CN101272344B - Routing method based on fuzz locating information for mobile sensor network - Google Patents
Routing method based on fuzz locating information for mobile sensor network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a routing method used in a mobile sensor network and based on fuzzy position information: (1) an overall situation position server PS is established; (2) position information is issued: when the network is started, a position issuing packet PIP is sent to the overall situation position server PS by all the nodes in the network, and the position information of the nodes in the network is saved by the overall situation position server PS; (3) the position information is acquired; (4) routing is based on fuzzy position; all the movement nodes need to send the position issuing packet PIP out again according to respective movement circumstances, so as to have the position information updated constantly; the method for updating the position information adopted by the movement nodes is a node movement degree self-adaptive position information updating method based on an autonomous area. The routing method of the invention can meet position services required by routing and reduce expenditure on maintaining position information and has the advantages of robustness and expansion capability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for routing, particularly a kind of method for routing that is used for mobile sensor network based on fuzz locating information based on fuzz locating information.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Networks, be called for short WSNs) form by being deployed in the monitored area a large amount of microsensor nodes, form the ad hoc network system of a multi-hop by the mode of radio communication, its objective is the various environment in monitoring in real time collaboratively, perception and the collection network monitored area or the information of monitored target, and information is sent to the observer.Because wireless sensor network is normally operated in the abominable even dangerous remote environment that the people can't be approaching, the sensor node number is huge, the energy can't replenish or change, therefore, low-cost, low-power consumption is that wireless sensor network is different from the most outstanding characteristics of legacy networks such as mobile ad hoc network, WLAN.In numerous research focuses of wireless sensor network, the method for routing of Energy Efficient type is one of most important research field.Because characteristics such as the sensor node energy are difficult to replenish, computing capability is limited and number is numerous, the method for routing of legacy network can not effectively be applied to wireless sensor network.The scientific research personnel has proposed the Routing Protocol of a series of suitable wireless sensor networks, and wherein the Routing Protocol of position-based information is a more representational class.The basic thought of such Routing Protocol is that always that the distance objective node is the nearest neighbor node of node is as the next-hop node in the forward-path.
The Routing Protocol of position-based information generally is made up of two parts: the forwarding strategy of location-based service (Location Service) and position-based information.The frequent updating of positional information on location server but produced a large amount of routing costs; When carrying out route,, can increase the uncertainty that message is transmitted because positional information can not obtain accurately consistent renewal in whole network according to positional information; When the route data message, the message sending node need obtain the current location information of destination node to send message to destination node, in time obtains the transmission that the target node position change information could guarantee the message continuous effective.When all adopting source node to send datagram at every turn, existent method on location server, inquires about, perhaps the change in location of destination node is carried out certain prediction, preceding a kind of method can produce too much place information inquiry message, and then a kind of method has increased the routing cost of message transmissions and the uncertainty of route final stage.The present invention has proposed the method for routing based on fuzz locating information according to the positional information that localization method obtains, thereby provides energy-conservation, cheap agreement support for the practical application of wireless sensor network.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: the network overhead at the method for routing transmission of location information of present wireless sensor network position-based information is bigger, and, provide a kind of wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information because positional information can not guarantee the uncertain problem that the accurate consistent message that causes is transmitted.
Technical solution of the present invention: the wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information is characterized in that: routing procedure may further comprise the steps:
(1) sets up the global position information server: at first will make node can find destination node to carry out route, just need make between the node and can obtain mutual positional information, the present invention selects a zone as the global position information server in the central authorities of whole wireless network, certain zone that all nodes in the network are mapped to according to node unique identification (for example: IP address, MAC Address, host name etc.), this zone is global position information server PS;
(2) issue of positional information: when network startup, all nodes in the network all can send a position issue message PIP to global position information server PS, message PIP comprises the unique ID of node, its positional information POS, the positional information that global position information server PS can preserve node in the network; New node also will send position issue message, the positional information that global position information server PS can preserve new node in the network to global position information server PS;
(3) obtaining of positional information: when source node NS will will send location information request message PREQ to global position information server PS when destination node ND sends message, message comprises the ID of source node NS and destination node ND; After global position information server PS receives the location information request message PREQ of source node NS transmission, send a location information answer message PREP can for source node NS, message comprises the positional information PPRE of destination node ND; Source node NS can begin route according to the positional information of destination node ND after receiving location information answer message PREP;
Described source node NS also can apply to become the positional information subscriber PSUB of destination node ND, obtain the positional information of destination node ND by the active position information service, be that the location information service that node passes through is initiatively given its subscriber with location information notification, thereby reduced frequent place information inquiry process.
(4) based on the route of ambiguous location: source node NS is forwarded to the position that PPRE represents according to the positional information PPRE of destination node ND with message, node around the destination node ND has the change information of target node position along with the motion of node, can carry out route according to the fuzz locating information about destination node ND of these node storages, message is forwarded to destination node ND the most at last;
Above-mentioned all movement nodes need outwards to resend the PIP message according to the motion conditions of oneself, bring in constant renewal in positional information, movement node upgrades the node degrees of motion adaptive location information updating method of the method employing of positional information based on the autonomous area, it is specially: each node all defines an autonomous area, as the change in location Δ L of node during less than the autonomous area radius R of node itself, its positional information will be upgraded in the autonomous area of self, and change in location Δ L is during greater than R, its positional information will be updated to the global position information server, and recomputate the autonomous area radius R according to the nearest average speed value of node.The autonomous area of described each node, be with this border circular areas of node as the center, the radius R of autonomous area is relevant with communication radius r with the movement velocity v of node, and described node is to its subscriber's method location information notification by location information service initiatively:
(a) at first source node NS will send request message SREQ to global position information server PS, applies to become the positional information subscriber of destination node ND, and request message SREQ should comprise the id information of source node and destination node; When the positional information of node changed, the supplier PPRO of positional information wanted the variation of the positional information subscriber PSUB positional information of proactive notification node.
(b) global position information server PS receives after the request message SREQ, and according to the distance of self and destination node ND range information subscriber NS, deciding by destination node ND still is the supplier PPRO that global position information server PS does positional information.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) the present invention has adopted a kind of method for routing based on fuzz locating information.Can obtain mutual positional information between the node in the network, adopt suitable routing policy just can intercom mutually.But because radio sensing network itself and node location continual renovation, the positional information of node and inaccuracy, this just influences algorithm robustness and extended capability, and the present invention has adopted a kind of method for routing based on fuzz locating information to solve this problem.Node can be according to change in location, and the radius decision node location information of autonomous area only upgrades in the autonomous area, still carries out a global position information updating; When source node s will be when destination node d sends message, source node s is the global position information server of search purposes node d at first, send message according to the positional information that inquires again, just can be after message enters the autonomous area of destination node d according to being kept at the arrival of the fuzz locating information in each node destination node d in the zone.Thisly finish route in conjunction with the fuzz locating information in global position information and the self-control zone, the positional information of node in its autonomous area, adopt a kind of by edges of regions to the node position update strategy clearly gradually.Adopt this method for routing based on fuzz locating information, can avoid of the influence of positional information uncertainty to route, even bigger change in location has taken place in destination node in the message routing process in addition, route message that still can be successful, reduce the possibility of routing failure greatly, have favorable expansibility and robustness.
(2) for a wireless sensor network, the change in location of node is frequent, and a good position update strategy can be strengthened the accuracy of positional information, improves the efficient of route, reduces the frequency of routing update, reduces the burden of Network Transmission.At the information updating control problem of location-based service, the present invention has adopted a kind of node degrees of motion adaptive location information updating method based on the autonomous area.When the change in location of node during less than the radius R of autonomous area, its positional information will be upgraded in the autonomous area of self, and change in location is during greater than R, and its positional information will be updated to the global position information server; And high more its autonomous area of node degrees of motion is big more, otherwise then the autonomous area should be more little, this helps guaranteeing that renewal operation that node carries out can the frequent generation because node moves too fast on the global position information server, and can the control position information updating carry out with a reasonable constant frequency by choosing suitable parameter value.The frequent position that this method produces the node location variation is upgraded the control message and is limited in the node autonomous area, avoids the frequent routing update of global network; The partitioned mode of autonomous area has avoided adopting existing partition method, the positional information frequent updating that produces when node moves near the zone boundary; The node degrees of motion is divided big or small foundation as the autonomous area, realize that node location information upgrades equiblibrium mass distribution in the network.
(3) in addition, the present invention also adopts the active position method of servicing of position-based information subscribing mechanism.Aforesaid forwarding strategy, transmit each time, the source node s at first global position information server of search purposes node d obtains the positional information of destination node, if need repeatedly to transmit between identical two nodes, then can frequently carry out routing inquiry, network overhead is bigger, and knows that sometimes the positional information of destination node in the time may not change, and this inquiry may be a kind of waste.The present invention has adopted a kind of active position method of servicing of position-based information subscribing mechanism to solve this problem.Source node s can apply for the positional information subscriber into destination node, each destination node is upgraded in the positional information on the global position information server, initiatively give its subscriber with location information notification, thereby provide a kind of location information service of active, the supplier of active position information service should be born jointly by the global position information server of destination node d and destination node d, supplier's selection will be according to the distance of range information subscriber s far and near and node Congestion Level SPCC at that time.Routing policy simultaneously is in repeating process, if order changes the positional information of node and changes, then can cause rear half stage route uncertain problem, and the active position method of servicing of this position-based information subscribing mechanism, timely notification source node target node position change in information, in time adjust solve this uncertain.The active position method of servicing of position-based information subscribing mechanism provides a kind of follow-up mechanism of service subscription person location information, route renewing method in conjunction with the self-control zone, more traditional passive query and motion forecast method, save routing cost, strengthen the route reliability, the performance and the efficient of route agreement is all made moderate progress.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is of the present invention based on autonomous area and global position information server schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the node degrees of motion adaptive location information updating flow chart based on the autonomous area of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the route schematic diagram based on fuzz locating information of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 4 a is positional information subscriber's schematic diagram of destination node d for source node s, and Fig. 4 b is a source node s sends a flow chart from message to destination node d;
Fig. 5 is the active position method of servicing schematic diagram of position-based information subscribing mechanism of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, of the present invention being implemented as follows:
(1) sets up the issue of global position information server and positional information
Select a suitable zone as global position information server PS in the central authorities of whole wireless network, all nodes in the network carry out a known hash conversion of the overall situation according to node unique ID (for example: IP address, MAC Address, host name etc.) and are mapped to the global position information server.
Fig. 2 is based on autonomous area and global position information server schematic diagram.In Fig. 2, global position information server PS has six sub regions, when node d when PS sends positional information message PIP, if the ID of d is 8, then by h (8)=2, the positional information POS of d is deposited in second sub regions, all nodes in second sub regions all will be preserved the positional information of node d, when the location information request message PREQ of node d, carry out same hash conversion by the ID in the request message and can find second sub regions, the node in second sub regions just can send the response message PPRE of the positional information that includes d to the node of request.
Message PIP:
| ID | POS (positional information) |
Message PREQ:
Message PPRE:
| POS (positional information of destination node) |
Node d selects one to be that center, radius are the autonomous area of the zone of R as oneself with the self-position, wherein R=k (v) r/2, r is the node communication radius, k (v) be variable based on node movement velocity v, the k round numbers.
(2) based on the node degrees of motion adaptive location information updating of autonomous area
Fig. 3 is based on the node degrees of motion adaptive location information updating flow chart of autonomous area.
Wherein, node i is the arbitrary node in the wireless sensor network; PS is the global position information server; PSUB is the information subscribing person of node i; L1 is the distance that PSUB arrives node i; L2 is the distance of PSUB to PS.
During the change in location Δ L of node i＜R, if Δ L＜r/2, then do not send the position issue message PIP of renewal, if Δ L＞=r/2 then sends the position issue message PIP that upgrades in the autonomous area, message sends jumping figure and rounds for Δ L/r*2.
During the change in location Δ L of node i＞R, send the PIP message to PS.The updating location information of node i will recomputate the autonomous area radius R according to the nearest average speed value of node i behind the global position information server; (v) r/2v carries out the position renewal to the global position information server to node i, and k (v) is the monobasic linear function of v, establishes k=α v, then T=α r/2 usually with period T=R/v=k.As seen the update cycle of global position information is a constant, chooses suitable α value and can the control position information updating carry out with a reasonable constant frequency.
(3) based on the route of fuzz locating information
Fig. 4 is based on the route schematic diagram of fuzz locating information.Fig. 4 a hypothesis source node s is the positional information subscriber of destination node d, and by Fig. 4 b as seen, source node s will send message to destination node d, through four steps.
Source node s at first sends the positional information of message PREQ search purposes node d to global position information server PS.
Global position information server PS in response message home position information PPRE (by top renewal as can be known positional information PPRE may not be d position PCUR this moment).
Node s sends the autonomous area of message to destination node d according to the positional information PPRE that inquires.
Afterwards just can be according to being kept at the transmission of the fuzz locating information in each node arrival destination node d in the zone.
Fig. 4 b is a source node s sends a flow chart from message to destination node d.
Wherein, PS is global position information server PS; PSUB is the positional information subscriber of destination node d.
(4) the active position service of position-based information subscribing mechanism
Fig. 5 is based on the active position method of servicing schematic diagram of positional information subscribing mechanism.It is the positional information subscriber of destination node d that source node s sends the application of SREQ message to global position information server PS.PS decides according to the magnitude relationship of S1 (s is to the distance of PS) and S2 (s is to the distance of destination node d), is the positional information supplier PPRO that PS or node d become node s.
As 5 figure, during S1＜S2, global position information server PS becomes the positional information supplier PPRO of node s, each destination node d upgrades in the positional information on global position information server PS, PS initiatively give subscriber s (if S1＞S2 with location information notification, node d becomes the PPRO of node s, is responsible for providing location information service initiatively by node d).
From top explanation to specific implementation process of the present invention as can be known, the present invention is a kind of method for routing based on fuzz locating information at wireless sensor network, compare with the wireless senser method for routing of general position-based information, can reduce the network overhead of transmission of location information, can reduce the uncertain influence that causes of positional information, frequent routing inquiry expense can be reduced, the influence that rear half stage route uncertainty that the change in location of destination node causes causes can be reduced.
Claims (6)
1. based on the wireless sensor network routing method of fuzz locating information, it is characterized in that: routing procedure may further comprise the steps:
(1) set up the global position information server: a zone is selected by the central authorities at whole wireless network, and all nodes in the network are mapped to this zone according to the node unique identification, and this zone is the global position information server;
(2) issue of positional information: when network startup, all nodes in the network all can send a position issue message to the global position information server, described position issue message comprises the unique identification of node, its positional information, and the global position information server can be preserved the positional information of node in the network;
(3) obtaining of positional information: when source node will be when destination node sends message, send the location information request message to the global position information server, described location information request message comprises the unique identification of source node and destination node; The global position information server can send a location information answer message to source node after receiving the location information request message of source node transmission, and described location information answer message comprises the positional information of destination node; Source node receives that the positional information according to destination node begins route behind the location information answer message;
(4) based on the route of ambiguous location: source node is forwarded to the position that the positional information of destination node is represented according to the positional information of destination node with message, node around the destination node has the change information of target node position along with the motion of node, the fuzz locating information about destination node according to these node storages carries out route, and message is forwarded to destination node the most at last;
Above-mentioned all movement nodes need outwards to resend position issue message message according to the motion conditions of oneself, bring in constant renewal in positional information, movement node upgrades the node degrees of motion adaptive location information updating method of the method employing of positional information based on the autonomous area, it is specially: each node all defines an autonomous area, as the change in location Δ L of node during less than the autonomous area radius R of node itself, its positional information will be upgraded in the autonomous area of self, and change in location Δ L is during greater than R, its positional information will be updated to the global position information server, and recomputate the autonomous area radius R according to the nearest average speed value of node.
2. the wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step (2) when new node adds network, new node also will send position issue message, the positional information that global position information server PS can preserve new node in the network to the global position information server.
3. the wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the source node in the described step (3) also applies to become the positional information subscriber of destination node, obtain the positional information of destination node by the active position information service, be that the location information service that node passes through is initiatively given its subscriber with location information notification, thereby reduced frequent place information inquiry process.
4. the wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described node is to its subscriber's method location information notification by location information service initiatively:
A. at first source node will send request message to the global position information server, applies to become the positional information subscriber of destination node, and the described request message comprises the unique identification information of source node and destination node;
B. the global position information server is received after the request message, and according to the distance of self and destination node range information subscriber source node, deciding by destination node still is the supplier that the global position information server is done positional information.
5. the wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: when the positional information of node changed, the supplier of positional information wanted the variation of positional information subscriber's positional information of proactive notification node among the described step b.
6. the wireless sensor network routing method based on fuzz locating information according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the autonomous area of described each node, be that the radius R of autonomous area is relevant with communication radius r with the movement velocity v of node with this border circular areas as the center of node.
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| CN101426294B (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | Wireless sensor network routing method capable of partially clustering on demand |
| CN106454991B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-06-11 | 陕西尚品信息科技有限公司 | A kind of high usage router method in mobile robot network |
| CN112188582B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-07-26 | 浙江工业大学 | Lattice network reliable routing method based on physical perception information |
| CN112954609B (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2023-09-05 | 北京交通大学 | Distributed geographic position service method based on backbone ring |
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| CN1561509A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2005-01-05 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Energy aware network management |
| CN101098373A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | 中国科学院软件研究所 | Mobile decision approach for data gathering set in wireless sensor network |
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| CN1561509A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2005-01-05 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | Energy aware network management |
| CN101098373A (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | 中国科学院软件研究所 | Mobile decision approach for data gathering set in wireless sensor network |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 赵进.无线传感器网络路由协议研究与实现.《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士-信息科技辑）》.2006, * |
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