CN101301888B - Hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus and method - Google Patents
Hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101301888B CN101301888B CN2008100959516A CN200810095951A CN101301888B CN 101301888 B CN101301888 B CN 101301888B CN 2008100959516 A CN2008100959516 A CN 2008100959516A CN 200810095951 A CN200810095951 A CN 200810095951A CN 101301888 B CN101301888 B CN 101301888B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention relates to a blending power vehicle driving control device and method for vehicles comprising engine and motor/generator. When the driving mode required by drivers is power mode prior to accelerating performance compared to fuel consumption efficiency, using the power mode engine torque larger than the optimum fuel consumption engine torque as the target engine torque of the engine.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the preceence of the Japanese patent application No.2007-121679 of submission on May 2nd, 2007, and its complete content is quoted and is incorporated into this.
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to a kind of hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus and the method for power to the response of the accelerator pedal operation that undertaken by chaufeur that drive of improving.
Background technology
Pending trial Japanese Patent publication No.2006-301195 discloses one type the hybrid drive that is used for motor vehicle driven by mixed power.In this hybrid drive, calculate target drives moment of torsion, target motor-generator torque and the target engine torque that is used for the wheel drive system according to Das Gaspedal volume under pressure, the speed of a motor vehicle, battery charging state and engine speed.
As instructed here, calculate the target drives moment of torsion according to the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure and the speed of a motor vehicle.Then, reference fuel consumes optimal control figure obtains to make engine fuel consumption optimization according to engine speed engine torque.The consumption of fuel that is obtained is optimized engine torque confirm as target engine torque.Then, confirm target motor-generator torque, make target engine torque and target motor-generator torque sum equal the target drives moment of torsion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention instructs a kind of embodiment of hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus of the vehicle that is used to comprise driving engine and motor-electrical generator.A this device comprises controller.This controller for example in order to control motor-electrical generator motor-generator torque to obtain the target drives moment of torsion, wherein, the target drives moment of torsion equals the engine torque and the motor-generator torque sum of driving engine.This controller is also in order to confirm whether the desired drive pattern of chaufeur is to compare the dynamic mode that more stresses acceleration capability with fuel consumption efficiency; And when the desired drive pattern of chaufeur is in dynamic mode, use greater than the dynamic mode engine torque of optimum fuel consumption engine torque target engine torque as driving engine.
The present invention also instructs the method that is used to control motor vehicle driven by mixed power.An instance of this method comprises that the motor-generator torque of control motor-electrical generator is to obtain the target drives moment of torsion; Wherein, The target drives moment of torsion equals the engine torque and the motor-generator torque sum of driving engine; And when acceleration capability specific fuel consumption efficient is preferred, use greater than the dynamic mode engine torque of optimum fuel consumption engine torque target engine torque as driving engine.
Description of drawings
Specification sheets is here with reference to accompanying drawing, and wherein similarly Reference numeral refers to similar parts in some accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic plan view that can use according to the Power Train of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of the control setup of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic plan view that can use according to another Power Train of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of the control setup of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic plan view that can use according to another Power Train of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of the control setup of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the block scheme that is used for the control system of the Power Train shown in Fig. 1 to 3;
Fig. 5 is the diagram of circuit by the control of the target engine torque of the integrated manipulator calculating of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 illustrates the engine torque confirmed by the control of Fig. 5 and the diagram of curves of generator torque;
Fig. 7 illustrates the target engine torque confirmed by the described control of Fig. 5 and the diagram of curves of auxiliary torque;
Fig. 8 is the time diagram that the variation of the vehicular drive moment of torsion that is caused by the described control of Fig. 5 is shown;
Fig. 9 is the diagram of circuit of another control of the target engine torque that calculates through the integrated manipulator according to Fig. 4 of second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 illustrates the engine torque confirmed by the described control of Fig. 9 and the diagram of curves of generator torque;
Figure 11 is the time diagram that the variation of the vehicular drive moment of torsion that is caused by the described control of Fig. 9 is shown;
But Figure 12 is the chargeable/discharged power diagram of curves that is used for dynamic mode;
But Figure 13 is the chargeable/discharged power diagram of curves according to second embodiment;
Figure 14 is the consumption of fuel optimal control diagram of curves according to second embodiment;
Figure 15 is the time diagram that illustrates according to the variation of the vehicular drive moment of torsion of Comparative Example;
Figure 16 illustrates the diagram of curves of instance that calculates the target drives dynamic curve figure of target drives power through the integrated control described in Fig. 4.
The specific embodiment
In above-mentioned motor vehicle driven by mixed power; Compare with the drive pattern of low moment of torsion and high consumption of fuel; Chaufeur more needs the drive pattern of high moment of torsion and low fuel consumption; During steering vehicle, hope to meet with a response, must export target drives moment of torsion according to the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure in the higher acceleration capability of said requirement (so-called dynamic mode or mode of motion).
Increase responsibility through changing the target motor-generator torque of instructing in response to I/O fast to the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure.If the target drives moment of torsion surpasses the I/O limit value of motor-generator torque, so can't be only variation through target motor-generator torque come the processing target driving torque.So, be necessary to change target engine torque.But driving engine is slower than the response of motor-electrical generator to output command to the response of output command.Reason to the responsibility decline of Das Gaspedal volume under pressure, therefore can't satisfy the requirement of chaufeur to acceleration capability fully for this reason.
The ground of comparing; Embodiments of the invention propose a kind of control technology; This technology can realize driving torque with good responsibility when more stressing the dynamic mode of acceleration capability at the required drive pattern of chaufeur, though the purpose of this control is the target engine torque powered vehicle that basis can be optimized consumption of fuel.Because the engine torque that sets is greater than the engine torque that can under dynamic mode, optimize consumption of fuel, so can increase engine torque through motor-generator torque that control responds fast and realize the target drives moment of torsion.Therefore, there is no need to change engine torque, the driving torque that can realize having good responsibility thus according to the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure under the dynamic mode.
Hereinafter, will the present invention be described according to embodiment shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates the Power Train of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of the engine behind front wheel back-wheel drive type that is equipped with driving engine 1 and at least one drive wheel (trailing wheel) 2.Be similar to traditional rear wheel drive vehicle, automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 be arranged on driving engine 1 along the rear portion of longitudinal direction of car direction and with the driving engine tandem.Motor-electrical generator 5 is arranged to be connected to the axle 4 that rotation is sent to the input shaft 3a of automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 from driving engine 1 (crank shaft 1a).
Motor-electrical generator 5 as motor and electrical generator (dynamo generator) and be arranged on driving engine 1 and automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 between.Between motor-electrical generator 5 and automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3, more particularly, between axle 4 and engine crankshaft 1a, first clutch 6 is set.This power-transfer clutch 6 connects driving engine 1 and motor-electrical generator 5 separably.In this case, first clutch 6 is the types that can change the change-speed box torque peak continuously, for example, by the usage ratio screw actuator continuously the wet multiple disc clutch of control clutch power fluid flow rate and power-transfer clutch operating oil pressure constitute.
Between motor-electrical generator 5 and automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3, more particularly, between axle 4 and input shaft 3a, second clutch 7 is set.Second clutch 7 connects motor-electrical generator 5 and automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 separably.Be similar to first clutch 6, second clutch 7 also is the type that can change the change-speed box torque peak continuously, for example, by the usage ratio screw actuator continuously the wet multiple disc clutch of control clutch power fluid flow rate and power-transfer clutch operating oil pressure constitute.
Automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 optionally engages or discharges a plurality of friction elements (power-transfer clutch, drg etc.), to constitute change-speed box path (speed change level) through the friction element that is engaged and discharges.Therefore, automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 is to export output shaft 3b to the rotating speed of the cooresponding ratio changing input shaft of selected speed change level 3a and with its rotation.This output rotation is sent to left rear wheel and off hind wheel 2 distributively and is used for powered vehicle by last reducing gear 8.But automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 is not limited to above-mentioned section variable type, also can be the toric transmission that the speed change level is changed to continuously the target shift speed level from existing speed change level.
In Power Train shown in Figure 1, for comprising elec. vehicle (EV) pattern of using down from the halted state starting state, first clutch 6 is discharged and second clutch 7 engages, so that automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 entering power delivery statuss at low load-low speed.
When CD-ROM drive motor under this condition-electrical generator 5, only the output rotation with motor-electrical generator 5 is sent to input shaft 3a.Automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 is sent to the rotating speed of input shaft 3a and the rotation that output comes from transmission output shaft 3b according to selected speed change level change.The rotation of transmission output shaft 3b is sent to trailing wheel 2 by difference gear unit 8 then, drives only to make vehicle carry out EV through motor-electrical generator 4.
Under the situation that the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) that is used for the driving of high-speed driving or top load drives, first clutch 6 is engaged motor-electrical generator 5 is used as the starter of fire an engine 1.Then, under first clutch 6 and second clutch 7 the two situation about engaging, automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 gets into the power delivery statuss.Under this condition, the two output rotation of the output of driving engine 1 rotation or driving engine 1 and motor-electrical generator 5 is sent to input shaft 3a.Automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 is sent to the rotating speed of input shaft 3a and the rotation that output comes from transmission output shaft 3b according to selected speed change level change.The rotation of transmission output shaft 3b is sent to trailing wheel 2 by difference gear unit 8 then, so that the two makes vehicle carry out HEV to drive through driving engine 1 and motor-electrical generator 5.
Between the HEV driver stage, when driving engine 1 is operating as the consumption of fuel of realizing optimization, superfluous energy can be provided.Through using superfluous energy operation motor-electrical generator 1, can the transformation of energy of surplus be become electric power as electrical generator.Then, the electric power that collection is produced can realize improving the consumption of fuel of driving engine 1 thus with in the motor driven that is used in motor-electrical generator 5.
Though connecting the second clutch 7 of motor-electrical generator 5 and drive wheel 2 separably is arranged between motor-electrical generator 1 and the automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3; But second clutch 7 also can be arranged between automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 and the difference gear unit 8, to carry out identical functions.
In addition; With reference to Fig. 1 and 2; Though second clutch 7 front portion or the rear portions that are arranged on automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 as shown in the figure can be selected the friction element of preceding speed change level or be used to select the friction element of back speed change level to be used as second clutch 7 being arranged on being used in the automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3.In this case, second clutch 7 makes automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 get into the power delivery status to carry out above-mentioned model selection function when engaging extraly, the therefore unnecessary second clutch 7 that uses special use, and this can bring the advantage of cost.
The driving engine 1 of the hybrid power transmission system of vehicle shown in the pie graph 1 to 3, motor-electrical generator 5, first clutch 6 and second clutch 7 are through controlling such as control system shown in Figure 4.
The control system of Fig. 4 comprises that the target shift speed device torque peak tTc2 of the target shift speed device torque peak tTc1 that is used for through using target engine torque tTe, target motor-generator torque tTm, first clutch 6 and second clutch 7 controls the integrated manipulator 20 of the operating point (moment of torsion and rotating speed) of Power Train.
The signal indication engine speed Ne of engine speed sensor 11.Signal indication motor-generator speed the Nm of motor-generator speed sensor 12.The signal indication gear box input rotational speed N i of input speed sensor 13.The signal indication gearbox output rotational speed N o of output speed sensor 14.The signal indication of accelerator open degree sensor 15 is represented the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure (accelerator open degree APO) of the required propulsive effort of Power Train, and the signal indication of charge condition sensor 16 is stored the charge condition SOC (electric power that can take out) of the battery 9 of the electric power that is used for motor-electrical generator 5.These signals all input to integrated manipulator 20 to judge the operating point of Power Train.
In the sensor, engine speed sensor 11, motor-generator speed sensor 12, input speed sensor 13 and output speed sensor 14 can be provided with as Fig. 1 to 3 is said respectively.
According to accelerator open degree APO, battery charging state SOC and gearbox output rotational speed N o (speed V SP), integrated manipulator 20 selects to realize the drive pattern (EV pattern, HEV pattern) of the vehicular drive power that chaufeur is required.Integrated manipulator 20 also calculates target engine torque tTe, target motor-generator torque tTm, target first clutch change-speed box torque peak tTc1 and target second clutch change-speed box torque peak tTc2.Target engine torque tTe is supplied to engine controller 21, and target motor-generator torque tTm is supplied to motor-engine controller 22.
In addition, the control program shown in integrated manipulator 20 execution graphs 5 and 9 is carried out thus according to target engine torque of the present invention and is controlled and realize the improvement to Das Gaspedal volume under pressure responsibility.
Each controller reads the corresponding microcomputer realization of internal memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), central processing unit (CPU) and various input and output bonded assembly through for example comprising here at random such as integrated manipulator 20 grades.Normally, described here and carry out by the CPU that is stored in the one or more software programs among the ROM with each controller associated control function.Certainly, some or all parts and their related functions can realize through hardware component.Though describe three controllers here, also can use more or controller still less.
Fig. 5 is the diagram of circuit that illustrates according to the target engine torque control of one embodiment of the present invention.At first, at step S1, judge whether the operated drive pattern of chaufeur is in dynamic mode.More particularly, detect chaufeur through accelerator pedal operation whether acceleration capability is had requirement.For example, the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure in the predetermined elapsed time section of memory of driving person's Das Gaspedal volume under pressure, and integration one by one.Then, when integrated value surpasses predetermined value, can confirm that chaufeur more preferably quickens than low fuel consumption, and drive pattern is converted to dynamic mode.In dynamic mode, the motor torsional moment of motor-electrical generator 5 adds the engine torque of driving engine 1 auxiliaryly, does not have the common drive condition of preferred acceleration capability to compare with chaufeur thus and can improve acceleration capability.This is similar under the situation of slowing down.Therefore, detecting under the dynamic mode that needs acceleration capability, comparing with the normal conditions that do not have demand like this, increase/reduction rate of target output tTe, tTm, tNm becomes bigger.
When step S1 judges that drive pattern is not in dynamic mode (denying), this control advances to step S4.
At step S4, carry out the drive controlling that is used for motor vehicle driven by mixed power under normal or common drive condition.Because chaufeur does not need this high acceleration capability usually, so thereby target engine torque is controlled the consumption of fuel of realizing optimum, so that fuel consumption efficiency is preferential.Finish this process thus.
Optimum fuel consumption control will be described now.At first, use the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure and the speed of a motor vehicle with reference to calculate the target drives moment of torsion of waiting to be supplied to motor vehicle driven by mixed power wheel drive system such as driving dynamic curve figure shown in Figure 16.According to this target drives moment of torsion and the speed of a motor vehicle, calculate target drives power.Next, according to the charge condition SOC (electric power that can take out) of battery but but reference example as shown in Figure 13 chargeable/discharged power figure confirm target battery chargeable/discharged power.Briefly, shown in figure 13, SOC uprises along with charge condition, and it is big that energy output (battery discharge capacity) becomes, and SOC diminishes along with charge condition, and it is big that input electric energy (battery charge amount) becomes.Hereinafter will specify Figure 13.
Target battery charge/discharge electric power is corresponding to target motor-generator torque.Therefore, common charge condition SOC controlled target motor-generator torque according to battery.The summation of target drives power and target battery charge/discharge electric power is confirmed as target engine power.Then, the operating point chart of reference example consumption of fuel optimal control as shown in Figure 14 obtains the target engine torque that when by engine producing target engine power, can optimize consumption of fuel.With reference to the consumption of fuel optimal control diagram of curves of Figure 14, transverse axis is represented engine speed, and the longitudinal axis is represented engine torque, and dashed curve α is that consumption of fuel is optimized torque wire.Then, calculate target engine torque, make the operating point e that comprises engine speed and engine torque be positioned at consumption of fuel and optimize on the torque wire α.
Figure 14 further illustrates input shaft rotating speed and the output shaft torque of the input shaft 3a of automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3 with operating point t.Driving torque through with wheel 2 recently obtains input torque divided by the fixedly converter speed ratio of difference gear unit 8 and the speed change of automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter 3.In this case; Shown in figure 14; The input torque that limits operating point t is optimized engine torque greater than the consumption of fuel that limits operating point e, and like this, motor-electrical generator 5 carries out as motor that power goes and along the direction auxiliary engine moment of torsion of white arrow.That is, the target drives moment of torsion is embodied as motor-generator torque and target engine torque sum.
Therefore, realize that in summation this vehicle is gone by the target engine torque driving that can optimize consumption of fuel under the situation of target drives moment of torsion of motor vehicle driven by mixed power through target motor-generator torque and target engine torque.Adopt this mode, fuel consumption efficiency is improved.
Be back to step S1 now, if judge that drive pattern is in dynamic mode (being), control advances to step S2 so.
At step S2, judge motor-electrical generator 5 whether as carrying out that power goes and motor torsional moment being added the motor of engine torque, that is, whether motor-electrical generator does not produce booster action.If since produce booster action (being) so motor-electrical generator 5 can not be used as electrical generator, control to carry out optimum fuel consumption so this control advances to step S4 according to number of operations usually.The ground of comparing, if since step S2 judge motor-electrical generator do not produce booster action (deny) so motor-electrical generator 5 can be used as electrical generator, so in this case, control and advance to step S3.
At step S3, carry out the motor vehicle driven by mixed power target engine torque control that is under the dynamic mode.Then, control finishes.Target engine torque control in step S3 judges that the dynamic mode engine torque is optimized for expected value greater than the target engine torque of calculating at step S4 and with consumption of fuel.The target drives moment of torsion is embodied as feasible a part of dynamic mode engine torque driving trailing wheel 2 that passes through, in addition, motor-electrical generator 5 is operating as electrical generator, make through the generation of a part of dynamic mode engine torque execution engine power.
More particularly, for example, the throttle opening through maximization driving engine 1 makes the dynamic mode engine torque equal the maximum engine torque under the present engine rotating speed.In addition, calculate the driving power of transmission shaft 4 outputs, calculate the generation power of motor-electrical generator 5 generations with the difference that this drives between the power according to engine power as the output of crank shaft according to the wheel speed of the driving torque of trailing wheel 2 and trailing wheel 2.That is, the dynamic mode engine torque is enough big, makes target drives moment of torsion under the dynamic mode less than the dynamic mode engine torque.Confirm that motor-generator torque is to suppose a negative value.
Suppose that the dynamic mode engine torque of crank shaft 1a output represented by operating point e, represent by operating point t, obtain Fig. 6 with the cooresponding input shaft moment of torsion of target drives moment of torsion.Be similar to the consumption of fuel optimal control figure of Figure 14, Fig. 6 also is the operating point chart that comprises the transverse axis and the longitudinal axis.In addition, consumption of fuel also is shown and optimizes torque wire α to compare.As shown in Figure 6, the dynamic mode engine torque of being represented by operating point e is positioned at that consumption of fuel is optimized torque wire α top (on the high pulling torque side) and greater than the optimum fuel consumption engine torque.
Because the dynamic mode engine torque is judged as greater than above-mentioned optimum fuel consumption engine torque, so under nearly all situation, the target drives moment of torsion of being represented by operating point t becomes less than the dynamic mode engine torque of being represented by operating point e.Under the situation that the little low load of Das Gaspedal volume under pressure drives, the dynamic mode engine torque is certainly greater than the target drives moment of torsion.Therefore,, make motor-generator torque be assumed to the negative value shown in the downward arrow among Fig. 6 thus, can realize the target drives moment of torsion through motor-electrical generator 5 is produced electric power as electrical generator and use driving engine 1.
The ground of comparing under the situation that the big top load of Das Gaspedal volume under pressure drives, following situation can occur, is promptly become greater than the dynamic mode engine torque by Das Gaspedal aperture APO and the definite target drives moment of torsion of the speed of a motor vehicle (gearbox output rotational speed N o).In the operating point chart of Fig. 7, the target drives moment of torsion represented by the operating point t state greater than the dynamic mode engine torque of being represented by operating point e is shown.Therefore, in this case, realize the target drives moment of torsion as carrying out the motor that power goes through making motor-electrical generator 5, make thus motor-generator torque be assumed to as among Fig. 7 to shown in the upward arrow on the occasion of.
Comparative Example in the variation of the driving torque that under the situation that the control of this embodiment does not have to carry out, occurs such as the time diagram of Figure 15 illustrates, simultaneously please with reference to the time diagram of Fig. 8.
At first, with reference to Figure 15 this Comparative Example is described.Before moment t1, the execution accelerator open degree approaches zero and driving torque approaches zero low load operation.Before moment t1 and during the period afterwards, the dynamic mode mark of expression dynamic mode is 1.In the time diagram of Figure 15, engine speed is identical and lower with motor rotary speed, because first clutch the 6 and the 27 engages.The charge condition SOC of battery 9 is enough high, thereby can export auxiliary power shown in Figure 13.Motor-generator torque is near zero, and driving torque is engine torque no better than.
When the continuous time from t1 to t2, chaufeur significantly and apace pressed down Das Gaspedal the section, this Das Gaspedal does not press down can only produce the instruction that increases motor-generator torque.On the contrary, send an instruction to increase engine torque.
Whereby, near t2 constantly the time, increase fast and be injected towards engine torque as instrumental value in response to the motor-generator torque of accelerator open degree.Near the ensuing moment t3 time, the engine torque in response to accelerator open degree increases lentamente.After moment t3, comprise that the driving torque of engine torque and motor-generator torque is assumed to a maxim, as response, after moment t3, the acceleration/accel of vehicle is assumed to a peak value.After moment t2, the acceleration/accel of motor vehicle driven by mixed power begins to increase immediately, and after moment t3, continues to increase.But, when acceleration, postpone to recur in engine response delay during the period from moment t1 to moment t2 and the engine response during period from moment t2 to moment t3.This acceleration can not be satisfied driver requested dynamic mode and quicken.
Adopt this mode, under Das Gaspedal, be pressed on after the moment t1, need obviously many time acceleration/accels just can increase to peak value, therefore, not talkative responsibility is good.Simultaneously, after moment t3, when engine speed and motor rotary speed were assumed to identical speed, they increased gradually.The charge condition SOC of the battery 9 of output auxiliary power reduces gradually.
The ground of comparing; In said embodiment of the present invention; If the dynamic mode mark is 1; Shown in the time diagram of Fig. 8,, engine torque is become greatly even be that Das Gaspedal is pressed down and motor-generator torque is assumed to a negative value (power generation torque) and is in low load before and drives down so before the moment t1.Thus, realization is less than the target drives moment of torsion (dotted line among Fig. 8) of engine torque.Downward arrow among Fig. 6 is represented motor-generator torque.Whereby, before moment t1, promptly when low load drove, charge condition SOC increased.
At ensuing moment t2, motor-generator torque is increased fast, supposing one, thereby realize target drives moment of torsion (referring to Fig. 7) greater than engine torque on the occasion of (motor torsional moment).Reason for this reason, after moment t2, promptly when top load drove, charge condition SOC reduced gradually.
As shown in Figure 8; Owing to before made engine torque become big according to this embodiment; Increase engine torque so there is no need after the moment that Das Gaspedal is depressed (from moment t1 to t2 constantly), and can only pass through motor-generator torque realization target drives moment of torsion.Therefore, can under the situation that not influenced by engine torque, realize the responsibility of driving torque.Therefore, quicken not receive the influence that engine response postpones, but can realize that the required dynamic mode of chaufeur quickens.
At Fig. 8, identical in accelerator open degree and dynamic mode mark and the Comparative Example shown in Figure 15.
Fig. 9 is the diagram of circuit that illustrates according to the target engine torque control of second embodiment of the invention.At Fig. 9, step S1, S2 and S4 are identical with the step of the diagram of circuit of Fig. 5, therefore omit the explanation to it for the sake of brevity.Hereinafter describes different steps, and is equipped with different reference letters.
If judge that at the step S2 of Fig. 9 motor-electrical generator does not produce booster action (denying), control advances to step S5 so.Treatment step S5 to S8 carries out the motor vehicle driven by mixed power target engine torque control under the dynamic mode.At step S5, calculate dynamic mode engine torque and this moment of torsion greater than the target engine torque that can optimize consumption of fuel of in step S4, calculating.The dynamic mode engine torque of calculating here is maximum throttle opening engine torque, that is, and and the engine torque under the throttle opening maximization situation of driving engine 1.This computing value through with the dynamic mode driving engine multiply by the present engine rotating speed, can obtain engine power.In addition, take turns speed and calculate and drive power (equaling driving power) through the target drives moment of torsion being multiply by trailing wheel 2 by transmission shaft 4 outputs.Through from drive power, deducting engine power, can calculate required generation power P1.
At following step S6, but according to the charge condition SOC of battery 9 and with reference to the battery of Figure 13 chargeable/discharged power, for example, can obtain the maximum allowable electric power of battery 9, for example P2.Judge further whether required generation power P1 is equal to or less than the maximum allowable electric power P2 of battery 9.If required generation power P1 is equal to or less than maximum allowable electric power P2 (being), control advances to step S7 so.
Now to the exemplary battery that illustrates among Figure 13 chargeable/but discharged power figure carries out extra explanation.Here, transverse axis is represented the charge condition SOC of battery 9, and the longitudinal axis is represented the I/O of battery 9.Minus side at zero point of the longitudinal axis produces electric power once more and exports electric power to battery 9 thereby motor-electrical generator 5 is operating as electrical generator, thus battery 9 is charged.On the other hand, on the positive side at zero point, thereby battery 9 discharges export electric power to motor-electrical generator 5, make that motor-electrical generator 5 is operating as motor to go to carry out power.Serviceability and charge condition SOC according to motor-electrical generator 5 judge electric power that inputs to battery 9 and the electric power of being exported by battery 9.
Under the situation that motor-electrical generator 5 is operating as the auxiliary thus increase engine torque of motor, confirm battery output with reference to auxiliary power line shown in Figure 13.To be motor-electrical generator 5 as motor operate SOC value a1 that power goes and auxiliary engine 1 drives required minimum state of charge during the HEV pattern, to carry out.If charge condition SOC is higher than a1, battery 9 is exported auxiliary powers so.In the time of in charge condition SOC is in the scope from value a1 to auxiliary restriction starting SOC value a12; Auxiliary power increases along with the increase of charge condition SOC; When charge condition SOC is higher than auxiliary restriction starting SOC value a12, the exportable constant auxiliary power that has nothing to do with charge condition SOC.Because the output of auxiliary power makes battery 9 discharge and reduces charge condition SOC, so charge condition SOC changes towards a1.When charge condition SOC was equal to or less than a1, auxiliary power was suppressed.Here, battery output has the identical implication of battery discharge of emitting energy with battery 9.Auxiliary restriction starting SOC value a12 is used to detect charge condition SOC whether near the threshold value of a1.
Under the situation of the motor that motor-electrical generator 5 is operating as execution EV driving, drive realization electric power judgement battery with reference to EV shown in Figure 13 and export.SOC value a2 is operating as the required minimum state of charge SOC of motor that execution power goes with motor-electrical generator 5 during the EV pattern.If charge condition SOC is higher than a2, exports EV so and drive realization electric power.When charge condition SOC during near a2 EV drive and realize that electric power increases along with the increase of charge condition SOC, when charge condition SOC was in specific high magnitude, the exportable driving with the irrelevant constant EV of charge condition SOC realized electric power.Because EV drives the output that realizes electric power charge condition SOC is reduced, so charge condition SOC changes towards a2.When charge condition SOC is equal to or less than a2, does not export EV and drive realization electric power.Unmodified EV drive to realize electric power less than above-mentioned unmodified auxiliary power, thereby and a2 during the EV pattern, guarantee to make electric power and the electric energy that motor-electrical generator 5 can fire an engine 1 greater than a1.
From driving engine 1 input power generation torque with operation motor-electrical generator 5 during as electrical generator, through judge the battery input with reference to generation power shown in Figure 13.SOC value b2 imports power generation torques to carry out the required maximum state of charge SOC of engine power generation from driving engine 1 to motor-electrical generator 5 during the HEV pattern.If charge condition SOC less than b2, inputs to battery 9 with generation power so.During near SOC value b2; Generation power increases (in Figure 13 along with reducing of charge condition SOC; Imput power increases in a downward direction), when charge condition SOC is in specific low value, can be with inputing to battery with the irrelevant constant generation power P2 of charge condition SOC.P2 is called as maximum allowable electric power.Because the input of generation power can increase charge condition SOC, so charge condition SOC changes towards b2.When charge condition SOC is equal to or greater than b2, generation power is not inputed to battery 9.
Import again power generation torque from wheel 2 so that motor-electrical generator 5 is operating as electrical generator, judging the battery input with reference to generation power more shown in Figure 13.SOC value b1 drives the maximum state of charge under the generating situation again during the EV pattern brake torque being inputed to motor-electrical generator 5 from wheel 2 with execution.As charge condition SOC during less than b1, generation power inputs to battery 9 so that battery 9 is charged again.When charge condition SOC during near b1 (in Figure 13; Input electric power increases in a downward direction) along with the reduction of charge condition SOC; Generation power increases again, when charge condition SOC is in specific low value, and can be with inputing to battery 9 with the irrelevant constant generation power again of charge condition SOC.Since will be again generation power input to battery 9 and can increase charge condition SOC, so charge condition SOC will change towards b1.As charge condition SOC during greater than b1, generating is suppressed again.The implication of used here battery input is identical with the implication of the battery charge that the battery harvest energy is carried out.Unmodified generation power again during the EV pattern, thereby makes SOC value b1 greater than SOC value b2 harvest energy as much as possible greater than unmodified generation power (in Figure 13 position by down), and the raising energy efficiency.
Auxiliary power, EV drive realize electric power, generation power and again generation power be the previous value of preferably confirming by experiment etc., thereby realize optimum fuel consumption.
Return Fig. 9,, thereby confirm that target engine torque realizes required generation power P1 at step S7.Then, end of program.Here used target engine torque is the maximum throttle opening engine torque of in step S5, calculating.
The ground of comparing when when step S6 judges required generation power P1 greater than maximum allowable electric power P2 (deny), is controlled and is advanced to step S8, but not step S7.
At step S8, thereby confirm target engine torque realization maximum allowable electric power P2.Then, end of program.In this one side, thereby do not realize that required generation power P1 protection battery 9 avoids overload.
Here the target engine torque of confirming not is the dynamic mode engine torque of the maximum throttle opening engine torque that equals in step S5, to calculate; But be calculated as the value (hereinafter, being called the engine torque that is used to protect) that realizes the target drives moment of torsion and produce the dynamic mode engine torque of maximum allowable electric power P2.
With reference to the operating point chart of Figure 10, explain that why the target engine torque of in step S8, confirming is less than the maximum throttle opening engine torque that in step S5, is calculated as the dynamic mode engine torque.
At the target engine torque of calculating by the diagram of circuit of Fig. 9 shown in the operating point chart of Figure 10.In Figure 10, operating point e1 is illustrated in the dynamic mode engine torque that calculates among the step S5.Operating point e1 is positioned at the maximum throttle opening torque curve β top of the engine torque under the situation of throttle opening complete opening that expression is in driving engine 1 and is illustrated in the maximum engine torque under this engine speed.Operating point e2 is illustrated in the dynamic mode engine torque that step S8 confirms.When replying when being among the step S6, the moment of torsion of visible operating point e2 is less than the moment of torsion of operating point e1 in Figure 10.That is, in motor-generator torque of representing by white arrow, be in the scope from operating point e1 to operating point t with the cooresponding motor-generator torque of vehicle target driving torque big (length) because put e1 corresponding to required generation power P1.The ground of comparing is in the motor-generator torque little (weak point) the scope from operating point e2 to operating point t, because some e2 is corresponding to maximum allowable electric power P2.Through in step S8, confirming operating point e2, can prevent the overload of battery 9.
Though not shown among Figure 10, when replying for not time of step S6, operating point e2 becomes greater than operating point e1, can not produce overload even make in step S7, to be determined with the cooresponding operating point e1 of electric power P1 yet.
Next will the effect according to the target engine torque control that is in dynamic mode of second embodiment be described with reference to the time diagram of Figure 11.In Figure 11, identical among the embodiment of accelerator open degree, dynamic mode mark and rotating speed and Fig. 8.
In this embodiment; When dynamic mode is labeled as 1 and before moment t0; Maximum throttle opening engine torque is confirmed as target engine torque (according to step S7), and after moment t0, target engine torque is confirmed as and realized maximum allowable electric power P2 (according to step S8).During the period from moment t0 to moment t11, target engine torque reduces gradually.Equally, generation power (motor-generator torque) also reduces gradually, makes that the input torque as the input shaft 3a of these moment of torsion sums remains unchanged.Reason for this reason, the vehicular drive moment of torsion shown in the dotted line among Figure 11 is a unmodified during the period from moment t0 to t11 constantly.Thereby carry out generating owing to during this period, confirm motor-generator torque to be assumed to a negative value, so charge condition SOC increases.According to this embodiment; Through selecting step S8; The power generation torque of the motor-electrical generator during the period from moment t11 to t1 is constantly become less than the generator for electricity generation moment of torsion before moment t11, make the increase rate of change of the charge condition SOC during period diminish from moment t11 to t1 constantly.Time diagram after moment t1 has omitted the explanation to it here thus with shown in Figure 8 identical.According to present embodiment, quicken not receive the influence of engine response delay, but can realize that the required dynamic mode of chaufeur quickens.In addition, can protect battery 9 to avoid overload.
Preferably, but not necessarily, but battery chargeable/the maximum allowable electric power P2 shown in the discharged power chart becomes big under dynamic mode.But Figure 12 is a battery chargeable/discharged power chart, wherein maximum allowable electric power is changed to P3 from P2.In Figure 12, P3 is lower than P2 greater than P2 and its position.
Through making this change, the possibility that " deny " response in step S6, occurs increases, and makes the engine torque of unshowned operating point e2 greater than the situation increase of the engine torque of operating point e1.Therefore, remain greater than usual state, can improve the inadequate situation of electric power under the dynamic mode through charge condition with battery 9.
Operation and the effect of first and second embodiment are described hereinafter.In these embodiment, through before engine torque being remained the target engine torque that motor-generator torque big and that control responds fast can realize having good responsibility.Can be clear that from Fig. 6,7 and 10; More stress at the required drive pattern of chaufeur under the dynamic mode of acceleration capability (in the step S1 of Fig. 5 and 9; Be), will comprise that the operating point e greater than the dynamic mode engine torque of the optimum fuel consumption engine torque on the β confirms as target engine torque.Therefore, there is no need under dynamic mode, to change engine torque, the driving torque that can realize having good response property thus according to the Das Gaspedal volume under pressure.In addition, when the volume and weight that need not make motor-electrical generator becomes big, can use the motor-electrical generator that to export the same magnitude torque peak as conventional motor-electrical generator.
As shown in Figure 6; Owing in first embodiment, confirm motor-generator torque during less than dynamic mode engine torque (some e) supposing a negative value when the vehicle target driving torque of (some t) under the dynamic mode, so even in low load driving and do not change the target drives moment of torsion that also can realize having good response property under the situation of engine torque.Also can generation power be supplied to battery 9.
As shown in Figure 7; Since confirm when the target drives moment of torsion of the vehicle of (some t) is greater than dynamic mode engine torque (some e) when being in dynamic mode under in first embodiment motor-generator torque with suppose one on the occasion of, so even in the top load driving and do not change the target drives moment of torsion that also can realize having good responsibility under the situation of engine torque.Therefore, but the driving power of auxiliary rear wheel 2.
In addition, with maximum throttle opening engine torque, promptly be in engine torque under the maximum throttle opening of driving engine and confirm as the dynamic mode engine torque among the step S7 of second embodiment.Therefore, can and respond the target drives moment of torsion that the control of motor-generator torque realizes having good responsibility fast through previous maximization engine torque.Equally, can increase the electrical generator meeting of battery 9, such as between low load driver stage.
Because in a second embodiment; Receive the step S6 of charge condition SOC at Fig. 9 of battery 9 of electric power to be detected to motor-electrical generator 5 supply capabilities and from motor-electrical generator 5; And the detection charge condition SOC according among the next step S8 confirms the dynamic mode engine torque, can avoid the overload of battery 9.
In this embodiment; In step S5, calculate the generation power P1 that is in the motor-electrical generator under the maximum throttle opening engine torque; In step S6, calculate maximum allowable electric power P2, confirm to realize to export the two the engine torque of motor-generator torque and target drives moment of torsion of maximum allowable electric power P2.Therefore, under the situation of maximum allowable electric power P2, replace maximum throttle opening engine torque to protect battery 9 to avoid overload (step S8 replaces step S7) through working power mode engine moment of torsion less than generation power P1.
In addition; Under the situation of maximum allowable electric energy less than generation power; During the period from moment t0 to moment t11, the dynamic mode engine torque little by little is changed to the engine torque (step S7) that is used to protect from maximum throttle opening engine torque (step S7).Therefore, can be easily remain fixed value as the input torque of the input shaft 3a of engine torque and motor-generator torque sum.Reason for this reason, the driving torque that is used for vehicle can remain unchanged shown in the dotted line of Figure 11, and can prevent unhelpful change in torque.
Shown in figure 12, under dynamic mode, maximum allowable electric power can be changed into P3, more stresses the maximum allowable electric power P2 of the power supply generally of fuel consumption efficiency greater than the required drive pattern of chaufeur thereby become.Whereby, can the charge condition of battery 9 be remained, can improve the inadequate situation of electric power of the battery 9 that is under the dynamic mode thus greater than normal conditions.
The foregoing description is used for more easily understanding the present invention, rather than restriction the present invention.On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover various improvement and equivalent structure in the scope that is included in appended claim, all this improvement and equivalent structures that the scope of accompanying claims the most broadly covers law and allowed.
Claims (11)
1. hybrid vehicle drive control apparatus that is used to comprise the vehicle of driving engine and motor-electrical generator, this device comprises:
Controller, to obtain the target drives moment of torsion, wherein, said target drives moment of torsion equals the engine torque and the said motor-generator torque sum of said driving engine to this controller in order to motor-generator torque of controlling said motor-electrical generator; In order to confirm whether the desired drive pattern of chaufeur is more to stress acceleration capability but not the dynamic mode of fuel consumption efficiency; And when the desired said drive pattern of said chaufeur is said dynamic mode, use greater than the dynamic mode engine torque of optimum fuel consumption engine torque target engine torque as said driving engine;
Said dynamic mode engine torque equals maximum throttle opening engine torque, and this maximum throttle opening engine torque is the engine torque under the maximum throttle opening of said driving engine;
Said controller also in order to:
Calculate the generation power of the said motor-electrical generator under the said maximum throttle opening of said driving engine;
The maximum power of calculating in order to supply power to said motor-electrical generator and to receive the power supply of electric power from said motor-electrical generator; And
Under the situation of said maximum power, said dynamic mode engine torque is confirmed as the two driving engine protection moment of torsion of motor-generator torque of realizing the said maximum power of output and said target drives moment of torsion less than said generation power;
Said controller also in order to more to stress the common operating period of said fuel consumption efficiency at the desired drive pattern of said chaufeur, makes the maximum power of said maximum power greater than said power supply.
2. device according to claim 1, wherein, when said target drives moment of torsion during less than said dynamic mode engine torque, said motor-generator torque is a negative value.
3. device according to claim 1, wherein, when said target drives moment of torsion during greater than said dynamic mode engine torque, said motor-generator torque be on the occasion of.
4. device according to claim 1, wherein, said controller is further in order to according in order to supply power to said motor-electrical generator and to confirm said dynamic mode engine torque from the charge condition that said motor-electrical generator receives the power supply of electric power.
5. device according to claim 1; Wherein, Said controller also in order in the operating period under the said dynamic mode, when said maximum power becomes less than said generation power, makes said dynamic mode engine torque little by little change to said driving engine protection moment of torsion from said maximum throttle opening engine torque.
6. method that is used to control the motor vehicle driven by mixed power that comprises driving engine and motor-electrical generator, this method comprises:
Motor-generator torque of controlling said motor-electrical generator is to obtain the target drives moment of torsion, and wherein, said target drives moment of torsion equals the engine torque and the said motor-generator torque sum of said driving engine; And
When acceleration capability has precedence over fuel consumption efficiency, use greater than the dynamic mode engine torque of optimum fuel consumption engine torque target engine torque as said driving engine;
Said dynamic mode engine torque equals maximum throttle opening engine torque, and this maximum throttle opening engine torque is the engine torque under the maximum throttle opening of said driving engine;
Also comprise:
Calculate the generation power of the said motor-electrical generator under the said maximum throttle opening of said driving engine;
The maximum power of calculating in order to supply power to said motor-electrical generator and to receive the power supply of electric power from said motor-electrical generator; And
Under the situation of said maximum power, said dynamic mode engine torque is confirmed as the two driving engine protection moment of torsion of motor-generator torque of realizing the said maximum power of output and said target drives moment of torsion less than said generation power;
More stress common operating period of said fuel consumption efficiency at the desired drive pattern of said chaufeur, make the maximum power of said maximum power greater than said power supply.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, when said target drives moment of torsion during less than said dynamic mode engine torque, said motor-generator torque is a negative value.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, when said target drives moment of torsion during greater than said dynamic mode engine torque, said motor-generator torque be on the occasion of.
9. method according to claim 6, wherein, when said target drives moment of torsion during greater than said dynamic mode engine torque, said motor-generator torque be on the occasion of.
10. method according to claim 6 also comprises:
According in order to supply power to said motor-electrical generator and to confirm said dynamic mode engine torque from the charge condition that said motor-electrical generator receives the power supply of electric power.
11. method according to claim 6 also comprises:
In the operating period under the said dynamic mode, when said maximum power becomes less than said generation power, said dynamic mode engine torque is little by little changed to said driving engine protection moment of torsion from said maximum throttle opening engine torque.
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| JP2008054011A JP5456263B2 (en) | 2007-05-02 | 2008-03-04 | Drive control apparatus for hybrid vehicle |
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