CN101280403A - Method for improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet - Google Patents
Method for improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN101280403A CN101280403A CNA2008101131457A CN200810113145A CN101280403A CN 101280403 A CN101280403 A CN 101280403A CN A2008101131457 A CNA2008101131457 A CN A2008101131457A CN 200810113145 A CN200810113145 A CN 200810113145A CN 101280403 A CN101280403 A CN 101280403A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a protection method for the permanent magnet surface coating, in particular to an Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and a hot dip aluminizing protection method thereof, which belongs to the Nd-Fe-B material field. The invention comprises the following process steps that firstly, the surfaces of plating parts are cleaned, and oil stain, oxide skin and foreign matters on the surfaces are cleaned; secondly, the mixture of Al-Si alloy and fluxing agent salt is melted in a vertical resistance furnace and is heated to 680 to 750 DEG C to be melted; thirdly, assistant plating is performed in potassium fluorozirconate or potassium fluotitanate solution; fourthly, the plating parts after assistant plating are dried and pre-heated; fifthly, Nd-Fe-B is dipped into an aluminizing groove mixed with the Al-Si alloy and the fluxing agent salt for hot dip aluminizing, the hot dip aluminizing is performed for 0.5 to 2 minutes; sixthly, the plating parts are taken out slowly and is cooled; seventhly, the plating parts are polished. The protection method has the advantages that the process is simple, the cost is low, the coating thickness of alloy by adopting the hot dip aluminizing method is uniform, the bonding strength is high, and the coating thickness can be controlled within 0.05 to 1 mm through the dip aluminizing time to be controlled within 0.5 to 2 minutes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the NdFeB material field, relate to permanent magnet surfaces coating protection method, particularly Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet and hot dip aluminum plating thereof means of defence.
Background technology
The RE permanent magnetic alloy neodymium iron boron relies on its excellent magnetic properties, favorable mechanical processing characteristics and relative cheap price, be widely used in fields such as motor, instrument, nuclear magnetic resonance, but because its poor chemical stability, oxidation very easily takes place down in daily and industrial use, so, be to be related to the key that can this material be applied to the anticorrosion success or not of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet.
The Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet anti-corrosion method is concluded two classes at present: a class is the anti-corrosion function of enhancing magnet itself; Another kind of is magnet to be carried out surfacecti proteon handle, and comprises plating, electroless plating, vacuum ion plating, polymeric coating etc.But owing to these methods of reason such as quality of coating, cost, environmental pollution are all not satisfactory.Very easily seriously lost efficacy when especially Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is worked in comparatively high temps (more than 150 ℃) environment for a long time because of oxidation; and this moment various coatings because of oxidation or peel off and all can't play effective provide protection to it, this has just seriously hindered the expansion of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet range of application.
Hot dip process is that surface treated metallic substance is immersed in the melt metal, by liquid metal and matrix physics and chemical reaction takes place at the interface, forms the metal plating that one deck has provide protection on the surface.This technology is widely used in improving body material environmental corrosion resisting ability, and its provide protection mainly is by shielding matrix and environment or passes through two kinds of methods of electro-chemical protection and realize.The body material of hot dip process now mostly is ferrous materials, and coated metal commonly used has Zn, Al, Sn, Pb etc.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of method of using hot-dip aluminum plating technology to improve high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, high-level efficiency, low cost have been realized, and make coating and base material form more firm metallurgical binding, make it in hot environment, to work for a long time the phenomenon of oxidation, plating exfoliation also can not take place.
A kind of method that improves high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, its processing step is:
1, surface and oil contaminant, oxide skin and impurity are removed in cleaning plating piece surface;
2, plating piece is inserted help plating to handle in the quickening liquid, helping the plating temperature is 85～95 ℃, and the time is 3～5min;
3, will help the plating piece after the plating to carry out drying treatment;
4, the mixed solution of melting Al-Si alloy and flux salt in vertical resistance furnace; Natural layering behind flux salt and the Al-Si alloy melting, its thickness is than between 1: 2 and 1: 1.
5, will help the plating piece after the plating to carry out preheating, preheating temperature is 100～200 ℃, and the time is 0.5～3min;
6, the plating piece after the preheating is slowly immersed to melt have the aluminum pot of flux salt and Al-Si alloy liquid to carry out immersion plating, the speed of putting into is 0.2～2m/min, and the immersion plating time is 0.5～2min;
6, slowly propose plating piece, make its slow cooling;
7, polishing.
Quickening liquid of the present invention is the potassium fluotitanate or the potassium fluozirconate aqueous solution that contains 5～10% plating assistant agents;
The mixture of Al-Si alloy of the present invention and flux salt, Si content is 2～9% in the Al-Si alloy, surplus is an aluminium; The composition of flux salt is: sodium fluoroaluminate 23～37%, aluminum fluoride 17～27%, Repone K 36～60%;
Immersion plating temperature of the present invention is 700～850 ℃, and the time is 0.5～2min; Need slowly cooling after the immersion plating, proposition speed is 0.2～2m/min.
The invention has the advantages that:
Must be when (1) plating piece enters plating bath by melting salt deposit, the melting salt of colder plating piece around making is solidified as solid and is coated on and enters Al-Si alloy liquid outside the plating piece, plating piece is carried out further preheating, when the plating piece temperature rises, solid salt melts and come-up, plating piece is contacted with Al-Si alloy liquid, really carry out immersion plating.During this time, coated by solid salt when entering Al-Si alloy liquid, can carry out further preheating, improved quality of coating owing to plating piece;
(2) plating bath uses the mixed solution of melting salt and aluminum silicon alloy, and under the immersion plating temperature, melting salt is covered on the Al-Si alloy liquid, prevents Al-Si alloy liquid generation oxidation, has guaranteed that coating surface is smoothly bright and clean;
(3) the hot dip coating method alloy coat thickness that provides is even, the bonding strength height, and by control immersion plating time 0.5～2min can control coating thickness between 0.05～1mm.Realized that technology is simple, cost is low, easily practicability.
Embodiment
The step of the method for use hot-dip aluminum plating technology raising oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
(1) surface and oil contaminant and zone of oxidation and impurity are removed in cleaning plating piece surface.Use earlier sand papering, clean then;
(2) preparation quickening liquid, quickening liquid is 5% potassium fluozirconate solution;
(3) plating assistant agent is heated to 85 ℃, plating piece is inserted in the plating assistant agent 3min help plating to handle;
(4) mixed solution of melting Al-Si alloy and flux salt in vertical resistance furnace, Si content is 3% in the Al-Si alloy, surplus is an aluminium; The composition of flux salt is: sodium fluoroaluminate 23%, aluminum fluoride 17%, Repone K 60%.Smelting temperature is 730 ℃; The about 8cm of Al-Si alloy layer thickness, the about 5cm of flux salt layer thickness.
(5) will help the plating piece after the plating to carry out preheating, preheating temperature is 150 ℃, and the time is 2.5min;
(6) plating piece after the preheating is slowly immersed to melt have the aluminum pot of flux salt and Al-Si alloy liquid to carry out immersion plating, the speed of putting into is 0.2m/min, and the immersion plating time is 0.5min;
(7) slowly propose plating piece, proposition speed is 0.2m/min, air cooling;
(8) polishing.
Embodiment 2:
(1) plating piece is φ 20 * 20mm column, and surface and oil contaminant and zone of oxidation and impurity are removed in cleaning plating piece surface.Carry out sandblasting earlier, clean then;
(2) preparation quickening liquid, quickening liquid is 8% potassium fluozirconate solution, is heated to 95 ℃;
(3) plating piece is inserted help plating to handle in the plating assistant agent, helping the plating time is 5min, helps the plating back that plating piece is carried out drying treatment;
(4) mixed solution of melting Al-Si alloy and flux salt in vertical resistance furnace, Si content is 8% in the Al-Si alloy, surplus is an aluminium; The composition of flux salt is: sodium fluoroaluminate 35%, aluminum fluoride 25%, Repone K 40%.Smelting temperature is 830 ℃; The about 8cm of Al-Si alloy layer thickness, the about 5cm of flux salt layer thickness.
(5) will help the plating piece after the plating to carry out preheating, preheating temperature is 200 ℃, and the time is 1min;
(6) plating piece after the preheating is slowly immersed to melt have the aluminum pot of flux salt and Al-Si alloy liquid to carry out immersion plating, the speed of putting into is 1.5m/min, and the immersion plating time is 1.5min;
(7) slowly propose plating piece, proposition speed is 1.5m/min, air cooling;
(8) polishing.
Claims (3)
1. method that improves high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is characterized in that processing step is:
(1) surface and oil contaminant, oxide skin and impurity are removed in cleaning plating piece surface;
(2) plating piece is inserted help plating to handle in the quickening liquid, helping the plating temperature is 85～95 ℃, and the time is 3～5min;
(3) will help the plating piece after the plating to carry out drying treatment;
(4) mixed solution of melting Al-Si alloy and flux salt in vertical resistance furnace;
(5) will help the plating piece after the plating to carry out preheating, preheating temperature is 100～200 ℃, and the time is 0.5～3min;
(6) plating piece after the preheating is slowly immersed to melt have the aluminum pot of flux salt and Al-Si alloy liquid to carry out immersion plating, the speed of putting into is 0.2～2m/min, and the immersion plating time is 0.5～2min;
(7) slowly propose plating piece, make its slow cooling;
(8) polishing.
2. a kind of method that improves high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that quickening liquid of the present invention is the potassium fluotitanate or the potassium fluozirconate aqueous solution that contains 5～10% plating assistant agents; The mixture of described Al-Si alloy and flux salt, Si content is 2～9% in the Al-Si alloy, surplus is an aluminium; The composition of flux salt is: sodium fluoroaluminate 23～37%, aluminum fluoride 17～27%, Repone K 36～60%.
3. a kind of method that improves high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the immersion plating temperature is 700～850 ℃, and the time is 0.5～2min; Proposition speed is 0.2～2m/min after the immersion plating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101131457A CN101280403A (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Method for improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2008101131457A CN101280403A (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Method for improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet |
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| CNA2008101131457A Pending CN101280403A (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Method for improving high-temperature oxidation resistance of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102031522A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-27 | 白雪铠 | Neodymium-iron-boron magnet of aluminum or aluminum alloy composite coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN103419004A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-12-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for machining dry quenching pre-heater radial heat exchange tube |
| CN110983395A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | Magnet, preparation method and wearable device |
-
2008
- 2008-05-28 CN CNA2008101131457A patent/CN101280403A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102031522A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-27 | 白雪铠 | Neodymium-iron-boron magnet of aluminum or aluminum alloy composite coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN102031522B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2012-10-17 | 白雪铠 | Neodymium-iron-boron magnet of aluminum or aluminum alloy composite coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN103419004A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-12-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for machining dry quenching pre-heater radial heat exchange tube |
| CN110983395A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-10 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | Magnet, preparation method and wearable device |
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Open date: 20081008 |