Portable facility for study and dynamic geometry drawing method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of facility for study and drawing method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of portable facility for study and dynamic geometry drawing method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development and the quick process of global economic integration of China's economic, the carrying out that the Education Curriculum in China Foundation Education reform is just vigorous, the IT technology also is widely applied in the classroom instruction of school.The classroom instruction form is also along with ancient chalk blackboard resembles the swift and violent transition of computer media epoch.The infotech tool applications becomes possibility in classroom instruction at ordinary times.Domestic school information Status of Construction is heavy hardware, and light and soft, ostentatious project is many.We can find that common computer platform can not well be applied in teacher's at ordinary times the classroom instruction and students'learning, computer becomes the instrument of a demonstration in the time of most, the participation that lacks the student is experienced, still traditional spoon-feed, the teaching pattern of teacher's monodrama, student's subjective initiative can't obtain embodying.Computer has a lot of advantages own to exist the deficiency of many reality also, and is not too convenient as moving, and needs the personal management to safeguard, the poor controllability in classroom lacks very professional subject software resource, and computer is learned for learning computer by most of schools.Computer is not only served teaching under a lot of situations, becomes the burden of teaching on the contrary.
What the whole world will hand at first that hand-held device-TI graphing calculator is applied to mathematics classroom teaching is TIX, the hardware basic composition that is adopted: the teacher uses graphing calculator, the student uses graphing calculator, the teacher demonstrates the software that is adopted with liquid crystal board ti-VIEWSCREEN (perhaps connecting the video converter TI-PRESENTER that projection is used) and relates to CAS symbolic algebra system, function construction, linear algebra, financial mathematic, Ka Shi how much, contents such as several drawing board.The function of CAS symbolic algebra system is to carry out numerical evaluation or symbolic operation, as factorization, solve an equation (group), inequality (group), the algebraic expression abbreviation, evaluation, ordered series of numbers array summations etc. also can be carried out relational calculus, logical operation etc.Help the student in the process of study algebraically, to carry out probing into of some algebra problems whereby, can verify the correctness of the conclusion of oneself.Can allow the student from the calculating of very complicated, free, more be absorbed in the thinking and the research of problem.Function construction can conveniently be made the image of basic elementary functions and non-elementary explicit function, the relevant natures such as monotonicity, parity, symmetry of research image, (utmost point) value of computing function, derivative etc.Can also carry out the function match, the research of data statistics class.Linear algebra: the computational problem that solves the multidimensional linear equation.Become senior middle school and lowerclassman's computational tool.Financial mathematic: the professional problem in the relevant financial mathematic of systematic research more: as cash flow, by norm, the break even of price and profit; Can assess bond price and income; Difference percentage between two numerical value; Trigonometric function and logarithmic function; Profit is calculated: can carry out the calculating of cost, sale and profit margin; How much of Ka Shi, several drawing board: the dynamic geometry that is called as 21st century.Can resemble on paper with compasses and the ruler own needed geometric figure that easily draws by this program, and can carry out dynamic mapping to figure, animation is set, pulls etc., can carry out the rotation of figure, translation, convergent-divergent, turnover, symmetry, iteration etc., and can study the correlated measure relation of Drawing Object.Be in conjunction with the perfect good tool that embodies of mathematical thought number form.Improved the with the aid of pictures and geometric difficult problem of understanding of student greatly, helped the student to experience at one and observe, thinking is guessed, removes learning mathematics in the atmosphere of checking, more meets the universal law of people from visual in image to the abstraction cognition things.
Demonstrate while explaining by the such scheme teacher, the student can synchronous operation, can play good teaching efficiency, but this scheme needs on personal computer even the large scale computer at least, and be primarily aimed at Mathematics Research and develop, its range of application is narrow, be unfavorable for carrying, and therefore can't provide a platform easily for individual's study.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be how with the graphics calculations system combination to personal handhold equipment, on lower hardware resource, realize complicated graphics process and calculate and the function that shows directly perceived.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of portable facility for study, comprise microprocessor, by described microprocessor display screen, keyboard, storer control and swap data, and power module; Described microprocessor comprises: store the image storage unit of figure prime information, the Graphics Processing Unit that is used to receive the command input interface of described keyboard input command, the figure prime information of described image storage unit stores is handled according to the instruction of described command input interface input, and be used for the demonstration output interface of output pattern processing unit shows signal to described display screen; Described figure prime information is used to describe image, comprising: the live width of the generic attribute information of pixel, the show or hide of pixel, pixel, the color of pixel and the demonstration of pixel track; Described Graphics Processing Unit comprises: be used for to the figure prime information carry out conversion process the graphic operation module, be used for the track of the image of motion form animation a graphic animations module, be used for according to figure prime information graphing drafting module and the graphical measurement module that is used for the various parameters of image are measured processing.
Wherein, described keyboard is used to import user's order, can adopt conventional key board, also can adopt the point contact type input block.
By technique scheme, portable facility for study provided by the present invention can be realized complicated graphics process and calculate the function that shows also directly perceived with the graphics calculations system combination to personal handhold equipment on lower hardware resource.
In order to strengthen drafting to function curve, a kind of embodiment more specifically of the present invention is, described Graphics Processing Unit comprises: be used for the function calculation module that computing function embodies formula and calculates its coordinate figure of corresponding point on screen, described function calculation module is connected with described graphic plotting module.
In order to realize the function of external connection display equipment, described portable facility for study also comprises: the VGA input/output module, described VGA input/output module is connected with the demonstration output interface, is used for to external video equipment outputting video signal.Described VGA input/output module comprises: the VGA load module of Lian Jieing, D/A modular converter and VGA output module successively.
Portable facility for study disclosed in this invention also has following technical characterictic:
The generic attribute information of described pixel is selected one and is some class, line class, circle class, angle class, quafric curve class, polygon class, vectorial class, plural class or function class.Wherein, described some class is used to select expression free point, semi-free point or an obligatory point; Described free point can be on screen free moving freely, described semi-free point can move on screen under the constraint condition of other figure prime informations, described obligatory point can not be moved on screen separately by the constraint of other figure prime informations.Described line class is selected one and is single line class, relation line class or tangent line class; Described single line class is represented line segment, straight line, ray or vector, and described relation line class is represented parallel lines, vertical line or vertical line section, and described tangent line class is represented the tangent line of curve and function or the common tangent line of circle and circle.Described round class is used to select an expression circle, arc or fan-shaped.Described quafric curve class is used to select an expression quafric curve, ellipse, para-curve, hyperbolic curve or equation quafric curves at 5.Described function class is used to draw functional digraph or fitting function figure; Described fitting function figure adopts interpolation algorithm.Described polygon class is selected expression triangle, quadrilateral or an arbitrary polygon.
In order further to realize concrete function, described graphic operation module is carried out conversion process to the figure prime information and comprised: the generic attribute information to the figure prime information handles, the mapping environment of figure prime information is provided with, and the figure prime information carried out point symmetry, the line symmetry, around some rotations, handle around some convergent-divergents and translation.
Described graphic animations module forms animation to the track of the image of motion and comprises: to point on line motion processing, to point justify, arc and fan-shaped on the processing, the processing that point is moved on quafric curve or functional image of motion.
The present invention also provides a kind of dynamic geometry drawing method of portable facility for study, described graphic operation module is carried out conversion process to the figure prime information and comprised: the generic attribute information to the figure prime information handles, the mapping environment of figure prime information is provided with, and the figure prime information carried out point symmetry, the line symmetry, around some rotations, handle around some convergent-divergents and translation.
Described graphic animations module forms animation to the track of the image of motion and comprises: to point on line motion processing, to point justify, arc and fan-shaped on the processing, the processing that point is moved on quafric curve or functional image of motion.
Described pixel information comprises: the live width of the generic attribute information of pixel, the show or hide of pixel, pixel, the color of pixel and the demonstration of pixel track;
Described figure prime information can also comprise: pixel move or not removable; The choosing or not choosing of pixel; Constitute the style of the line of pixel; The color of filling; The style of filling.
The generic attribute information of described pixel is selected one and is some class, line class, circle class, angle class, quafric curve class, polygon class, vectorial class, plural class or function class.
Described some class is used to select expression free point, semi-free point or an obligatory point;
Described free point can be on screen free moving freely, described semi-free point can move on screen under the constraint condition of other figure prime informations, described obligatory point can not be moved on screen separately by the constraint of other figure prime informations.
Described line class is selected one and is single line class, relation line class or tangent line class;
Described single line class is represented line segment, straight line, ray or vector, and described relation line class is represented parallel lines, vertical line or vertical line section, and described tangent line class is represented the tangent line of curve and function or the common tangent line of circle and circle.
Described round class is used to select an expression circle, arc or fan-shaped, and described quafric curve class is used to select an expression quafric curve, ellipse, para-curve, hyperbolic curve or equation quafric curves at 5.
Described function class is used to draw functional digraph or fitting function figure; Described fitting function figure adopts interpolation algorithm.The formula that embodies by calling described function calculation module computing function and on display screen the coordinate figure of corresponding point, described graphic plotting module is drawn out corresponding figure on display screen according to described coordinate figure.
Described polygon class is selected expression triangle, quadrilateral or an arbitrary polygon.
Described function calculation module by calling described function calculation module computing function the formula that embodies and on display screen the coordinate figure of corresponding point, described graphic plotting module is drawn out corresponding figure according to described coordinate figure.The formula that embodies of described function calculation module computing function, described graphic plotting module is calculated its point corresponding on display screen according to described function expression, and draws out corresponding figure according to described on display screen.
Described graphical measurement module is to be based upon on the basis that figure exists.And the measurement kind of existing graphics had strict definition.As: for a circle, can only have: measure radius, measure girth, survey area its measurement of carrying out.And, just can only measure its radius and arc girth for circular arc.Therefore, be different for the different measurements that figure carried out.
Described demonstration output unit comprises the output of following two processes: the first is exported the display screen demonstration of rgb signal to portable facility for study by the demonstration output unit of microprocessor; It two is that rgb signal by the output of the demonstration output unit of microprocessor converts to by the VGA input/output module and links to each other with projector equipment by the VGA connecting line behind the VGA signal of standard and demonstrate thereon
The rgb signal that described VGA input/output module is exported microprocessor converts the VGA output signal of standard to, by showing output unit and VGA connecting line the VGA output signal of this standard is outputed to projector equipment.
Compared with prior art, portable facility for study of the present invention and dynamic geometry drawing method thereof have following advantage: the graphics calculations system combination to individual staff portable set, and has been solved the problem to graphics process efficient of portable set.After portable facility for study of the present invention is equipped with suitable graphic teaching software simultaneously, can in face of being presented in the personal user intuitively, the mode that will make course with figure on the basis of lower hardware cost improve individual's learning efficiency greatly.And can adopt color touch panel type display, pure menu in Chinese, man-machine interaction close friend, simple to operate; Adopt the coordinate axis of tape unit scale in the system, carry help information; Upgrading is convenient, the exchanges data plug and play, and data line that need not be special and driver, speed is transmitted fast a lot than external graphics calculations product I/O mode.Have sound, video, image multimedia interaction learning functionality, and most external product does not have sound, screen function.The present invention also has the program function design, therefore more meets the requirement of Chinese student and new curriculum, more meets China's actual conditions, has avoided the otherness of educational assessment system between the country variant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural drawing of microprocessor of the portable facility for study of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural drawing of the portable facility for study of the present invention;
The process flow diagram that Fig. 3 draws point for the portable facility for study of the present invention;
The process flow diagram that Fig. 4 draws line for the portable facility for study of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of the portable facility for study draw circles of the present invention class;
Fig. 6 draws the process flow diagram of quafric curve for the portable facility for study of the present invention;
Fig. 7 draws the process flow diagram of function class curve for the portable facility for study of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram of the portable facility for study drawing polygonal of the present invention class;
Fig. 9 preserves the process flow diagram of the file of figure prime information for image storage unit of the present invention;
Figure 10 loads the process flow diagram of the file of figure prime information for image storage unit of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the operating function structural drawing of the portable facility for study of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the software architecture diagram of the portable facility for study of the present invention;
The processing flow chart that Figure 13 moves to point on line for graphic animations module of the present invention;
Figure 14 is justifying point for graphic animations module of the present invention, arc and the fan-shaped processing flow chart of going up motion;
Figure 15 is moving on the quafric curve and putting the processing flow chart that moves on functional image point for graphic animations module of the present invention;
Figure 16 is the workflow diagram of graphical measurement module of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the structural drawing of a kind of embodiment of microprocessor of the portable facility for study of the present invention;
Figure 18 is the structural representation of external connection display equipment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, portable facility for study of the present invention comprises: microprocessor 101, by described microprocessor 101 display screen 102, keyboard 103, storeies 105 control and swap data, and power module 107.In order to strengthen the extendability of video input and output, also has the VGA input/output module 108 that described microprocessor 101 connects.
In order to possess kinematic function geometric construction function, described microprocessor 101 comprises: store the image storage unit 11 of figure prime information, the Graphics Processing Unit 10 that is used to receive the command input interface 12 of described keyboard 103 input commands, the figure prime information of described image storage unit 11 storages is handled according to the instruction of described command input interface 12 inputs, and be used for the demonstration output interface 17 of output pattern processing unit 10 shows signal to described display screen 102.Wherein, described Graphics Processing Unit 10 comprises: be used for to the figure prime information carry out conversion process graphic operation module 15, be used for the track of the image of motion form animation a graphic animations module 13, be used for according to figure prime information graphing drafting module 14 the and graphical measurement module 16 that is used for the various parameters of image are measured processing.
Described demonstration output interface 17 is integrated in a mode on the IC can adopting on the hardware design with miscellaneous part, also can adopt independent IC mode to realize, when adopting independent IC to design, this described demonstration output interface 17 directly is connected with the rgb signal output of miscellaneous part.
Described figure prime information is used to describe image, comprises following content: the live width of the generic attribute information of pixel, the show or hide of pixel, pixel, the color of pixel and the demonstration of pixel track.
Described figure prime information is pressed following data structure storage:
Bool m_dfocus; Whether ∥ chooses.
Int iDmsMoveStep; The step-length of ∥ motion
Int iDms ID; The ∥ object ID
Int ismovable; Whether ∥ is removable.
Int iDmsLineWidth; The ∥ live width
Qt ∷ PenStyle eDmsLineStyle; The style of ∥ line
QColor m_DmsColor; The ∥ color
QPen m_DmsPen; The ∥ paintbrush
QColor m_DmsBrushCo lor; The ∥ Fill Color
QBrush m_DmsBrush; The ∥ paintbrush
Bool bDmsHideName; ∥ hidden object title
Bool bDmsHide; ∥ hidden object itself
QString m_DmsNameStr; The title of ∥ object
QCanvasText * m_pNameObject; The ∥ text object
Bool bDmsDispTrace; Whether ∥ shows track
Bool bDmsFill; Whether ∥ fills
Qt ∷ BrushStyle eDmsFillStyle; ∥ fills the style definition
List<double〉m_DmsParamList; ∥ accounting equation parameter
Bool m_bExist; Whether the ∥ object exists
QList<DMSBaseAttribute〉m_RelItemList; The ∥ chained list of being correlated with
The ∥ expression formula
Uchar m_ucDmsExpress; ∥ expression formula display type, 0: do not have 1: text 2: formula
DMSExpressionText * m_pExpText; ∥ expression formula object
∥ adds type of gesture
TRACETYPE m_TraceType; The ∥ type of gesture
Static QList<DMSBaseAttribute〉m_ItemIdList; The ∥ chained list of being correlated with
Int m_ExpessionOffsetX; ∥ expression formula side-play amount
Int m_ExpessionOffsetY; ∥ expression formula side-play amount
Char m_cExpressText; ∥ initial value :-1; Text: 0; Formula: 1
This data structure is open, can increase other descriptor.
Wherein, all figure prime informations all have generic attribute information: DMSBaseAttribute).So DMSBaseAttribute is extremely important in the application of figure prime information.
The generic attribute information of described pixel is selected one and is some class, line class, circle class, angle class, quafric curve class, polygon class, vectorial class, plural class or function class.
As shown in figure 17, be 101 1 of the described microprocessors of portable facility for study structural representation more specifically.Described graphic operation module 15 is cores of described Graphics Processing Unit 10, the realization of other functions of modules all needs to relate to the function of the figure prime information being carried out conversion process, described Graphics Processing Unit 10 respectively with described graphic animations module 13, graphic plotting module 14 and 16 two-way connections of graphical measurement module.
Described Graphics Processing Unit 10 also comprises: be used for the function calculation module 18 that computing function embodies formula and calculates its coordinate figure of corresponding point on screen.Described function calculation module 18 is connected with described graphic plotting module 14.
As shown in figure 18, described VGA input/output module 108 comprises: the VGA load module of Lian Jieing, D/A modular converter and VGA output module successively.Connect the projector equipment of outside or the expansion that other video equipments are realized video playback by described VGA input/output module 108.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the flow process that point is drawn.Described some class is used to select expression free point, semi-free point or an obligatory point.Described free point can be on screen free moving freely.Described semi-free point can be under the constraint condition of other figure prime informations moves on screen, the point on the straight line for example, and this point can move, but his mobile alignment can only be on this line.Described obligatory point can not be moved on screen separately by the constraint of other figure prime informations, and for example mid point is fixed than branch, coordinate points etc., and this point self can not be dragged, and can only make its motion by the point that retrains it.Wherein mid point is meant the mid point of two points, and two points here can be regarded two end points of mid point as.Mid point self can not be moved, unless two end points move, because mid point oneself must keep geometrical-restriction relation, therefore, mid point can recomputate, and repaints, and seems similarly to be to be moved.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as the flow process that line is drawn.Described line class is selected one and is single line class, relation line class or tangent line class; Described single line class is represented line segment, straight line, ray or vector, and described relation line class is represented parallel lines, vertical line or vertical line section, and described tangent line class is represented the tangent line of curve and function or the common tangent line of circle and circle.
Be illustrated in figure 5 as the flow process that the circle class is drawn.Described round class is used to select an expression circle, arc or fan-shaped.
Be illustrated in figure 6 as the flow process that quafric curve is drawn.Described quafric curve class is used to select an expression quafric curve, ellipse, para-curve or hyperbolic curves at 5.Described function class is used to draw functional digraph or fitting function figure; Described fitting function figure adopts interpolation algorithm.Described polygon class is selected expression triangle, quadrilateral or an arbitrary polygon.
The flow process of Fig. 7 for function class is drawn.The flow process of Fig. 8 for the polygon class is drawn.
Fig. 9, Figure 10 are respectively the process flow diagram that described pixel message file was preserved and loaded to image storage unit 11.
The operating function structural drawing of portable facility for study as shown in figure 11.
Portable facility for study of the present invention is the computing system that specific software is installed, and software architecture diagram as shown in figure 12.。
15 pairs of figure prime informations of described graphic operation module are carried out conversion process and comprised: the generic attribute information to the figure prime information handles, the mapping environment of figure prime information is provided with, and the figure prime information is carried out point symmetry, line symmetry, handled around some rotations and around some convergent-divergents and translation.
It mainly is that DMSBaseAttriute is operated that the generic attribute information of figure prime information is handled.
Described graphic animations module 13 forms animation to the track of the images of motion and comprises: to point on line motion processing, to point justify, arc and fan-shaped on the processing, the processing that point is moved on quafric curve or functional image of motion.
Specifically be divided into: point is motion on line, and point is being justified, and arc and fan-shaped going up are moved, and point moves on functional image in motion on the quafric curve and point.The processing flow chart that point moves on line as shown in figure 13.Point is being justified, and the processing flow chart of arc and fan-shaped upward motion as shown in figure 14.Point at motion on the quafric curve and the processing flow chart that moves on functional image of point as shown in figure 15.
The workflow synoptic diagram of described graphical measurement module 16 as shown in figure 16.With circle and circular arc is that example illustrates its measuring process, for a circle, can only have its measurement of carrying out: measure radius, measure girth, survey area.And, just can only measure its radius and arc girth for circular arc.Therefore, be different for the different measurements that figure carried out.