CN101291069B - Photovoltaic parallel-net power generating system realizing on-line capacity enlarging - Google Patents
Photovoltaic parallel-net power generating system realizing on-line capacity enlarging Download PDFInfo
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- CN101291069B CN101291069B CN200810028398.4A CN200810028398A CN101291069B CN 101291069 B CN101291069 B CN 101291069B CN 200810028398 A CN200810028398 A CN 200810028398A CN 101291069 B CN101291069 B CN 101291069B
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic grid-connected power generation system which is capable of realizing online capacity expansion. The system mainly comprises at least one group of photovoltaic array, a centralized display control module and two groups or more than two groups of grid-connected inversion modules, wherein the electric energy transmission between photovoltaic arrays and modules is realized by photovoltaic DC buses, and the signal data transmission between the photovoltaic arrays and the modules is realized by communication buses; the grid-connected inversion modules output electric energy to a bus of the electric grid; because the MPPT centralized control and the maximum efficiency control of the photovoltaic array group and the grid-connected inversion modules are realized by the centralized display control module, the whole machine can share one group of photovoltaic array and automatically adjust the opening and closing of the grid-connected inversion modules by tracking photovoltaic energy, which makes the system always operate in a state of maximum efficiency; when the capacity expansion is needed, the capacity expansion can be realized by increasing photovoltaic array groups and grid-connected inversion modules; moreover, the system adopts designs of modularization and hot plug, the system has strong practicability in aspects such as maintenance and capacity expansion, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system realizing on-line rapid estimation.
Background technology
Recent years is parallel network power generation technology rise the new technology of coming, and compared with traditional coal electricity, oily electricity, has the plurality of advantages such as environmental protection, energy free consumption, becomes the emphasis of Future Development.But there are reliability, maintainable relevant issues equally as electronic product.
What photovoltaic generating system comparatively popular on the market all adopted at present is unit work, namely photovoltaic array can only be that a combining inverter is powered, can not simultaneously for multiple stage combining inverter be powered, reason is that what to adopt on maximal power tracing is distributing control device, therefore can not realize photovoltaic array and share.The capacity increasing photovoltaic array and combining inverter can only be adopted when user needs to carry out dilatation, thus significantly increases secondary input cost.And adopt unit work to significantly increase system works maintenance.When unit is operated in low load condition, conversion efficiency is obviously low.
The middle-size and small-size photovoltaic generating system of universalness along with photovoltaic generating system enters family and village, and the modularized design of photovoltaic combining inverter will become the trend of middle-size and small-size photovoltaic generation from now on.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one can on-line rapid estimation as required, can realize photovoltaic array and share, combining inverter adopts the grid-connected photovoltaic system of modularized design.
The present invention is a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic system realizing on-line rapid estimation, mainly comprise at least one group of photovoltaic array, a centralized displaying control module and two groups and Inverter Unit more than two, each photovoltaic array and each intermodule realize the transmission of electric energy by photovoltaic DC bus, the transmission of signal data is realized by communication bus, each Inverter Unit exports electric energy to electrical network bus, wherein:
This photovoltaic array exports electric energy to photovoltaic DC bus, and output signal data obtains control signal data to communication bus and from communication bus;
This centralized displaying control module master carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking centralized control to each photovoltaic array, according to the size of photovoltaic array electric energy, control to open or close Inverter Unit, thus carry out Energy optimization control, complete the data communication with each Inverter Unit and centralized displaying system operational parameters;
The output electric energy of the photovoltaic array obtained from photovoltaic DC bus is directly changed into alternating current by this Inverter Unit, and be input to electrical network bus, the size of its power that is connected to the grid is subject to the control of centralized displaying control module, and its parameter run and data are delivered to centralized displaying control module by communication bus.
Described centralized displaying control module is primarily of SPI communication module, signals collecting control module, grid-connected power computation module, concentrated MPPT control module, Energy optimization control module, state control and display module and power supply composition; Wherein:
This SPI communication module completes the communication with other Inverter Unit mainly through communication bus;
The data that this signals collecting control module mainly sends SPI communication module are distinguished, are distributed, and decode required various signal and working status parameter from data, control and display module use for grid-connected power computation module or state;
The current signal that signals collecting control module decodes out by this grid-connected power computation module carries out accumulation calculating, complete the calculating to the grid-connected gross power of complete machine and each Inverter Unit power, result of calculation is for concentrated MPPT control module or maximum power control module;
This concentrated MPPT control module controls for the MPPT of complete machine, carries out spotting scaming to the maximum power of at least one group of photovoltaic array, thus determines its maximum power working point, makes photovoltaic array Maximum Power Output;
This Energy optimization control module obtains module gross power from grid-connected power computation module, power adjustment parameter is obtained from concentrated MPPT control module, then according to quantity and the working condition of Inverter Unit, each Inverter Unit is controlled, to make the module of each work be in full load condition to greatest extent, thus promote overall efficiency;
The real-time working data that the control of this state and display module mainly take out each Inverter Unit from signals collecting control module show, and understand working state of system for user;
This power supply is the control power unit of centralized displaying control module, and it obtains electric energy and carries out converting rear power supply to each control module from photovoltaic DC bus and electrical network bus.
Because grid-connected photovoltaic system of the present invention adopts the combining inverter of modularized design, by increasing photovoltaic array and increasing corresponding combining inverter module, just can be implemented in line dilatation, and owing to using centralized maximal power tracing control mode, traditional distributing maximal power tracing can be avoided to control the problem of the mutual interference brought, optimum maximal power tracing can be realized and control.Concerning photovoltaic generating system, there is very practical use value, avoid some shortcomings of conventional individual work, all can obtain maximum conversion efficiency in any state, farthest can utilize solar energy, shorten preventive maintenance time, enhance the flexibility of use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the annexation figure of each several part of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the adjustment flow process that in the present invention, MPPT maximum power point tracking controls;
Fig. 3 is the control flow chart realizing high efficiency output in the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention mainly comprises at least one group of photovoltaic array 1, centralized displaying control module 2 and two groups and Inverter Unit more than two 3, each photovoltaic array 1 and each intermodule realize the transmission of electric energy by photovoltaic DC bus 4, the transmission of signal data is realized by communication bus 5, each Inverter Unit 3 exports electric energy to electrical network bus 6, wherein:
This photovoltaic array 1 exports electric energy to photovoltaic DC bus 4, and output signal data obtains control signal data to communication bus 5 and from communication bus 5;
This centralized displaying control module 2 is for concentrated MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control, Energy optimization control, SPI communication and display.Master carries out MPPT control to each photovoltaic array 1, according to the size of photovoltaic array 1 electric energy, control to open or close Inverter Unit 3, thus carry out Energy optimization control, complete the data communication with each Inverter Unit 3 and centralized displaying system operational parameters;
The output electric energy of the photovoltaic array 1 obtained from photovoltaic DC bus 4 is directly changed into alternating current by this Inverter Unit 3, and be input to electrical network bus 6, the size of its power that is connected to the grid is subject to the control of centralized displaying control module 2, and its parameter run and data are delivered to centralized displaying control module 2 by communication bus 5.
Described centralized displaying control module 2 forms primarily of SPI communication module 201, signals collecting control module 202, grid-connected power computation module 203, concentrated MPPT control module 204, Energy optimization control module 205, state control and display module 206 and power supply 207; Wherein:
SPI communication module 201 completes the communication with other Inverter Unit 3 mainly through communication bus 5.This each Inverter Unit 3 is distinguished by address, and data are uploaded to SPI communication module 201 by communication bus 5; The control of this centralized displaying control module 2 to each Inverter Unit 3 is also distinguished by address, and this SPI communication module 201 have employed optocoupler electrical isolation with other control sections, to reduce signal disturbing, has very strong noiseproof feature.
The data that signals collecting control module 202 mainly sends SPI communication module 201 are distinguished, are distributed, from data, decode required various signal and working status parameter, to control for grid-connected power computation module 203 or state and display module 206 uses.
The current signal that signals collecting control module 202 decodes out by grid-connected power computation module 203 carries out accumulation calculating, complete the calculating to the grid-connected gross power of complete machine and each Inverter Unit 3 power, result of calculation is for concentrated MPPT control module 204 or Energy optimization control module 205.
Concentrate MPPT control module 204 to control for the MPPT of complete machine, have employed disturbance observation method and spotting scaming is carried out to the maximum power of at least one group of photovoltaic array 1, thus determine its maximum power working point, make photovoltaic array 1 Maximum Power Output; Its MPPT regulates flow process as shown in Figure 2; First, related data is obtained from signals collecting control module 202 and grid-connected power computation module 203, according to current photovoltaic power and last time photovoltaic power comparative result determine whether by regulating grid-connected power to increase or reducing photovoltaic voltage, thus realize the centralized control of maximum power point.
Energy optimization control module 205 obtains module gross power from grid-connected power computation module 203, power adjustment parameter is obtained from concentrated MPPT control module 204, then according to quantity and the working condition of Inverter Unit 3, each Inverter Unit 3 is controlled, to make the module of each work be in full load condition to greatest extent, and then improve the efficiency of system works.
Control flow as shown in Figure 3.
First, by grid-connected gross power/Inverter Unit single module rated power, obtain Integer N;
Then, each Inverter Unit 3 is controlled, make No. 1-N Inverter Unit 3 be in the state of operating at full capacity, (N+1) number Inverter Unit 3, by MPPT regulable control, will be greater than Inverter Unit 3 Close All of (N+1) number.
When the nominal total power of the Inverter Unit 3 of whole system is much larger than photovoltaic array maximum power, if, the problem that low power conversion efficiency is low will be there is in all Inverter Units all in running order (namely adopting the scheme that module current-sharing exports).By the control flow of above-mentioned maximal efficiency, the present invention can in real time according to the size of grid-connected gross power, make the Inverter Unit 3 of corresponding quantity be in fully loaded operating state, close other unnecessary Inverter Units 3, thus improve the operating efficiency of whole system.In addition, when round numbers N, still remaining part may divide the power of not enough single module rated power, due to will MPPT adjustment be carried out, perform MPPT for avoiding not allowing the module working in full load state regulate thus produce the low problem of low power conversion efficiency, therefore by the Inverter Unit 3 of another block undercapacity work, namely (N+1) number module is by MPPT regulable control, thus the Partial Power realizing the not enough module rated power produced when being regulated by MPPT is connected to the grid.
Along with the change of intensity of illumination and ambient temperature, change is engraved in when the electric energy of photovoltaic cell is, grid-connected photovoltaic system of the present invention have employed MPPT technology, just must have power so at any one time at shock wave, and this is the characteristic that MPPT technology is fixed.Because 1 to N Inverter Unit 3 is all in maximum power state (state of namely operating at full capacity), therefore the Inverter Unit 3 that is not in rated power can only be relied on to regulate to perform MPPT, would not produce like this and carry out MPPT simultaneously and regulate and cause each Inverter Unit 3 power output to be less than the phenomenon of rated power.By the inversion module that MPPT regulates, the inversion module difference of operating at full capacity with other is, the inversion module power output regulated by MPPT is always less than rated power, because grid-connected power is always at shock wave in MPPT adjustment process.After adopting the control method of power output of the present invention, all inversion modules can be avoided simultaneously to be in non-full load operating conditions by disturbance, thus to avoid making complete machine be in low conversion efficiency operating state.Owing to have employed single Inverter Unit separately by MPPT regulation technology, compared with unified MPPT technology, the tracking accuracy of MPPT can be improved again.
State controls and the main real-time working data of taking out each Inverter Unit 3 from signals collecting control module 202 of display module 206 show, and understands working state of system for user.
Power supply 207 is the control power unit of centralized displaying control module 2, and it obtains electric energy and carries out converting rear power supply to each control module from photovoltaic DC bus 2 and electrical network bus 6.
Design focal point of the present invention is: photovoltaic array group and Inverter Unit are not relations one to one, they carry out MPPT centralized control and Energy optimization control by centralized displaying control module, make complete machine (namely all Inverter Units) that one group of photovoltaic arrays can be shared, and the size can following the tracks of photovoltaic electric energy regulates the open and close of Inverter Unit automatically, thus the problem avoiding the current-sharing output of employing module and cause low power conversion efficiency low, make system always work in maximal efficiency state.When user needs to carry out dilatation, can by increasing having come of photovoltaic array group and Inverter Unit.And owing to present invention employs modularization, hot plug design, therefore in maintenance, dilatation etc., there is certain practicality.
Claims (1)
1. one kind can realize the grid-connected photovoltaic system of on-line rapid estimation, it is characterized in that, comprise at least one group of photovoltaic array, a centralized displaying control module and two groups or more Inverter Unit, each photovoltaic array and each intermodule realize the transmission of electric energy by photovoltaic DC bus, the transmission of signal data is realized by communication bus, each Inverter Unit exports electric energy to electrical network bus, wherein:
This photovoltaic array exports electric energy to photovoltaic DC bus, and output signal data obtains control signal data to communication bus and from communication bus;
This centralized displaying control module mainly carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking centralized control to each photovoltaic array, according to the size of photovoltaic array electric energy, control to open or close Inverter Unit, thus carry out Energy optimization control, complete the data communication with each Inverter Unit and centralized displaying system operational parameters;
The output electric energy of the photovoltaic array obtained from photovoltaic DC bus is directly changed into alternating current by this Inverter Unit, and be input to electrical network bus, the size of its power that is connected to the grid is subject to the control of centralized displaying control module, and its parameter run and data are delivered to centralized displaying control module by communication bus;
Wherein said centralized displaying control module is primarily of SPI communication module, signals collecting control module, grid-connected power computation module, concentrated MPPT control module, Energy optimization control module, state control and display module and power supply composition; Wherein:
This SPI communication module completes the communication with other Inverter Unit mainly through communication bus;
The data that this signals collecting control module mainly sends SPI communication module are distinguished, are distributed, and decode required various signal and working status parameter from data, control and display module use for grid-connected power computation module or state;
The current signal that signals collecting control module decodes out by this grid-connected power computation module carries out accumulation calculating, complete the calculating to the grid-connected gross power of complete machine and each Inverter Unit power, result of calculation is for concentrated MPPT control module or Energy optimization control module;
This concentrated MPPT control module controls for the MPPT of complete machine, carries out spotting scaming to the maximum power of at least one group of photovoltaic array, thus determines its maximum power working point, makes photovoltaic array Maximum Power Output;
This Energy optimization control module obtains module gross power from grid-connected power computation module, power adjustment parameter is obtained from concentrated MPPT control module, then according to quantity and the working condition of Inverter Unit, each Inverter Unit is controlled, to make the Inverter Unit of each work must be in full load condition to greatest extent, thus complete machine conversion efficiency is improved;
The real-time working data that the control of this state and display module mainly obtain each Inverter Unit from signals collecting control module show, and understand working state of system for user;
This power supply is the control power unit of centralized displaying control module, and it obtains electric energy and carries out converting rear power supply to each control module from photovoltaic DC bus and electrical network bus.
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| CN102012693B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2012-11-14 | 中海阳新能源电力股份有限公司 | Distributed control system (DCS) of solar power station |
| CN101777775A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-07-14 | 东南大学 | High-frequency isolation single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected system and control method thereof |
| CN101951193A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 薛韬 | Cellular photovoltaic power station |
| CN102496960A (en) * | 2011-12-24 | 2012-06-13 | 朱建国 | Photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and method for reducing working loss of photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
| CN104505856B (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-09-28 | 北京四方继保自动化股份有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power Optimal Control System |
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| CN1271207A (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-25 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Operation method for power supply system with parallel connected invertor and power change-over system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1271207A (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2000-10-25 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Operation method for power supply system with parallel connected invertor and power change-over system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 于元,张志文,王文静,刘波.自主研制的10KW太阳能并网发电系统.21世纪太阳能新技术——2003年中国太阳能学会学术年会论文集.2003,(212003),1-4. * |
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Effective date of registration: 20110412 Address after: 523710, Tangxia City, Guangdong province Dongguan Tian heart Industrial Zone Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Co., Ltd. Applicant after: Guangdong Zhicheng Champoin Group Co., Ltd. Co-applicant after: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Address before: 523710, Tangxia City, Guangdong province Dongguan Tian heart Industrial Zone Guangdong Zhicheng Champion Group Co., Ltd. Applicant before: Guangdong Zhicheng Champoin Group Co., Ltd. |
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