CN101294923B

CN101294923B - Capacitor type smoke detector

Info

Publication number: CN101294923B
Application number: CN2008100242931A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张永明; 王进军; 蔡霆力; 方俊; 乔利锋
Original assignee: University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Current assignee: University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Priority date: 2008-05-29
Filing date: 2008-05-29
Publication date: 2011-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2028-05-29
Also published as: CN101294923A

Abstract

The invention relates to a smoke fire detector, in particular to a capacitive smoke fire detector, and solves the problem that the existing fire detector has complex application background and is effected by different interference sources; the invention comprises a shell and a capacitor, wherein, the capacitor comprises 3 to 20 layers of capacitance plates and two electrode rods; the capacitance plate has round plate shape with the diameter of 30 to 150mm, wherein, two sides of an insulating plate are respectively provided with an upper layer of capacitance pole and a lower layer of capacitance plate; the upper layer of capacitance poles of adjacent capacitance plates are connected in parallel by an upper layer of parallel leads; the lower layer of capacitance plates of adjacent capacitance plates are connected in parallel by a lower layer of parallel leads; the capacitance plates are fixed on the two electrode rods; the distance of the adjacent capacitance plates is 2 to 10mm; the capacitor is arranged at the lower part of the inner of the shell; an anti-insect net is positioned at the lower part of the shell; the invention is a capacitive fire detector based on a new concept, which has simple form, complete function, wide environment background adaptive capacity and realizing capacity of improving the effective function in the condition of complex environment.

Description

Capacitor type smoke detector

Technical field

The present invention relates to fire detection technology, belong to Fire Science, can be applied to typical place and carry out auto fire-detection, promptly a kind of smoke fire detector.

Background technology

Fire is that people just begin to carry out unremitting struggle with fire from ancient times to one of the most serious disaster of human society harm.But, just realize the automatic detection of fire gradually along with the development of electronic technology people up to the eighties of last century sixties.With the same acute variation of human social development speed be that the kind and the extent of injury of fire is also serious day by day, every technology that people grasp becomes increasingly abundant, there is increasing technological means to be applied in the auto fire-detection field, people can realize surveying automatically purpose to the fire in most of places at present, but the wrong report problem of fire detector is still perplexing people dearly.What be most widely used in daily place at present is the photoelectric fire detecting device, people are deep day by day to the light scattering characteristic research of smog, the form of optical detector of fire smoke is also increasingly sophisticated, and function realizes being gradually improved, but still can't fundamentally solve the wrong report problem of this type of fire detector.When the detector technology of obtaining certain successful Application is constantly progressive, people still keep and attempt the new system of selection of detection means to enrich constantly when facing fire threat, the continuous development of new technologies such as optoacoustic detection, microwave sounding, video detection has promptly brought the abundant of fire means of prevention, also makes people can face fire threat simultaneously more confidently.But, the conventional fire autodetector all can be subjected to the influence of different interference sources and cause system works undesired based on the technology under the different operating principle condition, and the complicacy of fire detecting system application background just the conventional fire detector can't avoid and one of the outstanding problem that is difficult to effectively be solved.

Summary of the invention

For the application background complexity that solves existing fire detector, the problem that is subjected to different interference source influences, the invention provides the condenser type fire detector that is applicable to the different application background environment.

Concrete structural design scheme is as follows:

Capacitor type smoke detector comprises shell and capacitor,

Described capacitor comprises 3-20 layer capacitance plate and two electrode stems, and described capacitor board is discoid, and diameter is the 30-150 millimeter, and capacitor board comprises insulcrete, and the insulcrete two sides are respectively equipped with upper strata capacitance pole and lower floor's capacitor board; Between the upper strata capacitance pole of adjacent capacitor plate by upper strata parallel conducting wire parallel connection, between lower floor's capacitor board of adjacent capacitor plate by lower floor's parallel conducting wire parallel connection; The capacitor board series connection is fixed on two electrode stems, and the spacing between the adjacent capacitor plate is the 2-10 millimeter;

Described capacitor is positioned at the housing bottom, and the lower housing portion sidewall is a fly net.

Described housing is up big and down small step-like right cylinder, and case material is engineering plastics; Bottom periphery uniform radial radial slot or counterclockwise spiral fashion radial slot.

The fly net material of the described lower housing portion sidewall that is connected with the bottom surface is metal or plastics.

Computing formula C=ε S/4 π kd according to capacitor's capacity, at a capacitor of giving fixed structure, the variation of its appearance value is only relevant with the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT of environment of living in, and thereby the specific inductive capacity of the air appearance value that causes electric capacity that can change changes under the varying environment condition, the same situation that can reflect capacitor environment of living in that changes according to the capacitor appearance value that records, the present invention promptly is the situation that reflects electric capacity smoke fire detector environment of living in according to the capacitor appearance value situation of change that records, thereby realizes the purpose of automatic fire alarm.

Useful technique effect of the present invention is embodied in following several aspect:

1, core component is simple in structure, condenser type fire detector as a kind of brand-new principle, the structure of its core component---capacitor is compared greatly succinct with the conventional fire detector, only the capacitor board by sandwich construction constitutes, principle novelty, simple, the complete function of form, the fire detector of tradition band labyrinth structure has clear superiority.

2, monitoring analysis circuit engineering advanced person, realize the monitoring analysis circuit of important leverage as function, on the basis that the monitoring function of conventional fire detector weak signal is realized, merged advanced fuzzy neural network module, for the adaptivity of detector provides effective guarantee, on the basis that probe functionality realizes, it is carried out can realizing adaptive capacity to environment more widely behind the sample training targetedly.

3, application conditions is simple, the conventional fire autodetector all can be subjected to the influence of different interference sources and cause system works undesired based on the technology under the different operating principle condition, and the complicacy of fire detecting system application background just the conventional fire detector can't avoid and one of the outstanding problem that is difficult to effectively be solved, after advanced fuzzy neural network system has been adopted at place of the present invention, can train according to the different application background environment targetedly, make it have adaptability, can make this technology have environmental background adaptive faculty widely like this and improve effective efficiency fulfillment capability under complicated environmental condition environment.

4, actively promote new principle to implement in the exploration in fire detection technology field, the complicacy of detection can be deepened day by day along with the development of society, fire detection technology must be able to adapt to the development of this complicacy, development along with basic subject, fire detection technology as an intersecting machine electric system research must be able to be learnt wildly from other's strong points, try to explore, the present invention has made positive demonstration in this regard, wishes to take this to drive the flourish of more heterogeneous pass research.

5, further enrich the means of fire control effective technology, the fire Prevention Technique is the dependence that people reduce fire hazard, the technological means that condenser type fire detector of the present invention can further enrich people when tackling fire hazard is for the positive purpose of preventing and treating provides a new powerful mean.

6, promote the scientific research content of fire detection technology research, fire detection technology is the application technology Journal of Sex Research, the generation of each new technology all will promote carrying out of research of associated upstream fire dynamics and the interior related scientific research content of downstream fire detection technology engineering application, application of the present invention also will promote carrying out of Related Research Domain clinical practice research contents, provide certain active promoting function for further improving the Fire Science system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention,

Fig. 2 is a capacitor type smoke detector housing bottom upward view,

Fig. 3 is the capacitor arrangement cut-open view,

Fig. 4 is the capacitor outside drawing,

Fig. 5 is a capacitor type smoke detector principle of work block diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done to describe further by embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, capacitor type smoke detector comprises shell 1 and capacitor 2.

Capacitor comprises 12 layer capacitance plates and two electrode stems, and capacitor board is discoid, and diameter is 80 millimeters, and capacitor board comprises insulcrete 9, and insulcrete 9 two sides are fixed with upper strata capacitance pole 5 and lower floor's capacitor board 6 respectively; Between the upper strata capacitance pole 5 of adjacent capacitor plate by 7 parallel connections of upper strata parallel conducting wire, between lower floor's capacitor board 6 of adjacent capacitor plate by 8 parallel connections of lower floor's parallel conducting wire; The capacitor board series connection is fixed on two electrode stems 16, and the spacing between the adjacent capacitor plate is 6 millimeters, sees Fig. 2; Capacitor 2 is positioned at housing 1 bottom; Housing 1 is up big and down small step-like right cylinder, and case material is engineering plastics; Bottom surface 4 periphery uniform radial radial slot or spiral fashion radial slot counterclockwise; The lower housing portion sidewall that is connected with the bottom surface is a fly net 3, and the fly net material is metal or plastics, and it is smooth and easy and can prevent that small worm from entering and get final product that physical dimension and opening diameter can satisfy air flow.

The capacitance of this implementation example parameter in general environment is 585pF, and capacitance can change in different smog environment.

In conjunction with above-mentioned implementation example 1, electric capacity smoke detector 10 is in the different testing environments, the appearance value of capacitance measurement circuit 11 real-time monitoring capacitors changes, signal after the processing of pre-amplification circuit 12 and main amplifying circuit 13 with fuzzy neural network 14 databases in data compare the situation of judging electric capacity smoke detector environment of living in by anticipation output module 15, and provide judged result, see Fig. 5.

Capacitor (smog, humidity, temperature) appearance value in varying environment all can change, this implementation example is based upon on the fuzzy neural network basis, appearance value Changing Pattern according to capacitor under the different condition has been set up the fuzzy neural network judgment model, for the operate as normal of system provides the basis.

Embodiment 2:

Capacitor comprises 20 layer capacitance plates, and capacitor board is that diameter is 30 millimeters, and the spacing between the adjacent capacitor plate is 2 millimeters; The capacitance parameter of this implementation example is 412pF.

Other is with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3:

Capacitor comprises 3 layer capacitance plates, and capacitor board is that diameter is 150 millimeters, and the spacing between the adjacent capacitor plate is 10 millimeters; This implementation example capacitance parameter is 2966pF.

Other is with embodiment 1.

Claims

1. capacitor type smoke detector is characterized in that: comprise shell and capacitor,

Described capacitor comprises 3-20 layer capacitance plate and two electrode stems, and described capacitor board is discoid, and diameter is the 30-150 millimeter, and capacitor board comprises insulcrete (10), and insulcrete (10) two sides are respectively equipped with upper strata capacitor board (5) and lower floor's capacitor board (6); Between the upper strata capacitor board (5) of adjacent capacitor plate by upper strata parallel conducting wire (7) parallel connection, between lower floor's capacitor board (6) of adjacent capacitor plate by lower floor's parallel conducting wire (8) parallel connection; The capacitor board series connection is fixed on two electrode stems, and the spacing between the adjacent capacitor plate is the 2-10 millimeter;

2. capacitor type smoke detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described housing is up big and down small step-like right cylinder, and case material is engineering plastics; Bottom periphery uniform radial radial slot or counterclockwise spiral fashion radial slot.

3. capacitor type smoke detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the fly net material of the described lower housing portion sidewall that is connected with the bottom surface is metal or plastics.