarization and polarizer glasses suitable for three dimensional imaging - Google Patents
Two-panel liquid crystal system with circular polarization and polarizer glasses suitable for three dimensional imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are systems and methods for three dimensional display that produce stereo images (left and right eye images) each having particular known polarization so that they can be segregated and viewed with suitable polarizer eyeglasses to create the perception in the human mind of a three- dimensional image. According to one or more embodiments, two liquid crystal panels are utilized with the two panels being stacked one in front of the other relative to a light source and two polarizers are used surrounding the panel closest to the light source. In alternative embodiments, that panel and polarizers comprise a typical liquid crystal display (''LCD'') monitor. In preferred embodiments, images produced by the system are then circularly polarized for decoding by eyeglasses having corresponding circularly polarized lenses.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The present invention requires the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence number No.60/697 that submits on July 11st, 2005, and 540 and the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence number No.60/741 that submits on December 1st, 2005, the priority of 079 submission date.
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to three-dimensional imaging.More specifically, the present invention relates to utilize three-dimensional imaging in conjunction with the double-deck liquid crystal arrangement of polarising glass.
Background technology
Because the light field of light in the object reflection and the span is so see object three-dimensionally.Observer's eyes are owing to their diverse locations with respect to object in the space cause this light field of perception distinctively, thereby and observer's brain generate three-dimensional (" 3-D ") perception to handling for the different perception of this light field by eyes.
Three-dimensional imaging is a kind of technology that is used for to observer's stimulated three-dimensional image.Stereo display by providing to observer's left eye and right eye to the different of same object or scene but corresponding fluoroscopy images operate.Observer's brains is handled these two images and is produced three-dimensional perception thus.The principle with three-dimensional imaging has been applied to different field for many years, comprise such as the pilot to doctor's professional training field, and such as the entertainment field of 3-D film and computer game.
All steros rely on one or more technology to separate the image of right eye and left eye.Usually, stereo imaging system uses specific parallax barrier screen, the helmet (headgear) or eye adornment (eye wear) to guarantee that left eye only sees the left eye visual field, and right eye is only seen the right eye visual field.These systems can comprise for example photochopper on glasses, this photochopper according to the image on the screen whether needs watched by left eye or right eye and opening or closing.Yet such system causes the eye fatigue that is associated with " flicker " created by photochopper.
In addition, the U.S. Patent No. 6 of authorizing Putilin etc. and having by assignee of the present invention, 717,728 disclose a kind of automatic stereo 3-D display, and this automatic stereo 3-D display provides real-time and high-resolution 3-D imaging performance and do not use parallax barrier or helmet specially used.Displays such as Putilin use image processing algorithm to come to generate from basic stereogram image the image of two or more calculating, and the image of these calculating is images that people finally will be transferred to observer's eyes.First width of cloth of the image of those calculating is sent to display far away, and other one or more images are given the one or more transmissive displays (transmissive display) that send to the front (with respect to the observer position) that is arranged in display far away.Thus, each display side by side shows the image that is calculated, and each image that calculates comprises at least some of image information of every eyes going to the observer.When watching simultaneously by the observer, the computed image of each display is as being used for the mask (mask) of the computed image of other demonstrations and combining with these computed image, caused two different stereo-pictures are offered observer's left eye and right eye, and obtained by the spacing of observer's eyes and the stereoeffect that the interval caused of multi-layer display.Putilin etc. disclose: the electron process that can quicken each basic stereogram image is transferred to the needed generation computed image of suitable eyes by artificial neural net.In a specific embodiment of this invention, the collaborative spatial mask of a plurality of transmissive liquid crystal display panel is piled up a back by one (with respect to the observer), this space mask is placed between the LCD this scatterer to suppress moire pattern such as scatterer.Though disclose highly effectively imaging system, Putilin etc. have described the system of high complexity, this system needs very big computing capability.Therefore, may not be suitable for all purposes, comprise that the low cost of wherein expecting low technical and/or flexible options is used or when the user does not wish to buy some equipment again outside the current equipment that has.
Thus, exist in the art for improved 3-D imaging system and needs that the method for high-definition picture is provided simply and effectively to the user.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide 3-D imaging system and the method for utilizing liquid crystal technology and polarization technology that high-definition picture is provided.
In addition, the purpose of this invention is to provide the 3-D imaging system and the method that can be applicable to criterion calculation system and polarising glass easily.
In addition, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of the operation and aspect moving range, do not retrain observer's 3-D imaging system and method.
Purpose of the present invention provides 3-D imaging system and the method that " interpolation " of traditional calculations display and personal computer operated that can be used as in addition.
In order to obtain these and other purposes, the invention provides liquid crystal (" LC ") panel display, this system provides the stereo-picture with particular known polarization, and these stereo-pictures can utilize suitable polarising glass to separate and watch, with the perception among the consciousness of personality who is created in 3-D view.Differently polarization passes through the produced simultaneously stereo-picture of LC panel system, and preferably carries out polarization each other in orthogonality relation ground, to allow the utilizing glasses of the lens with corresponding different polarization characteristic to separate.
According to one or more embodiment, two LC panels are provided, these two panels are stacked on another front with respect to one of light source.According to these embodiment, first or rear portion LC panel be arranged near light source, and will polarizer be arranged in its front side and rear side in the mode of exemplary lcd (" LCD ").Utilize suitable control system to drive this rear portion LC panel arrangement, to generate composograph, this composograph is need be respectively to watch derivative with two stereogram images of the perception of creating 3-D view by observer's left eye and right eye, and this suitable control system is such as on the computer processor and the software that moves on the control board.Stereogram for example can be from the database of stereo-picture, from being received from two feeding of camera source, can be computer result of presenting (rendering) or simulation program etc.Thereby the light by backboard and polarizer emission is polarized with certain known angle from this triple presenting (emergefrom this trio).Then, utilize the 2nd LC panel, light is rotated to the polarization of expectation based on individual element ground.The observer then wears polarising glass, and this polarising glass will arrive left eye and right eye with the optical transmission of different angles polarization, and preferably, the lens that this polarising glass is used for each eye have the separation of images that obtains the best with respect to the polarization angle of another lens quadrature.By control the polarisation of light angle that the past LC panel comes out according to the known polarization characteristic of glasses, the present invention can control the light intensity that points to each eye, can control the image by each eyes perception thus.Appropriate algorithm used according to the invention is come the calculated angle of polarization degree, and of stereogram image is transferred to the perception that each eye is created 3-D view.
According to other embodiment, two LC panels that provide are piled up at another anteriorly with respect to one of light source, yet, by the light of backboard emission with certain known angle guided before preceding LC panel, pass through polarizer then by scatterer.Then, utilize the 2nd LC panel to rotate the light that is produced by backboard, this light is perceived by the observer who wears polarising glass, and polarising glass will be transferred to left eye and right eye as stereo-picture with the light of different angles polarization.In this embodiment of the present invention, comprise scatterer and can limit sometimes the stacked Moire effect that is associated with polarization screen or film effectively.
In a plurality of embodiment of the present invention, this back LC panel and the polarization screen in this LC panel front and back can be traditional LCD or other fixed pixel displays, such as standard LCD computer monitor or plasma screen monitor.In this embodiment, preceding LC panel comprises discrete assembly, and this discrete assembly can be attached to the front of traditional fixed pixel display, with when when suitably polarising glass uses as described herein, this standard indicator is converted to three dimensional display.
In most preferred embodiments of the present invention, polarising glass is treated to utilize the circular polarization relative with linear polarization with preceding LC panel.
According to a particular aspects of the present invention, provide a kind of three-dimensional display system that is used for providing stereo-picture to the user.This display system comprises the secondary polarising glass that can be worn by the user.This polarising glass comprises the lens of every glasses that are used for user's eyes, and each lens has the polarization direction that is different from another lens.This system further comprises light source, and is placed on first and second liquid crystal panels between light source and the user with stack arrangement, and the liquid crystal panel of winning is placed more near light source.First polarizer is placed between the light source and first liquid crystal panel, and is suitable for applying towards the light of first liquid crystal panel to guiding the linear polarization of first direction; And second polarizer is placed between first and second liquid crystal panels.Second polarizer has the polarization direction that is different from first polarizer.System also comprises the electronic processing device that is used to handle from the composograph of the stereogram that comprises left input picture and right input picture.This processing unit also is suitable for calculating the polarization angle of each pixel of second liquid crystal panel.This system also comprises the panel control device, to receive from the signal of processing unit and the operation that comes control panel according to this signal.According to this aspect, composograph is represented the average color intensity of each pixel of a left side and right input picture, and calculates the polarization angle of each pixel of second liquid crystal panel according to following relation
Wherein, L is the intensity of the respective pixel of left input picture, and R is the intensity of the respective pixel of right input picture.The panel control device makes described polarizer and described liquid crystal panel polarization from the light of light source and the light behind the rotatory polarization, thereby make: utilize the left lens of polarising glass to decode, and utilize the right lens of polarising glass to decode corresponding to the right image of right input picture corresponding to the left image of left input picture.
According to another particular aspects of the present invention, provide a kind of three-dimensional display system that is used for providing stereo-picture to the user.This display system comprises the polarising glass that a pair can be worn by the user.This polarising glass comprises the lens of every glasses that are used for user's eyes, and each lens has and is different from the polarization direction that is orthogonal to another lens.This system comprises: fixed pixel display monitor can produce coloured image via a plurality of pixels that can independently control; And the transflective liquid crystal panel, be suitable for being assemblied on the fixed pixel display monitor, thereby make its mode be placed between monitor and the user with stacking construction.The electronic processing device of this system is handled composograph according to stereogram, and this stereogram comprises left input picture and right input picture.Processing unit also is suitable for calculating the polarization angle of each pixel of liquid crystal panel.This system also comprises: the display monitor control device is used to receive from first signal of processing unit and controls the operation of fixed pixel display monitor according to this first signal; And liquid crystal panel controller, be used to receive from the secondary signal of processing unit and control the operation of liquid crystal panel according to this secondary signal.Composograph is represented the average color intensity of each pixel of a left side and right input picture, and the polarization angle that can calculate each pixel of liquid crystal panel according to following relation
Wherein, L is the intensity of the respective pixel of left input picture, and R is the intensity of the respective pixel of right input picture.The panel control device makes the liquid crystal panel polarization from the image light of display monitor and the light behind the rotatory polarization, thereby makes: utilize the left lens of polarising glass to decode corresponding to the left image of left input picture; And the right lens that utilize polarising glass are decoded corresponding to the right image of right input picture.
The another particular aspects according to the present invention provides a kind of method that is used to produce the 3-D view of perception.This method comprises: the polarising glass that provides a pair to be worn by the user, wherein, this polarising glass comprises the lens of every glasses that are used for user's eyes, and each lens has the polarization direction different with respect to other lenses.First and second liquid crystal panels are arranged between light source and the user in the mode of stacking construction, and first liquid crystal panel is more near light source.In addition, first polarizer is placed between the light source and first liquid crystal panel, wherein, first polarizer is suitable for being directed giving towards the light of first liquid crystal panel linear polarization of first direction.Second polarizer is placed between first and second liquid crystal panels, and this second polarizer has the polarization direction that is different from first polarizer.This method also comprises from stereogram determines composograph, and this stereogram comprises left input picture and right input picture.This composograph is represented the average color intensity of each pixel of a left side and right input picture.Control first liquid crystal panel and show composograph.In addition, this method comprises the angle of polarization of each pixel of calculating second liquid crystal panel, wherein, calculates the angle of polarization of each pixel of second liquid crystal panel according to following relation
Wherein, L is the intensity of the respective pixel of left input picture, and R is the intensity of the respective pixel of right input picture.Thereby, control second display panels, obtain the calculated angle of polarization of its each pixel, to produce the 3-D view that can watch by the user of wearing spectacles.
Summarize a plurality of embodiment of the present invention thus, will under the help of a plurality of accompanying drawings, describe a plurality of preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail now.Before describing a plurality of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, know that the present invention is not limited to the details of construction of illustrating in the following description.The present invention can realize other embodiment and can put into practice in many ways or carry out.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that illustrates according to the three-dimensional display system of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are the schematic diagrames that illustrates as the operation of LCD of using in a plurality of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates how according to the present invention a plurality of embodiment come calculated angle of polarization with respect to left-eye image intensity and right eye image intensity diagram;
Fig. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of three-dimensional display system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the schematic diagrames that is illustrated in the different polarization type that adopts among a plurality of embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, at first with reference to figure 1, one or more embodiment of the present invention relate to the combination of first polarizer 102 (or " rear polarizer "), back LC panel 103, second polarizer 104 (or " preceding polarizer "), preceding LC panel 105 and polarising glass 106.These elements as shown, are arranged with stack arrangement.First polarizer 102 is located immediately at suitable light source 101 fronts, thereby light will transmit by first polarizer 102, by back LC panel 103 (wherein can its polarization of change as described below), passes through second polarizer 104 then then.To know easily as those skilled in the art, the polarization rotation that each pixel of LC panel 103 applies after utilizing is cooperated with second polarizer 104 to produce polarised light 101a, this polarised light 101a has intensity profile, and this intensity profile represents to depend on the image of each pixel of how controlling back LC panel 103.Produce polarised light 101a from second polarizer 104, have linear polarization orientation as shown corresponding to the polarization direction of indicating by second polarizer 104.Then, this polarised light 101a is directed in the preceding LC panel 105, wherein, the polarization that can change each pixel independently produces light 101b, this light 101b can be polarized glasses 106 and separate the stereogram image that can be watched by the observer to create, thus produce enough allow the observer with three-dimensional perception to the suitable image that is used for left eye and right eye.Below more detailed description is used for controlling the algorithm that adopts among a plurality of embodiment of the present invention of back LC panel 103 and preceding LC panel 105.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b jointly illustrate the LCD monitor commonly used groundwork of (such as including the first polarizer LC panel that piles up and the LCD monitor of second polarizer, such as LC panel 103 among Fig. 1 and polarizer 102 and 104).Fig. 2 a is illustrated in the operation that applies electric field LCD monitor 200 before, and wherein, a plurality of molecules in the liquid crystal material that comprises in a plurality of pixels of LC panel 203 are in relaxed state.In traditional structure, in two clear thin slices, form the series of parallel ridge, described thin slice forms the surface of package LC material.These ridges promote the elongate molecules of LC material to be parallel to the ridge arrangement generally near sheet surface.Yet the ridge in each of the apparent surface of given LC panel is formed direction difference (for example, being perpendicular to one another as shown) each other.Yet between two thin slices, the LC properties of materials makes molecule align with ridge at each near surface, but is passing through between two vertical end of panel inside or natural distortion.The LC material also has and tends to the characteristic of twisting the angle polarization of light naturally during by this material at light.Thus, shown in Fig. 2 a, in the traditional operation of LCD 200, from the light of light source 201 by first polarizer, 202 polarizations to form polarised light 201a.This light 201a enters LC panel 203 along such direction, and it makes polarised light 201a and the ridge that forms polarization alignedly in the back side of LC panel 203.By the LC properties of materials, utilize the level and smooth distortion of LC molecule, when light by LC material time rotation light, thereby make polarisation of light change 90 ° and form crossed polarized light 201b.Then, as shown, this crossed polarized light 201b can be smoothly by second polarizer 204 (having the polarization direction that is orthogonal to polarizer 202).Under the situation shown in Fig. 2 a, launch the light of maximum intensity from LCD monitor 200.
On the contrary, Fig. 2 b illustrates the operation of the LCD monitor 200 ' when LC panel 203 ' is applied electric field.A plurality of molecules in this liquid crystal material that causes comprising in a plurality of pixels of LC panel 203 ' are in excited state, thereby molecule self aligns with the field in liquid crystal.Thus, can change the rotation of ground rotatory polarization light 201a according to the direction of field.Therefore, under the situation shown in Fig. 2 b, (as shown with respect to light 201a without any rotation) collision polarizer 204 because light 201b ', nearly all smooth 201b ' is absorbed, and the unit presents dark (thereby with wherein whole assembly present for the almost transparent relaxed state that makes the unit present bright Fig. 2 a of glasses opposite).Two that represent by Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b extreme between, can change the transmissivity of unit to produce gradation effect with incremental mode.
One skilled in the art will know that the liquid crystal material that uses rotates all visible lights almost equally in standard LCD unit, in traditional LC D (such as standard LCD computer monitor), use additional element to produce color monitor thus.A kind of usual way that color LCD is provided is that each pixel is divided into three sub-pixel unit, and one has red filter, and one has green filter, and another has blue filter.The relative brightness of three color cell that can be by changing pixel makes pixel present color arbitrarily.Can arrange these color component cells by different way, form a kind of pixel geometries optimum for the monitor purposes.
In embodiments of the present invention, the combination of polarizer 102, back LC panel 103 and polarizer 104 is used to produce computed image, this computed image is the derivative or the synthetic of known stereogram (stereopair) image, and the eyes that this computed image finally need be transferred to the observer produce the three-dimensional image effect of expectation.Source image information for example obtains in the database of the stereogram from be stored in memory cell, and perhaps other the suitable sources from primary image obtain.Memory cell provides desired stereogram to processor, and processor is then handled the computed image of formation as described below.
In order to produce the computed image that is used for rear liquid crystal cell layer, processor is assessed the image intensity and the color that will be directed into every glasses of observer to each pixel, and it is by L (left-eye image intensity) and R (right eye image intensity) expression.The intensity of each pixel of LC panel and the calculating of color (D) after can utilizing following equation to represent:
D＝(L+R)/2
Wherein, each component color (for example red, green, blue) to each pixel calculates D.
The screen imaging of the algorithm dictates of Shi Yonging on back LC panel (or LCD monitor) and preceding LC panel regulated in embodiments of the present invention, and can use this algorithm by for example computer installation (such as the electronic processing device of personal computer or other suitable digital processing units), thereby calculate the intensity of each color in each pixel of each LC panel, generate the stereogram image thus.This calculation element or electronic processing device alternatively can with have the LC panel or the fixed panel display monitor reciprocation of parts that one or more video cards, Graphics Processing Unit, video and conducts such as graphics accelerator, display controller are used for the control device of panel and/or monitor.
Refer again to Fig. 1, after light 101a appearred in the past polarizer 104, light was by preceding LC panel 105 then.Preceding LC panel rotation light is to make it having suitable polarization orientation angle
Thereby the observer who wears polarising glass 106 sees suitable of stereogram image in his or her suitable eyes, creates the perception of 3-D view.As outpouring ground, observer's a left side and right eye mirror are by polarization differently (preferably relative to each other almost meet at right angles or almost quadrature), thereby when the left eye lens transmit the polarised light of maximum, the right eye lens will transmit this polarised light of minimum, otherwise also like this.This allows respectively the maximum separation of the image seen by left eye and right eye.With reference to figure 3, when considering by a left side (L) and right (R) soon to the time,, can finish as shown in the diagram 310 of Fig. 3 according to following formula with each color of pixel of generation stereogram image and intensity
The calculating of the anglec of rotation:
Wherein, I is the overall strength of given pixel.Because R and L are for can using following formula to determine by the definite easily known quantity of the stereogram image that will show
According to some embodiment, use processing unit and control device, such as the CPU that adopts the personal computer form and Video Controller or other electronic equipments that is fit to, carry out for each color in each pixel
Above calculating.Thus, this processor is the screen generation of view data continuously
Value, thus will be separated into the stereogram image by the composograph that back LC panel 103 generates, and the observer sees this stereogram image dividually by polarising glass 106 in a his or her left side and right eye.Thereby generation 3-D effect.
The 3-D view that utilizes certain embodiments of the invention to create has the viewing angle of the unlimited degree of depth and 180 degree.Therefore, the invention provides multi-user's display performance.Can provide three peacekeeping two-dimensional imagings for each observer.In addition, because the color of rotating in each pixel is used for the signal of eyes with generation, final 3-D view is subjected to the loss on the minimum resolution.
According to some preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 4, between preceding polarizer 103 and preceding LC panel 105, provide scatterer 407 and polarizer 408.The Moire effect that these embodiment opposings generally occur in other embodiments owing to the stacked of polarizer.Be appreciated that the also approximate following situation of this embodiment, wherein, polarizer 102 and 104 is together with the traditional LC D monitor configuration of light source 101 with the fixed panel display of back LC panel 103 formation such as LCD computer monitor or other types.
According to some embodiment, utilize standard LCD monitor or other fixed panel display monitors to replace back LC panel 103 and two polarizers 102 and 104 among Fig. 1 or Fig. 4, this standard LCD monitor or other fixed panel display monitors are suitable for controlling the light intensity (rather than directly controlling the angle of polarization) of generation in a conventional manner.Be appreciated that this embodiment still makes the observer see suitable of stereogram image in his or her each glasses when using in conjunction with suitable control algolithm, preceding LC panel and polarising glass, create the perception of 3-D view.In these embodiments, can utilize following equation to represent each color of pixel intensity (C):
Therefore, in case use above formula 1 to calculate
The formula that then is used for C2 and C1, by color and the intensity that rear board and front panel are launched respectively, can followingly calculate:
C2＝R+L
C1＝L/(L+R)
Wherein, L and R represent to be directed to respectively the color and the intensity of the light of left eye and right eye, thereby generate suitable of stereogram image, to create 3-D effect.L and R can use aforesaid formula to calculate.
As the skilled person will be aware of, LC panel and other fixed pixel profile plates and display are included in three " sub-pixels " in each pixel usually, and wherein each sub-pixel is controlled each color of pixel component independently.Can add up to color component to form to give observer's comprehensive impression, such as pixel transmission white light or multiple different colours.Usually, the sub-pixel of this display is triplets, and adopts any form of red/green/blue sub-pixel or Huang/green grass or young crops/pinkish red sub-pixel.Yet because the different wave length of each color light component, liquid crystal material can transmit slightly differently and/or rotate every kind of color component.For a lot of application, this variation can be ignored.But,, may not expect this variation for high-resolution imaging as described herein and 3-D imaging.Therefore, in some preferred embodiment of the present invention, each color of pixel component sub-pixels of back and preceding LC panel (the maybe fixed panel monitor when replacing back LC panel) is considered and is caused these parameters that changes transmission characteristic, thereby reduces the error in perceptual image.
In these embodiments, such as can use suitable sub-pixel parameter γ to calculate each sub-pixel according to following formula:
In above formula, γ is the different parameters that is used for each color component/sub-pixel.Alternatively, each specified γ parameter of above formula can have slightly different value, thereby can be used for 7 the different possible sub-pixel parameters that reach of each color component by the system according to these embodiment.
In another special preferred embodiment of the present invention, not according to 90 degree or quadrature, plane polarization, but separate a left side and right image with " counterclockwise " circular polarization according to " clockwise ".Thus, use left and (clockwise and counterclockwise) circular polarization to the right replaces standard flat x plane and y plane polarization as the independent vector basis.
Light with the monoplane ripple orientation in the space is called as linear polarization, as shown in Figure 5, y polarized lightwave 520 is shown in the left side wherein.Yet, transverse electromagnetic wave only, it takes place with the form of " discontinuous " naturally, and wherein, all possible orientation plane is equally probable.Form if light differs two plane waves of 90 ° each other by equal amplitudes and phase place, then this light is called as circular polarization.Utilize explanation to figure 5 illustrates circularly polarized light 530.
Can form circular polarization by using 1/4 ripple retardation plate 640 (or 1/4 ripple phase shift films) as shown in Figure 6.When linearly polarized photon 620 and optical axis are directly incident on the 1/4 ripple retardation plate 640 at 45ly, this light will be divided into two identical electric field components, and one of them component is postponed by this plate or phase shift 1/4 wavelength.This produces circularly polarized light 630.On the contrary, can use 1/4 ripple retardation plate that linearly polarized photon is changed in incident circular polarization in the same manner.
1/4 ripple retardation plate is made up of the birefringent material of meticulous adjusting thickness, thereby makes the light that is associated with big refractive index be postponed 90 ° (1/4 wavelength) with respect to the light that is associated with less refractive index on phase place.The cutting birefringent material, thus make optical axis be parallel to the preceding and back plate of this plate.Utilize different refractivity that any linearly polarized photon that penetrates this plate will be divided into two components.Thereby finish this moment when make it to form 45 by the plane of regulating incident light, produce the o-and the e-ripple of same-amplitude with optical axis.When the o-ripple slow such as situation at calcite under, the o-ripple will fall behind 90 ° on phase place, the generation circularly polarized light.
In the preferred embodiment, whole designs of main system element with arrange keep basically with as above with reference to figure 1 or shown in Figure 4 and described identical.The linearly polarized light of the given intensity of back LC panel 103 (or fixed pixel display monitor) emission in this embodiment, LC panel 105 rotates the polarisation of light angle as required before utilizing then.Finally, 1/4 ripple retardation plate (not shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 4), its be arranged as with the angle of polarization of two panels at 45 and be placed on before the LC panel back, linearly polarized photon is converted to the summation of two clockwise and counterclockwise circular polarized beams.These circular polarized beams will have different intensity according to the intensity of the linear polarization bundle of incident.Alternatively, can selectively on the exit surface of the 2nd LC panel, place 1/4 ripple phase shift films and obtain similar effects.
Can understand, replace having the polarising glass of normal linearity polarized lens (having orthogonally oriented), the wearer will need special-purpose circular polarization glasses, and it is the decode clockwise circular polarization and be the counterclockwise circular polarization of decoding of another eyes of eyes.Each lens of glasses will comprise the combination of linear polarization membrane and 1/4 ripple phase shift films.
Can utilize the Jones vector to represent the operation of the polarised light in this embodiment of the invention.Can utilize following vector to describe and have the amplitude A phase place
The x component and the light beam with y component of amplitude B phase place ψ.
Can utilize the different matrixings of this Jones vector to be described in the effect of the multiple optics on the polarisation of light.For example, can utilize and represent plane of polarization anglec of rotation α to get off.
Then can be according to the expression of getting off with 1/4 ripple phase shift films of phase shifts 90 degree of x component.
The polarizing coating that only transmits the x light components can be described according to following matrix.
Use these matrixes, can describe according to the light polarization in the monitor of this embodiment of the invention and change.As mentioned above, back LC panel emission can utilize the linearly polarized light with amplitude A of following Jones vector representation.
Afterwards, the LC panel will be by J before the utilization
BExpression and by the plane of polarization anglec of rotation of back LC panel emitted light beams
Then, utilize the 1/4 ripple retardation plate that is oriented in the angle [alpha] place to change this light, provide following Jones vector J
F
In this embodiment, left eye is seen via the 1/4 ripple phase shift films that is placed on β angle under the x axle and then via becoming with this 1/4 ripple phase shift films+light of polarizers of 45 degree.
And for right eye, right eye is seen provides following equation via the 1/4 ripple phase shift films that is placed on β angle under the x axle and then via the light of the polarizer that becomes-45 degree with this 1/4 ripple phase shift films.
The final matrix product that separates for every eyes may be calculated as follows thus.
If we α is set to equal 0.25 π, then we obtain the following A as a result of the amplitude of light
LAnd A
R, it will arrive left eye and right eye respectively.
Light intensity and its amplitude square proportional, so these equatioies can rewrite according to intensity L and R.
According to above relation, can infer that if 1/4 ripple phase shift films is placed on by following 45 ° of the polarisation of light plane of rear board emission, the formula of LC panel and back LC panel keeps before then aforesaid being used for.Yet, when comparing with the embodiment that only uses standard orthogonal plane polarization and standard polarising glass, circularly polarized use provides significant advantage to system, just: when the user tilts its head to the left or to the right, user's (being the wearer of polarizer glasses) will be not can perception 3-D effect change.
Though top detailed description can be understood that preferably to use the control aspect of software to realize, those skilled in the art will know easily that the function equivalent circuit that can replace utilization such as digital signal processor circuit or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC) is carried out treatment step and decision.Above-mentioned any process stream is not intended to the accurate grammer of describing any certain programmed language, and flow chart is that functional information is shown, and this functional information is used for for those skilled in the art are needed making circuit or generating the processing that computer software is carried out the needs according to the present invention.It should be noted that a lot of routine programmed element, be not explicitly described as them just in one of this area common technology such as circulation and the initialization of variable and the use of temporary variable.One skilled in the art will recognize that unless otherwise indicated herein, the particular order of described step only is illustrative, and can change in the case of without departing from the spirit of the present invention.Thus, be unordered expression unless illustrate following step in addition, when can the time, can come execution in step with the order of any convenience or expectation.
Know, some embodiment of the present invention can comprise: in such as the computer-readable medium of floppy disk, hard disk or in optical medium or in some application program (just not carrying out or instruction of non-actuating logic and/or data) of memory type system such as firmware, read-only memory (ROM) programming, or in this example as the executable code of (for example in random access storage device or RAM) in accumulator system.Can know that also other embodiment of the present invention can be provided in the application program of operating in the processor as process.Though do not illustrate in this example, one skilled in the art will know that computer system can comprise other processes and/or software and hardware subsystem, such as operating system, it omits in this is described for the facility of the present invention's description.
Described after the preferred embodiments of the present invention, obviously can use other embodiment that comprise these notions to those skilled in the art.For example, lens of polarising glass are suitable for the image of decoding linear packet polarization, and another lens then are suitable for the circular polarization image of decoding.Thus, think that the present invention should not be limited to described embodiment and should be only limit by the spirit and scope of claims.Describe and show the present invention though utilized particularity to a certain degree, but should understand, its disclosure is as just example, and under situation about not departing from, can seek in the combination of parts and the many changes in arranging by those skilled in the art as the spirit and scope of the present invention that hereinafter require.
Claims (27)
1. three-dimensional display system that is used for providing stereo-picture to the user, described display system comprises:
The polarising glass that one pair can be worn by described user, described polarising glass comprises lens for every eyes of described user's eyes, each described lens has the polarization direction that is different from another described lens;
Light source;
First and second liquid crystal panels are placed between described light source and the described user the more approaching described light source of described first liquid crystal panel in the mode of stacking construction;
First polarizer is placed between described light source and described first liquid crystal panel, and is suitable for being directed to the light of described first liquid crystal panel linear polarization of first orientation in addition;
Second polarizer is placed between described first and second liquid crystal panels, and has the polarization orientation that is different from described first polarizer;
Electronic processing device is used to handle the composograph from stereogram, and described stereogram comprises left input picture and right input picture, and described processing unit also is suitable for calculating the angle of polarization for each pixel of described second liquid crystal panel; And
The panel control device is used to receive the signal from described processing unit, and controls the operation of described panel according to described signal;
Wherein, described composograph is represented the average color intensity of each pixel of a described left side and right input picture, and the described angle of polarization that can calculate each pixel of described second liquid crystal panel according to following relation
Square root
Wherein, L is the described intensity of the respective pixel of described left input picture, and R is the described intensity of the respective pixel of described right input picture, and wherein, described panel control device makes described polarizer and described liquid crystal panel polarization from the light in described source and the light after rotating described polarization, thereby make: utilize the left lens of described polarising glass to decode, and utilize the right lens of described polarising glass to decode corresponding to the right image of described right input picture corresponding to the left image of described left input picture.
2. three-dimensional display system according to claim 1, wherein, described first and second polarizers and described first liquid crystal panel comprise the fixed panel display monitor, and wherein, described second liquid crystal panel comprises the separate unit that is suitable for being assemblied on the described surface plate LCD monitor.
3. three-dimensional display system according to claim 1, wherein, described system also comprises device between described second liquid crystal panel and described user, that be used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light.
4. three-dimensional display system according to claim 3, wherein, the described device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: 1/4 ripple retardation plate.
5. three-dimensional display system according to claim 3, wherein, the described device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: 1/4 ripple phase shift films.
6. three-dimensional display system according to claim 3, wherein, the described lens of described polarising glass are suitable for the circularly polarized light of decoding.
7. three-dimensional display system according to claim 1, wherein, each comprises a plurality of pixels described liquid crystal panel, each pixel has three sub-pixels corresponding to color component, and wherein, the suitable sub-pixel parameter γ of described processing unit utilization comes according to the calculating of following formula correction about each color component:
Wherein, B is the color of pixel component intensity of described first liquid crystal panel, and F is the color of pixel component intensity of described second liquid crystal panel.
8. three-dimensional display system according to claim 1, wherein, described processing unit utilizes the Jones vector to calculate rotation by the light of each described liquid crystal panel polarization.
9. three-dimensional display system according to claim 1, the mode with stacking construction of also comprising is placed on scatterer and the 3rd polarizer between described second polarizer and described second liquid crystal panel, described scatterer is placed as and approaches described second polarizer most, and described the 3rd polarizer has following polarization orientation, and described polarization orientation is suitable for producing and has the polarised light that is orientated corresponding orientation with the needed input of described second liquid crystal panel.
10. three-dimensional display system that is used for providing stereo-picture to the user, described display system comprises:
The polarising glass that one pair can be worn by described user, described polarising glass comprises lens for every eyes of described user's eyes, each described lens has the polarization direction that is different from another described lens;
Fixed pixel display monitor, described LCD monitor can produce coloured image via a plurality of pixels that can independently control;
The transflective liquid crystal panel is suitable for being assemblied on the described fixed pixel monitor, thereby makes its mode with stacking construction be placed between described monitor and the described user;
Electronic processing device is used to handle the composograph from stereogram, and described stereogram comprises left input picture and right input picture, and described processing unit also is suitable for calculating the angle of polarization for each pixel of described second liquid crystal panel;
The display monitor control device is used to receive first signal from described processing unit, and controls the operation of described fixed pixel monitor according to described first signal; And
Liquid crystal panel controller is used to receive the secondary signal from described processing unit, and controls the operation of described liquid crystal panel according to described secondary signal;
Wherein, described composograph is represented the average color intensity of each pixel of a described left side and right input picture, and the described angle of polarization that can calculate each pixel of described liquid crystal panel according to following relation
Wherein, L is the intensity of the respective pixel of described left input picture, and R is the intensity of the respective pixel of described right input picture, and wherein, described liquid crystal panel controller makes described liquid crystal panel polarization from the image light of described fixed pixel display monitor and rotate described polarised light, thereby make: utilize the left lens of described polarising glass to decode, and utilize the right lens of described polarising glass to decode corresponding to the right image of described right input picture corresponding to the left image of described left input picture.
11. three-dimensional display system according to claim 10 also comprises the polarizer that is attached to described liquid crystal panel, thereby makes the light from described monitor be carried out linear polarization with known orientation before entering described liquid crystal panel.
12. three-dimensional display system according to claim 10, wherein, described system also comprises: device between described liquid crystal panel and described user, that be used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light.
13. three-dimensional display system according to claim 12, wherein, described device and the described liquid crystal panel that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: be suitable for being assemblied in the unit on the described monitor.
14. three-dimensional display system according to claim 12, wherein, the described device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: 1/4 ripple retardation plate.
15. three-dimensional display system according to claim 12, wherein, the described device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: 1/4 ripple phase shift films.
16. three-dimensional display system according to claim 12, wherein, the described lens of described polarising glass are suitable for the circularly polarized light of decoding.
17. three-dimensional display system according to claim 10, wherein, described liquid crystal panel comprises a plurality of pixels, each has three sub-pixels corresponding to color component the described pixel of described panel and described monitor, and wherein, the suitable sub-pixel parameter γ of described processing unit utilization comes according to the calculating of following formula correction about each color component:
Wherein, B is the color of pixel component intensity of described monitor, and F is the color of pixel component intensity of described liquid crystal panel.
18. three-dimensional display system according to claim 10, wherein, described processing unit utilizes the Jones vector to calculate rotation by the light of described monitor and described liquid crystal panel polarization.
19. a method that is used to produce the 3-D view of perception, described method comprises:
The polarising glass that provides a pair to wear by described user, described polarising glass comprises lens for every eyes of described user's eyes, each described lens has the polarization direction that is different from another described lens;
Mode with stacking construction is arranged first and second liquid crystal panels between described light source and described user, described first liquid crystal panel more approaches described light source;
First polarizer is placed between described light source and described first liquid crystal panel, and described first polarizer is suitable for being directed to the light of described first liquid crystal panel linear polarization of first orientation in addition;
Second polarizer is placed between described first and second liquid crystal panels, and described second polarizer applies the polarization orientation that is different from described first polarizer;
Determine composograph from stereogram, described stereogram comprises left input picture and right input picture, and described composograph is represented the average color intensity of each pixel of a described left side and right input picture;
Control described first liquid crystal panel and show described composograph;
Calculate the angle of polarization of each pixel of described second liquid crystal panel, wherein calculate the described angle of polarization of each pixel of described second liquid crystal panel according to following relation
Wherein, L is the described intensity of the respective pixel of described left input picture, and R is the described intensity of the respective pixel of described right input picture; And
Control the angle of polarization of described calculating that described second display panels obtains each pixel of described second liquid crystal panel, thereby produce the 3-D view that to watch by the described user who wears described polarising glass.
20. method according to claim 19, wherein, described first and second polarizers and described first liquid crystal panel comprise fixed pixel display monitor, and wherein, described second liquid crystal panel comprises the separate unit that is suitable for being assemblied on the described surface plate LCD monitor.
21. method according to claim 19 also comprises: between described second liquid crystal panel and described user, place the device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light.
22. method according to claim 22, wherein, the described device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: 1/4 ripple retardation plate.
23. method according to claim 22, wherein, the described device that is used for linearly polarized photon is converted to circularly polarized light comprises: 1/4 ripple phase shift films.
24. method according to claim 22, wherein, the described lens of described polarising glass are suitable for the circularly polarized light of decoding.
25. method according to claim 19, wherein, each comprises a plurality of pixels described liquid crystal panel, each pixel has three sub-pixels corresponding to color component, and wherein, carry out described definite and calculating according to following formula by the suitable sub-pixel parameter γ of electronic processing device utilization, thereby proofread and correct calculating about each color component:
Wherein, B is the color of pixel component intensity of described first liquid crystal panel, and F is the color of pixel component intensity of described second liquid crystal panel.
26. method according to claim 19 wherein, utilizes the Jones vector to calculate rotation by the light of each described liquid crystal panel polarization.
27. method according to claim 19, also comprise: the mode with stacking construction is placed scatterer and the 3rd polarizer between described second polarizer and described second liquid crystal panel, described scatterer is placed as and approaches described second polarizer most, and described the 3rd polarizer has following polarization orientation, and this polarization orientation is suitable for producing and has the polarised light that is orientated corresponding orientation with the needed input of described second liquid crystal panel.
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|---|---|---|---|
| US69754005P | 2005-07-11 | 2005-07-11 | |
| US60/697,540 | 2005-07-11 | ||
| US60/741,079 | 2005-12-01 |
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| CN101313595A true CN101313595A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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| CNA2006800331402A Pending CN101313595A (en) | 2005-07-11 | 2006-07-11 | Two-panel liquid crystal system with circular polarization and polarizer glasses suitable for three dimensional imaging |
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