CN101312769A - Fuel cell system for extinguishing fires - Google Patents
Fuel cell system for extinguishing fires Download PDFInfo
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- CN101312769A CN101312769A CNA2006800413578A CN200680041357A CN101312769A CN 101312769 A CN101312769 A CN 101312769A CN A2006800413578 A CNA2006800413578 A CN A2006800413578A CN 200680041357 A CN200680041357 A CN 200680041357A CN 101312769 A CN101312769 A CN 101312769A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
- A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a fire fighting system for extinguishing a fire is provided, which has a fuel cell for producing a nitrogen-enriched cathode exhaust air. The fuel cell is supplied with air and a fuel. Within the fuel cell, the air is then reduced to a determined oxygen content. The exhaust air is supplied to the fire source.
Description
Related application is quoted
The application requires the priority of German patent application of submitting on November 10th, 2,005 10 2,005 053694.8 and the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of submitting on November 18th, 2,005 60/738079, and the disclosure of above-mentioned application is incorporated this paper by reference into.
Technical field
The present invention relates to fire-fighting.Particularly, the present invention relates to the fire-fighting system that is used for putting out a fire, this fire-fighting system in purposes on boats and ships of purposes in building of the purposes of airborne vehicle, this fire-fighting system, this fire-fighting system, have the airborne vehicle of this fire-fighting system and be used for the method for fire-fighting.
Background technology
Over about 40 years, halogenated hydrocarbons (Halon) has been used to put out a fire on airborne vehicle.Halogenated hydrocarbons is the hydrocarbon of halo partially or completely, and this hydrocarbon is chemically participating in the chain reaction of fire and causing the interruption of this reaction thus.
Can't deny that Halon 1211 (the chloro-bromo-two fluoro-methane that are used for hand-held fire-extinguisher) and 1301 (the bromo-three fluoro-methane that are used for assembled fire extinguishing assembly) influences the formation of stratospheric ozone and therefore is included in the material that the United Nations's Montreal Agreement (Montreal Protocol of the United Nations) is forbidden.
Summary of the invention
Can be desirably in improved fire-fighting system is provided in the airborne vehicle.
According to an exemplary of the present invention, a kind of fire-fighting system that is used for fire extinguishing in the room is provided, this fire-fighting system comprises: the fuel cell and the conduit assembly that are used to produce rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air, described conduit assembly is used for rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air is guided to burning things which may cause a fire disaster, so that the oxygen content around the reduction burning things which may cause a fire disaster, thereby extinguish burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
Therefore, can provide in the effective room or object in fire-fighting system, this system utilizes the oxygen deprivation gas of fuel cell system and the discharging gas of rich nitrogen.Like this, can use the discharging gas of (board-internal) fuel cell system in the machine to be used for fire-fighting or to avoid fire hazard.In addition, extinguishing device can be littler dimensionally or even be cancelled fully.For this purpose, can use all types of fuel cells, for example alkaline fuel cell (AFC), Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), SOFC (SOFC) or direct ethanol/methanol fuel cell (DAFC/DMFC).
In this, electrolytical operating temperature may be unimportant, the important just composition of cathode exhaust air.It can comprise the inactive gas such as nitrogen etc.Therefore, fuel cell type and if necessary according to system's setting, described discharging gas can be dry or moisture.
Based on the inertness of nitrogen, nitrogen can be particularly well suited to fire-fighting in the room.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, fire-fighting system also has and is used for triggering (use) supplies with adjusting from rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air to burning things which may cause a fire disaster or control module.
The λ value of negative electrode that can be by changing fuel cell is carried out the adjusting of oxygen content.The representative of λ value is to the amount of oxygen and the ratio between the amount of oxygen that fuel battery inside transforms of fuel cell supply.Can supply with (hair-dryer) by the air of fuel metering battery and adjust this ratio.In the cathode exhaust air under the too high situation of oxygen content, must reduce that air is supplied with and therefore reduce the λ value.Therefore, can be by control the oxygen content in the room to the room enough cathode exhaust air of supply.
Therefore, automatically starting fire extinguishing procedure.In addition, can correspondingly regulate or readjust oxygen content according to the rules.Control/adjusting can automatically be carried out.For example, can when the people enters the room, regulate oxygen content, make that it is about 15vol%.Like this, can the guarantor can enter the room, but on the other hand, significantly reduce with respect to the fire hazard or the fire hazard of normal air.Thereby, go back defensibility or prophylactically use this fire-fighting system.
On the other hand, for example,, can guarantee that also the oxygen part always remains on below definite preset maximum value by regulating or control module, for example, less than 12vol% or less than littler value.
Certainly, adjusting or control module also can be designed to pure control module.At that rate, can manually regulate.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, regulate or control module is designed to control or the air of fuel metering cell cathode is supplied with, the fuel of anode of fuel cell is supplied with and/or to the supply of the rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air of burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
Therefore, can adjust the power of fuel cell according to demand, promptly supply with the power more or less that more or less fuel, air more or less or consumer need.In addition, rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air is introduced in the room can be controlled or regulate, wherein for example by regulating or control module is operated corresponding valve.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises and is used for measuring the detector that is selected from oxygen content in the room, the room in hydrogen content, the room measuring unit of at least one physical parameter of moisture content in temperature, room internal pressure and the room and is used to discern the condition of a fire in the room.In addition, fire-fighting system comprises that the physical parameter that is used for being measured by measuring unit is sent to the data wire of adjusting or control module.
Like this, can monitor situation in the room.For example, if the temperature in the room rises, if the perhaps development of smog in the room then in order to extinguish the intensity of a fire of development, can further reduce oxygen content by the supply of cathode exhaust air.Equally, can monitoring pressure.If pressure surpasses setting value, for example the value of setting up defences then can be supplied with rich nitrogen cathode exhaust gas, and wherein intensity of a fire parameter is relevant with the intensity of smog development.Automatic and the permanent maintenance of predefined parameter can be according to the adjusting of fire-fighting system of the present invention and the primary and foremost purpose of control module.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises the measuring unit of at least one physical parameter in the moisture content of discharging gas in the pressure, pipe-line system of discharging gas in the temperature, pipe-line system of discharging gas in the volume flow, pipe-line system of discharging gas in the amount of nitrogen oxides, pipe-line system of discharging gas in the carbon monoxide content, pipe-line system of discharging gas in the carbon dioxide content, pipe-line system of discharging gas in the hydrogen content that is used for measuring discharging gas in the oxygen content that is selected from pipe-line system discharging gas, the pipe-line system, the pipe-line system.In addition, fire-fighting system comprises that also the physical parameter that is used for being measured by measuring unit is sent to the data wire of adjusting and control module.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises the valve that is used for the discharging gas of pipe-line system is discharged into surrounding air.If for example the oxygen content of the discharging gas of pipe-line system surpasses or is lower than setting value, this can detect and it is sent to and regulate and control module by measuring unit so, and, if necessary, handle this valve, make discharging gas be not supplied in the room but be fed into surrounding air.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises the pressure-reducing valve that is used to regulate the room internal pressure.
If for example if the room internal pressure surpasses setup parameter above the pressure difference value between the surrounding environment in preset threshold or house interior and room, then can therefore discharge air.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises and is used to compress rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air so that the compressor reducer that extinguishing property strengthens and/or be used to cool off the heat exchanger of rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air.
Like this, rich nitrogen cathode air can be compressed before being fed into room or burning things which may cause a fire disaster or cool off.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises the water tank that is used to make the condenser of the airborne water condensation of rich nitrogen cathode exhaust and is used to store condensed water.
Like this, can produce cathode exhaust water, then with its storage.For example, cathode exhaust water can supply to the water supply installation of airborne vehicle from this storage device then, perhaps can be used to the purpose of putting out a fire when catching fire.
Direct pipeline (needn't store condensed water water tank) from condenser to the airborne vehicle water system can also be set.
In addition, because therefore the hydrogen converter may also can provide the supply from condenser to the hydrogen converter for being essential from hydrocarbon water generates hydrogen.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises and is used for weather Control Component that the room is regulated.Therefore, can under the situation that does not influence the oxygen content in the room, air be sucked, cool off and supply to again the room.In addition, the weather Control Component is used in fuel cell exhaust gas and is fed into before the room adjusted.Therefore, for example, after condensation, the temperature before supplying in the room is readjusted the level of determining.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises the supply line that is used for being provided by the fuel battery negative pole in room the air supply, can further reduce the oxygen content in the room thus.
In order further to increase fire resistance property, can for example when the oxygen part that further reduces in the room, connect this supply by control and adjusting device.(perhaps simultaneously) can supply with extraneous air or cabin atmosphere to fuel cell in other cases.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, regulate or control module be designed for control or regulate heat exchanger, compressor, pressure-reducing valve, discharge valve, weather Control Component and the hydrogen converter supplied water in one at least.
Therefore, according to specific requirement, can correspondingly cool off the temperature of introducing the rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air in the room.In addition, can adjust the compression degree that the anode that supplies in the room is supplied with gas, negative electrode supply gas or rich nitrogen cathode exhaust gas.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, cathode exhaust gas can interconnect with other fuel cell, the feasible supply that is used as other fuel cell from the air of a cathode exhaust.This causes the further reduction of oxygen content in the discharging gas of the fuel cell that interconnects.
According to another exemplary of the present invention of fire-fighting system, the cathode exhaust air also can with the device interconnecting that is used for reducing in addition oxygen.For this purpose, for example, air separation membrane may be fit to.It can be divided into cathode exhaust gas two streams: oxygen rich air air and rich nitrogen air.The oxygen rich air air is discharged in the atmosphere; And remaining rich nitrogen air is fed in the room.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, directly provide needed electric energy and heat energy the fire-fighting system from fuel cell.
Therefore, can not need outside energy to supply with.But this system can be with mode work and self produce power of keeping certainly.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, a kind of fire-fighting system is provided, this fire-fighting system also comprises supply pipeline and water-storing device, thus, can supply with water from water-storing device to burning things which may cause a fire disaster by supply pipeline.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, fire-fighting system also comprises the intermediate storage mean that is used to store rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air, and this intermediate storage mean can be drained in order to quick extinguishing when catching fire.
In addition, according to another exemplary of the present invention, the room that put out a fire is the room in the airborne vehicle.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, provide above-mentioned fire-fighting system to be used for extinguishing the purposes of the burning things which may cause a fire disaster of airborne vehicle.For example, the burning things which may cause a fire disaster in cargo hold, electronic compartment or narrow and small hidden zone.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, provide this fire-fighting system to be used for extinguishing the purposes of the burning things which may cause a fire disaster of boats and ships.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, provide this fire-fighting system to be used for extinguishing the purposes of the burning things which may cause a fire disaster of building.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, provide this fire prevention system to be used for the purposes that general oxygen reduces and the oxygen in simulation of relative height above sea level and room reduces.
In addition, provide a kind of airborne vehicle, this airborne vehicle comprises the above-mentioned fire-fighting system that is used for the fire-fighting of airborne vehicle room.
In addition, according to another exemplary of the present invention, provide a kind of fire-fighting method, wherein produce rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air by fuel cell, and should cause burning things which may cause a fire disaster by richness nitrogen cathode exhaust air,, thereby extinguish burning things which may cause a fire disaster with the oxygen content around the reduction burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
Like this, a kind of method can be provided, the airborne vehicle room fire-fighting that improves can be realized by this method.And can be optional such as the fire extinguishing system of Halon system.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, measure the physical parameter in the room, such as the development of smog in the temperature in the room, the pressure, oxygen content, moisture content, hydrogen content in the room or room in the room in the room in the room.The parameter of these measurements can be sent to from measuring unit then and regulate or control module, in order to trigger burning things which may cause a fire disaster is supplied with rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air.Can regulate the oxygen content of cathode exhaust gas by the λ of control module control cathode.In addition, air gas separation unit also can further reduce its oxygen content before cathode exhaust gas is supplied with burning things which may cause a fire disaster.
According to another exemplary of the present invention, physical parameter in the measuring channel system, for example moisture content of the pressure of the temperature of the volume flow of the amount of nitrogen oxides of the carbon monoxide content of the carbon dioxide content of the hydrogen content of the oxygen content of discharged air, discharged air, discharged air, discharged air, discharged air, discharged air, discharged air, discharged air and discharged air.In addition, fire-fighting system comprises the data wire that is used for transmitting to adjusting and control module from measuring unit measured physical parameter.
Like this, can guarantee as required, to regulate the oxygen content in the room respectively according to the precondition of working as in the room.
Other exemplary of the present invention is provided in the dependent claims.
Below, preferred illustrative embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the indicative flowchart according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 2 represents the indicative flowchart according to the fire-fighting system of another exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 3 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 4 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of another exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 5 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 6 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 7 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 8 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
Fig. 9 represents the schematic block diagram according to the fire-fighting system of an exemplary of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The describing of accompanying drawing is schematically and is not to scale (NTS).
In following description of drawings, use identical Reference numeral for identical or similar key element.
Fig. 1 represents the indicative flowchart according to the fire-fighting system of burning things which may cause a fire disaster in the room that is used for extinguishing airborne vehicle for example of an exemplary of the present invention.From Fig. 1 as seen, fire-fighting system 100 has fuel cell or fuel cell module 1, and it is arranged on the entrance side with corresponding raw material 5,9, and the air 2 that discharges electric energy 101, heat energy 102 and have the oxygen part of minimizing.The design of fuel cell 1, water vapour can be added in air and the fuel cell.For the fireproof purpose, the air 1 that oxygen is reduced is supplied to claimed room by respective lines 16 then.
Fig. 2 represents the indicative flowchart according to the fire-fighting system 100 of another exemplary of the present invention.In system shown in Figure 2, discharged air 2 is divided into water 20 and dry rich nitrogen (oxygen deprivation gas) air 202 by condenser 19.Here, have only dry rich nitrogen air 202, supply to the fire that will extinguish by pipeline 16 as inactive protective gas.
Can make all rooms and object " torpescence becomes " by the discharged air of fuel cell, perhaps, can extinguish all fire in room and the object with the cathode exhaust air.
Oxygen content is being reduced to when being lower than about 15vol%, these rooms and object can not be as the permanent domiciles of humans and animals.When oxygen content was about 17vol%, the probability that catches fire reduced greatly, still, still can hang up one's hat for the people.The oxygen part that reduces can reduce the danger of catching fire or exploding.
The application of fuel cell exhaust gas can be eco-friendly and be nontoxic.
When using fuel cell to obtain electric current, heat and/or water, oxygen deprivation gas air can be used as byproduct and is eliminated.
Fire-fighting system 100 can be used in motor vehicle or extinguishing device or the airborne vehicle, and is used for for example interior static application of building.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 schematically show the schematic diagram according to the fire-fighting system 100 of other exemplary of the present invention.When using fuel cell 1, can use all types of fuel cells.In addition, a plurality of fuel cells 1 can be set, these fuel cells 1 battery pack that for example acts as a fuel links together, and perhaps is installed in (standby) (referring to the fuel cell system among Fig. 4 501,502,503 and room 504,505) on the position separately.Like this, the security of fire-fighting system 100 of the present invention can further increase.
When using fuel cell 1, for example, can use so-called alkaline fuel cell (AFC), Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), SOFC (SOFC) or direct ethanol/methanol fuel cell (DAFC/DMFC).But other type of fuel cell also is possible with desirable.
As can be seen from Figure 3, fuel cell 1 is supplied with fuel 3 in anode-side, and at cathode side air supply 4.
But supply to the fuel 3 fuel cell types of anode 31 and change.It is that the fuel cell of what type may be unimportant.For example, can use hydrogen to act as a fuel 3, hydrogen for example can be from hydrocarbon (as being present in the airborne vehicle fuel) conversion and storage and is obtained.When hydrogen transforms, need water, can provide water from water storage device to converter by supply pipeline.
Monitor and fuel metering battery supply 5 by measurement, control and regulon 6.Like this, this unit can be used as the sensor operation, and its measurement volumes, temperature, pressure or quality, and the further subsequently physical parameter of handling corresponding measurement are so that carry out control corresponding or adjusting based on the physical parameter of described corresponding measurement then.The data of measuring can send central authorities' control/regulon 23 to by circuit 27, and this central authorities' control/regulon 23 is supplied with 5 to fuel then and regulated accordingly, for example by correspondingly regulating corresponding valve.
In order to make fuel 3 have the temperature and pressure level of fuel cell 1, if necessary, heat exchanger 7 and/or compressor reducer 8 are connected with fuel cell 1.
The cathode side air of fuel battery negative pole 32 supplies with 9 can be by measurement, control and regulon 10 to supply with the monitored and control/adjusting of 5 similar modes with fuel.Here, other measurement parameter also has air fed volume, temperature, pressure, quality or mass flow and λ value (excess air) or purity.
Here, can send the data of measuring to central authorities control/regulon 23 by circuit 26, this central authorities' control/regulon 23 is supplied with 9 to air then and is carried out corresponding valve regulation etc.
In addition, filter unit 11, air blown producer 12, heat exchanger 13 or compressor reducer 14 can be connected with regulon 23 with fuel cell 1 and control individually or with any combination.
Supply with 9 about air, it may be important comprising nitrogen in the air.In airborne vehicle, for example can use outside or cabin atmosphere.
In addition, can air be reintroduced to the fuel cell 1 from room 25 or the object 25 of supplying with rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air 2 by pipeline 15.Oxygen part in the room 25 can further reduce, and fire prevention or fire-fighting may become more effective thus.
Also can control/regulate 23 by central authorities and control or regulate pipeline 15 and other air supply 4.
Importantly, cathode exhaust gas 2 has minimum oxygen part and has than cathode side air and supplies with 9 higher nitrogen parts.The fuel cell type, as long as in the reaction of cathode side generation hydrogen/oxygen, the cathode exhaust air just may contain the product water of acquisition.
This discharged air 2 is owing to the nitrogen of its increase part has inactive performance, this can cause fire at first can not exist or at least transmission intensity more than result low under the normal condition.
For example, oxygen conversion (λ) the be 2 cathode exhaust air 2 of (meaning that 50% supply oxygen generates water with hydrogen reaction in fuel cell 1) the oxygen part of 10.5vol.% of still only having an appointment.Normal air has the oxygen part of about 21vol.%.
This discharged air can directly supply to room or object 15 by pipe-line system 16, and helps to reduce the oxygen part in room or the object 25 thus.
By measuring unit 401,403 (referring to Fig. 4), at least one physical parameter in the oxygen of continuous monitoring cathode exhaust air part, hydrogen part, pressure, temperature, moisture content, volume flow, carbon dioxide and the carbon monoxide content.For example in supplying to room 25 or supply to the measurement point 402,404,405 of setting up other in the anode inlet of fuel cell or the pipe-line system before the cathode inlet 16.The data of measuring are sent to central authorities' control and regulon 23.According to circumstances, pressure-reducing valve switches to the room with supply or is discharged in the environment.
By compressor reducer 17 and/or heat exchanger 18, rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air 2 can be compressed before supplying to room/object 25 and/or cool off.
As mentioned above, the fuel cell type, rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air 2 contains water where necessary.In this case, can connect condenser 19 (except that compressor reducer 17 and heat exchanger 18 or) as their replacement scheme.Condenser 19 makes the water-cooled coalescence be stored in it in water tank 20 or directly guides to outside water system 201.Water system 20 can be a machine internal consumption device, but also can be the additional fire extinguishing system 32 that is used to put out a fire.Should additional fire extinguishing system 32 also can control by controlled adjuster 23.When being provided with hydrogen converter 405, condensed water can supply to the converter process.
As previously mentioned, the air of remaining wet slightly or bone dry according to degree of condensation now can be directly or is supplied to burning things which may cause a fire disaster 41 in the room 25 by compressor reducer 21.
Direction valve 34 can will be directed to storage container 36 through the rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air behind the condenser 19.The compressor reducer 35 rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air of compression that connect under the necessary situation also increase storage density.Under the situation of catching fire, rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air can flow out from storage container 36 and can supply to pipe-line system 16 by pressure-regulating valve 37 and terminal 38,39.
In order to increase the extinguishing ability of rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air, can directly to pipeline or pipeline, system 16, supply with extra water from pipeline 40.And, the pipeline or the pipe-line system 40 of separating with rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air can be set.Water therefore can be shown in line 43 from fuel cell itself, or freely control/external source 42 that adjuster 23 is controlled.
Another aspect of the present invention is that rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air is used to that fire is extinguished or the combination of the application that stops and common fire extinguisher/extinguishing method 32.In this, for example, water smoke assembly, CO are set
2, nitrogen, argon gas, FM200 or Novec etc. and the rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air of fuel cell combination.
When catching fire, can provide outside fire extinguishing means by identical pipeline or pipeline compartment system 16 or independent 31 pairs of burning things which may cause a fire disaster of system.This independent system 31 also can be by 23 controls of control/adjuster.
The following describes two exemplary:
-discern burning things which may cause a fire disaster 41 automatically by fiery recognition system 22.Fire recognition system 22 activates fire-extinguishing function concurrently by control-regulon 23, as the supply of rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air.For example, in airborne vehicle, fiery recognition system 22 is announced breaking out of fire by control module 23 to the flight crew, makes the pilot can manually activate fire-extinguishing function concurrently.
-utilization is moved and is used, and for example utilizes spray or fuel cell hand-held fire-extinguisher to come manually also directly to extinguish burning things which may cause a fire disaster 41.Automatically discern and/or extinguish therefore Chang Buyu fire-fighting system 100 direct combinations.
For fire extinguishing effectively, can make the air in the room 25 be reduced to definite oxygen content.According to purposes, oxygen content can change.
When oxygen content is 15vol%, many materials will no longer burn.Generally still can enter the room.
For example, to 23 programmings of control/adjuster, make that the oxygen content in the room 25 remains on 15vol% consistently.But, also can carry out other programming.For example, can make that the oxygen content in the room 25 is in below adjustable threshold value always to 23 programmings of control/adjuster.Therefore if near this threshold value, can connect other fuel cell so if necessary or can increase the power of fuel cell and increase volume flow from the below.
The pressure-reducing valve 24 of adjustable pressure can be set in addition.
But measurement mechanism 22 continuous measurement oxygen contents, temperature and pressure.Corresponding information is transferred to regulates or control module 23.
For example (by means of video camera), development that also can vision-based detection smog.The electronic evaluating image of catching then, and can be sent to passenger cabin if necessary, make the pilot can form the image of situation in the room 25.
In addition, the weather Control Component can be set, its from the room 25 suction airs, it is heated or cools off and it is supplied to the room again.Like this, for example, when in the room, heating, needn't be from the outside to the room air supply.Like this, oxygen content can keep constant and temperature controllable.In addition, the weather Control Component also can be used for the adjustment of supply pipeline 16.
Regulate or control module 23 concrete regulate and/or control example as the air of the oxygen content that is used for regulating discharging gas supply with 9, fuel supplies with 5, the supply 2 of rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air and be installed in all valves, heat exchanger, compressor reducer, weather Control Component and air blown producer in the fire-fighting system 100.
Can be by circuit 29 described control of control and regulating systems.Can be by the supply pipeline 16 of valve 30 adjustings from room 25.
In addition, can be from fuel cell 1, provide system the required electric energy and the heat energy that for example are used for compressor reducer, heat exchanger or weather Control Component from external source (not shown Fig. 3) or from both combination.
Fig. 6 schematically shows being connected in series of fuel cell 601,602.The cathode exhaust air of fuel cell 601 is supplied with at the air that this can be used as another fuel cell 602.Like this, the oxygen content of the cathode exhaust air of second fuel cell 602 can further reduce.Be unlikely to because fuel cell needs certain oxygen part in negative electrode is supplied with since oxygen very little and " suffocating ", therefore, this technical configuration only is possible to a certain extent.The supply pipeline that fuel cell to the supply pipeline and the last fuel cell 602 of another fuel cell enters room 603 can comprise the configuration of as shown in Figure 3 measurement mechanism, compressor reducer and heat exchanger.
Fig. 7 represents another embodiment.At this, cathode exhaust air 701 is connected with another device 702 that is used for the oxygen minimizing of for example air separation membrane.Like this, in supplying to room 703 before, the oxygen content of cathode exhaust air further reduces.Air separation membrane is divided into air the air stream of oxygen rich air and rich nitrogen.Oxygen rich air partly is released in the environment, and rich nitrogen part then is introduced in the room.
The general principle that reduces oxygen with fuel cell 601 shown in Figure 8.In following field, can replenish for fire-fighting, goods storage, altitutde training and many other advantage of the oxygen minimizing that is provided is provided by fuel cell.The operation of fuel cells peace and quiet, discharge capacity is low and electric current and heat generation efficient very high.Fashionable with the set of applications of all oxygen minimizings, fuel cell becomes energy and security system.Electric current and Re Ke use in this locality or supply with.Emission gases reduces the oxygen content in the room 801.Make room 801 avoid catching fire, and reduce the oxidative phenomena of storage goods.Provide another advantage by the fuel battery operation temperature that reaches at least 70 ℃, the almost aseptic/sterilization that makes that discharging gas can be considered to be.
Fuel cell can provide energy to supply with and fire-fighting in a system.
Shown in Figure 9 have the energy that satisfies certainly of additional application and the schematic block diagram of security system in motion, medical treatment, logistics field.Adopt renewable mode to produce electric current and in electrolysis unit 901, supply with electric current with diverse ways.For example carry out the generation of electric current by photocell 902, waterpower 903, wind-force 904 or in other mode 905.Corresponding generator 906 (for example, power station or wind turbine) is introduced electric current to electrolysis unit 901.Electrolysis unit produces hydrogen and oxygen from water.Oxygen for example can be used for commercial Application or is discharged in the environment.The hydrogen that produces can be stored in the storage device 907, perhaps can directly supply to fuel cell 908.As the replacement scheme of electrolysis unit, can produce hydrogen by the converter 909 that provides via biogas storage device 911, hydrocarbon storage device 912 or natural gas storage device 913.Oxygen can be stored in the storage device 910.
Except hydrogen, fuel cell need be by supplying with 914 air of supplying with.The energy of the generation of hot and electric form can supply to heat loss device 915 or electric consumption device 916, and perhaps networking is supplied with.Similarly, can use the water 923 of generation.The application possibility of oxygen deprivation gas air 917 is a lot, for example is used to prevent fires 919, is used for altitude simulation 920 and is used for medical purpose 921 or be used to reduce food or plastics store oxidation.
In separator 918, the water of oxygen deprivation gas air with generation is separated.
The present invention is not limited to preferred embodiment shown in the drawings in its design.In addition, the scheme shown in the utilization and principle of the present invention and basically other different embodiment imagine a plurality of variation patterns.
In addition, it should be noted that key element or the step of not getting rid of " comprising " other, do not add numeral-classifier compound modification or " one " and do not get rid of a plurality of.And, it should be noted that with reference to described feature in the above embodiment or step and can also be used in combination with the further feature or the step of above-mentioned other embodiment.Reference numeral in the claim should not be considered as restriction.
Claims (26)
1. fire-fighting system that is used to extinguish burning things which may cause a fire disaster in the room, described fire-fighting system (100) comprising:
Fuel cell (1), it is used to produce rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air; With
Conduit assembly (16), it is used for described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air is supplied to burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) with reduction burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) oxygen content on every side, thereby extinguishes burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41).
2. according to the fire-fighting system (100) of claim 1, also comprise:
Regulate or control module (23), it is used for triggering to burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) supplies with described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air.
3. according to the fire-fighting system (100) of claim 2,
Wherein, described adjusting or control module (23) are configured to for supplying with (9) to the air of the negative electrode of fuel cell (1), supplying with (5) and the one at least in the supply of the described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air of burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) is controlled or regulated to the fuel of the anode of fuel cell (1).
4. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the claim 1～3, also comprise:
First measuring unit (6,10,22), it is used for measuring interior temperature, the pressure in room (25) and developing at least one physical parameter of smog in room (25) in oxygen content, the hydrogen content in the room, room (25) that is selected from the room (25); With
Data wire (26,27,28), it is used for measured physical parameter is sent to described adjusting and control module (23) from described first measuring unit (22).
5. according to each fire-fighting system in the aforementioned claim, also comprise:
Second measuring unit, it is used for measuring at least one physical parameter in the moisture content of discharged air in the pressure, pipe-line system of discharged air in the temperature, pipe-line system of discharged air in the volume flow, pipe-line system of discharged air in the amount of nitrogen oxides, pipe-line system of discharged air in the carbon monoxide content, pipe-line system of discharged air in the carbon dioxide content, pipe-line system of discharged air in the hydrogen content, pipe-line system of discharged air in the oxygen content that is selected from the pipe-line system discharged air, the pipe-line system.
6. according to each fire-fighting system in the aforementioned claim, also comprise:
Data wire, it is used for measured physical parameter is sent to described adjusting and control module from described first or second measuring unit.
7. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim, also comprise:
Pressure-reducing valve (23), it is used to regulate the pressure in the room (25).
8. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim, also comprise:
Compressor reducer (17,21), it is used to compress described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air to improve extinguishing ability; And/or
Heat exchanger (18), it is used to cool off described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air.
9. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim, also comprise:
Condenser (19), it is used to make the airborne water condensation of described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust to come out; With
Be used to store the water tank (20) of condensed water.
10. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim, also comprise:
Supply pipeline (15), it is used to the negative electrode of fuel cell (1) to provide from the air of room (25) and supplies with (9), can further reduce the oxygen content in the room (25) thus.
11., also comprise according to each fire-fighting system in the aforementioned claim:
The thermoregulator weather Control Component that is used for the room.
12. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim,
Wherein, described adjusting and control module (23) further are configured to control or regulate for described heat exchanger (18), described compressor reducer (8,14,17,21), described pressure-reducing valve (24), described weather Control Component, discharge valve and the one at least in described hydrogen converter supplies water.
13. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim,
Wherein, directly supply with needed electric energy and heat energy in the described fire-fighting system (100) by described fuel cell (1).
14., also comprise according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim:
Supply pipeline (40);
Water-storing device (42);
Wherein, can be by described supply pipeline (40) to the water of burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) supply from described water-storing device.
15., also comprise according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim:
Be used to store the intermediate storage mean (36) of described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air, described intermediate storage mean (36) can be when catching fire emptying with quick extinguishing.
16., also comprise according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim:
Independent fire extinguishing system (32) based on common fire extinguishing means or extinguishing method.
17., also comprise according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim:
Second or air separation membrane cell (602), it is connected the oxygen content in order to the described cathode exhaust air of further reduction with described first fuel cell (1).
18. according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the aforementioned claim, wherein said room is the room in the airborne vehicle.
19. be used for the purposes of room (25) fire-fighting of airborne vehicle according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the claim 1～18.
20. be used for the purposes of the room fire-fighting of building according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the claim 1～18, wherein said fire-fighting system has and is configured in described room air outside and supplies with.
21. be used for the purposes of the room fire-fighting of boats and ships according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the claim 1～18.
22. be used for the purposes of the general oxygen minimizing in room according to each fire-fighting system (100) in the claim 1～18.
23. an airborne vehicle, it comprises in the claim 1～18 each the fire-fighting system that is used for the airborne vehicle fire-fighting (100).
24. a fire-fighting method, this method may further comprise the steps:
Utilize fuel cell (1) to produce rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air;
Described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air is supplied to burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41),, thereby extinguishes burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) with reduction burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41) oxygen content on every side.
25., further comprising the steps of according to the method for claim 24:
Triggering is supplied with described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air to burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41).
26., further comprising the steps of according to the method for claim 24 or 25:
Measurement is selected from least one physical parameter in the detection of the interior pressure in temperature, the moisture content the room in, room (25) in oxygen content in the room (25), the hydrogen content the room in, room (25) and room (25) interior fiery characteristic; With
, be used for triggering and supply with described rich nitrogen cathode exhaust air to the physical parameter of regulating or control module (23) transmission is measured from measuring unit (22) to burning things which may cause a fire disaster (41).
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005053694A DE102005053694B3 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2005-11-10 | Fuel cell for extinguishing aircraft fires has air and fuel used to produce nitrogen discharge at cathode to suppress fire |
| DE102005053694.8 | 2005-11-10 | ||
| US73807905P | 2005-11-18 | 2005-11-18 | |
| US60/738,079 | 2005-11-18 | ||
| PCT/EP2006/010764 WO2007054316A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-09 | Fuel cell system for extinguishing fires |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101312769A true CN101312769A (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| CN101312769B CN101312769B (en) | 2013-01-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800413578A Active CN101312769B (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2006-11-09 | Fuel cell system for extinguishing fires |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4815492B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101312769B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0618029A2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005053694B3 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104487141A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2015-04-01 | 祖迪雅克航空技术公司 | Fuel cell devices for fire and/or explosion prevention |
| CN108452452A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-28 | 波音公司 | Combustibility reduces and the system and method for ventilation |
| CN108615915A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of hydrogen fuel cell water supply energy supplying system applied to fire fighting truck |
| CN108657434A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of fire airplane for energy supply of being supplied water using hydrogen fuel cell |
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| DE102007046381B4 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2011-07-28 | Airbus Operations GmbH, 21129 | Fuel cell system with suction for an aircraft, method for operating the fuel cell system and aircraft with such a fuel cell system |
| DE102010032075A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Hydrogen production by means of hydrogenated polysilanes for the operation of fuel cells |
| US20120217028A1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-30 | Kidde Technologies, Inc. | Active odorant warning |
| DE102012002131B4 (en) | 2012-02-03 | 2021-07-29 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Emergency supply system for a means of transport, method for providing electrical power and for suppressing fire and means of transport with an emergency supply system |
| GB201204959D0 (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-05-02 | Airbus Operations Ltd | Conditioning system for fuel cell exhaust |
| EP2712013B1 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2018-08-15 | Airbus Operations GmbH | Fuel cell system for an aircraft, method for operating a fuel cell system in an aircraft and aircraft with such a fuel cell system |
| JP7277985B2 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2023-05-19 | マイクロコントロールシステムズ株式会社 | Power generators and power generation systems for processing equipment or processing systems, and such processing equipment or processing systems |
| JP6851272B2 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2021-03-31 | 日立グローバルライフソリューションズ株式会社 | Storage and refrigerator using it |
| JP7092329B2 (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2022-06-28 | マイクロコントロールシステムズ株式会社 | Equipment and methods that can supply electric power and low oxygen gas |
| JP7176716B2 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-11-22 | マイクロコントロールシステムズ株式会社 | Compressed gas supply system and equipment using natural energy, and power supply system |
| US11040306B2 (en) | 2018-04-05 | 2021-06-22 | Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation | Fuel tank inerting system |
| US10940346B2 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2021-03-09 | The Boeing Company | Fire extinguishing system and method therefor |
| KR102426977B1 (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2022-07-28 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Hybrid ship |
| CN112516491A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-19 | 罗光才 | Electric power is capacitor fault protection treatment facility for reactive compensation |
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| DE10152964C1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-08-21 | Airbus Gmbh | Extinguishing system for extinguishing a fire that has broken out inside the cabin or cargo hold of a passenger aircraft |
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| DE10205373B4 (en) * | 2002-02-09 | 2007-07-19 | Aloys Wobben | Fire protection |
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| ATE464104T1 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2010-04-15 | Amrona Ag | INERTIZATION METHOD FOR EXTINGUISHING A FIRE |
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- 2006-11-09 CN CN2006800413578A patent/CN101312769B/en active Active
- 2006-11-09 JP JP2008539345A patent/JP4815492B2/en active Active
- 2006-11-09 BR BRPI0618029-9A patent/BRPI0618029A2/en active Search and Examination
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104487141A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2015-04-01 | 祖迪雅克航空技术公司 | Fuel cell devices for fire and/or explosion prevention |
| CN108452452A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2018-08-28 | 波音公司 | Combustibility reduces and the system and method for ventilation |
| CN108615915A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of hydrogen fuel cell water supply energy supplying system applied to fire fighting truck |
| CN108657434A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of fire airplane for energy supply of being supplied water using hydrogen fuel cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0618029A2 (en) | 2011-08-16 |
| JP2009514631A (en) | 2009-04-09 |
| JP4815492B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
| CN101312769B (en) | 2013-01-09 |
| DE102005053694B3 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
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