CN101281274A - Optical fiber cladding grating - Google Patents
Optical fiber cladding grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101281274A CN101281274A CNA2008101064378A CN200810106437A CN101281274A CN 101281274 A CN101281274 A CN 101281274A CN A2008101064378 A CNA2008101064378 A CN A2008101064378A CN 200810106437 A CN200810106437 A CN 200810106437A CN 101281274 A CN101281274 A CN 101281274A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber cladding grating, specially an optical fiber grating passive optical fiber device. The inventive optical fiber cladding grating writes the grating in the light sensitivity fiber cladding. The optical fiber includes a hollow core optical fiber, a single mode fiber or other optical fibers. The grating structure written in the cladding includes a short-period grating conform to the bragg diffraction, a long period grating or other non-uniform refractivity modulation grating. The mode transformation capability of the inventive optical fiber cladding grating is larger than that of the in-core grating. The invention can realize mode transformation between the in-core conduction models, between the in-core conduction model and the cladding model, and between the in-core conduction model and the optical fiber exterior light field. Meanwhile, the invention can realize mode transformation from optical fiber to optical fiber, without destructing the fiber optic waveguide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a type optical fiber grating passive fiber device.
Background technology
1978, people such as Canadian K.O.Hill in experiment are that the argon laser of 488nm incides in the optical fiber of mixing germanium with wavelength, observe refractive index that standing wave interference fringe that incident light and reflected light form in optical fiber can cause fiber core along fiber axis to cyclical variation, formed photo-induced gratings.The interference fringe that the people such as G.Meltz of the U.S. in 1989 utilize the relevant ultraviolet light of two bundles to form writes grating from optical fiber side, has invented the ultraviolet sidelights on and has gone into technology, and formation can practical in-core fiber grating.1993, K.O.Hill proposed phase mask and has become gate technique.In the same year, people such as P.J.Lemaire have proposed a kind of simple and effectively optical fiber enhanced sensitivity technology---cryogenic high pressure carries the hydrogen technology.Phase mask becomes the high ballast hydrogen of gate technique and optical fiber technology to combine, and has reduced the cost of manufacture of fiber grating, makes fiber bragg grating device progressively move towards practicability, has also started the research boom of Fiber Bragg Grating technology and application thereof all over the world.Along with the maturation day by day of Fiber Bragg Grating technology, various fiber gratings with different performance are developed out in succession.Passive based on fiber grating, continuing to bring out of active device makes fiber grating use and optical fiber communication many fields such as Fibre Optical Sensor and optical information processing.
Yet up to the present, all fiber gratings all are written to the fibre core of optical fiber.Its basic physical mechanism all is to introduce periodic index disturbance in the fibre core of optical fiber, causes the coupling of other patterns in fibre core basic mode and the optical fiber, thereby to the light wavelength transmitted in the optical fiber, amplitude, polarization or the like generation modulating action.
At present Study on Long Period Fiber Grating is being shown, the grating that exists in fibre core also can be to the light generation effect of transmitting in the covering, for example, cladding mode is coupled into fibre core, therefore we think that the periodic structure that exists in the covering also can be to the light generation effect in the fibre core, the size of covering grating is much larger than the in-core grating, therefore its mode conversion ability is more much bigger than in-core grating, and the covering grating is positioned at fibre core and the outside light field of grating, and it can realize directly mode conversion between guided mode and outside light field.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of new fiber grating---optical fiber cladding grating.This novel optical fiber and optical grating has been transferred to the covering of optical fiber with the index modulation district by fibre core, forms the covering grating, and its mode conversion ability is much larger than existing in-core grating.It can realize between the in-core guided mode, between in-core guided mode and the cladding mode, and the mode conversion between in-core guided mode and the outer fiber light field.Simultaneously, also can under the situation of not destroying fibre-optic waveguide, realize Mode Coupling from fiber-to-fiber.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of optical fiber cladding grating of the present invention is that grating is write in the fibre cladding with photosensitivity.
In the preparation process of optical fiber, be the boron that in fibre cladding, mixes 10-20mol%, mix again and mix germanium, more than 0.05%, form the photosensitive optical fiber of covering greater than covering up to fiber core refractive index; Or in the covering of hollow-core fiber, directly mix germanium more than the 3mol%, form the photosensitive hollow-core fiber of covering.
Described optical fiber comprises the optical fiber of hollow-core fiber, single-mode fiber or other type.
Write the optical grating construction of fibre cladding, comprise the short-period grating, long-period gratings or other the non-homogeneous index modulation grating that satisfy Bragg diffraction.
The method for making of optical fiber cladding grating of the present invention was divided into for two steps:
The first step is to draw out that covering has light sensitive characteristic and fibre core does not have the optical fiber of photosensitivity.The optical fiber photosensitivity comes from and contains germanium (Ge) element in the fibre core.Because fiber core is mixed germanium, make the refractive index of fibre core slightly high, simultaneously at the inner Ge-Si key that forms of fibre core than covering.This Ge-Si key has strong absorption band near two wavelength of 198nm, 244nm, when with the UV-irradiation of these 2 wavelength, cause the Ge-Si bond rupture, produces variations in refractive index, thereby makes germnium doped fiber have photosensitivity.Therefore improving fibre core mixes germanium concentration and can obtain light-sensitive optical fibre.But fibre core is mixed the refractive index that high concentration Ge can increase fibre core again greatly, and therefore the property led a little less than the destruction optical fiber needs to mix boron-doping (B) again, to reduce the refractive index of fibre core.Therefore, general light-sensitive optical fibre is that fibre core mixes the optical fiber of mixing Ge and B.In addition, do in the high pressure hydrogen to carry the hydrogen processing, also can improve its photosensitivity if general single mode fiber is placed on.The production run of drawing covering light-sensitive optical fibre is compared with the standard production process that draws ordinary optic fibre and has been changed doping composition and doping content, and the two is identical for all the other technologies.
Second step was to write grating at fibre cladding, made optical fiber cladding grating.The wiring method of optical fiber cladding grating is identical with the wiring method of in-core grating.Can adopt one-tenth grid methods such as holographic interferometry, phase mask method, amplitude mask method, point-to-point writing method, combination wrting method to make the optical fiber cladding grating of different structure.Grating can be equally spaced short-period grating, long-period gratings, oblique raster, change mark grating etc., also can be non-periodic optical grating.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: optical fiber cladding grating of the present invention, because the size of covering grating is much larger than the in-core grating, so its mode conversion ability is much larger than existing in-core grating.It can realize between the in-core guided mode, between in-core guided mode and the cladding mode, and the mode conversion between in-core guided mode and the outer fiber light field.Simultaneously, also can under the situation of not destroying fibre-optic waveguide, realize Mode Coupling from fiber-to-fiber.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a fiber core refractive index modulation optical fiber optical grating in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a hollow-core fiber covering grating of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a single-mode fiber covering grating of the present invention;
Among the figure, 1-fibre cladding, 2-fiber core, 3-hollow-core fiber covering grating, 4-optical fiber cladding grating, 5-air, 6-single-mode fiber covering grating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.
Hollow-core fiber inside is air 5, mixes the germanium of 5mol% at the covering 1 of optical fiber, forms the photosensitive hollow-core fiber of covering.
KrF Excimer UV laser with 248nm sees through phase mask plate, equally spaced short-period grating is write on the tube wall of hollow-core fiber.This section hollow-core fiber grating is inserted between two single-mode fibers, has just formed hollow-core fiber covering grating, as shown in Figure 2.
The fibre core 2 of optical fiber is not mixed germanium. and the covering 1 at optical fiber is mixed 14mol% boron, mixes and mixes 6mol% germanium, and the refractive index that makes fibre core 2 forms single mode transport greater than covering 0.08%.
See through the amplitude template with the KrF Excimer UV laser of 248nm,, and this section covering grating is inserted between two single-mode fibers, just form single-mode fiber covering grating, as shown in Figure 3 the write direct covering of the photosensitive single-mode fiber of covering of long-period gratings.
Claims (3)
1. optical fiber cladding grating is characterized in that: grating is write covering to be had in the covering of optical fiber of photosensitivity.
2. the preparation method of covering light-sensitive optical fibre according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the preparation process of optical fiber, in fibre cladding, mix the boron of 10-20mol%, mix again and mix germanium, up to fiber core refractive index greater than covering more than 0.05%, make light in fibre core, satisfy total reflection condition, form the photosensitive optical fiber of covering; Or in the covering of hollow-core fiber, directly mix germanium more than the 3mol%, form the photosensitive hollow-core fiber of covering.
3. optical fiber cladding grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: write the optical grating construction of covering, comprise the short-period grating, long-period gratings or other the non-homogeneous index modulation grating that satisfy Bragg diffraction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101064378A CN101281274A (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2008-05-13 | Optical fiber cladding grating |
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| CNA2008101064378A CN101281274A (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2008-05-13 | Optical fiber cladding grating |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102269700A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Capillary fiber refractive index sensor |
| CN103439764A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-11 | 上海理工大学 | Production method of filling type fiber cladding grating |
| CN104390694A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-03-04 | 西北大学 | Cladded optical fiber grating vibration sensor |
| CN104678486A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of fiber grating |
| CN107687907A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2018-02-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of temperature sensing method based on liquid filling hollow annular fiber grating |
| CN112164975A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-01 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Beam combining method and beam combining device for semiconductor laser chip |
| CN113625388A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel capillary fiber grating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113687462A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for manufacturing fiber grating |
-
2008
- 2008-05-13 CN CNA2008101064378A patent/CN101281274A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102269700B (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2013-06-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Capillary fiber refractive index sensor |
| CN102269700A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Capillary fiber refractive index sensor |
| CN103439764A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-11 | 上海理工大学 | Production method of filling type fiber cladding grating |
| CN104390694A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-03-04 | 西北大学 | Cladded optical fiber grating vibration sensor |
| CN104390694B (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2017-08-29 | 西北大学 | Cladded-fiber grating vibration senses instrument |
| CN104678486B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2018-09-04 | 武汉烽理光电技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of fiber grating |
| CN104678486A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of fiber grating |
| CN107687907A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2018-02-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of temperature sensing method based on liquid filling hollow annular fiber grating |
| CN107687907B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2020-03-24 | 东北大学 | Temperature sensing method based on liquid-filled hollow annular fiber bragg grating |
| CN112164975A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-01 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Beam combining method and beam combining device for semiconductor laser chip |
| CN112164975B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-08-17 | 西安立芯光电科技有限公司 | Beam combining method and beam combining device for semiconductor laser chip |
| CN113625388A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel capillary fiber grating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113625388B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2024-03-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel capillary fiber bragg grating and preparation method thereof |
| CN113687462A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-23 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for manufacturing fiber grating |
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