The runner plate module of fuel cell
[technical field]
The invention relates to a kind of fuel cell, particularly about a kind of runner plate module of fuel cell.
[background technology]
Fuel cell (Fuel Cell) is a kind of by electrochemical reaction, directly utilizes hydrogen-containing fuel and air to produce the device of electric power.Because fuel cell has advantages such as low pollution, low noise, high efficiency, is the energy technology that meets epoch trend.In various dissimilar fuel cells, modal have two types of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) and direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
Consult shown in Figure 1ly, the runner plate module 1 of known fuel cell includes a mea 11 (Membrane Electrode Assemble is abbreviated as MEA), and its outside is then established an anode flow channel plate 12 and a cathode runner plate 13 respectively.Wherein mea 11 is by a proton exchange membrane 111 (Proton Exchange Membrane, PEM), an anode catalyst layer 112, a cathode catalysts layer 113, an anode diffusion layer 114 (Diffusion Layer, GDL), a cathode diffusion layer 115 forms.Wherein anode flow channel plate 12 is made of graphite usually with cathode runner plate 13, and its inner surface is respectively equipped with can be for the runner 121,131 of reagent flow.
Methanol aqueous solution in the runner 121 of anode flow channel plate 12, and during with anode catalyst layer 112 reaction of mea 11, needs the catalyst homogeneous reaction that good runner design can make methanol aqueous solution and anode catalyst layer 112 through the pump transportation flow.In addition, can generate during the reaction of methanol aqueous solution and catalyst anodic product (for example: carbon dioxide), the design of the flow passage structure of anode flow channel plate also need possess with anodic product discharge smoothly function.
In the flow passage structure design of known anode flow channel plate, employing serpentine flow path (as Fig. 2) or runner in parallel different structures such as (as Fig. 3) are arranged.Be laid with the serpentine flow path 121a in the path of unrolling on the anode flow channel plate 12 of serpentine flow path, the end of serpentine flow path 121a is to be communicated in anode fuel inlet 14, and the other end then is communicated in anode fuel outlet 15.Be laid with the runner 121b in parallel in several paths in parallel on the anode flow channel plate 12 of runner in parallel, the common ends of runner 121b in parallel is to be communicated in anode fuel inlet 14, and another common ends then is communicated in anode fuel outlet 15.
Though above-mentioned runner plate can both reach the purpose that fluid (methanol aqueous solution) is carried, but still has had shortcoming separately.For example, the design of serpentine flow path, because flow channel length is longer, cause fluid crushing of (shown in the arrow direction) when carrying excessive, so needing can to drive methanol aqueous solution with the pump than big pressure flows, and the methanol solution of serpentine flow path upstream just flow to the downstream after reaction, make that the methanol aqueous solution concentration in downstream is low than the upstream.That is there has been the problem of methanol concentration inequality in the design of this kind serpentine flow path.And the design of runner in parallel, though improved the problem of the upstream and downstream methanol concentration inequality of serpentine flow path, but the flow in each runner in parallel has the problem of distributing inequality, and when producing the carbon dioxide accumulation in the runner, make the flow resistance of runner increase, cause fuel easily towards the runner circulation of other less flow resistance, cause carbon dioxide to be difficult for the problem of getting rid of.
[summary of the invention]
The runner plate module that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fuel cell, structural design with the first water conservancy diversion group and the second water conservancy diversion group makes the fuel transportation flow road of runner plate have good flow field, so the fuel that makes anode fuel be distributed on runner plate is carried in the runner.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of runner plate module of fuel cell, makes the fuel concentration homogeneous of runner plate by the structure of the first water conservancy diversion group and the second water conservancy diversion group.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of runner plate module of fuel cell, by the baffler setting of symmetry, makes fuel by the flow field time, and the assignment of traffic of each runner is even.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of runner plate module of fuel cell, comprise at least one runner plate, each runner plate comprises:
One body, comprise that a fuel inlet wall, that offers a fuel inlet offers fuel outlet wall and two corresponding side walls faces of a fuel outlet, those walls define a fuel and carry runner, this fuel is carried runner to divide into central authorities to conflux zone and position at the conflux Diverging area of regional both sides of these central authorities, this fuel inlet and fuel outlet are positioned at these central authorities zone of confluxing, one fuel is derived direction with a fluid and is derived by this fuel outlet after being directed into this fuel conveying runner by this fuel inlet;
One first water conservancy diversion group includes several first bafflers, derives direction compartment of terrain cloth along this fluid and is listed in these central authorities zone of confluxing, and the length direction of each first baffler is perpendicular to this fluid and derives direction;
Two second water conservancy diversion groups, be respectively about accordingly cloth be listed in the Diverging area of the both sides of this first water conservancy diversion group, each second water conservancy diversion group includes at least one second baffler, the length direction of each second baffler is perpendicular to this fluid and derives direction, the medial extremity of each second baffler is to extend between two adjacent first bafflers to the conflux direction in zone of these central authorities, and derive direction at fluid between first baffler adjacent with this and have an offset distance, and between this second baffler and two adjacent first bafflers, form a fluid passage respectively;
After wherein this fuel is directed into this fuel conveying runner by this fuel inlet, form two shuntings by this first baffler guiding to this Diverging area, described two branches are flowed through after the guiding of this second baffler, make described two shuntings these central authorities zone of confluxing of leading respectively again, and accumulate a main flow, this fuel through the shunting of at least once this first baffler and this second baffler with conflux after, this fuel is sent by this fuel outlet.
In sum, for reaching one above-mentioned or part or all of purpose, the runner plate module of a kind of fuel cell of the present invention comprises a runner plate, the fuel of runner plate carries runner to divide into conflux zone and be positioned at the conflux Diverging area of regional both sides of central authorities of central authorities, wherein the central authorities zone of confluxing is provided with one first water conservancy diversion group, and Diverging area is respectively arranged with one second water conservancy diversion group.The medial extremity of each second baffler of the second water conservancy diversion group is to extend between two adjacent first bafflers of the first water conservancy diversion group to the conflux direction in zone of central authorities, and and adjacent first baffler between derive direction at fluid and have an offset distance, and between second baffler and two adjacent first bafflers, form a fluid passage respectively.
Compared to prior art, the present invention has effectively overcome the disappearance of serpentine flow path of the runner plate of known fuel cell, does not have the oversize problem of runner plate flow channel length, so the crushing during FLUID TRANSPORTATION can reduce.And structural design of the present invention, the methanol concentration of its runner is homogeneous comparatively, has effectively improved the problem of the methanol aqueous solution density unevenness of known serpentine flow path.Moreover, the present invention is because the fuel that has adopted the water conservancy diversion group that includes several bafflers formations to be laid in runner plate is carried the design in the runner, so problem except the upstream and downstream methanol concentration inequality of improving serpentine flow path, also overcome simultaneously the problem of assignment of traffic inequality in the known runner in parallel, also improved for the eliminating of reaction product of anode carbon dioxide.
[description of drawings]
The known fuel cell structure cutaway view of Fig. 1;
The known structural representation of Fig. 2 with anode flow channel plate of serpentine flow path;
The known structural representation of Fig. 3 with anode flow channel plate of runner in parallel;
The first embodiment schematic diagram of the runner plate of Fig. 4 fuel cell of the present invention;
The anode fuel flow field schematic diagram of Fig. 5 first embodiment of the invention;
The second embodiment schematic diagram of the runner plate module of Fig. 6 fuel cell of the present invention;
The 3rd embodiment schematic diagram of the runner plate module of Fig. 7 fuel cell of the present invention;
The 4th embodiment schematic diagram of the runner plate of Fig. 8 fuel cell of the present invention;
The 5th embodiment schematic diagram of the runner plate of Fig. 9 fuel cell of the present invention;
The 6th embodiment schematic diagram of the runner plate of Figure 10 fuel cell of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Consult shown in Figure 4ly, the runner plate module of the fuel cell of first embodiment of the invention comprises a runner plate 100, and runner plate 100 comprises a body 2, one first water conservancy diversion group 3 and 2 second water conservancy diversion groups 4,5.Wherein, body 2 has a fuel inlet wall 21, a fuel outlet wall 22, two respective side walls 23,24, and its wall 21,22,23,24 definition form a fuel and carry runner 20.
Fuel inlet wall 21 offers a fuel inlet 211, fuel outlet wall 22 offers a fuel outlet 221, in the present embodiment, fuel cell is to be example with a direct methanol fuel cell, and with methanol aqueous solution as anode fuel, and runner plate 100 is anode flow channel plates is example, and runner plate 100 is used to provide the conveying runner of methanol aqueous solution.
Moreover, fuel is carried and to be divided into central authorities in the runner 20 and to conflux regional A1 and two in conflux regional A1 both sides and be adjacent to Diverging area A2, the A3 of side wall surface 23,24 of central authorities, Diverging area A2 confluxes between regional A1 and the side wall surface 23 in central authorities, Diverging area A3 confluxes between regional A1 and the side wall surface 24 in central authorities, its fuel inlet 211 and fuel outlet 221 are positioned at the regional A1 that confluxes of central authorities, its anode fuel is derived direction I by fuel outlet 221 with a fluid and is derived after being directed into fuel conveying runner 20 by fuel inlet 211.
The first water conservancy diversion group 3 is arranged at central authorities confluxes among the regional A1, and it comprises several first bafflers 31,32,33,34, and each first baffler 31,32,33,34 is derived direction I compartment of terrain cloth along fluid and is listed in fuel and carries the regional A1 that confluxes of the central authorities of runner 20.Wherein, each first baffler the 31,32,33, the 34th is the tabular diaphragm structure, and its length direction is parallel to each other and derives direction I perpendicular to fluid.
The second water conservancy diversion group the 4, the 5th, respectively about accordingly cloth be listed among Diverging area A2, the A3 of these first water conservancy diversion group, 3 both sides, each second water conservancy diversion group 4 comprises that at least one left side second baffler 41,42,43 is listed in fuel along fluid derivation direction I compartment of terrain cloth and carries among the Diverging area A2 of runner 20, and the second water conservancy diversion group 5 comprises that at least one right side second baffler 51,52,53 is listed in fuel along fluid derivation direction I compartment of terrain cloth and carries among the Diverging area A3 of runner 20.Wherein, left side second baffler 41,42,43 and right side second baffler the 51,52, the 53rd are the tabular diaphragm structure, and be corresponding about the center with the regional A1 that confluxes of central authorities, second baffler, 41 corresponding right sides, second baffler 51 promptly, second baffler, 42 corresponding right sides, left side, second baffler 52, second baffler, 43 corresponding right sides, left side, second baffler 53.Each second baffler 41,42,43 and 51,52,53 also is a diaphragm structure, and its length direction is parallel to each other and derive direction I perpendicular to fluid.
Each second baffler 41,42,43 and 51,52,53 outboard end are to engage with corresponding side walls face 23,24 respectively, each second baffler 41,42,43 and 51,52,53 medial extremity have an offset distance d1, d2 respectively between fluid is derived direction I and adjacent first baffler 31,32,33,34, thus with 31,32,33,34 formation of the adjacent first corresponding baffler one fluid passage 20a, 20b.For example the medial extremity of second baffler 41 is derived between direction I and first baffler 31 and first baffler 32 along fluid and is formed an offset distance d1, d2 respectively, promptly provide and form fluid passage 20a between second baffler 41 and first baffler 31,32, the medial extremity of second baffler 51 is derived between direction I and first baffler 31 and first baffler 32 along fluid and is formed an offset distance d1, d2 respectively, promptly provides and forms fluid passage 20b between second baffler 51 and first baffler 31,32.
Consult shown in Figure 5, after anode fuel Fin is directed into fuel conveying runner 20 by fuel inlet 211, after anode fuel Fin is subjected to first baffler, 31 water conservancy diversion with fluid derivation direction I conveying, make anode fuel Fin form two shunting F1, F2 to Diverging area A2, A3 respectively with minute flow path direction II, III, F1, F2 are after the guiding of fluid passage 20a, 20b and 2 second bafflers 41,51 in shunting, make shunting F1, F2 the conflux direction of regional A1 of central authorities that leads respectively, the multiple main flow F12 that in regional A1 is confluxed in central authorities, accumulates.Main flow F12 through first baffler 32,33,34 in several stages and second baffler 42,43,52,53 repeat shunt, conflux after, the anode fuel Fout of derivation is sent by fuel outlet 221.
Consult shown in Figure 6, the runner plate module of the fuel cell of second embodiment of the invention comprises that one integrates runner plate 200 and is disposed at several runner plates 100,100a, 100b in the housing 2 ' of integrating runner plate 200, several runner plates 100,100a, 100b derive direction I interval and adjacent arrangement along one perpendicular to fluid, and the structure of each runner plate 100,100a, 100b then runner plate 100 structures with first embodiment is identical.The integration runner plate 200 inner common fuel that form are carried runners 6, and offer a fuel inlet 61, a fuel outlet 62, and common fuel is carried has a fuel introduction channel 63 and fuel derivation passage 64 in the runner 6.
Each runner plate 100, each self-forming one of 100a, 100b be flow passage structure independently, forms a flow field and each runner plate 100,100a, 100b disposed adjacent are common.Each independently the fuel inlet 211 of runner plate 100,100a, 100b be to be connected with fuel introduction channel 63, and fuel outlet 221 is to derive passage 64 with fuel to be connected.So, can make runner plate obtain more uniform Flow Field Distribution, each regional concentration difference of anode catalyst is dwindled.
Anode fuel Fin is entered after common fuel carries fuel introduction channel 63 in the runner 6 by the fuel inlet 61 of integrating runner plate 200, send into the fuel of each runner plate 100,100a, 100b by the fuel inlet 211 of each runner plate 100,100a, 100b and carry runner 20, and after carrying runner 20 through the fuel of each runner plate 100,100a, 100b inside, fuel outlet 221 by each runner plate 100,100a, 100b is sent, behind the last fuel derivation passage 64 via common fuel conveying runner 6 again, send by fuel outlet 62.
Consult shown in Figure 7, the runner plate film group of the fuel cell of third embodiment of the invention comprises that one integrates runner plate 300 and is disposed at a housing 2 ' of integrating runner plate 300 ' interior several runner plates 100,100a, 100b, 100c, several runner plates 100,100a, 100b, 100c are derived direction I and fluid derivation direction I along one perpendicular to fluid and are spaced and are a matrix structure (for example: 2 * 2), the structure of each runner plate 100,100a, 100b, 100c then runner plate 100 structures with first embodiment is identical.Each runner plate 100,100a, 100b, each self-forming one of 100c be flow passage structure independently, and the integration flow field of each runner plate 100,100a, 100b, a matrix type of the common composition of 100c disposed adjacent.So, can also obtain uniform Flow Field Distribution, each regional concentration difference of anode catalyst is dwindled.
Consult shown in Figure 8, runner plate 100 structural similarities of the runner plate 100d of the fuel cell of fourth embodiment of the invention and first embodiment.So identical member is to indicate with the components identical numbering, as a means of correspondence.Its difference is that each first baffler of the first water conservancy diversion group 3 offers an opening that connects with fluid derivation direction I in addition, and for example first baffler 31 offers an opening 311 of deriving direction I perforation with fluid.So fuel by first baffler 31 time, can form partly shunting by opening 311.The outboard end of each second baffler of the second water conservancy diversion group 4,5 then and between the fuel conveying runner corresponding side walls face 23,24 has an opening, for example has an opening 411,511 respectively between the side wall surface 23,24 of second baffler 41,51 and fuel conveying runner.So fuel was passing through second baffler at 41,51 o'clock, can form partly shunting by opening 411,511.And the runner plate 100 among second embodiment and the 3rd embodiment, 100a, 100b, 100c also can adopt the structure identical with the runner plate 100d of the 4th embodiment.
Consult shown in Figure 9, the runner plate 100d structural similarity of the runner plate 100e of the fuel cell of fifth embodiment of the invention and the 4th embodiment, but offer several openings 311,312 at each first baffler of the first water conservancy diversion group 3.And the outboard end of each second baffler of the second water conservancy diversion group 4,5 except and corresponding side walls face 23,24 between have the opening 411,511, also offer several extra openings 412,512.And the runner plate 100 among second embodiment and the 3rd embodiment, 100a, 100b, 100c also can adopt the structure identical with the runner plate 100d of the 4th embodiment.
Consult shown in Figure 10, the runner plate 100 structural similarities runner plate 100f of the fuel cell of sixth embodiment of the invention and first embodiment, but each first baffler in the first water conservancy diversion group 3 is then derived direction I at fluid and had arcuation contour surface 313.As above can make fuel the time, can further reduce flow resistance by each first baffler.
By the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention as can be known, the invention provides a kind of runner plate with fuel cell of high industrial utilization, above embodiment explanation, only be preferred embodiment explanation of the present invention, all habit in this operator when doing other all improvement and variation according to the above embodiment of the present invention explanation.Yet all improvement and variation that these are done according to the embodiment of the invention are in the claim that still belongs to invention spirit of the present invention and define.
[main element symbol description]
100,100a, 100b, 100c runner plate
100d, 100e, 100f runner plate
200 integrate runner plate
300 integrate runner plate
The runner plate module of 1 fuel cell
11 membrane electrode assembly
111 PEMs
112 anode catalyst layers
113 cathode catalysts layers
114 anode diffusion layers
115 cathode diffusion layers
12 anode flow channel plates
121 runners
The 121a serpentine flow path
121b runner in parallel
13 cathode runner plates
131 runners
14 anode fuels inlet
The outlet of 15 anode fuels
2 bodies
2 ', 2 ' ' housing
20 fuel are carried runner
20a, 20b fluid passage
21 fuel inlet walls
211 fuel inlets
22 fuel outlet walls
221 fuel outlets
23,24 side wall surfaces
3 first water conservancy diversion groups
31,32,33,34 first bafflers
4,5 second water conservancy diversion groups
41,42,43 left sides, second baffler
51,52,53 right sides, second baffler
6 common fuel are carried runner
61 fuel inlets
62 fuel outlets
63 fuel introduction channels
64 fuel are derived passage
The anode fuel that Fin imports
The anode fuel that Fout derives
D1, d2 offset distance
The I fluid is derived direction
II, III divide flow path direction
The F12 main flow
F1, F2 shunting
The A1 central authorities zone of confluxing
The A2 Diverging area
The A3 Diverging area