CN101289610A - Phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101289610A CN101289610A CNA2008100447518A CN200810044751A CN101289610A CN 101289610 A CN101289610 A CN 101289610A CN A2008100447518 A CNA2008100447518 A CN A2008100447518A CN 200810044751 A CN200810044751 A CN 200810044751A CN 101289610 A CN101289610 A CN 101289610A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a phase-change material, in particular to a room temperature phase-change energy-storage medium which stores heat energy in a phase change mode and a method for making the same. The room temperature phase-change energy-storage medium consists of 57 to 63 wt. percent of lithium nitrate trihydrate, 19 to 31 wt. percent of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and 12 to 18 percent of potassium nitrate. The making method is as follows: the lithium nitrate trihydrate, the magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and the potassium nitrate are mixed according to proportioning and are heated to 30 to 100 DEG C; then, the mixture is stirred evenly till solid phase is melted into liquid phase; therefore, the mixture can be used as a phase-change energy-storage medium. The energy-storage material has the advantages of stable phase-change temperature spot, consistent phase composition and liquid phase composition during phase change, sensitive phase change along with temperature variation and appropriate phase change point, etc. When ambient temperature is higher than 22 DEG C, the energy-storage material absorbs heat in great quantities from the environment through self melting; when ambient temperature is lower than 18 DEG C, the energy-storage material releases a great quantity of heat to the environment so as to maintain the stability of ambient temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phase change material, specifically relate to a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature and preparation method with phase deformation type heat energy storage.
Background technology
Phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature is a kind of undergoing phase transition in narrow room temperature region and storing or the material of release of heat, its mechanism of action is, when temperature during a little more than room temperature (15 ℃-25 ℃), phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature absorbs a large amount of heats and melts from environment, energy storage is got up, when temperature was lower than the said temperature zone, the phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature that has melted was condensed into solid and discharges a large amount of heats to indoor environment, thereby keeps the constant relatively of room temperature.In temperature difference per day or the very big area of week (per week) temperature difference, phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature has important use and is worth, and it can be used as the absorption agent of sun power in the high temperature period, and gives indoor heating at night or colder period, thereby reaches purpose of energy saving.
The ideal phase-changing energy storage material generally should have relative constant fusing point, and in the time of so just may working as envrionment temperature and be higher or lower than transformation temperature, energy storage material absorbs or releases energy to environment from environment as much as possible.This feature absorbs energy and keeps the constant significant of room temperature for energy storage material from low-grade sun power.Material as phase-change and energy-storage medium can be anhydrous salt, salt water chemical compound and composition thereof, organism etc.Wherein have as the organism of room temperature phase-change energy-storage material dangerous inflammable, shortcoming such as price is more expensive, and thermal conductivity is bad; Anhydrous fused salt is applicable to high-temperature heat-storage; Salt water chemical compound and composition thereof is suitable for storing the heat of low-temperature heat source, and these materials are in sun power and city UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, and many-sides such as the peak load shifting of electrical network have a wide range of applications.
At present, cheap, safe, particularly transformation temperature is actually rare at 15 ℃-25 ℃ phase change material.Transformation temperature is then especially rare at the nonflammable inorganic phase-changing material of above-mentioned scope.The application for a patent for invention " a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature " that the applicant submitted on April 28th, 2007, application number: 200710034840.X, providing a kind of is 30-40wt.% ammonium nitrate by weight percent, the phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature that 60-70wt.% nitrate trihydrate lithium is formed, its mechanism of action is, have an eutectic point of being made up of nitrate trihydrate lithium and anhydrous nitric acid ammonium in ammonium nitrate-lithium nitrate-water ternary system, the eutectic temperature of this point is about 15 ℃.This energy-accumulating medium is packaged in metal or transparent glass (or synthetic glass) container, places the indoor or body of wall of buildings, can be applicable to absorb daytime sun power, evening, release of heat was to heat to the room; Perhaps the energy that absorbs high temperature heat source (greater than 16 ℃) some of one day is stored period, in low temperature period release of heat to heat to the room.The corresponding content of each component composition of this ternary system makes that the material of making has that phase transformation temperature points is stable, toxicity is little, corrodibility is little, solid phase is formed, phase transformation consistent with the liquid phase composition and varied with temperature plurality of advantages such as sensitivity during phase transformation.The application for a patent for invention " a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature and preparation method " that the applicant submitted on February 25th, 2008, application number: 200810030679.3, providing a kind of is 65-71wt.% nitrate trihydrate lithium by weight percent, the phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature that the SODIUMNITRATE of 20.8-32.2wt.% magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and 2.8-8.2wt.% is formed, its mechanism of action is, have a kind of eutectic point of being made up of nitrate trihydrate lithium, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and SODIUMNITRATE in lithium nitrate-magnesium nitrate-SODIUMNITRATE-water quaternary system, the eutectic temperature of this point is about 24 ℃.This energy-accumulating medium is packaged in metal or transparent glass (or synthetic glass) container, places the indoor or body of wall of buildings, be used to regulate room temp, make it remain on a comfortable temperature range.This material has that phase transformation temperature points is stable, phase composite, phase transformation consistent with the liquid phase composition varies with temperature plurality of advantages such as sensitivity during phase transformation.When envrionment temperature was higher than 25 ℃, this energy storage material absorbed heat in a large number by the thawing of self, and when envrionment temperature was lower than 22 ℃, energy storage material solidified and discharges a large amount of heats to environment, thereby kept the stable of envrionment temperature.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of transformation temperature near room temperature, comparatively environmental protection, lower-cost, form the inorganic phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature all different with foregoing invention with melting point, this medium makes after being mixed by a certain percentage by nitrate trihydrate lithium, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and saltpetre, and the eutectic transformation temperature is about 21 ℃.
A kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature of the present invention and preparation method are achieved by following technical proposals: phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature of the present invention is by the nitrate trihydrate lithium of 57-63wt.%, and the magnesium nitrate hexahydrate of 19-31wt.% and the saltpetre of 12-18wt.% are formed.
Described preparation method is: with nitrate trihydrate lithium, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and saltpetre by the proportioning Hybrid Heating to 30-100 ℃, after stirring and keeping for some time, these solid phases are molten into liquid phase, this liquid phase promptly can be used as phase-change and energy-storage medium and uses.Above-mentioned nitrate trihydrate lithium can make by the condensing crystal lithium nitrate solution, and also can be by water and anhydrous nitric acid lithium by 3 ± 0.2: 1 mol ratio mixed makes.Described magnesium nitrate hexahydrate makes by the condensing crystal magnesium nitrate solution, and also can be by water and anhydrous nitric acid magnesium by 6 ± 0.2: 1 mol ratio mixed makes.
Described energy storage material also can be by magnesium nitrate solution, and lithium nitrate solution and potassium nitrate solution allotment form, and the material after the allotment contains lithium nitrate 31.9-35.5wt.%, magnesium nitrate 10.9-18wt.%, saltpetre 12-18wt.%, water 28.5-45.2wt.%.
Its mechanism of action is, has an eutectic point of being made up of nitrate trihydrate lithium, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and saltpetre in lithium nitrate-magnesium nitrate-saltpetre-water quaternary system, and the eutectic temperature of this point is about 21 ℃.
This energy-accumulating medium is packaged in the container of metal or transparent glass (or synthetic glass) and other material manufacturing and places the indoor or body of wall of buildings, can be applicable to absorb daytime sun power, evening, release of heat was to heat to the room; Perhaps the energy that absorbs high temperature heat source (greater than 22 ℃) some of one day is stored period, in low temperature period release of heat to heat to the room.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared with prior art: the inventor has determined each component and the corresponding content of this phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature by experiment, and this material has that phase transformation temperature points is stable, phase composite, phase transformation consistent with the liquid phase composition varies with temperature plurality of advantages such as sensitivity during phase transformation.When envrionment temperature was higher than 22 ℃, this energy storage material absorbed heat in large quantities by the thawing of self from environment, and when envrionment temperature was lower than 18 ℃, energy storage material solidified and discharges a large amount of heats to environment, thereby kept the stable of envrionment temperature.This energy-accumulating medium thermoregulation range (about 20 ℃) is more suitable than existing energy storage material.
Description of drawings
A kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature of the present invention and preparation method have following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 becomes to be grouped into synoptic diagram for energy storage material of the present invention;
Fig. 2 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 5 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 4 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 5 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 6 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 inhales the exothermic temperature graphic representation for energy storage material 7 of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature of the present invention and preparation method's technical scheme are further described.
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 8, a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature of the present invention is the nitrate trihydrate lithium of 57-63wt.% by weight percentage, and the magnesium nitrate hexahydrate of 19-31wt.% and the saltpetre of 12-18wt.% are formed.
Described preparation method is: with the nitrate trihydrate lithium, and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, saltpetre arrives 30-100 ℃ by the proportioning Hybrid Heating; After stirring and keeping for some time, these solid phases are molten into liquid phase, and this liquid phase promptly can be used as phase-change and energy-storage medium and uses.
Described nitrate trihydrate lithium makes by the condensing crystal lithium nitrate solution, or by water and anhydrous nitric acid lithium by 3 ± 0.2: 1 mol ratio mixed makes.
Described magnesium nitrate hexahydrate makes by the condensing crystal magnesium nitrate solution, or by water and anhydrous nitric acid magnesium by 6 ± 0.2: 1 mol ratio mixed makes.
Described preparation method is by magnesium nitrate solution, and lithium nitrate solution and potassium nitrate solution allotment form, and the material after the allotment contains lithium nitrate 31.9-35.5wt.%, magnesium nitrate 10.9-18wt.%, saltpetre 12-18wt.%, water 28.5-45.2wt.%.
Embodiment 1.
57 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 31 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrates and 12 gram saltpetre mix, be heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, be fused into liquid fully to solid, this liquid is formed shown among Fig. 11, and this liquid contains 38.12 gram water of 31.95 gram lithium nitrates, 17.93 gram magnesium nitrates, 12 gram saltpetre.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, this container placed 15 ℃ air ambient, recording medium temperature changes shown in Fig. 2 solid line, as seen, a tangible temperature platform appears about 19 ℃, this is to discharge a large amount of heats because medium solidifies under this temperature to environment, thereby keeps the stable of self temperature.The crystallization behavior of observing medium as seen, in the time of 25 ℃, medium is entirely liquid state, and in the time of 18 ℃, medium almost completely changes into solid-state.
It is 26 ℃ environment that the container that completely crued this energy-accumulating medium will be housed again places room temperature, medium heats up shown in Fig. 2 solid line, as seen, a tangible temperature platform is arranged about 20.5 ℃, this is this medium a large amount of causes that absorb heat from environment, be higher than 21 ℃, medium melts fully, thereby heat-up rate is accelerated.
Pure water with same weight repeats said process, record its temperature lift-down curve shown in Fig. 2 dotted line, but water breakthrough promptly reaches envrionment temperature in very short time, and heat storage capacity is limited.
Compare both as seen, energy-accumulating medium of the present invention can absorb a large amount of heats from the environment that is higher than 21 ℃, and discharge a large amount of heats to being lower than 18 ℃ of environment, thus keep the constant of medium itself and envrionment temperature, its temperature adjusting ability is bigger a lot of times than pure water.
57 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 25 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrates and 18 gram saltpetre mix, be heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, be fused into liquid fully to solid, this liquid is formed shown in 2 among Fig. 1, this liquid contains 31.95 gram lithium nitrates, 14.46 gram magnesium nitrates, 18 gram saltpetre and 35.59 gram water.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, carry out the heating and cooling experiment by embodiment 1 described condition, the result is shown in Fig. 3 solid line.As seen this material also has tangible temperature platform between 19-21 ℃, and it is also very long to hold time.Compare with pure water, this energy-accumulating medium still has good energy-storage property, can be used as the room temperature phase-change energy-storage material equally and uses.
Embodiment 3.
63 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 19 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrates and 18 gram saltpetre mix, be heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, be fused into liquid fully to solid, this liquid is formed shown in 3 among Fig. 1, this liquid contains 35.31 gram lithium nitrates, 10.99 gram magnesium nitrates, 18 gram saltpetre and 35.7 gram water.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, carry out the heating and cooling experiment by embodiment 1 described condition, the result is shown in Fig. 4 solid line.As seen this material also has tangible temperature platform between 19-21 ℃, and it is also very long to hold time.Compare with pure water, this energy-accumulating medium still has good energy-storage property, can be used as the room temperature phase-change energy-storage material equally and uses.
Embodiment 4.
63 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 25 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrates and 12 gram saltpetre mix, be heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, be fused into liquid fully to solid, this liquid is formed shown in 4 among Fig. 1, this liquid contains 35.31 gram lithium nitrates, 14.46 gram magnesium nitrates, 12 gram saltpetre and 38.23 gram water.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, carry out the heating and cooling experiment by embodiment 1 described condition, the result is shown in Fig. 5 solid line.As seen this material also has tangible temperature platform between 19-21 ℃, and it is also very long to hold time.Compare with pure water, this energy-accumulating medium has good energy-storage property, can be used as the room temperature phase-change energy-storage material equally and uses.
Above embodiment is in order to be explained in more detail the present invention, but is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention can implement by the described arbitrary mode of summary of the invention.
Comparative Examples 1.
52.5 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 39 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrates and 8.5 gram saltpetre mix, be heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, find that solid is fused into liquid fully, this liquid is formed shown in 5 among Fig. 1, this liquid contains 29.43 gram lithium nitrates, 22.56 gram magnesium nitrates, 8.5 gram saltpetre and 39.51 gram water.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, carry out the heating and cooling experiment by embodiment 1 described condition, the result is shown in Fig. 6 solid line.Observe and find,, still have the part solid not melt in this liquid even if be warming up to 26 ℃.Though the material of this proportioning all has tangible temperature platform in intensification and cooling period, but platform is held time too short, and some solid do not dissolve in the period of heating up always, and is little to constant room temperature contribution, thereby the energy storage material that this proportioning material is not suitable as constant room temperature uses.
Comparative Examples 2.
58.4 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 9.4 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and 32.2 gram saltpetre mix, be heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, discovery still has the part solid not to be fused into liquid, this liquid is formed shown in 6 among Fig. 1, this liquid contains 32.73 gram lithium nitrates, 5.44 gram magnesium nitrates, 32.2 gram saltpetre and 29.63 gram water.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, carry out the heating and cooling experiment by embodiment 1 described condition, the result is shown in Fig. 7 solid line.As seen this material has an extremely short platform in temperature-fall period, and in temperature-rise period no tangible platform, because some solid does not dissolve in whole intensification and cooling period always, thereby it is minimum to constant room temperature contribution, therefore, this proportioning material is not suitable for use in the energy storage material use of constant room temperature.
Comparative Examples 3.
82.7 gram nitrate trihydrate lithiums, 10.8 gram magnesium nitrate hexahydrates and 6.5 gram saltpetre mix, and are heated to 26-35 ℃ and keep for some time, this mixture is formed shown in 7 among Fig. 1, this mixture contains 46.35 gram lithium nitrates, 6.25 gram magnesium nitrates, 6.5 gram saltpetre and 40.9 gram water.Adorn this liquid in encloses container, carry out the heating and cooling experiment by embodiment 1 described condition, the result is shown in Fig. 8 solid line.As seen this material does not all have tangible platform in intensification and temperature-fall period, thereby can not use as the energy storage material of constant room temperature.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature is characterized in that: described energy-accumulating medium is the nitrate trihydrate lithium of 57-63wt.% by weight percentage, and the magnesium nitrate hexahydrate of 19-31wt.% and the saltpetre of 12-18wt.% are formed.
2, a kind of preparation method of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the steps: the nitrate trihydrate lithium, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, and saltpetre arrives 30-100 ℃ by the proportioning Hybrid Heating; After stirring and keeping for some time, these solid phases are molten into liquid phase, and this liquid phase promptly can be used as phase-change and energy-storage medium and uses.
3, the preparation method of a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described nitrate trihydrate lithium makes by the condensing crystal lithium nitrate solution, or by water and anhydrous nitric acid lithium by 3 ± 0.2: 1 mol ratio mixed makes.
4, the preparation method of a kind of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described magnesium nitrate hexahydrate makes by the condensing crystal magnesium nitrate solution, or by water and anhydrous nitric acid magnesium by 6 ± 0.2: 1 mol ratio mixed makes.
5, a kind of preparation method of phase-change and energy-storage medium at room temperature, it is characterized in that: described preparation method is by magnesium nitrate solution, lithium nitrate solution and potassium nitrate solution allotment form, material after the allotment contains lithium nitrate 31.9-35.5wt.%, magnesium nitrate 10.9-18wt.%, saltpetre 12-18wt.%, water 28.5-45.2wt.%.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103881661A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-06-25 | 中南大学 | Phase-change energy storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105607669A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Aqueous solution dispersion system temperature control system based on ammonium nitrate precipitation |
| CN113980652A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-28 | 北京科技大学 | Consistent-melting composite phase-change material and preparation method thereof |
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2008
- 2008-06-14 CN CN200810044751A patent/CN100580048C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103881661A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-06-25 | 中南大学 | Phase-change energy storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN103881661B (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2017-04-26 | 中南大学 | Phase-change energy storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN105607669A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Aqueous solution dispersion system temperature control system based on ammonium nitrate precipitation |
| CN113980652A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-28 | 北京科技大学 | Consistent-melting composite phase-change material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100580048C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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