CN1013031B - Gas current classifying separator - Google Patents
Gas current classifying separatorInfo
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- CN1013031B CN1013031B CN 89102002 CN89102002A CN1013031B CN 1013031 B CN1013031 B CN 1013031B CN 89102002 CN89102002 CN 89102002 CN 89102002 A CN89102002 A CN 89102002A CN 1013031 B CN1013031 B CN 1013031B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an airflow classifier using airflow to classify powder, which comprises at least a classifying chamber, an introducing device, a powder-stock inlet and a conic classifying plate, wherein the introducing device conveys powder to the classifying chamber, and the powder-stock inlet is arranged at the upper part of the classifying chamber; the conic classifying plate protrudes at the lower part and the middle part of the classifying chamber, and a coarse-powder outlet is formed at the outer edge of the lower circumference of the classifying plate; a fine-powder outlet is arranged at the middle part of the classifying plate, and an air inflowing device in which a rotational flow is formed to scatter the powder is arranged at the periphery at the upper part of the classifying chamber; an airflow inlet in which an accelerating rotational flow is formed to classify the powder is arranged at the lower part of the classifying chamber.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of gas flow sizing machine that is used for the classification powder, this machine rotates the powder of sending into grading room at a high speed, is divided into fine silt class and coarse dust class (or medium powder class) under the action of the centrifugal, thereby finishes the classification of powder.
When the powder stock that enters classification was fluidized in above-mentioned grading room in rotary manner, centrifugal force and direction air drag inwardly acted on each particle of powder stock, and the balance of centrifugal force and air drag has been determined classification point (being critical granularity).
Bigger particle in outer sideway swivel in grading room, and smaller particles sideway swivel within it.Central authorities and periphery in the grading room bottom are provided with the powder outlet respectively, can collect fine silt and coarse dust (classification) respectively.
In such grader, importantly powder stock fully scatters the grading room planted agent, to improve effectiveness of classification.
As this grader, Iitani system level machine or Kura cyclone (Kuracyclon) have been arranged.Yet the grader of this form is difficult to control classification point, is included in to occur degree of scatter difference and the such problem of effectiveness of classification difference under the high dust concentration situation.For addressing the above problem, people once proposed various schemes.For example, resemble Japan Patent prospectus 54-48378,54-79870 or US Patent specification 4,221,655 schemes that disclosed.As a kind of practical especially grader, to mention the commercially available grader that a kind of name is called the DS grader herein.In this grader, though might control the classification point, because powder is to enter into grading room by a whirlwind district, powder was assembled before entering grading room, thereby the degree of scatter of powder often can not be satisfactory.Therefore, the efficient of grader is reduced.Further specify one type of prior art syringe referring now to the Fig. 5 in the accompanying drawing and Fig. 6.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of prior-art devices appearance, and Fig. 6 is the constructed profile of prior-art devices.
In Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, gas flow sizing machine has a main casing 1, a lower house 2 that links to each other with above-mentioned housing 1 bottom and the discharge bucket 3 in lower house 2 bottoms.At grading room 4 of main casing 1 inner formation.There are 10, one feeding cylinders 9 of a vertical guide tube to link to each other with above-mentioned guide cylinder 10 outer peripheral edges tops on the top of main casing 1.The cloth guide plate 15 that a taper (umbrella shape), middle body exceed is equipped with in bottoms in the guide cylinder 10, forms an annular entry 11 at above-mentioned cloth guide plate 15 neighboring lower edges.The graded plate 5 that a taper (umbrella shape), middle body exceed is housed in grading room 4 bottoms, forms the coarse dust outlet 6 of a ring-type, form a fine silt outlet 7 at the middle body of this graded plate 5 at these graded plate 5 neighboring lower edges.Outer peripheral edges in grading room perisporium bottom have an air flow inlet 8 that air is introduced.Usually, this air inflow aperture 8 is seen Figure 15 A and 15B by some foliaceous shutter board 14() between the gap constitute.Direction by air flow inlet 8 leaked-in airs can make air-flow can drop to the direction of rotation ejection of the powder in the grading room 4 along rotation by 14 controls of classification shutter board.Above-mentioned air spreads out powder stock, and the rotary speed of powder quick raw material.
Fig. 4 B has represented along the cross-sectional view of III among Fig. 5 and Fig. 6-III line.In such gas flow sizing machine, the powder stock that is transported to guide cylinder 10 by air-flow from feeding cylinder 9 descends along the rotation of guide cylinder 10 inner peripheral, is rotating by annular feed entrance 11 to enter in the grading room 4.In grading room 4, powder is divided into coarse dust and fine silt by the centrifugal force that acts on each particle.Yet in prior-art devices, because powder stock is collected at the inwall of guide cylinder when being sent to grading room, the degree of scatter of powder particle is unsatisfied, powder in guide cylinder as in cyclone, mode with a kind of band thread descends, so it is relevant with its position to send into the inhomogeneities of the powder concn in the grading room, be difficult to the effectiveness of classification that reaches satisfied like this.When fine silt is formed agglomerate, perhaps when the attached knot of fine silt was on coarse dust, if the degree of scatter of powder is dissatisfied, fine silt was just infiltrated coarse dust one side further easily.In addition, if degree of scatter is dissatisfied, it is inhomogeneous that the dust concentration in grading room just becomes, thereby effectiveness of classification itself is just very poor, and the such problem of wide particle size distribution is arranged in the product that will occur having told like this.The powder stock particle size is thin more, and this trend is just obvious more.Especially when powder be 10 microns or more hour, effectiveness of classification reduces trend and just becomes more remarkable.
So; as Japanese Utility Model prospectus No.54-122477 disclosed; proposed a kind of coarse dust that prevents and infiltrated the scheme in the fine silt of being discharged by fine silt outlet 7, the diameter by strengthening guide plate, the distance that strengthens the diameter of feed entrance and be lengthened to fine silt outlet 7 reduce the average particle size particle size of fine silt.
Yet in such grader, the degree of scatter of powder stock is still dissatisfied in the grading room, and the fine silt agglomerate tends to sneak in the coarse dust, thereby classification efficiency is reduced, and comprises appearance and increases the contrary problem of this task for the treatment of capacity of wanting.
The present invention has solved above-mentioned a series of problem.
The gas flow sizing machine that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high classification efficiency.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of gas flow sizing machine that can obtain the classification powder of steep particle size distribution.
Another task of the present invention provides a kind of gas flow sizing machine that can conveniently control classification.
The present invention also has a task to provide a kind of gas flow sizing machine, and fine silt is difficult to form agglomerate in this machine.
Last task of the present invention provides the high gas flow sizing machine of working ability in a kind of unit interval.
The invention provides a kind of grader that utilizes air flow point level powder, this grader comprises a grading room and a gatherer of powder being sent into above-mentioned grading room at least; A powder feed inlet that is positioned at the supply powder on grading room top; One is positioned at the taper graded plate grading room bottom, that middle body exceeds; A coarse dust outlet that is positioned at above-mentioned graded plate periphery lower edge, is used for discharging coarse dust; A fine silt outlet that is positioned at above-mentioned graded plate central part, is used for discharging fine silt; A gas inflow device that is positioned at above-mentioned grading room periphery top, comes minute divided powder with swirling eddy; And air flow inlet that is positioned at the swirling eddy of above-mentioned grading room bottom, classification powder.
Fig. 1, Fig. 8 and Figure 10 are the outer hoist pennants of expression gas flow sizing machine of the present invention;
Fig. 2, Fig. 9, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 14 are the vertical profile front elevational schematic of above-mentioned grader;
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 A are respectively the cross-sectional view of grader shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 8 or Figure 10 along I-I line, II-II line, and Fig. 4 B is the cross-sectional view of grader shown in Fig. 5 along III-III line;
Fig. 5 is the outer hoist pennants of the gas flow sizing machine of prior art, and Fig. 6 is the vertical profile front elevational schematic of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the pulverizing-hierarchy system of employing grader of the present invention;
Figure 15 A is the schematic plan view of shutter board; Figure 15 B is the diagrammatic elevation view of shutter board.
Problem in view of above-mentioned prior-art devices existence, gas flow sizing machine of the present invention is by being provided with the dispersiveness that a gas inflow device improves powder in the grading room, thereby improved effectiveness of classification, this gas inflow device spreads out powder by means of the eddy flow of grading room upper periphery edge.Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment as grader of the present invention is illustrated with this system level machine shown in Fig. 1 (the outer hoist pennants of this device) and Fig. 2 (the vertical profile front view of this device).
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this grader has 1, one lower house that links to each other with above-mentioned housing 1 bottom of a main casing 2, a discharge bucket 3 that is positioned at lower house 2 bottoms, constitutes a grading room 4 in that main casing 1 is inner.The top of main casing 1 has 10, one feeding cylinders 9 of a vertical guide tube to link to each other with above-mentioned guide cylinder 10 outer peripheral edges tops.The cloth guide plate 15 that guide cylinder 10 has a taper (umbrella shape), middle body to exceed in its bottom has formed the powder feed inlet 11 of ring-type at the periphery lower edge of cloth guide plate 15.Taper (umbrella shape) graded plate 5 that a middle body exceeds is housed in the bottom of grading room 4, periphery lower edge at graded plate 5 forms an annular coarse dust outlet 6 of discharging coarse dust, and has formed the outlet 7 of discharging fine silt at the central part of graded plate 5.On the top perisporium of grading room 4 outer rims, be provided with a air flow inlet 12, a kind of gas (as air) is introduced grading room as the gas inflow device.As a most preferred embodiment, the device that constitutes said flow inlet 12 can disperse the gap of shutter board 13 to constitute by some foliaceous.Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view along I among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2-I line.As shown in Figure 3, the direction of the air of introducing by air flow inlet 12 16 is disperseed shutter boards 13 controls by these, thereby air sprays along the direction of rotation that flows to the powder stock of grading room 4 by annular feed entrance 11 rotations, and descends around the interior Zhou Xuanzhuan of guide cylinder 10.Effect by the gas inflow device that disperses shutter board 13 to be constituted is: powder stock spreads out once flowing to grading room 4, thereby makes powder agglomates less, and to its acceleration.Can improve the precision of classification powder greatly by means of this device.
On the bottom perisporium around the grading room 4, be provided with the air flow inlet 8 of introducing air.Shown in Fig. 4 a, this air flow inlet 8 is made of the gap of some foliaceous classification shutter boards 14.The direction of the air of being introduced by air flow inlet 8 17 is by these classification shutter boards 14 controls, makes the air can be along the direction of rotation ejection of the powder stock that falls by grading room 4, thereby powder stock is scattered, and increases its rotary speed.
Spacing between spacing between the classification shutter board 14 and the dispersion shutter board 13 is adjustable, and the height of classification shutter board 14 and dispersion shutter board 13 also can suitably dispose.
According to structure of the present invention, be subjected to centrifugal action and concentrate on the inwall that is pasting guide cylinder 10 and the powder stock that flows to grading room 4 by ring-type feed entrance 11 rotatably spread out from air flow inlet 12 leaked-in airs 16, and under the revolving force effect, quicken, drop to the bottom of grading room rotatably; In the bottom of grading room, further quickened from air flow inlet 8 leaked-in airs 17, thereby powder is divided into coarse dust class and fine silt class efficiently.The dispersity of powder stock is very big to the classification performance influence in the grading room.At existing gas flow sizing machine, its degree of scatter is unsatisfied; And in the present invention, owing to be provided with an air flow inlet 12 on the top of grading room, this problem just can be resolved.The air flow inlet 12 that is located at grading room top is preferably arranged in to be higher than grading room total height mid point and to be lower than outer rim and the main casing inwall that ring-type feed entrance 11(should enter the mouth basically by cloth guide plate 15 and constitutes) part.Preferably control to such an extent that be equal to or less than substantially by the air velocity of air flow inlet 12 leaked-in airs 16 from the air velocity of air flow inlet 8 leaked-in airs 17 of grading room bottom.The technology starting point of doing like this is: from air flow inlet 12 leaked-in airs 16 the formation particles of powder is scatter, and the air 17 that flows out from air flow inlet 8 is used for above-mentioned particle is applied strong revolving force, and by different centrifugal force powder is divided into coarse dust class and fine silt class.
The summation of 12 aperture areas is A(centimetre if enter the mouth
2), the summation of 8 aperture areas that enter the mouth is B(centimetre
2), preferably aperture area is controlled to and make A, B can satisfy formula 1≤A/B≤20, to improve its performance.Characteristics of the present invention are inlets that a gas (for example air) is set on the top of grading room, can change the structure of said flow inlet bottom illustrated in figures 1 and 2 in the category that does not damage the technology of the present invention design.
As another embodiment of gas flow sizing machine of the present invention, the grader with shape and structure shown in Fig. 8 (outer hoist pennants) and Fig. 9 (vertical profile front view) is illustrated.In Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, this grader has a main casing 101, a lower house 102 that links to each other with above-mentioned housing 101 bottoms and a discharge bucket 103 that is positioned at lower house 102 bottoms, forms a grading room 104 in that main casing 101 is inner.The top of main casing 101 has 110, one feeding cylinders 109 of a vertical guide tube to link to each other with the upper peripheral edge surface of above-mentioned guide cylinder 110.The oriented plate 115 that a middle body exceeds is equipped with in bottom in the guide cylinder 110, forms the feed entrance 111 of a ring-type at the periphery lower edge of guide plate 115.The diameter of guide plate 115 is greater than the internal diameter of guide cylinder 110, and the most peripheral of the inwall of the peripheral edge portion of guide plate 115, main casing 101 and grading room 104 part has just constituted powder feed inlet 111 like this.
Be provided with the inclination graded plate 105 that a middle body exceeds in the bottom of grading room 104, form the coarse dust outlet 106 of a ring-type at the lower edge of graded plate 105 peripheries, and form a fine silt outlet 107 at the central part of graded plate 105.
The outer peripheral edges of grading room 104 lower peripheral wall are provided with air intake 8, and this air intake 8 is made of the gap of the some foliaceous classification shutter boards 14 shown in Fig. 4 A, B usually.By 14 controls of classification shutter board, make the direction of rotation ejection of its powder stock that falls into grading room 104 along rotation from air intake 8 leaked-in airs, powder stock is scattered, and increase its rotary speed.
According to structure of the present invention; owing to strengthened the diameter of guide plate 115; also just strengthened the diameter of the feed entrance of ring-type; thereby strengthened the distance of fine silt outlet; can prevent that like this coarse dust is blended in the fine silt of being discharged by fine silt outlet 107, thereby the average particle size particle size of isolated fine silt is diminished.Simultaneously, the powder stock that is subjected to centrifugal action to concentrate on the guide cylinder inwall and flows to grading room by ring-type feed entrance 111 is rotatably spread out by the air-flows that flow into from grading room upper air inlet 12, make powder stock fall the bottom of grading room rotatably by quickening whirlwind power again, its rotary speed is further quickened from air flow inlet 8 leaked-in airs, so powder stock can be divided into coarse dust and fine silt very effectively.In grader of the present invention as shown in Figure 9, by being provided with an air flow inlet 12 on grading room top and increasing powder rotary speed in the grading room 104, isolated particle size is reduced greatly with the effect of the top big guide plate of mentioning.
In addition, in grader of the present invention, strengthen the diameter of feed entrance by the diameter that strengthens guide plate; By being provided with an air inflow device powder stock is spread out under the effect of the swirling eddy that flows to the grading room upper periphery; Except that above-mentioned measure, also making the aperture of fine silt outlet and the ratio of graded plate external diameter (100%) is that 10-25%(is preferably 20-25%); And/or the angle of inclination that makes graded plate and grading room vertical direction is 30 °-60 ° (being preferably 40 °-50 °), just can isolate undersized particle accurately.
Figure 10 (outer hoist pennants) and Figure 11 (vertical profile front view), Figure 12, Figure 13 or Figure 14 have provided more specifically embodiment.
In these accompanying drawings, grader has a main casing 201, a lower house 202 that links to each other with above-mentioned housing 201 bottoms and a discharge bucket 203 that is positioned at the lower house bottom, the main casing 201 inner grading rooms 204 that form.There are 210, one feeding cylinders 209 of a perpendicular guide to link to each other with the upper periphery surface of this guide cylinder on main casing 201 tops.The oriented plate 215 that a middle body exceeds is equipped with in the bottom of guide cylinder 210, and the periphery lower edge of guide plate 215 forms the feed entrance 211 of a ring-type.
Strengthen the diameter of guide plate 215, thereby feed entrance 211 is made of partly the outer peripheral portion of guide plate 215, the inwall of main casing 201 and the most peripheral of grading room 204.
Be provided with the inclination graded plate 205 that a middle body exceeds in the bottom of grading room 204, graded plate 205 periphery lower edges form ring-type coarse dust outlet 206, have formed fine silt outlet 207 at the middle body of graded plate 205.
Be provided with an air flow inlet 8 on the perisporium outer rim of the bottom of grading room 204, as shown in figure 14, this air flow inlet 8 is made of the gap between some foliaceous classification shutter boards 14 usually.
In addition, an air flow inlet 12 is arranged on the outer rim of grading room 204 top perisporiums.
In addition; narrower by the aperture that makes fine silt outlet 207 than the internal diameter of fine silt drainage conduit 216; and to make fine silt outlet 207 apertures and the ratio of graded plate 205 external diameters be 10-25%; can strengthen from the distance of the outer thoughtful fine silt outlet 207 of graded plate 205; prevent that coarse dust is blended in the isolated fine silt; thereby make isolated powder average particle size particle size littler, make its particle size distribution more accurate.
Preferably the aperture of fine silt outlet 207 is 20-25% with the ratio of the external diameter of graded plate 205, the aperture ratio is less than 20%, then the pressure loss can become big, air capacity by fine silt drainage conduit 216 is reduced, thus caused making powder stock to scatter and by air flow inlet 8 and 12 the rotation leaked-in airs undesirable minimizing appears.
And, be 30 °-60 ° by the angle of inclination that makes graded plate 205, distance can be strengthened, thereby the effect same in fine silt outlet 207 apertures can be obtained reducing from the outer peripheral edges of graded plate 205 to fine silt outlet 207.
In grader of the present invention, various particles are fully scattered in grading room, so the classification efficiency height, thereby have accurate particle size distribution with all kinds of powders that grader of the present invention is told.Compare with existing gas flow sizing machine, its classification efficiency is higher.Grader of the present invention might make isolated particle diameter littler than the isolated particle diameter of existing grader institute.
Shown in Fig. 7 flow chart, gas flow sizing machine of the present invention can link to each other with a pulverizer effectively.In this situation, the raw material of having pulverized to be delivered in the gas flow sizing machine of the present invention, the coarse dust that is equal to or greater than the regulation particle size is delivered in the pulverizer, delivers in the said flow grader after the pulverizing again.Be crushed to the regulation particle size or taken out from gas flow sizing machine by a suitable withdrawing device less than the powder of this size.For this class pulverizing-hierarchy system, the powder degree of scatter is unsatisfied in the gas flow sizing machine grading room in the prior art systems, thus the agglomerate that the agglomerate of being formed by very thin particle or the attached knot of fine grained will be formed on coarse granule separately or loose opening be difficult.This agglomerate is infiltrated the coarse granule class again and is delivered to once more in the pulverizer during classification, cause unnecessary pulverizing, thereby has reduced crush efficiency.For solving this class problem, in gas flow sizing machine of the present invention, because the powder in the grading room 4 fully scatters, above-mentioned agglomerate can loose off, unlikely infiltrating in the coarse dust class, and fine particle is drained as fine silt, so further raising crush efficiency.
When dust concentration was higher in, the grading room less when powder particle size, grader of the present invention had more obvious effect.Particle size range is 10 microns or especially effective when thinner; The use that links to each other with pulverizer, its effect will be better.
Grader of the present invention is applicable to the powder of toner, powdery paints, magnetic material and polymeric material of classification and preparation electrostatic development and so on, and it is fine grained that its final products require.
As gas flow sizing machine, the present invention is particularly useful for preparing the toner of electrostatic development, and it is easy to be subjected to the effect of electrostatic force and conglomeration.
The final products of the toner of electrostatic development are that fine powder is granular, and requiring has accurate particle size distribution, from wherein taking the particle of given size or smaller szie away.For taking the particle of given size or smaller szie away, the effectiveness of classification of the gas flow sizing machine of Fig. 5 or system shown in Figure 6 is unsafty, and the particle size distribution of broad is often arranged in its resulting product.
Even can obtain the product of accurate particle size distribution in the grader of prior art, but the low cost that causes of classification efficiency increases.On the contrary, use grader of the present invention, the degree of scatter of powder is satisfied in the grading room, and coarse dust can separate with fine silt effectively, thereby obtains the graded product (as the product as toner) that accurate dimension distributes under the condition that does not lower efficiency.
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to some examples.
Example 1
Styrene-propene hydrochloric acid esters resin (the weight average gram-molecular weight is about 300,000) 100 parts (weight)
Magnetic ferrites (0.2 micron of particle size) 60 parts (weight)
2 parts of low molecular weight polyethylenes (weight)
2 parts of electronegative conditioning agents (controller) (weight)
The raw material for toner that will include above-mentioned formula mixture fuses under about 180 ℃ of temperature and stir about 1.0 hours, cooling curing then, its meal is broken into the particle of 100-1000 micron with beater grinder, then the velocity of sound jet pulverizer made from Japanese pneumatic Koguo limited company (Nippon Pneumatic Kogyo K.K) is pulverized, the product that obtains pulverizing (powder stock), its weight average particle is of a size of 10.5 microns (wherein particle size is that 20.2 microns or bigger particle account for 1% or less than 1% percentage by weight, and particle size is that 5.04 microns or littler particle account for 9.3% percentage by weight).The product of having pulverized delivered to carry out classification in the gas flow sizing machine illustrated in figures 1 and 2.In this gas flow sizing machine, send into the product that 5 cubic metres/minute air quantity will have been pulverized, and the air flow inlet 12 of introducing air 16 is that (total aperture area is 2 * 0.6 * 20=24 centimetre by the 0.6 centimetre of opening of 20 2 cm x that disperses shutter board 13 to constitute
2).The air flow inlet 8 that be positioned at the grading room bottom, is used for introducing air-flow 17 is that (total aperture area is 2 * 0.2 * 20=8 centimetre for the opening of 0.2 centimetre of 20 2 cm x being made of classification shutter board 14
2), the height of grading room is 14 centimetres, the flow velocity of the gas 17 that flows into by air flow inlet 8 is approximately than fast 2 times of the flow velocity of the gas 16 that flows into by air flow inlet 12.As classification results to milling product, obtained being suitable for most doing the graded product of toner, its average particle size particle size be 11.5 microns (wherein, include and be of a size of 5.04 microns or littler particle and account for 0.3% percentage by weight), from then on fine silt drains in the graded product, its classification output capacity is 81%, and classification output capacity herein refers to the ratio of last resulting graded product weight and the products material gross weight of sending into of having pulverized.The particle size data are the measurement results that obtained by the Coulter counter that Coulter Electronic Instrument, Limited produces.
Comparative example 1
The milling product that will obtain by method identical in the example 1 is sent in the gas flow sizing machine of Fig. 5 and system shown in Figure 6 and is carried out classification.Gas flow sizing machine sucks powder with 5 cubic metres/minute air quantity, and the air flow inlet of grading room bottom has the opening of 0.2 centimetre of 20 2 cm x, and the height of grading room is 10 centimetres.As classification results to milling product, can obtain the graded product that weight average particle is of a size of 11.2 microns (wherein be of a size of 5.04 microns or littler particle account for 0.9% percentage by weight), fine silt is taken away from graded product, and its classification output capacity is 72%.This classification output capacity is not as example 1, in addition, as the product testing result, find constantly to exist by fine grained knot very together, be of a size of 5 microns or bigger agglomerate.
Example 1 is as shown in table 1 with the result of comparative example 1.
Table 1
Classification output capacity weight particles mean particle size distribution
5.04 microns 20.2 microns of (percentage by weight %) sizes (micron)
Or littler or larger particle
The content of the content of grain
1.0%(weight) or lower example 1 81 11.5 0.3%(weight)
1.0%(weight) or lower comparative example 1 72 11.2 0.9%(weight)
The critical piece size of institute's employing grader is as follows in the example 1.
The internal diameter of guide cylinder 10 is about 29 centimetres, the external diameter of cloth guide plate 15 is about 26 centimetres, air flow inlet 12 and air flow inlet 8 are at a distance of about 6 centimetres, the external diameter of graded plate 5 is about 37 centimetres, the internal diameter of the lower house 2 relative with graded plate 5 is about 42 centimetres, and the internal diameter of the fine silt outlet 7 of graded plate 5 is about 10 centimetres.
Example 2
Styrene-propene hydrochloric acid esters resin (the weight average gram-molecular weight is about 300,000) 100 parts (weight)
Magnetic ferrites (0.2 micron of particle size) 60 parts (weight)
2 parts of low molecular weight polyethylenes (weight)
2 parts of electronegative conditioning agents (weight)
The raw material for toner that will include above-mentioned formula mixture fuses under about 180 ℃ of temperature and stir about 1.0 hours, cooling curing then, its meal is broken into the particle of 100-1000 micron with beater grinder, then the velocity of sound jet pulverizer made from Japanese pneumatic Kogyo limited company (Nippon Pneumatic Kogyo K.K.) is pulverized, the product of having been pulverized, its weight average particle be of a size of 7.0 microns (wherein particle size be 1.6 microns or bigger particle account for 1% or less than 1% percentage by weight, particle size is that 4.0 microns or littler particle account for 8.0% percentage by weight).The product of having pulverized is delivered to and is carried out classification in the gas flow sizing machine illustrated in figures 1 and 2.In this gas flow sizing machine, send into the product that 5 cubic metres/minute air quantity will have been pulverized, and air flow inlet 12 is that (total aperture area is 2 * 0.2 * 20=8 centimetre for opening by 0.2 centimetre of 20 2 cm x of disperseing shutter board 13 to constitute
2).Air flow inlet 8 in the grading room bottom is that (total aperture area is 2 * 0.1 * 20=4 centimetre for the opening of 0.1 centimetre of 20 2 cm x being made of classification shutter board 14
2), the height of grading room is 16 centimetres.As to the result of milling product classification, can obtain the graded product that weight average particle is of a size of 7.5 microns (wherein be of a size of 4.0 microns or littler particle account for 2.0% percentage by weight), fine silt is taken away from graded product, and its classification output capacity is 78%.
Comparative example 2
The milling product that will obtain by method identical in the example 2 is delivered in Fig. 5 and the gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 6 and is carried out classification.Gas flow sizing machine sucks powder with 5 cubic metres/minute air quantity, and the air flow inlet of grading room bottom has the opening of 0.1 centimetre of 20 2 cm x, and the height of grading room is 12 centimetres.As to the result of milling product classification, can obtain the graded product that weight average particle is of a size of 7.3 microns (wherein be of a size of 4.0 microns or littler particle account for 4.1% percentage by weight), fine silt is discharged from graded product, its classification output capacity is 70%, this classification output capacity is not as example 2, in addition, as the result that product detects, find constantly to exist by fine grained knot very together, be of a size of 3 microns or bigger agglomerate.
Example 2 is as shown in table 2 with the result of comparative example 2.
Table 2
Classification output capacity weight average particle particle size distribution
4.0 microns 16 microns of (percentage by weight) sizes (micron)
Or littler or bigger
The content of the content grain of grain
Example 2 78 7.5 2.0%(weight) 1.0%(weight) or still less
Comparative example 2 70 7.3 4.1%(weight) 1.0%(weight) or still less
Example 3
Styrene-propene hydrochloric acid esters resin (the weight average gram-molecular weight is about 300,000) 100 parts (weight)
Magnetic ferrites (0.2 micron of particle size) 60 parts (weight)
2 parts of low molecular weight polyethylenes (weight)
2 parts of electronegative conditioning agents (weight)
The raw material for toner that will include above-mentioned formula mixture fuses under about 180 ℃ of temperature and mixed about 1.0 hours, cooling curing then, its meal is broken into the particle of 100-1000 micron with beater grinder, the ACM type pulverizer of using Hosokawa Micron limited company (Hosokawn Micron K.K.) to make is again pulverized, and obtains the milling product that weight average particle is of a size of 30 microns.The product of having pulverized sent into carry out classification in the gas flow sizing machine illustrated in figures 1 and 2, and carry out the broken and classification of fine powder according to flow chart shown in Figure 7.I-5 type the velocity of sound jet pulverizer that adopts Japanese pneumatic Kogyo limited company (Nippon pneumatic Kogyo K.K) manufacturing is as pulverizer, the product of having pulverized sucks with 5 cubic metres/minute air quantity, and air flow inlet has (total aperture area 2 * 0.2 * 20=8 centimetre of the opening of 0.2 centimetre of 20 2 cm x
2).Air flow inlet in the grading room bottom has (total aperture area 2 * 0.2 * 20=8 centimetre of the opening of 0.2 centimetre of 20 2 cm x
2), and the height of grading room is 12 centimetres.Raw material (product of having pulverized) is sent into 40 kilograms/hour speed, is crushed to the regulation particle size or littler product is removed as fine silt.
The weight average particle of resulting fine silt is of a size of 11.2 microns, particle size is that 5.04 microns or littler particle account for the 5.0%(percentage by weight), particle size is that 20.2 microns or bigger particle account for the 0.5%(percentage by weight), from this fact as can be known, accurately classification of coarse dust.
Comparative example 3
To send in Fig. 5 and the gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 6 by the milling product that example 3 same procedure obtain, and carry out the broken and classification of fine powder according to flow chart shown in Figure 7.I-5 type the velocity of sound jet pulverizer that adopts Japanese pneumatic Kogyo limited company (Nippon Pneumatic Kogyo K.K.) manufacturing is as pulverizer, the product that gas flow sizing machine will have been pulverized with 5 cubic metres/minute air quantity sucks, the air flow inlet that is positioned at the grading room bottom has the opening of 0.2 centimetre of 20 2 cm x, and the height of grading room is 8 centimetres.
Raw material (product of having pulverized) is sent into 30 kilograms/hour speed, has been crushed to the regulation particle size or littler product takes out as fine silt.The weight average particle of resulting fine silt is of a size of 11.5 microns, particle size is that 5.04 microns or littler particle account for the 9.1%(percentage by weight), particle size is that 20.2 microns or bigger particle account for the 5.1%(percentage by weight), thereby it has the distribution of broad in coarse dust one side.
Example 3 is as shown in table 3 with the result of comparative example 3.
Table 3
Processing capacity weight average particle particle size distribution
5.04 microns 20.2 microns of (kilogram/hour) sizes (micron)
Or littler or bigger
The content of the content grain of grain
Example 3 40 11.2 5.0%(weight) 0.5%(weight)
Comparative example 3 30 11.5 9.1%(weight) 5.1%(weight)
Processing capacity can clearly be seen that from last table, and the grader that is adopted in the grader of the present invention that adopts in the example 3 and the comparative example 3 is compared, and its disposal ability is splendid.
Example 4
Except that adopting Fig. 8 and the gas flow sizing machine of grader as system shown in Figure 9, the fine silt (the weight average particle size is about the 7.4-7.5 micron) that obtains the regulation particle size by method identical in the example 3 from the product of having pulverized is as graded product, and its result is as shown in table 4.As a reference, will adopt the resulting result of example 3 systems as an example 3A list together.
Table 4
A processing capacity weight average particle size distribution
4.0 microns 16 microns of (kilogram/hour) particle sizes (micron)
Or littler or bigger
The content granule content of grain
Example 4 25 7.5 2.1%(weight) 0.1%(weight) or still less
Can find out that thus the external diameter that makes guide plate 115 has improved classification performance greater than the diameter of guide cylinder 110.
Example 5
100 parts of styrene-propene hydrochloric acid esters resins (weight)
60 parts of magnetic materials (weight)
2 parts of charge adjusting agents (weight)
4 parts of low-molecular-weight polypropylenes (weight)
The raw material for toner that will include above-mentioned prescription stirs under heating condition, the cooling, then with beater grinder with its coarse crushing.Resulting powder stock is sent in Figure 10 and the gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 11 (this is about 24% the aperture of fine silt outlet 207 and graded plate 205, the inclination angle of graded plate is 60 °), the coarse dust of having told is sent into the I-10 type velocity of sound jet pulverizer that links to each other with above-mentioned grader (Japanese pneumatic Kogyo limited company make) again, with finish fine powder broken (the jet air pressure of pulverizing be 6 kgfs/centimetre
2), the broken fine powder material of fine powder is delivered in the above-mentioned grader once more with the dusty material that coarse crushing obtains, and the fine silt that has been separated is as fine powder crumble product (referring to pulverizing-hierarchy system of Fig. 7).
The result can obtain the fine powder crumble product that weight average particle is of a size of 14.3 microns, and particle size is that 20 microns or bigger granule content are the 6.2%(percentage by weight).
Example 6
By method identical in the example 5 powder stock is delivered in the gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 12, the air-spray pressure that is used for pulverizing be 6 kgfs/centimetre
2Condition under obtain meticulous milling product.
The result can obtain the fine powder crumble product that weight average particle is of a size of 12.6 microns, and particle size is that 20 microns or bigger granule content are the 1.8%(percentage by weight).
Gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 12 has fine silt tap as shown in figure 11, and its aperture is 20% with the ratio of the external diameter of graded plate
Example 7
By method identical in the example 5 powder stock is sent in as shown in figure 13 the gas flow sizing machine, the air-spray pressure that is used for pulverizing be 6 kgfs/centimetre
2Condition under obtain meticulous milling product.
The result can obtain the fine powder crumble product that weight average particle is of a size of 12.1 microns, and particle size is that 20 microns or bigger granule content are the 1.5%(percentage by weight).
Gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 13 has grader as shown in figure 11, and this plate angle of inclination is 50 °.
Example 8
By method identical in the example 5 powder stock is sent in as shown in figure 14 the gas flow sizing machine, the air-spray pressure that is used for pulverizing be 6 kgfs/centimetre
2Condition under obtain meticulous milling product.
The result can obtain the fine powder crumble product that weight average particle is of a size of 10.4 microns, and particle size is that 20 microns or bigger granule content are the 0%(percentage by weight).
Gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 14 has fine silt tap and graded plate as shown in figure 11, and the tap aperture is 20% with the ratio of graded plate external diameter, and the angle of inclination of graded plate is 50 °.
Example 9
Except in system, adopting I-5 type velocity of sound jet pulverizer (Japanese pneumatic Kogyo limited company make) and gas flow sizing machine shown in Figure 14 links to each other, obtain the fine powder crumble product from powder stock by example 8 identical methods.
The result can obtain the fine powder crumble product that weight average particle is of a size of 4.6 microns, and particle size is that 10 microns or bigger granule content are the 0.1%(percentage by weight).
The grading room diameter of gas flow sizing machine as used herein be in the example 8 used grader grading room diameter (being about 42cm) 80%.
Comparative example 4
Except that adopt as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, do not have the gas flow sizing machine of air flow inlet 12, obtain the fine silt product by example 5 identical methods.The weight average particle of the said goods is of a size of 18.3 microns, and particle size is that 20 microns or bigger granule content are the 12.1%(percentage by weight), thereby wide distribution is arranged in coarse dust one side.Under the identical situation of inlet amount and example 5, particle size distribution has broadened.
Comparative example 5
When powder stock is sent into as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 and gas flow sizing machine that the grading room diameter is identical with grading room diameter in the example 9 in, the air-spray pressure that is used for pulverizing be 6 kgfs/centimetre
2Condition under obtained the fine powder crumble product, then the weight particles average-size of this product is 5.8 microns, particle size is that 10.8 microns or bigger granule content are the 5.0%(percentage by weight).
As mentioned above, strengthen the diameter of feeder channel by the diameter that strengthens guide plate; An air-flow introducing device is set, powder stock is loose to the outer peripheral edges on grading room top by eddy flow; In addition, do the aperture of fine silt outlet less; And/or make graded plate inclination steepness bigger, just can obtain the graded product that particle size is little, distribution is accurate, efficient is high.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of with the grader of air stream to powder classification, it comprises
A grading room and an introducing device of powder being delivered to above-mentioned grading room;
The powder stock inlet of a supply material that forms on above-mentioned grading room top;
A taper graded plate that partly exceeds in above-mentioned grading room lower central;
One is positioned at the coarse dust outlet that above-mentioned graded plate periphery lower edge is used for discharging the coarse dust group;
A fine silt outlet that is positioned at this graded plate middle body, is used for discharging the fine silt group downwards;
It is characterized in that:
One is arranged on above-mentioned grading room periphery upper limb, forms swirling eddy and make the scattered gas inflow device of powder, and air flows into this grading room by an opening in this gas inflow device;
One is arranged on the gas inflow entrance that above-mentioned grading room bottom formation swirling eddy makes powder classification, and air flows into this grading room by an open area in this gas inflow entrance.
2,, it is characterized in that this gas inflow device is arranged on than half higher slightly place of this grading room total height according to the described grader of claim 1.
3, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the above-mentioned gas inflow device is made up of shutter board.
4, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the said flow inlet is made up of shutter board.
5, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: being positioned at the aperture area summation of grading room top air-flow being introduced the gas inflow device of grading room from the outside is A, be positioned at gas being introduced from the outside so that be B to the summation of the former inlet aperture area of this gas of powder classification of grading room bottom, above-mentioned summation A and summation B satisfy following formula:
1≤A/B≤20
6, according to the described grader of claim 5, it is characterized in that: be equal to or less than the gas velocity that flows from above-mentioned grading room lower gas inflow inlet substantially from the flow velocity of the mobile gas of this gas inflow device of above-mentioned grading room top.
7, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned grading room is to form in that main casing is inner, and the guide cylinder that powder to be fractionated is sent into this grading room is positioned at a top of above-mentioned main casing.
8, according to the described grader of claim 7, it is characterized in that: this grading room forms between a guide plate and this graded plate.
9, according to the described grader of claim 8, it is characterized in that: the external diameter of above-mentioned guide plate is greater than the internal diameter of above-mentioned guide cylinder, and an inwall of the inwall of the peripheral edge portion of this guide plate and this guide plate and above-mentioned main casing has constituted the powder feed inlet of ring-type.
10, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned graded plate has a garden shape fine silt outlet, and its diameter is the 10-25% of this graded plate external diameter.
11, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned graded plate has a garden shape fine silt outlet, and its diameter is the 20-25% of this graded plate external diameter.
12, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this graded plate is 30 °-60 ° with respect to the slanted angle of this grading room vertical direction.
13, according to the described grader of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned graded plate is 40 °-50 ° with respect to the slanted angle of above-mentioned grading room vertical direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29813/88 | 1988-02-09 | ||
| JP63029813A JPH01203087A (en) | 1988-02-09 | 1988-02-09 | Classification apparatus by gas flow |
| JP29773/88 | 1988-02-11 | ||
| JP71766/88 | 1988-03-28 | ||
| JP63071766A JPH01245869A (en) | 1988-03-28 | 1988-03-28 | Pneumatic classifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1037849A CN1037849A (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| CN1013031B true CN1013031B (en) | 1991-07-03 |
Family
ID=26368059
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89102002 Expired CN1013031B (en) | 1988-02-09 | 1989-02-10 | Gas current classifying separator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1013031B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107790383A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-13 | 安徽正丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rice drying equipment of dust removal of pneumatic separation |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2465984A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2010-06-09 | Buhler Sortex Ltd | Adjustable separator element |
| CN110394304A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-11-01 | 铜陵鑫佳粉体新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of grading device of powder |
| CN113578489B (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-09-02 | 山西玉竹活性石灰制造有限公司 | Preparation process of multi-stage separation self-control speed type heavy calcium carbonate |
-
1989
- 1989-02-10 CN CN 89102002 patent/CN1013031B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107790383A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-13 | 安徽正丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rice drying equipment of dust removal of pneumatic separation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1037849A (en) | 1989-12-13 |
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