CN101286629A - A device for covering surface of melting wires, poles and insulators in transmission line with ice - Google Patents
A device for covering surface of melting wires, poles and insulators in transmission line with ice Download PDFInfo
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- CN101286629A CN101286629A CNA2008100262761A CN200810026276A CN101286629A CN 101286629 A CN101286629 A CN 101286629A CN A2008100262761 A CNA2008100262761 A CN A2008100262761A CN 200810026276 A CN200810026276 A CN 200810026276A CN 101286629 A CN101286629 A CN 101286629A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for thawing the surface ice coating of a line, a tower and an insulator with load for an overhead transmission line, which can thaw ice on the line without stopping supplying electricity and is characterized in that a current transformer is adopted and electric power used for thawing the surface ice coating of line with load is obtained from the overhead transmission line with load; according to concrete line conditions, the parameters of current, time and space position of thawing is set span by span (the distance between two towers that set up the transmission line). The device has the beneficial effects of ice thawing operation without stopping transmission and, equipment needed with light weight, low price and small power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of device that overhead transmission line (lead and lightning conducter) bringing onto load (power, transmit electric power, online) is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing that relates to, especially a kind ofly melt supply line, shaft tower, insulator surface ice sheet, coagulate ice, hang ice, icing, icing deicing device, needn't stop power supply just can online ice-melt.
Background technology
During in January, 2008 to February, large-scale snow disaster, sleet disaster have taken place in southern china, cause extensively regional high-power supply line serious because of circuit surface icing, the shaft tower that overhead transmission line is broken, supported in a large amount of built on stilts supply lines (is commonly called as the basis in the power supply specialty, column foot, base, iron tower) (tower) in a large number collapses.
The high and cold while is again that extra high voltage network surface, high humility area icing is worldwide scabrous exercise question, present difficulty is that overhead transmission line is very long, many circuits will be crossed over high mountain and the freezing area that human footmarks seldom arrive, and stopping transmission of electricity and relying on artificial deicing is unrealistic ground.
Improve power transmission and transforming equipment and circuit and bear ice covering thickness, just require the expense of capital construction sharply to rise to unacceptable degree with the cubic relationship proportional relationship, and, the circuit surface ice covering thickness of China's generation in 2008, generally reach 50 millimeters to 60 millimeters, individual line surface ice covering thickness reaches 100 millimeters.Online friend's " I am not the martian " equals to write articles at network " ends of the earth community " on February 3rd, 2008, and the electric wire about diameter 5cm is described, the ice loop diameter 50cm of its outer knot even exaggeration more.The domestic and international current available typing tower that also do not have designs exactly, and the astronomical figure that cost increases is that developed country is all unacceptable.
There is employing to boost the back in double bundle conductor formation low tension loop at present, produces the electric current that increases, by increasing the automatic icing that melts of lead heating by autotransformer.This is not suitable for the high-power transmission line of superhigh pressure, because the autotransformer cost height of voltage levels is bulky, when consuming a large amount of insulating material, the also corresponding consumption that has increased copper conductor and silicon steel sheet has reduced the copper conductor of core window and has filled ratio; The transformer that the ice-melt energy produces can not suspend with the earth, and the electric pressure height is limited to power supply safety and reliability; Can not be used for the sub-thread circuit, equipment needed thereby is huge too; Online friend " xiaohuaslh " in " ends of the earth community ", " foolish nine " etc. write articles, long resistive component (that just can generate heat is that part of) apart from the high-power transmission line of superhigh pressure is no more than perceptual weight (induction reactance, do not generate heat) 1/3, and the D.C. resistance of 500kV transmission line of alternation current has only about 10～9.6 of AC impedance, differ an order of magnitude, the transformer capacity overwhelming majority is of no use in ice-melt.Because equipment needed thereby electric pressure height, converter investment costliness, complex structure and use difficulty are suitable for the low-voltage and medium voltage occasion, so this technology is all used seldom on 220kV at present, 500kV has just said nothing of.Can address this problem with direct current heating ice-melt, but the switching of DC power supply or be superimposed upon on the alternating current all be quite trouble so that equipment is huge, complicated and do not have a realistic meaning.
So usual way is to adopt the transmission of electricity that stops this circuit, to this circuit heating deicing, be also referred to as the short circuit ice-melt with low pressure, big electric current.Because electric power system is to be interconnected into network mutually, the electric power system scale is big more, and the problem of safety and stability is complicated more; A long-term national security research topic of Chinese Academy of Sciences's mathematics and system research institute is exactly the stability analysis of electric power system; Before the stopping power supply of local power circuit carried out the ice-melt operation, to consider through the overall complicated of dispatching of power netwoks control personnel, electric energy with this supply line's conveying, temporarily bear by other supply lines, transprovincially Qu power supply department can not all stop all circuits again and carry out ice-melt simultaneously, the line short ice-melt is very big to the normal operational mode influence of electrical network, sometimes even also need the user is rationed the power supply so that have a power failure, under the electric network composition of present this fragility, it is very big that part line short ice-melting mode is adjusted difficulty.Spring in 2008 southern china freezingly come soon, the time is long, area is wide, a large amount of circuits freeze simultaneously, cause the part circuit seriously to break, fall tower because of icing.
The result causes that the electric locomotive in big zone has interrupted the power supply supply, and the signal transmission of railway dispatching system, control system, dispatching patcher, electronic switch fork drive system quit work, and diesel locomotive also can't move, and causes the southern railway system to paralyse on a large scale.
Length hundreds of kilometer is so that several thousand kilometers superhigh pressure supply lines, and way far away is geographical, weather conditions are irregular differs, and as the saying goes that a mountain has the four seasons, ten li not on the same day.Some places freeze many, and some places are few, some places even not icing.All use same ice melting current, its corollary is that the mechanical strength of burning lead or irreversibly reducing circuit is transshipped in the place that originally not have to freeze.
The comprehensive technical indexes of super high voltage direct current electricity transmission is higher than the industrial frequency AC transmission of electricity, because high to requiring for converting equipment, through the progressively development of decades, does not also adopt comprehensively.No matter be in the industrial frequency AC online stack direct current ice-melt of transmitting electricity, still stop to carry AC energy, use the direct current ice-melt; Perhaps fully on the direct current supply line, increase the direct current ice-melt, on the convertor equipment in the isolation of ac and dc current, at alternating current-direct current, on the compatibility of alternating current-direct current power transmission and transforming equipment, in the operation of isolating, switching and regulating, keeping on the three-phase current balance, all far away than complicated and difficult with the alternating current ice-melt, cost is quite high, difficult design.
Electric current for extra high voltage network short circuit ice-melt generally is 3000 amperes to 7200 amperes, 20 kilovolts to 40 kilovolts of voltages, and its power also is huge; In order to overcome the inductance deal of very long circuit, carry out short circuit ice-melt operation for part selectively, the dislocation generation car is all arranged both at home and abroad at present, because power demand is still big, its equipment is huge, can't enter the execute-in-place that the mountain area does not have good road.
More than many contents come from online friend's speech, be linked in;
http://club.cat898.com/newbbs/dispbbs.asp？boardid＝1&star＝20&replyid＝23834684&id＝2054410&skin＝0&page＝1，
http://club.cat898.com/newbbs/dispbbs.asp？boardid＝1&star＝41&replyid＝24136000&id＝2053096&skin＝0&page＝1，
And http://cache.tianya.cn/publicforum/content/free/1/1119023.shtml or the like.In this process arrangement, editor, modification and increase content.
On February 8th, 2008, on February 9th, 2008, " Yangcheng Evening News " reporter Li Xiaoli reported, this disaster-stricken infringement circuit of Guangdong Power Grid breaks the transmission pressure that falls and shaft tower nearly all in remote mountain area, what icing was the most serious also is in the mountain area, the icing of 60～80 millimeters thick has appearred in the Guizhou province transmission line, that have even thickly reaches 120 millimeters.When the ambient temperature rising, the thawing on the power network line is inhomogeneous, will cause lead to occur waving significantly.Alive circuit causes in the process of waving easily to ground or object discharge on every side, is equivalent to be short-circuited cause tripping operation.Occurring under the situation of strong wind, " resonance " effect that the circuit waved produces is enough to forget about it tens tons the steel shaft tower of weighing, and power transmission and transforming equipment is caused destruction for the second time.
On February 5th, 2008, Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Premier Wen Jiabao go to Guizhou to instruct the work of fighting disasters and ensuring adequate disaster relief.Wen Jiabao is stepping on ice and snow and is climbing up precipitous kwan-yin mountain, the south of Guizhou Province, visits the power worker of nervous repairing transmission line.Premier Wen Jiabao in January, 2008 to February, repeated multiple times is inspected and is instructed the work of fighting disasters and ensuring adequate disaster relief to a plurality of southern china provinces and cities, as seen, spring in 2008, the influence of CHINA SOUTHERN POWER freeze disaster was huge.On February 8th, 2008, National Development and Reform Committee organizes the expert to go to field investigation.Contemporaneity National Electric Power Research Institute, designing institute also organize the expert to investigate, and on network, also have many online friends that the freeze proof technological means of existing electrical network is represented to criticize, many online friends and collect solution on network.
Before and after 1970, some collieries of China, from the service cable of down-hole mining, ventilation, transporting equipment, Current Transformer obtains electric energy, in order to drive the mine lighting electric light source.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome shortcoming of the prior art, a kind of device that can melt circuit surface icing expeditiously, reliably, feasiblely, economically to the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is provided, especially can be easily to existing transmission line transformation.
In order to solve the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention adopts following technical proposals: Current Transformer, obtain the electric energy that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit surface icing from overhead power transmission bringing onto load circuit.Can also be according to concrete line condition, span is set ice melting current and time and space position parameter (adjacent two distances of erecting electric power line pole tower) one by one.
With the common or independent winding of lead, the lightning conducter of every phase, the secondary winding of current transformer is exported as the energy that melts circuit surface icing as current transformer.
The a plurality of windings of same current transformer or the output of a plurality of current transformer parallel connections all are homophase or same electric pressure.
This is that the energy that melts circuit surface icing is supplied with by concentrating, by supplying the transmission of power transformation circuit; Though change into is to concentrate to supply with, by transmitting for the power transformation circuit, but ice-melt loop dispersed and distributed separately, can Autonomous Control, automatically or remote control to certain must ice-melt local line carry out the ice-melt operation, obtain primary power source from circuit, be converted on the spot and supply with ice-melt loop local secondary power supply separately, supply with as required, regulate the supply power size on the spot at the scene, adapt to the requirement of ice-melt automatically.
On the shaft tower of each overhead transmission line, can all set up the current transformer group that produces the energy that melts circuit surface icing, 1～10 shaft tower of also can whenever being separated by is set up a current transformer group of melting the energy of circuit surface icing.
On each shaft tower, every lightning conducter, every phase conductor can have a current transformer that independently melts the energy of circuit surface icing, the every lead that also can be every phase has a current transformer that melts the energy of circuit surface icing, the current transformer quantity that also can be every phase is less than every phase conductor sum, or below three times of every phase conductor sum.
Because the electric pressure between winding of current transformer and secondary winding is lower than 100 volts, so the power of the current transformer here and weight ratio height, its beneficial effect are that overall weight is light, cost is lower than for the extra ice melting current scheme of transformer station's generation, is convenient to implement.
Adopt the current transformer biggest advantage, be that ice-melt energy transformation part suspends in itself with the earth, so electric pressure is the low pressure grade, useful effect is to reduce the use amount of insulating material, improve the copper conductor of core window and filled ratio, corresponding weight of equipment and volume and the cost that has reduced under the identical heating power improved the security and stability of system, reliability height.
And switching is low with the electric pressure of the mechanical contact contactor of regulating the current transformer output current or power electronic device, and its beneficial effect is that whole cost is low, is convenient to implement.
The lifting mode of current transformer; The current transformer that melts the energy of circuit surface icing is hung with lead by pottery bottle (hanging the insulator of lead, lightning conducter), comprises that the lifting mode of the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing on the lightning conducter also is with preceding identical.
Between every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, many mutual short dots are arranged, form separately independently loop, it is spaced apart 1～10 span, the output that produces the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing is connected on the centre of mutual short dot between every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, and its range error is no more than 50%, the short dot between the lead, the heating ice melting current to the lead increase that will produce in this loop is limited in this loop.
Produce phase place and the size of the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing to the electric current of every lead generation of every phase of lead, lightning conducter, it is the normal power supply transmission current that increases by this lead, producing increases this section lead total current, increase this section lead by the heat that electric current produces, reach the effect that bringing onto load melts circuit surface icing.
Because phase relation each other increases in the loop of ice melting current at this, be that two 1/4 length line segment electric currents increase, heat effect is arranged; Two other 1/4 length line segment electric current reduces, and no matter for interchange or direct current supply line, the interchange or the DC ice melting current that no matter increase for non-may command, its effect is all the same.So a technical characterictic of the present invention is that the current transformer that produces the energy that melts circuit surface icing has output current phase commutation circuit.
Can be every two current transformer outputs in parallel that produce the energy that melts circuit surface icing that have mutually, there is a winding that independently separates to be connected on two leads of homophase mutually, with machinery or electronic switch, a wheel flow short-circuit winding separately, just can realize the purpose of commutation, the cycle of switching was at 1 minute to 10 hours.
Also can be the current transformer of every phase conductor, realize by the secondary winding output phase being changed with machinery or electronic switch with the energy of a generation thawing circuit surface icing.
Lightning conducter will inject drive current in lightning conducter in the ice-melt operation.
The actual temperature and the geographical environment of the real-time weather of lead, lightning conducter location, extension ice condition condition, lead (can be suspended on lead, the lightning conducter by transducer, can be installed on the shaft tower, can be installed on on-the-spot other column foots or ground), transmit to the ice-melt controller.
The output of current transformer of produce melting the energy of circuit surface icing can be applied directly on the lead that is heated ice-melt, the lightning conducter with the alternating current form, also can pass through mechanical contact contactor, the switching of electron electric power device, by the control of the automatic control equipment in one kilometer of this current transformer, also can be by the remote control of transformer station, can pass through the power carrier control on lead, the lightning conducter, also can pass through radio control, also can control by optical fiber.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme, be can be according to the real-time condition of each span, automatically regulate the parameter of ice-melt, energy savings is raised the efficiency, and improves the stability of electrical network, reduce the capacitive component influence of lead, lightning conducter, guardwire, effectively ice-melt of lightning conducter are no more than temperature rise again, avoid irreversibly reducing lead, lightning conducter mechanical strength; With the ice-melt of whole piece transmission line, changing into can be targetedly, selectively, the free branch of ceding territory, have living space that divides cedes territory, regularly, the segmentation ice-melt, and the ice-melt parameter difference of every section circuit, reduce the ice-melt power of whole transmission line at synchronization, help the operation at any time of ice-melt, guarantee ice-melt operated system stability.
The output of ice melting current instrument transformer and output phase and output amplitude are switched, and also can be parallel manipulator switch short circuits on the winding on lead, the lightning conducter; At secondary winding short switch in parallel, export the output operation that tandem tap is opened a way and withdrawed from current transformer in secondary winding.
The output of the current transformer of the energy of generation thawing circuit surface icing can be applied on the lead that is heated ice-melt with direct current or impulse form through mechanical contact contactor or power electronic device switching through after the uncontrollable rectification.
The output that produces the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing can be through after the may command rectification, be applied on the lead that is heated ice-melt, the lightning conducter with direct current or impulse form, controllable rectifier can be a silicon controlled rectifier, it can be the junction type triode, it can be field effect transistor, can be the IGBT device, can be power electronic device.
At each phase ice-melt heating power of same location transmission line, can be by the transmission and the Comprehensive Control of data chainning, the part is adjusted to alternate balance automatically.
Utilize the controlled direct current ice-melt of this dispersed and distributed, beneficial effect is; Can adapt to the variation of lead, lightning conducter transmission current automatically, the efficient height, do not influence supply line's integral body, the fault point indiffusion can independent process, can charged switching in the power transmission and transformation process, can online remote regulating and controlling and switching, the self-healing recovery ability is arranged, be not subjected to the influence of circuit induction reactance, simplicity of design is not destroyed alternate balance.
On DC power transmission line, use power electronic device, directly lead, lightning conducter are carried out current transformation, produce the ice-melt heating current, can be used for the transmission line of alternation current equally.
Concrete technical scheme, be with transmission pressure, lightning conducter a winding as the ice-melt power current transformer, generation utilizes transmission pressure, lightning conducter current fluctuation to produce small alternation output current in the ice-melt secondary winding to the normal magnetization effect of current transformer core; Perhaps short switch in parallel on a winding on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter; Perhaps use the reserve battery of supply convertor, by the electronic impulse switch, by with power supply output secondary winding independently another degaussing secondary winding the magnetic reversal effect of current transformer core is produced small alternation output current in the ice-melt secondary winding; After the alternation output current rectification that this ice-melt secondary winding generation is small, store, and with the degaussing pulse current in its part continuation generation degaussing secondary winding, progressively produce reciprocating vibration, the power output that progressively increases the ice-melt secondary winding arrives desired power of design and current amplitude.
The ice-melt way of output then with above identical (just illustrate the 4th page of the 14th row of book to the 22nd the row content; Between every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, many mutual short dots are arranged, form separately independently loop, it is spaced apart 1～10 span, the output that produces the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing is connected on the centre of mutual short dot between every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, and its range error is no more than 50%, the short dot between the lead, the heating ice melting current to the lead increase that will produce in this loop is limited in this loop.
Produce phase place and the size of the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing to the electric current of every lead generation of every phase of lead, lightning conducter, it is the normal power supply transmission current that increases by this lead, producing increases this section lead total current, increase this section lead by the heat that electric current produces, reach the effect that bringing onto load melts circuit surface icing.)。
Its beneficial effect is to have broken the magnetic core instrument transformer not have under the condition of tandem tap on a winding on lead, the lightning conducter, the direct current energy of a winding can not be transformed to the traditional thinking mode of power output.
Its beneficial effect is to have simplified the DC de-icing device on the direct current supply line greatly, deicing device is switched by the power transmission and transformation station of complexity, change in the distribution of the scene of column foot, dispersed placement, and ice melting current and the earth suspend fully, the electric pressure of deicing device is low, and equipment is simple, and cost is low, the fault indiffusion, the reliability height.
Its beneficial effect is that the operating frequency of ice-melt circuit is brought up to 1 KHz to 500 megahertz quantity ranks by 50 hertz of power frequencies, the volume and weight of same power output lower core has descended 1/10th to 1/100th, the volume and weight of corresponding copper conductor winding descends, reduced the load of column foot, improve circuit and column foot stability under air-flow and mechanical shock, improved the reliability of power supply.
The another kind of ice-melting mode of the ice-melt energy that produces by the current transformer on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter is that deicing device can move on transmission pressure, lightning conducter; Be current transformer output resistive heater, the electronic ceramic resistive element on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, the heat that resistive element produces is applied directly in the ice-melt, or by fan and air dielectric the heat that resistive element produces is applied in the ice-melt indirectly, produce the effect of ice-melt; More than Zhuan Zhi assembly is reciprocal or unidirectional mobile in the omnidistance or part of supply line under mechanical actuation device drives, and carries out the ice-melt operation.
This device has clamping transmission pressure, lightning conducter and the machine driven system of mobile deicing device thereon.
In every phase of each span of supply line, or every lead of every phase sets up a mobile deicing device, and perhaps in every phase, or per 1～100 span of every lead of every phase is set up a mobile deicing device
Mobile deicing device is hung ice thickness degree and shape according to weather conditions, the lead transmission current, and the lightning conducter electric current is regulated ice-melt power, translational speed, moving direction automatically.
It is many, in light weight that its beneficial effect is that the monomer power output of deicing device will reduce than fixing deicing device, the efficient height.Can be used for the line ice-melting that every phase all is a sub-thread, do not require lightning conducter be two near and also in parallel, can be that the sub-thread lightning conducter independently sets up, be suitable on existing line, reequiping.
Its beneficial effect is that deicing device and the earth suspend in itself, safe and reliable, the electric pressure that self designs is low, hanging ice is to melt fully, can not cause heavy weight extension ice to fall because of existing short circuit ice-melt, the swing that produces overhead transmission line causes that line vibration breaks and falls, or the swing of overhead transmission line and with ground obstacle, other circuits or lightning conducter punctures, short circuit mutually.
The design's deicing device has liquid is melted in acceptance from transmission pressure, from lightning conducter, from shaft tower, from lead or lightning conducter suspension insulator container.
The design's deicing device has the container of accepting to melt liquid, has the device that thawing liquid that container is obtained heats again, and may have the liquid in container heating and gasifying is the ability of steam, have and will be in the container melt liquid or steam suction pump, fluid is hung ice, sprayed to shaft tower and hang ice, spray to transmission pressure and hang ice, spray to lightning conducter and hang ice with the insulator that pattern sprays to lead with pump.
The design's deicing device has the ability of hanging spatial distribution photography with the three-dimensional Treatment Analysis of image and the ice-melt action decision-making of ice according to the scene, but the flow of Autonomous Control heated jet, temperature and jet space vector.
Its beneficial effect is that the advantage of the design's heated jet deicing device is to suspend with the earth in itself, and under the state that suspends with the earth to the three-dimensional ice-melt operation of shaft tower, lead suspension insulator, be at solid space, adapt to the deicing of difformity object.
A kind of working method of the design's deicer, be that deicer can Autonomous Control move on transmission pressure or lightning conducter, obtain the energy by current transformer from lead or lightning conducter, driving is at the cutter of lead or the running of lightning conducter excircle, or make the compound motion of circumferential running and planet running, mechanically deicing.This device have the heating deicing device auxiliary self, guarantee under by freezing state, to start, but the heating and melting cutter can not cut, the extension ice on the broken transmission pressure.
Its beneficial effect is that deicing device and the earth suspend in itself, and is safe and reliable, and the electric pressure that self designs is low, hangs the elimination of ice and mainly pulverized the efficient height by mechanism.
The design's a technical characterictic, be that independently electronic deicing device is installed on column foot and insulator, have the container of acceptance from the thawing liquid on column foot, insulator, transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, with the pump that the liquid in the container is heated again and on column foot, insulator, transmission pressure, lightning conducter, spray fluid, and Autonomous Control mechanism.
The energy of this deicing device, come the current transformer on self-conductance power transmission line, the lightning conducter, the electric energy that current transformer is obtained, chemical power source is charged, then with chemical power source with gravity fall or ejection mode, under condition, chemical power source is delivered on the independently electronic deicing device of installation on column foot and the insulator without guide rail and rigging; After the electric energy of chemical power source uses up, on column foot and insulator, install independently electronic deicing device with chemical power source with gravity fall or ejection mode, under condition without guide rail and rigging, chemical power source is delivered on the charger of the current transformer on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, charge, circulate with this.
A technical characterictic of the present invention, keep the 4th page of the 14th row of present specification specification technical characterictic (every group of lightning conducter to the 18th row, between each lead of every phase, many mutual short dots are arranged, form separately independently loop, it is spaced apart 1～10 span, the output that produces the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing is connected on every group of lightning conducter, the centre of mutual short dot between each lead of every phase, its range error is no more than 50%, short dot between the lead, the heating ice melting current to the lead increase that will produce in this loop is limited in this loop.), be two aerial condutors with the homophase circuit, penetrate same magnetic core, perhaps penetrate two independently magnetic cores respectively, by two switches, a difference short circuit winding separately is because the effect of reactor, cause the imbalance of the minor loop of these two aerial condutors, to produce the effect of heating ice-melt; When passing through two switches, the winding separately of short circuit simultaneously is exactly normal operating state.
Its useful effect is simple in structure, and effect is clear and definite, and cost is low, and design easily, and is easy to use.
On every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, temperature, ambient temperature, extension ice detecting device that lead is arranged at interval to 100 rice noodles roads 1000 meters of distances, make the power supply of Current Transformer and storage battery or energy storage capacitor, and be connected with ice-melt control device, confession power transformation control centre by wired, carrier wave, wireless, laser data chain.Its effect is 70 degrees centigrade that the conductor temperature when guaranteeing ice-melt is not higher than the design specification defined.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the most basic structure chart;
Fig. 2 is the most basic instantaneous phase relation;
Fig. 3 is basic mobile heating arrangement figure;
Fig. 4 is the most basic mechanical trash ice structure chart;
Fig. 5 is the most basic direct current instrument transformer structure chart;
Fig. 6 is the most basic two reactor structure charts.
Among Fig. 1, hollow annular current transformer core 1 is through above the transmission line 2, also is a winding of current transformer simultaneously; Transmission line 7,2 and transmission line 3 homophases, the two division electricity transmission line power supplies of 5 pairs of homophases of the secondary winding of current transformer; Made short dot 42 forms minor loop; Shaft tower 6 is based upon on the ground 4.
Among Fig. 2, two division electricity transmission lines 8 and 10 are the two division electricity transmission lines of homophase, by current transformer 11 and 13 power supplies of power transmission and transformation power supply; Instantaneous phase 9 grades of power transmission and transformation power supply 13 are shown in the arrow on solid line; Instantaneous phase 12 grades of current transformer 11 are shown in the arrow on dotted line.
Among Fig. 3, transmission line 14 passes current transformer 15, hollow annular resistance heater 16, hollow ring motor 19; The secondary winding of current transformer 15 18 pairs of hollow annular resistance heaters 16, hollow ring motors 19 provide the energy; Hollow ring motor 19 drives fan blade 17 rotations.
Among Fig. 4, transmission line 23 passes current transformer 20, hollow ring motor 21; 22 pairs of hollow ring motors 21 of the secondary winding of current transformer 20 and the motor 24 that moves with planetary mode provide the energy; Motor 24 drives machinery knives 25 rotations.
Among Fig. 5, transmission line 29 passes current transformer 27, hollow annular resistance heater 28; The secondary winding 30 of current transformer 27 is self-excitation demagnetization, degaussing, magnetic reversal winding; The secondary winding 32 of current transformer 27 is output windings, and its output is through rectifier 35 rectifications, isolates with battery or storage capacitor 33, behind the proportional divider 34, drives secondary winding 30 through electronic switch 31 jointly with the energy of battery or storage capacitor 33.
Among Fig. 6, the two division electricity transmission lines 36,39 of homophase pass reactor 38,40 separately; Reactor 38,40 each has short switch 37,41 independently out of service.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
According to disclosed paper information, the ice-melt example of circuit, conductor cross-section 120mm
2, the ice-melt heating power is 20 kilowatts/kilometer, its ice-melt thickness is 95～150mm.The partly existing explanation of the background technology that is linked at presents of this data source.
Is that the ice-melt heating power that calculates of the steel core lead of 400 square millimeters aluminium anchor ring and 35 square millimeters is 1320 kilowatts/kilometer according to the online friend to high-tension bus-bar commonly used, and its ice-melt thickness is 50～100mm.The partly existing explanation of the background technology that is linked at presents of this data source.
The span of high-voltage transmission line pole tower is overlength greater than 1000 meters, span generally between 300～500 meters, normally 400 meters of spans.
Because the present invention increases the electric current ice-melt under power supply state, the current transformer that the ice-melt energy is provided is to hang on every phase conductor; And the ice-melt power of front is after icing is accumulated to thickness limit, stop to extraneous load transmission of electricity, only to circuit power supply ice-melt itself, and in the online operating state of automatic defrosting repeatedly of the present invention, the thickness of icing is far smaller than above condition, and ice-melt power can greatly descend.According to estimation, for the aluminum conductor of 400 square millimeters of sectional area of wire, the current transformer gross power that the ice-melt energy is provided of each shaft tower is 20 kilowatts to 200 kilowatts.
Power/the weight ratio of common 50 hertz of operating frequency transformers (power density) is 1 kilowatt/5～6 kilograms.Once winding current for 50 hertz of once winding currents and direct current, can adopt the mode (Switching Power Supply working method) of high frequency modulated output, and adopt amorphous state, crystalline state nanometer soft magnetic material iron core, power/weight ratio is at 0.5 to 20 kilowatt/kilogram, so, each high-voltage transmission line pole tower bears the vertical load of the current transformer that the ice-melt energy is provided less than 100～10 kilograms, can meet present shaft tower design specification fully.
Optimal design is that 1 deicing device is arranged on each shaft tower, and is all to have deicing device to be no less than every opening with phase conductor 1 deicing device is arranged on 2 shaft towers.Can be the deicing device that each shaft tower has only 1 phase circuit, according between each shaft tower deicing device acted on installs according to the phase loop order is staggered successively, the shaft tower neutral that does not have deicing device is 0～10 shaft tower.
Optimal design is to have 1 with short-circuiting means between the phase conductor on each shaft tower span, and is that each all has mutually with short-circuiting means between the phase conductor.Be no less than every open have on 3 shaft towers 1 with phase conductor between short-circuiting means.
For the lead of each span, the ice-melt cycle is not less than 10 minutes, is not more than 10 hours, usually at 1 hour to 2 hours.
For the DC current transformer among Fig. 5, the optimal design of its self-exciting starting, be when forward current in the degaussing secondary winding lasts till that the outbound course of output secondary winding changes, to cut off the electric current in the degaussing secondary winding, or demagnetizing current is changed in the other direction; Wait for producing the forward current in the degaussing secondary winding when outbound course of exporting secondary winding changes once more, progressively improve the current amplitude in the degaussing secondary winding, circulate with this.
Optimum structure among Fig. 3 is heater, motor, all is hollow loop configuration.
The clamping of the mechanism among Fig. 3, travel mechanism can be the elastic-friction wheels of 2～4 rotations, can be the same positions of clamping, can be along lead axis interleaved; Can be two 2～4 dog chucks, be similar to the chuck of automatic feed lathe and the collet of propelling pencil, the interlaced lead that steps up by the distance between spiral or two chucks of leverage varying cyclically, reaches the purpose that the driving deicing device moves on lead.
In the structure of Fig. 4, the planetary motion motor that moves on hollow annular is to set up the power supply contact by slip ring, collecting brush.Optimum structure is to adopt planetary gear mechanism, the planetary motion motor that cancellation is moved on hollow annular.
Two switches among Fig. 6 are all closed, and two leads 36,39 of homophase all are in normal low-impedance transmission of electricity state; If two switches are all opened, this is to be in idle high impedance status, and with whether ice-melt is irrelevant, total current is constant; If two one on switches are opened, a closure, total current is constant, open a winding of the reactor of switch correspondence, just lead is in high impedance status, and total current is extruded this reactor, makes a winding of the reactor of Closing Switch correspondence, just lead is in low impedance state and accepts more electric current, enters the ice-melt state.The induction reactance design principle of reactor is can produce 90%～20% current imbalance between two leads 36,39, actual choosing about 50% under the actual internal resistance condition of a winding switch of short circuit considering.
Best high efficiency jet pump is to adopt the capacitor charging, after voltage on capacitor rises to maximum permissible value, to the Pulse Electric magnetic pumping of pump discharge, intermittent pumping fluid.
The structure and the method for the space search of pump and adjustment space injection vector, with automatic induction of the prior art, search automatically, the fire-fighting system in change injection orientation is similar automatically.
Acceptance is launched rechargeable battery and is accepted and melts liquid device, adopts horn shape, funnel shaped cover respectively.
Launching charging cell device, adopt the solenidal electromagnet of pulse interval work, is to adopt the capacitor charging, after voltage on capacitor rises to maximum permissible value, to the working method of solenidal electromagnet discharge.
Claims (10)
1. one kind melts circuit to the overhead transmission line bringing onto load, shaft tower, the device of insulator surface icing, be a kind of relating to overhead transmission line (lead and lightning conducter) bringing onto load (to be powered, transmit electric power, online) the thawing circuit, shaft tower, the device of insulator surface icing, especially a kind of thawing supply line, shaft tower, the insulator surface ice sheet, coagulate ice, hang ice, icing, the deicing device that freezes, just needn't stop power supply can online ice-melt, it is characterized in that Current Transformer, obtain the electric energy that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit surface icing from overhead power transmission bringing onto load circuit; Can also be according to concrete line condition, span is set ice melting current and time and space position parameter (adjacent two distances of erecting electric power line pole tower) one by one;
With the common or independent winding of lead, the lightning conducter of every phase, the secondary winding of current transformer is exported as the energy that melts circuit surface icing as current transformer;
The a plurality of windings of same current transformer or the output of a plurality of current transformer parallel connections all are homophase or same electric pressure;
This is that the energy that melts circuit surface icing is supplied with by concentrating, by supplying the transmission of power transformation circuit; Though change into is to concentrate to supply with, by transmitting for the power transformation circuit, but ice-melt loop dispersed and distributed separately, can Autonomous Control, automatically or remote control to certain must ice-melt local line carry out the ice-melt operation, obtain primary power source from circuit, be converted on the spot and supply with ice-melt loop local secondary power supply separately, supply with as required, regulate the supply power size on the spot at the scene, adapt to the requirement of ice-melt automatically;
On the shaft tower of each overhead transmission line, can all set up the current transformer group that produces the energy that melts circuit surface icing, 1～10 shaft tower of also can whenever being separated by is set up a current transformer group of melting the energy of circuit surface icing;
On each shaft tower, every lightning conducter, every phase conductor can have a current transformer that independently melts the energy of circuit surface icing, the every lead that also can be every phase has a current transformer that melts the energy of circuit surface icing, the current transformer quantity that also can be every phase is less than every phase conductor sum, or below three times of every phase conductor sum;
The lifting mode of current transformer; The current transformer that melts the energy of circuit surface icing is hung with lead by pottery bottle (hanging the insulator of lead, lightning conducter), comprises that the lifting mode of the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing on the lightning conducter also is with preceding identical;
Between every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, many mutual short dots are arranged, form separately independently loop, it is spaced apart 1～10 span, the output that produces the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing is connected on the centre of mutual short dot between every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, and its range error is no more than 50%, the short dot between the lead, the heating ice melting current to the lead increase that will produce in this loop is limited in this loop;
Optimal design is that 1 deicing device is arranged on each shaft tower, and is all to have deicing device to be no less than every opening with phase conductor 1 deicing device is arranged on 2 shaft towers; Can be the deicing device that each shaft tower has only 1 phase circuit, according between each shaft tower deicing device acted on installs according to the phase loop order is staggered successively, the shaft tower neutral that does not have deicing device is 0～10 shaft tower;
Optimal design is to have 1 with short-circuiting means between the phase conductor on each shaft tower span, and is that each all has mutually with short-circuiting means between the phase conductor; Be no less than every open have on 3 shaft towers 1 with phase conductor between short-circuiting means.
2. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that producing phase place and the size of the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing to the electric current of every lead generation of every phase of lead, lightning conducter, it is the normal power supply transmission current that increases by this lead, producing increases this section lead total current, increase this section lead by the heat that electric current produces, reach the effect that bringing onto load melts circuit surface icing;
Because phase relation each other increases in the loop of ice melting current at this, be that two 1/4 length line segment electric currents increase, heat effect is arranged; Two other 1/4 length line segment electric current reduces, and no matter for interchange or direct current supply line, the interchange or the DC ice melting current that no matter increase for non-may command, its effect is all the same; A technical characterictic of the present invention is that the current transformer that produces the energy that melts circuit surface icing has output current phase commutation circuit.
3. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that every two current transformer outputs in parallel that produce the energy that melts circuit surface icing that have mutually, there is a winding that independently separates to be connected on two leads of homophase mutually, with machinery or electronic switch, a wheel flow short-circuit winding separately, just can realize the purpose of commutation, the cycle of switching was at 1 minute to 10 hours;
Also can be the current transformer of every phase conductor, realize by the secondary winding output phase being changed with machinery or electronic switch with the energy of a generation thawing circuit surface icing;
Lightning conducter will inject drive current in lightning conducter in the ice-melt operation;
The actual temperature and the geographical environment of the real-time weather of lead, lightning conducter location, extension ice condition condition, lead (can be suspended on lead, the lightning conducter by transducer, can be installed on the shaft tower, can be installed on on-the-spot other column foots or ground), transmit to the ice-melt controller;
The output of current transformer of produce melting the energy of circuit surface icing can be applied directly on the lead that is heated ice-melt, the lightning conducter with the alternating current form, also can pass through mechanical contact contactor, the switching of electron electric power device, by the control of the automatic control equipment in one kilometer of this current transformer, also can be by the remote control of transformer station, can pass through the power carrier control on lead, the lightning conducter, also can pass through radio control, also can control by optical fiber.
4. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that output and the output phase and the output amplitude switching of ice melting current instrument transformer, also can be parallel manipulator switch short circuit on the winding on lead, the lightning conducter; At secondary winding short switch in parallel, export the output operation that tandem tap is opened a way and withdrawed from current transformer in secondary winding;
The output of the current transformer of the energy of generation thawing circuit surface icing can be applied on the lead that is heated ice-melt with direct current or impulse form through mechanical contact contactor or power electronic device switching through after the uncontrollable rectification;
The output that produces the current transformer of the energy that melts circuit surface icing can be through after the may command rectification, be applied on the lead that is heated ice-melt, the lightning conducter with direct current or impulse form, controllable rectifier can be a silicon controlled rectifier, it can be the junction type triode, it can be field effect transistor, can be the IGBT device, can be power electronic device;
At each phase ice-melt heating power of same location transmission line, can be by the transmission and the Comprehensive Control of data chainning, the part is adjusted to alternate balance automatically;
If two leads of homophase pass two independently reactors respectively, a winding of reactor has two switch in parallel respectively, and two switches are all closed, and two leads of homophase all are in normal low-impedance transmission of electricity state; If two switches are all opened, this is to be in idle high impedance status, and with whether ice-melt is irrelevant, total current is constant; If two one on switches are opened, a closure, total current is constant, open a winding of the reactor of switch correspondence, just lead is in high impedance status, and total current is extruded this reactor, makes a winding of the reactor of Closing Switch correspondence, just lead is in low impedance state and accepts more electric current, enters the ice-melt state.
5. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on DC power transmission line, use power electronic device, directly lead, lightning conducter are carried out current transformation, produce the ice-melt heating current, can be used for the transmission line of alternation current equally;
Be with transmission pressure, lightning conducter a winding, produce normal magnetization effect, utilize transmission pressure, lightning conducter current fluctuation to produce small alternation output current in the ice-melt secondary winding to current transformer core as the ice-melt power current transformer; Perhaps short switch in parallel on a winding on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter; Perhaps use the reserve battery of supply convertor, by the electronic impulse switch, by with power supply output secondary winding independently another degaussing secondary winding the magnetic reversal effect of current transformer core is produced small alternation output current in the ice-melt secondary winding; After the alternation output current rectification that this ice-melt secondary winding generation is small, store, and with the degaussing pulse current in its part continuation generation degaussing secondary winding, progressively produce reciprocating vibration, the power output that progressively increases the ice-melt secondary winding arrives desired power of design and current amplitude;
Operating frequency 1 KHz of ice-melt circuit is to 500 megahertzes;
The optimal design of its self-exciting starting is when forward current in the degaussing secondary winding lasts till that the outbound course of output secondary winding changes, to cut off the electric current in the degaussing secondary winding, or demagnetizing current is changed in the other direction; Wait for producing the forward current in the degaussing secondary winding when outbound course of exporting secondary winding changes once more, progressively improve the current amplitude in the degaussing secondary winding, circulate with this.
6. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the ice-melt energy by the generation of the current transformer on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, is that deicing device can move on transmission pressure, lightning conducter; Be current transformer output resistive heater, the electronic ceramic resistive element on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, the heat that resistive element produces is applied directly in the ice-melt, or by fan and air dielectric the heat that resistive element produces is applied in the ice-melt indirectly, produce the effect of ice-melt; More than Zhuan Zhi assembly is reciprocal or unidirectional mobile in the omnidistance or part of supply line under mechanical actuation device drives, and carries out the ice-melt operation;
This device has clamping transmission pressure, lightning conducter and the machine driven system of mobile deicing device thereon;
In every phase of each span of supply line, or every lead of every phase sets up a mobile deicing device, and perhaps in every phase, or per 1～100 span of every lead of every phase is set up a mobile deicing device
Mobile deicing device is hung ice thickness degree and shape according to weather conditions, the lead transmission current, and the lightning conducter electric current is regulated ice-melt power, translational speed, moving direction automatically;
Optimum structure is heater, motor, all is hollow loop configuration.
7. according to claim 1ly a kind of the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted the device of circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing, it is characterized in that putting and have liquid is melted in acceptance from transmission pressure, from lightning conducter, from shaft tower, from lead or lightning conducter suspension insulator container;
The design's deicing device has the container of accepting to melt liquid, has the device that thawing liquid that container is obtained heats again, and may have the liquid in container heating and gasifying is the ability of steam, have and will be in the container melt liquid or steam suction pump, fluid is hung ice, sprayed to shaft tower and hang ice, spray to transmission pressure and hang ice, spray to lightning conducter and hang ice with the insulator that pattern sprays to lead with pump;
The design's deicing device has the ability of hanging spatial distribution photography with the three-dimensional Treatment Analysis of image and the ice-melt action decision-making of ice according to the scene, but the flow of Autonomous Control heated jet, temperature and jet space vector.
8. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that deicer can Autonomous Control move on transmission pressure or lightning conducter, obtain the energy by current transformer from lead or lightning conducter, driving is at the cutter of lead or the running of lightning conducter excircle, or make the compound motion of circumferential running and planet running, mechanically deicing; This device have the heating deicing device auxiliary self, guarantee under by freezing state, to start, but the heating and melting cutter can not cut, the extension ice on the broken transmission pressure; The planetary motion motor that moves on hollow annular is to set up the power supply contact by slip ring, collecting brush; Optimum structure is to adopt planetary gear mechanism.
9. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on column foot and insulator, installing independently electronic deicing device, have the container of acceptance from the thawing liquid on column foot, insulator, transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, with the pump that the liquid in the container is heated again and on column foot, insulator, transmission pressure, lightning conducter, spray fluid, and Autonomous Control mechanism;
The energy of this deicing device, come the current transformer on self-conductance power transmission line, the lightning conducter, the electric energy that current transformer is obtained, chemical power source is charged, then with chemical power source with gravity fall or ejection mode, under condition, chemical power source is delivered on the independently electronic deicing device of installation on column foot and the insulator without guide rail and rigging; After the electric energy of chemical power source uses up, on column foot and insulator, install independently electronic deicing device with chemical power source with gravity fall or ejection mode, under condition without guide rail and rigging, chemical power source is delivered on the charger of the current transformer on transmission pressure, the lightning conducter, charge, circulate with this;
Launching charging cell device, adopt the solenidal electromagnet of pulse interval work, is to adopt the capacitor charging, after voltage on capacitor rises to maximum permissible value, to the working method of solenidal electromagnet discharge.
10. a kind of device that the overhead transmission line bringing onto load is melted circuit, shaft tower, insulator surface icing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on every group of lightning conducter, each lead of every phase, temperature, ambient temperature, extension ice detecting device that lead is arranged at interval to 100 rice noodles roads 1000 meters of distances, make the energy storage capacitor power supply of Current Transformer and storage battery, and be connected with ice-melt control device, confession power transformation control centre by wired, carrier wave, wireless, laser data chain; Its effect is 70 degrees centigrade that the conductor temperature when guaranteeing ice-melt is not higher than the design specification defined.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100262761A CN101286629A (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2008-02-13 | A device for covering surface of melting wires, poles and insulators in transmission line with ice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100262761A CN101286629A (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2008-02-13 | A device for covering surface of melting wires, poles and insulators in transmission line with ice |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101286629A true CN101286629A (en) | 2008-10-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100262761A Pending CN101286629A (en) | 2008-02-13 | 2008-02-13 | A device for covering surface of melting wires, poles and insulators in transmission line with ice |
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| CN (1) | CN101286629A (en) |
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| CN101908750A (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2010-12-08 | 浙江大学 | Self-adaptively grounded lightning wire deicing topology |
| CN102136320A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2011-07-27 | 苏州雅典娜科技有限公司 | Novel icing-preventing transmission cable |
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| CN111490490A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-04 | 何珊 | Circuit icing detection device |
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