CN101286939A - Short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength routing optical network - Google Patents

Short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength routing optical network Download PDF

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CN101286939A
CN101286939A CNA2008101059098A CN200810105909A CN101286939A CN 101286939 A CN101286939 A CN 101286939A CN A2008101059098 A CNA2008101059098 A CN A2008101059098A CN 200810105909 A CN200810105909 A CN 200810105909A CN 101286939 A CN101286939 A CN 101286939A
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demolishing
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light path
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CN101286939B (en
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华楠
郑小平
张汉一
周炳琨
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for delaying the removal of short optical paths in a wavelength routing optical network and pertains to the technical field of dynamic optimization of an optical communication network, which is characterized in that: the method provided by the invention can set a 'removal delay time' for optical paths with comparatively low physical hops in the network; when the optical paths need to be removed, a network control plane does not carry out the operation at once, but determines whether to remove the optical paths according to the situation of service bearing of the optical paths at that time after the 'removal delay time'. Short optical paths in the network are reserved as far as possible by the method, thereby realizing a comparatively stable and globally optimized virtual topology structure so as to reduce the blocking probability of the whole network. Meanwhile, the introduction of the 'removal delay' can improve the average survival time of the optical paths in the network and reduce the frequency of optical path establishment and removal, and therefore the method can reduce signaling flow of the network control plane.

Description

The short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network
Technical field
The present invention describes a kind of network optimized approach that reduces road construction blocking rate and control plane signaling traffic in wavelength route optical network simultaneously, belongs to technical field of optical network communication.This method is specially adapted to the ASON based on dynamic distributed wavelength route.
Background technology
Present existing optical-fiber network optimization method mainly can be classified as static optimization method and dynamic optimization method two big classes.Static optimization method can be under the situation that the Network of optical-fiber network topological sum is determined, utilizes mathematical method such as linear programming to obtain the Resource Allocation in Networks scheme and the professional routing plan of global optimization, thus the maximization network throughput.Yet along with the innovation of optical-fiber network technology and the continuous appearance of novel business, the static light network can not satisfy people's demand gradually, and dynamic optical network arises at the historic moment.Because the business of dynamic optical network is set up and dismounting is dynamic, the load of its each node can show stronger time-varying characteristics.Fig. 1 describes this time-varying characteristics of dynamic optical network.Under this dynamic optical network environment, traditional static optimization method can't constantly be changed prioritization scheme according to the network available resources that change, so its optimization effect is unsatisfactory.
Dynamic optimization method designs at the dynamic optical network environment, and it can be when each Network arrives, and adopting particular way according to actual at that time Internet resources distribution situation is its real-time calculation optimization route by calculating and Wavelength assignment algorithm.Because route is calculated and to be based upon in real time and accurately on the network available resources, this dynamic optimization method can make full use of optical network resource, reduces network blocking probability.For some business itself, the network optimized approach by this " doing one's best " can find one " optimum route " really.Yet this " optimum " seen in the angle of the whole network, just a kind of " local optimum ".And realize that this " local optimum " will be cost to sacrifice " global optimum " usually, this has limited the optimization space of dynamic optimization method greatly.
As seen, if in dynamic optimization method, introduce the element of " global optimization " in the static optimization method, just can both keep the adaptability of dynamic optimization strategy, make it overcome the problem of " local optimum " in the existing dynamic optimization method again, make it have the characteristic of global optimization dynamic optical network.So, will there be the space that further promotes in the overall performance of optical-fiber network.
Summary of the invention
For " global optimization " introduced dynamic optical network optimization, the present invention proposes the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network, it can reduce the signaling traffic of optical network control plane when reducing network road construction blocking rate.
This method is for the less short light path of physics jumping figure, when its not during bearer service not immediately with its dismounting, but for it is provided with one " delayed demolishing time ", waiting for after this " delayed demolishing time ", according to these light paths at that time the situation of bearer service judge whether its dismounting.By this method, the short light path in the optical-fiber network can access the reservation of long period, thereby in the virtual topology structure that realizes being independent of the relatively stable and global optimization on the bottom optical-fiber network topology under the dynamic optical network environment.Simultaneously, from the angle of statistics, the major part of this virtual topology is made of short light path, is the virtual topology of a global optimization therefore.In addition, the introducing of " delayed demolishing " can improve the mean survival time of light path in the optical-fiber network, reduce the frequency that it is set up, removes, therefore this method can also reduce the signaling traffic of optical network control plane and the frequency of optical switch action, for the overall performance that improves optical-fiber network significant effect is arranged.The present invention just is based on this thought proposition.
The invention is characterized in:
This method is to realize successively according to the following steps on the control plane server of ASON:
Step (1): initialization: in described server, be preset with:
The agreement flow process of Open Shortest Path First OSPF, optical network link slip condition database Optical LSDB, and the virtual topology LSD Virtual LSDB that forms by all light paths in the optical-fiber network;
RSVP is convenient to optical network node and can be obtained all professional routing iinformations and light path information in the optical-fiber network in real time, and finishes the foundation dismounting flow process of Network and light path;
Step (2): described server draws the Dijkstra shortest path by algorithm computation optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table to optical network link slip condition database described in the step (1) and virtual topology LSD with the Otto Dix spy respectively;
Step (3): when a new Network arrives, according to the minimum hop count dynamic routing method, be this service inquiry shortest path in described virtual topology routing table by, and when successful inquiring, carry out dynamic road construction;
Step (4): when the inquiry of virtual topology routing table described in the step (3) routing failure, inquire about described optical-fiber network routing table, if find route, then set up new light path, upgrade the optical network link slip condition database, and add the information of this light path to described virtual topology LSD, calculate according to method described in the step (2) afterwards and upgrade optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table; Otherwise, then be considered as blocking output road construction failure information;
Step (5): when the Network described in the step (3) is removed, the bandwidth occupancy situation of its related each bar light path after this business is removed added up, if bandwidth occupancy is not 0, then do not carry out the light path dismantling operation, only upgrade the virtual topology LSD, and calculate and renewal virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (6): the bandwidth occupancy in light path described in the step (5) is 0 o'clock, takes following different operating according to its physics jumping figure:
Step (6.A): if described light path physics jumping figure is greater than the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of setting Th, then it is removed immediately, upgrade optical network link slip condition database and virtual topology LSD simultaneously, and calculate and renewal optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (6.B): if described light path physics jumping figure is less than or equal to the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of setting ThThen it is not removed immediately, but it is deposited in " the circuit-switched data storehouse is torn in delay open ", again it is handled behind the optical path delayed demolishing time τ that wait is set, upgrade the virtual topology LSD simultaneously, and calculate and renewal virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (7): be less than or equal to H for physics jumping figure in " the circuit-switched data storehouse is torn in delay open " described in the step (6.B) ThLight path, behind stand-by period τ, take following different operating according to its bandwidth occupancy situation at that time:
Step (7.A): if the bandwidth occupancy of described light path is 0, then it is removed immediately, upgrade optical network link slip condition database and virtual topology LSD simultaneously, and calculate and renewal optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (7.B):, then do not carry out the light path dismantling operation if the bandwidth occupancy of described light path is not 0.
Step (1) afterwards and step (2) before, can adopt the static network optimization method to calculate the virtual topology structure of global optimization under the static network environment, as the initial value of virtual topology LSD.
For the business load intensity of setting, set optical path delayed demolishing time τ for just infinite, with the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path ThIncrease gradually from 1, each recruitment is 1, stops the H of this moment when the flex point of decline appears in the network blocking probability that is write down ThBe the jumping figure threshold value of optimal delay dismounting light path under this business load intensity.
Starting from scratch constantly increases business load intensity according to the step-length of setting, and for each business load intensity, sets optical path delayed demolishing time τ for just infinite, with the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path ThIncrease gradually from 1, each recruitment is 1, stops the H of this moment when the flex point of decline appears in the network blocking probability that is write down ThBe the jumping figure threshold value of optimal delay dismounting light path under this business load intensity, stop to increase business load intensity during the blocking rate higher limit that when the network blocking probability that is write down exceeds optical-fiber network at regular traffic load section operation, sets, promptly obtained between the regular traffic load region this moment in optimal delay remove the curve of the jumping figure threshold value of light path with the business load Strength Changes.
Jumping figure threshold value H for the delayed demolishing light path of business load intensity of setting and setting Th, optical path delayed demolishing time τ is increased gradually from 0, each recruitment is professional average service time μ -1, when appearring in the network blocking probability that is write down, the flex point of decline stops, and the τ of this moment is the jumping figure threshold value H of this business load intensity and delayed demolishing light path ThUnder the optimum optical path delayed demolishing time.
Jumping figure threshold value H for the delayed demolishing light path of setting Th, starting from scratch constantly increases business load intensity according to the step-length of setting, and for each business load intensity, optical path delayed demolishing time τ is increased gradually from 0, and each recruitment is professional average service time μ -1, when appearring in the network blocking probability that is write down, the flex point of decline stops, and the τ of this moment is the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of this business load intensity and setting ThUnder the optimum optical path delayed demolishing time, stop to increase business load intensity during the blocking rate higher limit that when the network blocking probability that is write down exceeds optical-fiber network at regular traffic load section operation, sets, this moment the jumping figure threshold value H that promptly obtained in the delayed demolishing light path ThThe optimum optical path delayed demolishing time is with the curve of business load Strength Changes between following regular traffic load region.
The concrete workflow of the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.
Blocking rate simulation result (Fig. 3) shows that after adopting short optical path delayed demolishing method, the network blocking probability index has obtained very big improvement.We see from figure, (network blocking probability is less than 20% between the regular traffic load region of optical-fiber network, panel load is less than 12Erlang), short optical path delayed demolishing method is compared existing moving/static light network optimized approach all can reduce network blocking probability significantly, wherein (H when the jumping figure threshold value is 2 Th=2), the optimization best results of this method.For light-loaded network (panel load is less than 6Erlang), the network blocking probability of short optical path delayed demolishing method significantly is reduced to existing below 10% of optical-fiber network optimization method especially.
Simultaneously, light path life span simulation result (Fig. 4) shows that after adopting short optical path delayed demolishing method, the mean survival time of light path is greatly improved in the optical-fiber network.We see from figure, during the upper limit between the regular traffic load region of optical-fiber network (panel load is 12Erlang), and short optical path delayed demolishing method (H Th=2) the average light path life span of comparing existing dynamic optical network optimization method has improved 300%.For light-loaded network (panel load is less than 6Erlang), this life span has improved more than 1000%.As seen, short optical path delayed demolishing method can reduce the operating frequency of optical switch in the optical-fiber network greatly, and the signaling traffic of optical network control plane.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: optical-fiber network real time business intensity of load change curve.
Fig. 2: short optical path delayed demolishing method workflow diagram.
Fig. 3: network blocking probability characteristic comparison diagram.
Fig. 4: the average light path life span of optical-fiber network comparison diagram.
Fig. 1 explanation: this is a time dependent curve of circuit switching optical-fiber network real time business intensity of load. Wherein, network Topology adopts the EON topological model of 19 nodes, and the Poisson model is adopted in Network. The artificial service number is 5000, resistance Filling in professional number is 122, and the artificial service intensity of load is 6.5Erlang, service rate μ=0.1 second-1
Fig. 2 explanation: this is the optical network node routing module workflow diagram that adopts short optical path delayed demolishing method.
Fig. 3 explanation: this is to adopt short optical path delayed demolishing method and adopt the network congestion that has moving/static light network optimized approach now The rate comparison diagram. Wherein, Network arrives and follows the Poisson process, and mean allocation is on each node. During business service Between follow negative exponent and distribute average service time μ-1It is 2 seconds. Legend is as follows:
--existing dynamic light path is removed strategy
-zero-optical path delayed demolishing strategy (Hth=1)
-△-optical path delayed demolishing strategy (Hth=2)
Figure A20081010590900081
Optical path delayed demolishing strategy (Hth=3)
-◇-static light path Establishment strategy
Fig. 4 explanation: this is to adopt short optical path delayed demolishing method and adopt the optical-fiber network of existing dynamic optical network optimization method average Light path life span comparison diagram. Wherein, Network parameter is identical with Fig. 3. Legend is as follows:
--existing dynamic light path is removed strategy
-zero-optical path delayed demolishing strategy (Hth=1)
-△-optical path delayed demolishing strategy (Hth=2)
Figure A20081010590900082
Optical path delayed demolishing strategy (Hth=3)
Embodiment
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network proposed by the invention below is described by concrete network example, comprise the jumping figure threshold value (H of delayed demolishing light path Th) be provided with, the setting of optical path delayed demolishing time (τ), and tear parts such as road processing of request open to normally tearing road request and delay open.In this network example, we adopt the node number is the NSFNET network topology model of N=14, and the light wave long number is set at 8; The bandwidth of setting each wavelength is 4, and each professional bandwidth is 1; Network arrives and follows the Poisson process, and mean allocation is on each node; The business service time follows negative exponent and distributes average service time μ -1It is 2 seconds.
1, the jumping figure threshold value (H of delayed demolishing light path Th) be provided with:
Being provided with of the jumping figure threshold value of delayed demolishing light path will directly have influence on the optimization effect of short optical path delayed demolishing method to optical-fiber network.If this threshold value is excessive, described method can tend to static light path and set up strategy; If this threshold value is too small, described method can tend to existing dynamic optical network optimization method.Therefore, when considering whole optical-fiber network performance, the H of an optimum of objective reality ThValue, this optimal value can change along with the variation of node traffic intensity of load.In actual mechanical process, can obtain the concrete numerical value that this optimal threshold changes with intensity of load by following steps:
Steps A: for the business load intensity of setting, with H ThValue increases gradually from 1, and each recruitment is 1.
Step B: work as H ThWhen value whenever is increased to a numerical value, observe the variation of overall network blocking rate,, write down its numerical value up to its fluctuation range 1% o'clock less than its value.Continue to increase H afterwards ThValue, and the operation of repeating step B reaches N-1 up to this value, or the blocking rate that is write down stops when minimum occurring.
Step C: find out the minimum of the network blocking probability that is write down, its pairing H ThThe optimal delay that value is under this business load intensity is removed light path jumping figure threshold value.
Step D: increase business load by the step-length of setting, the operation of repeating step A-C, the upper limit of this index when the network blocking probability index surpasses optical-fiber network at regular traffic load section operation, under normal conditions, this upper limit can be made as 20%; So far, we have just obtained optimal delay and have removed the concrete numerical value that light path jumping figure threshold value changes with intensity of load.
Can find out that from Fig. 3 in this network example, the optimal delay under between the regular traffic load region is removed light path jumping figure threshold value and is 2 (H Th=2).
2, the setting of optical path delayed demolishing time (τ)
Setting and the optimum H of optimum optical path delayed demolishing time ThBeing provided with of value is similar.In actual mechanical process, can obtain the concrete numerical value that this value changes with intensity of load by following steps:
Steps A: for the business load intensity of setting, the τ value is increased gradually from 0, each recruitment is professional average service time μ -1
Step B: when the τ value whenever is increased to a numerical value, observe the variation of overall network blocking rate,, write down its numerical value up to its fluctuation range 1% o'clock less than its value.Continue to increase τ value afterwards, and the operation of repeating step B, less than 1%, or it stops when minimum occurring up to the difference of the more preceding record value of blocking rate that writes down.
Step C: find out the minimum of the network blocking probability that is write down, its pairing τ value is the optimum optical path delayed demolishing time under this business load intensity.
Step D: increase business load by the step-length of setting, the operation of repeating step A-C, the upper limit of this index when the network blocking probability index surpasses optical-fiber network at regular traffic load section operation, under normal conditions, this upper limit can be made as 20%; So far, we have just obtained the concrete numerical value that the optimum optical path delayed demolishing time changes with intensity of load.
3, normally tear road request and delay open and tear the road processing of request open:
In this network example, we set the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path Th=2.Simultaneously, we also set the optical path delayed demolishing time is 5 times professional average service time, i.e. τ=10 second.
(T=t at a time 0), Network α is about to be removed.It has taken A, B, four light paths of C, D, and we take different modes that these four light paths are carried out dismantling operation according to the workflow (Fig. 3) of described short optical path delayed demolishing method.Wherein, the physics jumping figure of A, B light path is 2, and the physics jumping figure of C light path is 1, and the physics jumping figure of D light path is 3.Before Network α was removed, the occupied bandwidth of A light path was 2, and the occupied bandwidth of B, C, D light path is 1.
(1) normally tear the road request open:
Light path A: after Network α removed, the occupied bandwidth of this light path became 1.Because this bandwidth value is not 0, according to workflow, it is not carried out dismantling operation.
Light path B, C: after Network α removed, the occupied bandwidth of these two light paths became 0, prepared it is carried out dismantling operation.Yet, because its physics jumping figure all is not more than the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path Th, according to workflow, it is not removed immediately, but they are deposited in " the circuit-switched data storehouse is torn in delay open ", again it is handled after waiting for τ=10 second.
Light path D: after Network α removed, the occupied bandwidth of this light path became 0, prepared it is carried out dismantling operation.Because its physics jumping figure has surpassed the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path Th,, it is removed immediately according to workflow.
(2) postpone to tear open the road request:
Postpone to tear open road requested operation object and be the light path in " the circuit-switched data storehouse is torn in delay open ".T=t in this network example 0+ 10 seconds the moment exists two delays to tear the road request open, respectively respective optical path B and light path C.At this moment, learn that by inquiry the occupied bandwidth of light path C is 0 still, it is removed according to workflow.And light path B is shared by other business, according to workflow, it is not carried out dismantling operation.
The short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network of the present invention, be not limited only to listed utilization in specification and the execution mode, it can be used to various suitable the present invention's field fully, and those skilled in the art can easily realize additional advantages of the present invention and it is made amendment.Therefore under the situation of the spirit and scope of the universal that does not deviate from claim and equivalency range and limited, the examples shown that the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and describe.

Claims (6)

1, the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network is characterized in that, this method is to realize successively according to the following steps on the control plane server of ASON:
Step (1): initialization: in described server, be preset with:
The agreement flow process of Open Shortest Path First OSPF, optical network link slip condition database Optical LSDB, and the virtual topology LSD Virtual LSDB that forms by all light paths in the optical-fiber network;
RSVP is convenient to optical network node and can be obtained all professional routing iinformations and light path information in the optical-fiber network in real time, and finishes the foundation dismounting flow process of Network and light path;
Step (2): described server draws the Dijkstra shortest path by algorithm computation optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table to optical network link slip condition database described in the step (1) and virtual topology LSD with the Otto Dix spy respectively;
Step (3): when a new Network arrives, according to dynamic routing method, be this service inquiry shortest path in described virtual topology routing table by, and when successful inquiring, carry out dynamic road construction;
Step (4): when the inquiry of virtual topology routing table described in the step (3) routing failure, inquire about described optical-fiber network routing table, if find route, then set up new light path, upgrade the optical network link slip condition database, and add the information of this light path to described virtual topology LSD, calculate according to method described in the step (2) afterwards and upgrade optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table; Otherwise, then be considered as blocking output road construction failure information;
Step (5): when the Network described in the step (3) is removed, the bandwidth occupancy situation of its related each bar light path after this business is removed added up, if bandwidth occupancy is not 0, then do not carry out the light path dismantling operation, only upgrade the virtual topology LSD, and calculate and renewal virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (6): the bandwidth occupancy in light path described in the step (5) is 0 o'clock, takes following different operating according to its physics jumping figure:
Step (6.A): if described light path physics jumping figure is greater than the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of setting Th, then it is removed immediately, upgrade optical network link slip condition database and virtual topology LSD simultaneously, and calculate and renewal optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (6.B): if described light path physics jumping figure is less than or equal to the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of setting ThThen it is not removed immediately, but it is deposited in " the circuit-switched data storehouse is torn in delay open ", again it is handled behind the optical path delayed demolishing time τ that wait is set, upgrade the virtual topology LSD simultaneously, and calculate and renewal virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (7): be less than or equal to H for physics jumping figure in " the circuit-switched data storehouse is torn in delay open " described in the step (6.B) ThLight path, behind stand-by period τ, take following different operating according to its bandwidth occupancy situation at that time:
Step (7.A): if the bandwidth occupancy of described light path is 0, then it is removed immediately, upgrade optical network link slip condition database and virtual topology LSD simultaneously, and calculate and renewal optical-fiber network routing table and virtual topology routing table according to method described in the step (2);
Step (7.B):, then do not carry out the light path dismantling operation if the bandwidth occupancy of described light path is not 0.
2, the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (1) afterwards and step (2) before, can adopt the static network optimization method to calculate the virtual topology structure of global optimization under the static network environment, as the initial value of virtual topology LSD.
3, the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, for the business load intensity of setting, sets optical path delayed demolishing time τ for just infinite, with the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path ThIncrease gradually from 1, each recruitment is 1, stops the H of this moment when the flex point of decline appears in the network blocking probability that is write down ThBe the jumping figure threshold value of optimal delay dismounting light path under this business load intensity.
4, the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, starting from scratch constantly increases business load intensity according to the step-length of setting, for each business load intensity, set optical path delayed demolishing time τ for just infinite, with the jumping figure threshold value H of delayed demolishing light path ThIncrease gradually from 1, each recruitment is 1, stops the H of this moment when the flex point of decline appears in the network blocking probability that is write down ThBe the jumping figure threshold value of optimal delay dismounting light path under this business load intensity, stop to increase business load intensity during the blocking rate higher limit that when the network blocking probability that is write down exceeds optical-fiber network at regular traffic load section operation, sets, promptly obtained between the regular traffic load region this moment in optimal delay remove the curve of the jumping figure threshold value of light path with the business load Strength Changes.
5, the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, for the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of business load intensity of setting and setting Th, optical path delayed demolishing time τ is increased gradually from 0, each recruitment is professional average service time μ -1, when appearring in the network blocking probability that is write down, the flex point of decline stops, and the τ of this moment is the jumping figure threshold value H of this business load intensity and delayed demolishing light path ThUnder the optimum optical path delayed demolishing time.
6, the short optical path delayed demolishing method of wavelength route optical network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, for the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of setting Th, starting from scratch constantly increases business load intensity according to the step-length of setting, and for each business load intensity, optical path delayed demolishing time τ is increased gradually from 0, and each recruitment is professional average service time μ -1, when appearring in the network blocking probability that is write down, the flex point of decline stops, and the τ of this moment is the jumping figure threshold value H of the delayed demolishing light path of this business load intensity and setting ThUnder the optimum optical path delayed demolishing time, stop to increase business load intensity during the blocking rate higher limit that when the network blocking probability that is write down exceeds optical-fiber network at regular traffic load section operation, sets, this moment the jumping figure threshold value H that promptly obtained in the delayed demolishing light path ThThe optimum optical path delayed demolishing time is with the curve of business load Strength Changes between following regular traffic load region.
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CN103297343A (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-09-11 华中科技大学 Routing method based on delay tolerant network

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CN103297343A (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-09-11 华中科技大学 Routing method based on delay tolerant network
CN103297343B (en) * 2013-05-17 2017-04-26 华中科技大学 Routing method based on delay tolerant network

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