CN101311286A

CN101311286A - Process for producing nickel iron from low catarinite

Info

Publication number: CN101311286A
Application number: CNA2007101072242A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 万天骥; 任大宁; 孔令坛; 黄务涤; 任江涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-05-24
Filing date: 2007-05-24
Publication date: 2008-11-26

Abstract

A method utilizes lean ferronickel ores to produce ferronickel which is taken as raw material for smelting stainless steel. The lean ferronickel ores containing very low ferronickel (less than one percent, for example) are processed. After the selective reduction is carried out, the metallization rate of iron is 20 to 80 percent, which depends on the grade of the nickel and iron in the ore as well as nickel content demand in the ferronickel products, so the method solves the problem that a large quantity of the lean ferronickel ores (laterite ores) cannot be utilized for a long time, thus enlarging nickel resources. High oxidative iron slag generated by smelting ferronickel leads the iron to be recycled by an electric furnace or a submerged arc furnace; meanwhile, the slag has stronger dephosphorizing capability.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing poor josephinite to produce ferronickel

Title of the present invention:

A kind of method of utilizing poor josephinite to produce ferronickel

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the special iron production field, relating to the metallization of a kind of iron and nickel is reducing and smelting technology.

Background technology:

Nickel is the grand strategy goods and materials, also is to produce stainless important source material, along with the application of stainless steel on the industry and the people's livelihood enlarges day by day, the demand of nickel increases rapidly, because the nickel that the production stainless steel is used mainly is to be provided by ferronickel, so the production of ferronickel is most important except that electrolytic nickel.Existing ferronickel production is with oxidized ore (laterite) pyrogenic attack, through electric furnace or blast furnace retailoring, obtains nickel-containing molten iron., because resource limit, of high grade limited of nickel in the general laterite, the josephinite that contains that a large amount of grades are low then is difficult to utilize, the ferronickel of producing is nickeliferous too low, thereby can't utilize for a long time, presses for to develop to utilize poor ferronickel ore to produce the ferronickel of meeting the market requirement.

Summary of the invention:

Problem to be solved by this invention is to utilize poor josephinite to produce the technology of nickeliferous higher ferronickel, particularly solve a large amount of also unserviceable nickeliferous very low (as being lower than 1%) now and iron content higher (as more than 20%) laterite utilize problem, enlarged the resource of nickel.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is with poor laterite fragmentation, by certain prescription and coal dust, ground flux and binding agent mixed pelletizing, after the operations such as drying, preheating, roasting and selective reduction, to produce ferronickel and corresponding slag through the molten stove that divides again.And the ferric oxide in the slag is also further recycled.

Because the slag that contains ferric oxide has strong dephosphorizing capacity, 90% phosphorus is all taken off to slag, thereby improved the quality of ferronickel.

At first various raw materials are via breeze storehouse (1), Pulverized Coal Bin (2), after preparing burden by certain prescription in flux storehouse (3) and binding agent storehouse (4), mix to mixing equipment (5), again through ball press (6) pressure ball and drying machine (7) oven dry, add roasting apparatus (8) then and add thermal bake-out and reduction, make the degree of metalization of nickel reach 100% substantially, and the ferrous metal rate is controlled at 20～80%, decide on the grade height of iron in ore and nickel and the requirement of the nickeliferous level of product ferronickel, carry out selective reduction, promptly limit and reduce iron and enter in the ferronickel, rather than as-reduced iron reoxidized removal, this is a key of the present invention, promptly the flow direction of iron is controlled, then just there is more iron to enter in the slag molten the branch in the stove (9) as the metallization of iron is low, thereby the grade of the nickel in the ferronickel is improved, obtain nickeliferous higher ferronickel water in next step operation, enter iron ladle (10), cast ferro nickel ingot or molten iron direct heat and send as producing the stainless steel raw material.In addition, be called for short high scum, can establish further melting of reduction furnace (12) in addition by the molten slag that contains a large amount of ferric oxide that divides stove to come out, make this iron obtain to reclaim, produce regular pig, enter iron ladle (13) after, further ingot bar or direct heat are sent and are made steelmaking feed.Corresponding common slag then enters grain slag or granulated processed system (14), so that further recycle.

Above roasting reduction operation adopts rotary hearth furnace, rotary kiln or other facility, joins technologies such as carbon and temperature by regulation and control and realizes selective reduction, removes crystal water simultaneously.The reduction furnace of high scum adopts electric arc furnace or the hot stove in ore deposit (being submerged arc furnace), and relevant auxiliary facilities.

Description of drawings:

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Accompanying drawing is this technical process that utilizes poor josephinite to produce ferronickel.In the accompanying drawings: 1, laterite ore storage bin 2, coal bunker 3, flux storehouse 4, binding agent storehouse 5, mixing equipment 6, balling equipment 7, drying machine 8, reducing roasting equipment 9, molten stove 10, ferronickel treatment facility 11, high cast-iron slag pot 12, reducing and smelting furnace 13, iron ladle 14, the slag handling system of dividing

Embodiment 1:

To obtain low ferronickel water is target, is example with 1t oven dry ore deposit, and wherein nickel content is 0.5～0.6%, with addition of the coal dust and the limestone powder of q.s, because fixed carbon content is low in the coal, can carries out semicoke in advance and handle, to help improving degree of metalization.The batch mixing pressure ball is delivered to pre-reducing furnace and is reduced, and makes every effort to high degree of metalization (supposing 80%), delivers to the molten branch of submerged arc furnace again.Estimate to need to add the reduction eventually that the 21kg carbon dust is used for molten timesharing, the 539kw.h of power consumption simultaneously.Finally can obtain nickeliferous 1.15% molten iron 493kg, slag 270kg.

Embodiment 2:

With middle ferronickel water is target.

Be example still with 1t oven dry ore deposit, carry out the batch mixing pressure ball with addition of an amount of coal dust and limestone powder, delivering to pre-reducing furnace again reduces, wherein the reduction temperature of nickel is lower, according to element selective reduction and iron step-by-step reduction theory, when ferric oxide is finished the first step reduction, nickel and reduction fully, this moment, the degree of metalization of iron was about 33%.Deliver to electric arc furnace then and melt branch, estimate power consumption 645kw.h.Can obtain nickeliferous about 3.5% ferronickel 165.3kg, wherein the content of nickel is relevant with the nickel content in the raw ore, and when nickel content reached 1% in the raw ore, the nickel in the ferronickel can reach 7%.Molten iron is come out of the stove, and remaining high scum carries out the coal powder injection reduction in the electric arc furnace, need to estimate the 70.5kg carbon dust, the 273kw.h of power consumption simultaneously.After finishing, reduction slags tap (middle slag), approximately 269.4kg.Join slag at last once more and regulate hot metal composition, obtain molten steel and finishing slag, wherein molten steel is about 328.3kg.

Above power consumption is calculated and all is assumed to be the pelletizing cold charge, if take the hot charging mode, can obviously reduce current consumption.

Claims

1, the present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing poor josephinite (laterite) to produce ferronickel, it is characterized in that carrying out selective reduction, even the degree of metalization of the nickel in the ore deposit reaches 100%, and the degree of metalization of iron is controlled at 20～80%, thereby can improve the nickel content of ferronickel, a large amount of long-term unserviceable poor josephinites are utilized.

2, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that joining carbon and temperature by regulation and control realizes the choosing reduction, impel the degree of metalization of nickel to reach 100% and the degree of metalization of iron is controlled at 20～80%, decide on nickeliferous requirement in the grade of nickel in the ore deposit and iron and the product ferronickel.

3, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that containing the high slag of ferric oxide through what superfusion divided that the back produces, through the further retailoring of the hot stove of electric furnace or ore deposit, make this part iron obtain recycling.Produced simultaneously final slag also recycles.

4, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that poor josephinite is after fragmentation, obtain the ferronickel product with coal dust solvent powder and binding agent by certain prescription mixing, pressure ball, drying, roasting, the molten branch, the further retailoring of high oxidation scum simultaneously obtains the product pig iron and slag with the iron that reclaims wherein.

5, according to claim 1 and claim 4, it is characterized in that roasting reduction equipment adopts rotary hearth furnace or rotary kiln, realize roasting removal crystal water and selective reduction.

6, according to claim 1 and claim 4, it is characterized in that molten minute stove behind the rotary hearth furnace reduction is that the hot stove of electric arc furnace or ore deposit is a submerged arc furnace, making the nickeliferous molten iron slag higher with containing ferric oxide is that the high oxidation scum separates, thereby obtains the ferronickel product.

7, according to claim 1 and claim 6, it is characterized in that the high oxidation scum after submerged arc furnace or electric arc furnace reduction fusing, obtains regular pig and slag, make the iron in the high oxidation scum obtain to recycle, and slag is also recycled after treatment.

8, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the high slag of containing oxygen iron has stronger dephosphorizing capacity, 90% phosphorus is all taken off to slag, thereby improved the ferronickel quality.