CN101271025A - Method and device for ultrafast time discrimination measurement of seed photo-signal - Google Patents
Method and device for ultrafast time discrimination measurement of seed photo-signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device, which conducts super-fast time identification and measurement to seed optical signal. The method essentially includes the following steps: (1) super short laser pulse produced by a laser pulse light source is split into two paths by an optical beam splitting system after energy regulation, collimated beam narrowing and spatial filtering system optimization and selection, among which one path passes a time delay control system and a parameter pump pulse optical path, and the other path passes a seed exciting pulse optical path; (2) the collected seed optical signal and the pump pulse incident into a parameter amplifying system, so that the parameter amplifying system conducts ultra fast amplification to the sample seed optical signal under a linear amplifying state; (3) a parameter amplifying signal detecting system is used to detect, record, refer to and revise the signal, and give corresponding detecting result to ultra fast spectra analysis and time identification and measurement of amplifying the seed optical signal. The invention can amplify the weak seed optical signal and realize detection of ultra fast time identification, and is a novel detecting method in the field of ultra fast spectroscopy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of femto-second laser pulse be measured and time-resolved method and device fast, particularly seed photo-signal is carried out method and the device that Superfast time resolution is measured about a kind of.
Background technology
(femtosecond is abbreviated as fs to femtosecond, 1fs=10
-15S) laser pulse is owing to have the high time sense of precision, thereby become of the utmost importance or even unique means that current people study ultrafast transient phenomenon.Under the affecting of this very strong driving force of demand, people are not only interested in the generating technique of this class pulse, and the basic research work of himself performance is also more and more paid close attention to.Also have under the prospective fundamental research support at some just, some wavelength-tunable, bandwidth pulsewidth ideal, the high ultrafast ultra-intense laser pulse of energy produce equipment and occur successively, and be applied to increasing correlative technology field, promoted the technical progress in these fields.
After the nineties, optical parametric device based on the nonlinear crystal optical parametric effect occurs, pulsewidth commercially produced product also occurred at the Ke Er of tens femtoseconds mirror locked mode titanium sapphire laser device, thereby make the time resolution laser spectrum tech enter the femtosecond stage, and be widely used in the research in natural science field such as reaction kinetics, coherency response control of semiconductor material dynamics, organic and biomolecule.Because electron device is subjected to the restriction of response speed own, traditional time resolved spectroscopy technology, for example quick photodetector, wide-band oscilloscope, single photon counting system, streak camera system etc., their time resolution is lower, can only reach several psecs (ps, 1ps=10
-12S) magnitude can not be directly used in the pulse width of measuring femtosecond laser.Therefore, need find out detection system by the mode of full optics with altra-fast fs time resolution.
In order to solve the low problem of conventional art time resolution, people have developed " switch technology on the time-resolved fluorescence (Fluorescence Up-Conversion) " and the ultrafast spectroscopy technology of fluorescence such as " light Ke Er gate technique (Optical KerrGate) " in recent years.The former has and the identical time resolution of used femtosecond pulse width, but requires highly for the minute adjustment of optical system, and is single wavelength detection to the detection of fluorescence spectrum, and search coverage is at the ultraviolet light wave band; The latter since with organic solvent as actuating medium, time resolution only is a subpicosecond.In addition, because these two kinds of methods only use a part of fluorescence in detection, and also all insensitive to hypofluorescence, thereby in the detection of low fluorescence quantum yield, be very limited.
Along with scientific-technical progress, some optical parameter quartz crystal devices (for example barium metaborate BBO etc.) with nonlinear optical parametric effect of premium properties have occurred, with them is optical oscillato (the Optical ParametricOscillator of material, be abbreviated as OPO) and optical parameter amplifier (Optical Parametric Amplifier is abbreviated as OPA) invent in succession.(from infrared to ultraviolet), conversion efficiency are than higher because their continuously-tuning wide ranges, and all solid state characteristics such as operation of being convenient to, quite get insider's favor, and being divided into two research branches that are related, have again many important difference mutually, we might as well be referred to as " based on the light source generation system of OPA " and " based on the ultrafast spectroscopic method of OPA ".Though these two research branches all are based on the principle of parameter amplifying system, but they have different stressing: the former mainly lays particular emphasis on the research to " ultrafast superpower femto-second laser pulse production method ", and the latter then mainly lays particular emphasis on the research of " seed photo-signal of amplification " being carried out " high precision Superfast time resolution method ".Because be subjected to many fields to the affecting of ultrafast superpower femto-second laser pulse demand, people's more attention is the research to the former before this, thereby this research branch development is very fast; Then slow relatively once the development of research branch, not only the people of Guan Zhuing is less, and the correlation technique data that can see also seldom.
Although above-mentioned two research branch ultimate principles are similar, but the work that the latter need do is: at first " the primordial seed light signal " that excites dye sample to produce to laser pulse by the OPA system carries out linear parameter amplification, then by being arranged on the detecting devices in the ultrafast spectroscopy research system, to being carried out the high precision spectral analysis and Superfast time resolution is measured by " amplification seed photo-signal " behind the parameter amplifier linear amplification." primordial seed light signal " described here is a kind of " what have weak temporal correlation with pump signal, energy is lower and is subjected to that chromatic dispersion causes warbles and the system noise interference signals ", abbreviates seed photo-signal below as." based on the light source generation system of OPA " is simple relatively to the requirement of signal Processing, and " ultrafast spectroscopic method " needs often this class signal to be handled.Many difference are arranged between the two, summarize and to get up to mainly contain: 1. research object difference: the former goal in research is to realize tunable optical source, latter's research be the seed light that is exaggerated; 2. Yan Jiu purpose difference: the former utilizes the tunable femtosecond laser signal that is produced to remove to study other material, and the latter amplifies the trimmed book body by observation, studies seed photo-signal; 3. the seed light difference that is adopted: the former utilizes spectrum that the transparent solid medium produces continuous variable as seed, and the fluorescence signal that the latter then is excited to produce with the particular studies object is as seed; 4. system requires different to the duty of OPA with signal parameter: the former requires system works in the saturation region (inelastic region), for this reason, the requirement system is producing the strength control of pump light below the thresholding of conical radiation, and require the seed light intensity enough strong, to avoid the fluctuating of seed light; The latter requires system to always work in the linear amplification district, thereby require on the one hand system the strength control of pump light on the thresholding that produces conical radiation, the seed photo-signal that requires to input to OPA on the other hand a little less than, even also require whole parametric amplifier process simultaneously under the situation that has system noise and " warbling " to disturb, also can keep its ability to the seed photo-signal linear amplification; 5. to the requirement difference of time delay: the former requires pump light and seed light to arrive parameter synchronously to amplify crystal, the latter requires pump light and seed light to arrive crystal (requiring the two that certain " weak temporal correlation " arranged) with variable relative time delay, so that survey in the seed light signal with time correlation.
Be not difficult to find out that in sum most important difference is between the two, the latter requires " OPA system and parameter amplification process thereof " that the amplification of " seed photo-signal " is remained at " linear amplification of high-fidelity " ability.Owing to how just can realize this requirement actually, and no data can use for reference with precedent, realizes the above-mentioned requirements not a duck soup, thereby must just can find suitable answer by a large amount of scientific experiments and exploration.Realize this requirement, not only be related to the situation that change " ultrafast spectroscopy research field " falls behind relatively, can more be related to this research field make a breakthrough.Beyond any doubt, realizing that this requires required a series of technology, is exactly the gordian technique that this research field need be broken through naturally.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned existence, the objective of the invention is by exploitation and technological innovation optical parametric amplification system, on the basis of breaking through gordian technique, provide a kind of seed photo-signal is carried out method and the device that Superfast time resolution is measured, to satisfy the industry demand growing ultrafast spectroscopy technology.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of method of seed photo-signal being carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement, mainly may further comprise the steps: ultrashort laser pulse process energy adjustment, the collimation that (1) is produced by the laser pulse light source contracts after bundle and the spatial filtering system optimization selection, system is divided into two-way by optical beam splitting, wherein lead up to the time delay control system, lead up to conversion of parametric pump pulsed frequency and polarization control system and pumping pulse coupled system then; Seed sample is delivered to by seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system in another road, and excited sample produces seed photo-signal, and collects coupled system by seed photo-signal and collect; (2) seed photo-signal and the pumping pulse after the collection incided on the parameter amplifying system with certain coupling angle, makes parameter amplifying system carry out ultrafast amplification with the linear amplification state to the sample seed photo-signal; (3) utilize parameter amplifying signal detection system, finish acquisition of signal, record, reference correction successively, and the ultrafast spectral analysis and the time discrimination measurement that amplify seed photo-signal are handled, provide the relevant detection result; (4) in parameter amplifying signal disposal system, by adjustment to the time delay control system, change the relative delay of seed photo-signal with respect to pumping pulse, make the two be in adjustable time correlation state, repeating step (3) draws the Superfast time resolution measurement result that seed light develops in time.
In the described step (2), make parameter amplifying system keep the condition of linear magnifying state as follows: the pumping light intensity that 1. incides parameter amplifying system surpasses can make it produce the threshold value of conical radiation, and it is constant to keep this intensity then; 2. adjust seed light and collect the duty of coupled system, seed photo-signal is incided on the broadband nonlinear crystal of parameter amplifying system along the conical surface direction of conical radiation; 3. the adjustment by seed photo-signal is collected the coupled system state makes the seed light intensity remain on low light intensity state.
Described step (3) comprises the steps: 1. to utilize synchroprobe and record cell, surveys, writes down the amplification seed photo-signal of parameter amplifier output simultaneously, and the conical radiation signal; 2. utilize the signal that obtains, the amplification seed signal of parameter amplifier output is carried out normalizing handle, realize the reference correction; 3. utilize the signal analysis and the metering units of synchronizing detection spectrometer, and the time delay control system, seed photo-signal carries out ultrafast spectral analysis and the time resolution metering is handled to amplifying.
Adopt one of direct probe method or ideler frequency optical probe method that the amplifying signal of parameter amplifier output is surveyed and record.
Described input analysis, be to finish the synchronizing detection of parametric amplifier output signal and record, reference correcting process, and the high precision spectrographic detection that amplifies seed photo-signal is measured with Superfast time resolution power by parameter amplifying signal detection system and parameter amplifying signal disposal system; Described parameter amplifying signal detection system is amplified output by laser signal coupling unit and parameter and is joined, and is used for the amplification seed signal spectrum of synchronizing detection, the output of record parameter amplifier and is not exaggerated the conical radiation spectrum of seed signal spectrum overlay area; Described parameter amplifying signal disposal system is used for the reference correcting process, and its input, output terminal pass through the interface circuit of oneself, are connected with the output terminal of described parameter amplifying signal detection system and the input end of optical delay system respectively.
Described parameter amplifying signal detection system is one of following method for the recording method of the mode of spectrographic detection: the mode of (1) two-way spectrometer synchronous recording: adopt two-way hardware synchronization fiber spectrometer or imaging spectrometer+CCD, one road record is through parameter amplifying signal spectrum, another road record is not by the conical radiation spectrum of seed light covering place, as the real-time input information of revising of reference; (2) the synchronous recording mode of Jian Huaing:, utilize conical radiation spectrum to unify the reference correction with single channel spectrometer record parameter amplifying signal spectrum.
A kind ofly realize the above-mentioned device that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measuring method, it is characterized in that: it comprises the laser pulse light-source system, energy adjustment, collimation contract and restraint and the spatial filtering system, the optical beam splitting system, the time delay control system, seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system, sample, seed photo-signal is collected coupled system, pumping pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system, pumping pulse coupled system, parameter amplifying system, parameter amplifying signal detection system, parameter amplifying signal disposal system; Described energy adjustment, the input end and the output terminal that collimate contract bundle and spatial filtering system are adjacent with the optical beam splitting system with the laser pulse light-source system respectively, by wherein being provided with a time delay control system in the branch road after the beam splitting of optical beam splitting system, branch road in two light paths is described seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and the polarization control system that sets gradually, sample and seed photo-signal are collected the seed excitation pulse light path of coupled system, another is the described pumping pulse frequency transformation that sets gradually and the parametric pump pulse light path of polarization control system and pumping pulse coupled system, described two light paths come together in described parameter amplifying system, and described parameter amplifying signal detection system and parameter amplifying signal disposal system are successively set on after the described parameter amplifying system.
Described time delay control system is by the time delay control system of hyperfine numerical control mobile platform as control assembly, and described time delay control system places described parametric pump pulse light path.
Described time delay control system is by the time delay control system of hyperfine numerical control mobile platform as control assembly, and described time delay control system places described seed excitation pulse light path.
Be provided with the polarizer in the seed excitation pulse light path before the described sample, the back of collecting coupled system in seed light is provided with analyzer, to realize the coherent detection of seed polarisation of light.
It is that lens are collected coupled system that described seed light is collected coupled system, and it is lens combination or simple lens or the microcobjective composition that two lens are formed that described lens are collected coupled system.
It is that " total reflection convergence type " collects coupled system that described seed light is collected coupled system.
It is that optical fiber is collected coupled system that described seed light is collected coupled system, and described optical fiber is collected coupled system, is made up of first lens that join successively end to end, optical fiber and second lens.
Described parameter amplifying signal detection system is a kind of in two-way fiber spectrometer or imaging spectrometer+CCD or the single channel spectrometer.
The present invention adopts the composition framework of optical parametric amplification system, carried out technological development on its basis, especially in " system's composition technology; the broadband does not have chamber optical parametric amplification system technology; the collimation of laser pulse contracts and restraints and the spatial filtering technology; the hyperfine numerical control regulation technology of pump light and seed photo-signal relative time delay; the best of seed light is collected coupling technique; eliminate the control technology of chirp signal, and make pump light and seed photo-signal reach the independent regulation technology of optimum matching " etc. the technological innovation of aspect, guaranteed that effectively optical parametric amplification system amplification to seed photo-signal in than the frequency band of broad is in " distortionless linear amplification " state all the time.Simultaneously in order to realize to amplifying the ultrafast spectral analysis and the time discrimination measurement of seed photo-signal, the present invention is provided with the two-way fiber spectrometer in its terminal, a series of advanced technologies and methods such as " two-way fiber spectrometer Synchronous Detection; carry out the reference correction to improve the reference correcting process technology of system's output signal-to-noise ratio and output sample seed photo-signal quality with conical radiation intensity; the laser spectrum analyser spectrum analysis technique " have also been developed simultaneously, thereby make the present invention obviously have following characteristics and advantage: 1, the present invention is with the basic composition as the parametric amplifier system such as " broadband; no chamber; solid state or modularization " wide band component, the logical light branch road that can carry out independent regulation to the parameters such as " intensity; incident direction and parameter amplify the angle on crystal optics plane; the relative delay of two kinds of signals or degree of correlation " of pump light and seed photo-signal is set in the OPA system, guarantee to incide the optimum matching of " pump light and seed photo-signal " on the nonlinear optical crystal (Nonlinear Optical Crystal) that parameter amplifies, effectively guaranteed optical parametric amplification system in the light wave scope of broad, the amplification of the seed photo-signal that has various interference has been in " linear amplification of high-fidelity " state all the time.System has operating wave bandwidth, applied range, use adjusting flexible characteristic.2, parametric amplifier pump light pulse among the present invention " both provided energy to parametric amplifier, again the time gate of double as parametric amplifier process ", when making system compact more, had improved system effectiveness, and had reduced the influence factor that system produces.3, the total reflection mirror seed light of the present invention's employing is collected coupling technique, this technology can make the relative time of system postpone not rely on wavelength, thereby eliminate optical path dispersion to signal transmission and then adverse effect that the signal linear amplification is caused, thereby can suppress to greatest extent even eliminate effectively to have the seed optical pulse injection optics parameter amplifying system of " warbling " and be exaggerated.4, the present invention is provided with the multiple seed light that can select for use flexibly as the case may be and collects coupling in its terminal is formed, the synchronizing detection of parametric amplifier output signal, and method and means (the lens collection couplings of collection seed photo-signal such as associated direct detection and ideler frequency photodetection, catoptron is collected coupling, optical fiber is collected coupling, the parametric amplifier output signal is surveyed the two-way fiber spectrometer of record, multi channel imaging spectrometer+CCD synchronous recording, or the single channel fiber spectrometer etc.), thereby guaranteed " amplification seed photo-signal " surveyed real-time and the accuracy of detection that writes down; 5, the present invention is provided with to time correlation adjustment a little less than pump light and the seed photo-signal and to the reference correcting process unit of parametric amplifier output seed photo-signal, overcome effectively that output signal rises and falls in " no reference update the system ", the harmful effect of low " parametric amplifier output signal of poor quality; acquisition of signal sensitivity is low " brought of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), thereby improved the precision that system detects the spectrum or the time resolution of " amplification seed photo-signal " greatly.
Obvious, the device that the present invention provides is formed rationally, the working band wide ranges, applied range, acquisition of signal precision height, use easy to adjust, flexibly, the method that the present invention provides has solved parametric amplifier effectively described " seed photo-signal " has been kept the required series of key techniques of linear amplification, thereby the present invention both can have been finished effectively " ultrafast; weak time correlation; as to have the hypofluorescence seed photo-signal of various interference " optimum linear is amplified this difficult problem, also realized ultrafast spectrographic detection and split-second precision resolved measurement, made " based on the ultrafast spectroscopy of OPA " research field produce a new leap aspect the technical progress " amplification seed photo-signal ".Method and apparatus provided by the present invention not only can be used on " ultrafast spectroscopy research field ", and by suitable adjustment to the energy and the signal parameter of pump light and seed photo-signal, can also in broadband range, produce wavelength variable high-quality femto-second laser pulse at an easy rate, show some other exploitation and application prospect, have higher scientific research, economy and society benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations
Fig. 2 is an optics stream schematic block diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is all kinds of collection coupled system of a present invention synoptic diagram
Fig. 4 is the colored ring of light synoptic diagram of conical radiation of the present invention
Fig. 5 is a conical radiation angle matching theory calculating chart of the present invention
Fig. 6 is that the present invention amplifies seed photo-signal with pumping pulse energy variation synoptic diagram
Fig. 7 is that the present invention amplifies seed photo-signal with seed light intensity variation synoptic diagram
Fig. 8 is that seed photo-signal of the present invention and conical radiation are vied each other with pumping pulse energy variation synoptic diagram
Fig. 9 is the DCM dyestuff ethanolic solution fluorescence spectrum of the present invention without the reference correction
Figure 10 is the revised DCM dyestuff of a reference of the present invention ethanolic solution fluorescence spectrum
Figure 11 is the device synoptic diagram that the embodiment of the invention one adopts
Spectrum (dotted line) under Figure 12 inventive embodiments one situation after the super continuum light of water spectrum (solid line) and the amplification
The device synoptic diagram that Figure 13 embodiment of the invention two adopts
Reference correction synoptic diagram under Figure 14 embodiment of the invention two situations
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
The lightwave signal that relates among the present invention is divided into:
1, laser pulse---the femtosecond or the psec high power pulse that directly produce by the laser pulse light source;
2, pumping pulse---laser pulse through collimation contract bundle and spatial filtering, beam splitting processing, frequency transformation, precise delay handle that the back is produced, as the laser pulse of system's parametric amplifier pump signal;
3, seed excitation pulse---laser pulse is formed after collimation contracts bundle and spatial filtering, beam splitting processing, frequency transformation, be used for the laser pulse that excited sample produces seed photo-signal;
4, seed photo-signal---the seed excitation pulse acts on the light signal to be measured that is produced behind the sample;
5, amplify seed photo-signal---the light signal after seed photo-signal is exaggerated through parameter amplification crystal;
6, parameter amplifying signal---actual measured signal is the stack of conical radiation and amplification seed photo-signal.
7, ideler frequency light signal---the light signal in distress altogether that produces in the parameter amplification process with the amplification seed photo-signal, in having the parametric amplifier process of seed photo-signal, pumping pulse photon produce one with seed light frequency, photon that direction is identical, produce an ideler frequency light photon simultaneously, the two energy sum and momentum sum equal the energy and the momentum (energy conservation and momentum conservation) of original pumping pulse photon respectively.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, apparatus of the present invention comprise laser pulse light-source system 1, and energy adjustment, collimation contract and restraint and spatial filtering system 2, optical beam splitting system 3, time delay control system 4, seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 5, sample 6, seed photo-signal is collected coupled system 7, pumping pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 8, pumping pulse coupled system 9, parameter amplifying system 10, parameter amplifying signal detection system 11, parameter amplifying signal disposal system 12.
Laser pulse light-source system 1 of the present invention is that logical optical band is infrared ultrafast laser light source to the ultraviolet light wave zone, pulse width from several femtoseconds to tens picosecond range, the time resolution of system is identical with laser pulse width, and femtosecond time resolution can adopt the ripe and business-like laser instruments such as titanium sapphire fs-laser system that being with warbles amplifies.If the employing picosecond laser system, then the temporal resolution of system is a psec.
Contract bundle and spatial filtering system 2 of energy adjustment of the present invention, collimation is in order to obtain suitable energy, appropriate spot diameter and optical quality preferably, under the situation of not considering filtering, alignment procedure can use concave, convex lens (or catoptron) combined system, to avoid Intense Laser Field to focus on punch-through takes place in the air.Space-filtering operation can adopt the mode of focus place aperture filtering, punctures in order to prevent the strong laser field that air is focused in the atmospheric environment, and spatial filtering can carry out in a vacuum.Contract bundle and the input end and the output terminal of spatial filtering system of energy adjustment, collimation is adjacent with optical beam splitting system 3 with laser pulse light-source system 1 respectively.
Optical beam splitting of the present invention system 3 is that the laser pulse for energy adjustment, collimation are contracted bundle and 2 outputs of spatial filtering system spatially is divided into pumping pulse and seed excitation pulse, the mode of pulse beam splitting can be divided into the branch wavefront, divide amplitude and branch frequency, and mode wherein simpler and commonly used is branch amplitude and branch frequency.Divide the mode of amplitude can adopt beam splitter with certain reflection ratio; Divide the mode of frequency then need add the frequency transformation element in the filtered light path of collimation, for example non-linear frequency-doubling crystal utilizes the specific catoptron at a certain wavelength reflection to carry out beam splitting again.The beam splitting mode can be selected the requirement of optical maser wavelength according to test condition, and the composition of optical beam splitting system 3 can be realized by the partially reflecting mirror or the increase frequency transformation element of monolithic.
Time delay control system 4 of the present invention is used to control pumping pulse after the beam splitting and the relative time of seed excitation pulse postpones.The relative optics time (light path) that needs to control two-way light in this system postpones, and the degree of optics time delay depends on through after 3 beam splitting of optical beam splitting system, is pooled to light path poor of parameter amplifying system 10 again to two-beam.For realizing the relative change of this optical path difference, two light paths after the beam split adopt the mode of variable delay and fixed delay respectively.For realizing resolution of high time (light path), able to programme and high duplication, variable delay can adopt hyperfine numerical control mobile platform or other to realize by mobile automatically controlled transfer table of accurate control.And the mode that the light path of fixed delay can adopt light path to turn back realizes.Because its length is fixed, so how its setting depends on the light path coupling with another light path.These two kinds of time delay modes can be arranged at respectively in pumping pulse branch road and the seed excitation pulse branch road.Because the relativity that postpones, select any one the tunnel can realize identical ultrafast time delay as the variable time delayed branch.
Seed excitation pulse frequency transformation of the present invention and polarization control system 5 are used to realize the particular excitation condition of seed photo-signal, and frequency transformation can be by the needed specific light wave frequency of parts match samples such as nonlinear crystal; After the frequency transformation, carry out filtering to remove unwanted spectral component to this pulse.Polarization Control then can be controlled the polarization characteristic of this seed excitation pulse by modes such as polarizing prism, wave plate and combinations thereof.
Sample 6 of the present invention is for producing the research object of fluorescence, can constitute by solid, film, liquid and the additional circulation system and kinematic system etc., for the specific region of realizing sample 6 excites, before sample 6, can increase optical elements such as lens, concave mirror.
Seed photo-signal of the present invention is collected coupled system 7, is used for and will excites the fluorescence signal (seed photo-signal) that obtains to collect and be coupled to parameter amplifying system 10 from sample 6.Can have following three classes to collect coupling scheme (as shown in Figure 3) according to different requirements:
(1) adopt lens to collect coupled system
Lens are collected coupled system and are comprised lens combination, simple lens and three kinds of forms of microscope.Shown in a among Fig. 3, lens L1 is in order to collect and collimation the seed photo-signal of scattering, lens L2 assembles the seed light of collecting and is coupled to parameter amplifying system 10, regulate the position of lens L2 meticulously, seed photo-signal is collected obtained the optimum coupling coupling between coupled system 7 and the parameter amplifying system 10, and then make parameter amplifying system 10 be in best magnifying state.Shown in b among Fig. 3, be directly seed photo-signal to be collected and assembled the situation that is coupled on the parameter amplifying system 10 with simple lens L.By the position of meticulous adjusting lens L, also can make system obtain the optimum coupling state.Owing to adopt the lens combination coupling that is coupled, the method simple possible is regulated easy to operately, is applicable to that generalized case amplifies seed photo-signal.Shown in c among Fig. 3, be to utilize microcobjective L to collect and seed photo-signal is coupled to the situation of parameter amplifying system 10, by the position of meticulous adjusting microcobjective L, can make parameter amplifying system 10 obtain best magnifying state equally.Microcobjective L collects the collection mainly be applicable to the pointolite seed light, such as the signal collection of solid sample etc.
(2) adopt catoptron to collect coupled system
Shown in d among Fig. 3, to utilize completely reflecting mirror M1, M2 collection and seed photo-signal is converged to parameter amplifying system 10, meticulous regulating system also can make parameter amplifying system 10 be in best magnifying state.This scheme can be collected warbling of coupled system chromatic dispersion introducing by solution (1) lens, and because the time delay condition of system does not rely on wavelength, therefore can regulate system with visible light, comprise and determine geometric parameter and time zero, and then carry out the spectral measurement of other wave band.This method is applicable to that the seed photo-signal to wide spectrum or infrared wavelength amplifies.
(3) adopt optical fiber to collect coupled system
Shown in e among Fig. 3, utilize optical fiber to collect and guide the method for seed photo-signal, scioptics L1 collects and is collimated to optical fiber to the seed photo-signal of scattering, the output terminal scioptics L2 of optical fiber is coupled to parameter amplifying system 10 with seed light, this scheme is directed to the amplification of the seed photo-signal of optical fiber collection, is applicable to optical device spatial disposition constrained environment and the environment that need collect signal with optical fiber.
As shown in Figure 2, pumping pulse frequency transformation of the present invention and polarization control system 8 are used to realize the frequency and the polarization requirement of 10 pairs of pumping pulses of parameter amplifying system.Its implementation procedure and seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and Polarization Control 5 are similar.For simple situation (when for example the frequency transformation of carrying out in aforementioned lights credit beam system 3 has satisfied the demands), the design of seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 5 and the conversion of parametric pump pulsed frequency and polarization control system 8 all can be simplified greatly.
Pumping pulse coupled system 9 of the present invention is used to realize the coupling requirement of 10 pairs of pumping pulses of parameter amplifying system, and this system comprises the multidimensional regulating system of optical lens (or concave mirror) and translation, pitch regulation.
After the energy of pumping pulse surpasses certain thresholding, can produce and be excited conical radiation (as shown in Figure 4), it and the optical characteristics directly related (as shown in Figure 5) of selected parameter amplification crystal.The ring of light of light cone on the reception plane is rotation and distributes symmetrically and evenly, and along with the change of pumping pulse wave vector and optical axis of crystal angle, the inside and outside color distribution of light cone changes thereupon.When along the circular conical surface incident of certain selected wavelength and seed photo-signal when identical with this conical radiation wavelength, it will obtain to amplify.This amplification process need satisfy in time overlapping of pumping pulse and seed photo-signal pulse, and the relative time between them postpones and overlapping can the realization by time delay control system 4.Seed photo-signal of the present invention is exaggerated and will satisfies linear conditions, and in certain perform region, the condition of linear amplification is satisfiable, exceeds this zone, and this condition just can't satisfy, that is:
(1) when injection is hanged down to the pumping pulse intensity of parameter amplification crystal,,, realizes linear amplification (as shown in Figure 6) to seed photo-signal even if fainter seed light also can obtain high energy from pumping pulse along with the enhancing of pumping pulse intensity;
(2) still, if keep the pumping pulse light intensity constant, and the seed photo-signal light intensity that is injected into parameter amplifying system 10 is when increasing above certain particular value gradually, because when the energy of pumping pulse has been not enough to keep high-amplification-factor, parameter amplifying system 10 just occurs saturated, and descend (as shown in Figure 7) appears in its gain on the contrary;
(3) strong excessively pumping pulse also can cause seed photo-signal to amplify not satisfying linear conditions, because the pumping pulse energy area that is adopted is the zone that conical radiation is excited, there is the conical radiation noise background in amplification process that therefore should the zone.The conical radiation noise is from the spuious photon that is inspired by pumping pulse in the crystal, and it can be exaggerated in system equally, therefore the situation that exists noise and seed light to vie each other in amplification process.Example proves, producing in the thresholding near zone of conical radiation absolute strength when the light intensity of conical radiation very little, and when being similar linear growth rule with seed light, the two competition can be ignored; But under high pumping light intensity condition, the spuious photon noise that is inspired by pumping pulse, in system, also can obtain high power and amplify (spontaneous superfluorescence phenomenon), this moment, warfare just can not be left in the basket, and the competition of the two will cause reducing and non-linear (as shown in Figure 8) of seed photo-signal enlargement factor.
As shown in Figure 2, parameter amplifying signal detection system 11 of the present invention, be used to realize the detection of the amplification seed photo-signal of parameter amplifying system 10 outputs, this system comprises filter element (as filter plate), analyzing element (as polarizing prism), signal coupling element (as optical focusing system), signal transmission component (as optical fiber), strength investigation unit (as photomultiplier) and spectrographic detection unit (as spectrometer, ccd detector) etc.Strength investigation and spectrographic detection all adopt the mode of synchronizing detection, and principle is to adopt synchronous recording parameter amplifying signal and conical radiation signal, and utilizes the intensity of conical radiation to carry out the reference correction.By correction, can overcome of the influence of the instability of laser pulse, thereby can under high sensitivity, increase substantially system signal noise ratio measurement result to this reference.For the mode of spectrographic detection, its recording method is:
(1) mode of two-way spectrometer synchronous recording: one road record is through parameter amplifying signal spectrum, and another road record is not by the conical radiation spectrum of seed light (spectrum) covering place, as the real-time input information of revising of reference.This mode can adopt two-way hardware synchronization fiber spectrometer, also can adopt the detection mode of imaging spectrometer+CCD.
(2) the synchronous recording mode of Jian Huaing: under certain conditions, can adopt single channel spectrometer record parameter amplifying signal spectrum, because the wavelength coverage that is not covered by seed light in the parameter amplifying signal spectrum is corresponding to conical radiation, can utilize conical radiation spectrum to unify the reference correction, therefore by the effect (as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10) before and after the reference correction, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) has very large improvement as can be seen.
The detection system of spectrum synchronizing detection instrument can require according to the situation of wavelength and detector to select for use " flashlight direct detection " to reach " ideler frequency photodetection " two kinds of methods to amplifying the detection of seed photo-signal:
(1) (amplification seed photo-signal) direct probe method: this method is simple relatively, is applicable to the situation of signal wavelength in the detector working range;
(2) ideler frequency optical probe method: when the parameter amplifying signal exceeds the detector working range (as utilizing visible light probe detection infrared signal), notice that the ideler frequency light signal is to produce conjugation each other simultaneously with amplifying seed photo-signal, and ideler frequency light intensity and consistent with the amplifying signal of seed light over time, thereby by surveying the ideler frequency light signal that produces in the amplification process, the system that can realize is to amplifying the detection of seed photo-signal.
As shown in Figure 2, parameter amplifying signal disposal system 12 of the present invention, be that central signal of the present invention is handled and control system, parameter amplifying signal disposal system 12, be used for the reference correcting process, its input, output terminal pass through the interface circuit of oneself, are connected with the output terminal of parameter amplifying signal detection system 11 and the input end of optical delay system 4 respectively.The main effect of parameter amplifying signal disposal system 12 is that the mode by computer software (such as using software such as labview), combination of hardware realizes that synchronizing signal handles and postpone two functions of control:
(1) signal Processing, at first read two-way intensity and spectral signal, utilize elimination and the Noise Suppression of software realization, the two-way signal is carried out reference background from parameter amplifying signal detection system 11, the influence of elimination system fluctuation obtains the output of correct intensity or spectrum.
(2) postpone control, realize the time resolution detection by control time delay control system 4, and postpone between class hour to scan according to being provided with to focus automatically with the signal Processing situation, the detection that makes system carry out " input-analysiss-time delay change " automatically circulates.
The inventive method mainly may further comprise the steps when implementing:
(1) ultrashort laser pulse of laser pulse light-source system 1 generation is contracted through energy adjustment, collimation and is restrainted and spatial filtering system 2 optimized choice, be divided into two-way by optical beam splitting system 3, wherein lead up to pumping pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 8 and pumping pulse coupled system 9; Another road is delivered to seed sample excited sample 6 and is produced seed photo-signal by time delay control system 4 and seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 5, collects coupled system 7 by seed photo-signal then and collects;
(2) seed photo-signal and the pumping pulse after the collection incided parameter amplifying system 10 with certain coupling angle, makes parameter amplifying system 10 carry out ultrafast amplification with the linear amplification state to the sample seed photo-signal;
(3) utilize parameter amplifying signal detection system 11, finish acquisition of signal, record, reference correction successively, and the ultrafast spectral analysis and the time discrimination measurement that amplify seed photo-signal are handled, provide the relevant detection result;
(4) in parameter amplifying signal disposal system 12, by adjustment to time delay control system 4, change the relative delay of seed photo-signal with respect to pumping pulse, make the two be in adjustable time correlation state, repeating step (3) draws the Superfast time resolution measurement result that seed light develops in time.
The present invention is described further below by specific embodiment.
The super continuous white light of embodiment one water amplifies
As shown in figure 11, ultrashort laser pulse light-source system 1 adopts titanium sapphire femto-second laser and laser frequency doubling crystal, laser frequency doubling crystal should be can be operated in from infrared to ultraviolet band and its refractive index can with the nonlinear crystal of the optical parameter phase matching of this service band, as bbo crystal, ktp crystal, LiNbO
3Crystal etc.Present embodiment adopts crystal BBO (this crystal is used for frequency multiplication, is designated as BBO1), and it is arranged on energy adjustment, collimation contracts after bundle and the spatial filtering system 2.The femto-second laser output center wavelength is 800nm, and pulsewidth is 120fs, and energy is 400 μ J, repetition frequency is the infrared pulse of 1kHz, and this pulse is contracted through energy adjustment, collimation after bundle and the spatial filtering system 2, through the BBO1 frequency multiplication, obtaining wavelength is 400nm, and energy is the femtosecond pulse of 70 μ J.After the beam splitter BS beam splitting of this femtosecond pulse through optical beam splitting system 3, the 400nm double frequency pulse is through the hyperfine numerical control mobile platform of ultrafast time delay control system 4, completely reflecting mirror M4, the M5 of pumping pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 8 and pumping pulse coupled system 9, parts such as lens L2 are handled the back and are delivered to parameter amplifying system 10 as pumping pulse.Completely reflecting mirror M1, M2, the M3 of seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system 5 then passed through in the pulse frequently of another roadbed, polarizer P1, analyzer P2, excitation pulse is used for directly exciting the water as sample as seed, to obtain the super continuous white-light spectrum of water.Seed photo-signal in the system is collected the collection coupled system (shown in a among Fig. 3) that coupled system 7 adopts lens L1, L2, wherein lens L1 collects the seed photo-signal of scattering, lens L2 assembles seed light and is coupled to parameter amplifying system 10, meticulous adjusting seed photo-signal is collected coupled system 7, make it obtain the optimum coupling state, and in addition overdamp as seed photo-signal.The nonlinear crystal that adopts broadband parametric to amplify in the parameter amplifying system 10 in the present embodiment selects the thick bbo crystal of 1mm (to be used for parameter and to amplify, be designated as BBO
2), this crystal BBO
2With 24 ° first kind phase matching angle cutting, adopt the overlapping matching way of each wavelength in the conical radiation in the collection mode.In like manner, also can adopt other nonlinear crystal such as ktp crystal, LiNbO in the parameter amplifying system 10
3Crystal etc. are as laser frequency doubling crystal.Parameter amplifying signal detection system 11 adopts the synchronizing detection fiber spectrometer, and utilizes single channel spectrometer record conical radiation and parameter amplifying signal spectrum to measure.
As shown in Figure 4, focus on BBO by completely reflecting mirror M5 when stronger 400nm pumping pulse
2In the time of on the crystal, crystal produces tangible colored conical radiation, and the ring of light is rotation and distributes symmetrically and evenly in whole reception plane.Amplify crystal BBO in pumping pulse wave vector and parameter
2When optical axis included angle was smaller, ring of light inside presented the long wave ring of light, and angle is when bigger, and the long wave ring of light is distributed in the outside of conical radiation, and in certain angular range of centre, wavelength overlaps on a large scale each other, presents the single orange ring of light.Theoretical Calculation also shows (as shown in Figure 5), parameter amplify crystal inside-pumping light and optical axis included angle be 31.5 ° near the time, different wave length has similar coupling angle in 500～750nm scope, its coupling angle is 0 to the second derivative of wavelength, this angle correspondence the overlapping phenomenon of observed each conical radiation wavelength space.
As shown in Figure 6, under this experiment condition, when the pumping pulse energy is lower than stage of 30 μ J, the amplifying power of system slowly increases and conical radiation finally occurs.Subsequently, the enlargement factor of system is linear increases.After reaching 70 μ J, the amplification of weak signal reaches capacity, and no longer increases with the pumping pulse energy linearity.But, the pumping pulse energy choose and do not rely on concrete absolute pulse energy, but the thresholding that produces with conical radiation is a benchmark, this has reduced the requirement to the output intensity of laser system.
As shown in Figure 7, be behind selected pumping pulse workspace, change the intensity of seed photo-signal, the amplification situation of system, for faint seed photo-signal, the amplification of system presents favorable linearity and increases, after reaching certain thresholding, the growth of amplifying the seed photo-signal light intensity breaks away from linear.As can be seen from the figure this amplification system has good response and amplification to seed photo-signal.
As shown in Figure 8, because the zone that the pump energy that is adopted zone is excited for conical radiation, this region memory vying each other between noise and true seed photo-signal, according to experimental result, the light intensity of conical radiation its absolute strength in the close region of conical radiation generation thresholding is very little, and be similar linear growth rule with seed light, show that under the condition of pumping pulse energy abundance, the two competition can be ignored.But under high pumping light intensity condition, the competition of the two will cause reducing with non-linear of seed light enlargement factor.
The super continuous white light pulse that produces in water finally forms the chirped pulse of a series of wide spectrum owing to the chromatic dispersion of water itself and collection system optical element, and in 500～750nm scope, time discrete is 4ps.In native system, because therefore pumping pulse has the seed photo-signal of warbling and have only narrow part spectrum to be amplified by system simultaneously as the time gate of amplification process.As shown in figure 12, under certain time delay, centre wavelength is 720nm, and width is that the super continuum light spectrum of 40nm obtains amplifying, and other adjacent spectrum does not then have amplifying signal fully.Along with the increase of lag line, whole 4ps interval, the spectrum that is exaggerated moves to the visible range and ends in green glow from infrared.This cutoff wavelength is corresponding at crystal BBO
2The infrared transmission scope in the ideler frequency light wavelength that can pass through.Eliminate under the condition of chromatic dispersion in the light path in part, parameter amplifying system 10 can realize significantly that wide spectrum amplifies, and in this experimental provision, can further obtain to surpass the synchronous spectrum amplification output of 200nm.
The fluorescence of embodiment two DCM dyestuffs amplifies
Similar with the super continuous white light multiplying arrangement of embodiment one " sample is a water ", as shown in figure 13, the ultrashort laser pulse device adopts titanium sapphire femto-second laser and laser frequency doubling crystal, femto-second laser is output as centre wavelength 800nm, pulsewidth 120fs, energy 400 μ J, the infrared pulse of repetition frequency 1kHz.After this pulse collimates (or adding vacuum apertures spatial filtering) through the bundle that contracts, through BBO
1After the frequency multiplication, obtain the femtosecond pulse of wavelength 400nm, energy 70 μ J, after this femtosecond pulse process beam splitter BS beam splitting, the 400nm double frequency pulse is through hyperfine numerical control mobile platform, completely reflecting mirror M4, M5, parts such as lens L2 are handled the back and are delivered to parameter amplifying system 10 as pumping pulse.Different with embodiment one is that remaining fundamental frequency pulse is once more by frequency-doubling crystal BBO
3After, excitation pulse is used for exciting DCM dyestuff in the ethanolic solution as seed to take out the 400nm pulse.Parameter amplifying system 10 still adopts the thick bbo crystal of 1mm to amplify crystal BBO as parameter
2This crystal BBO
2First kind phase matching angle cutting with 24 °.Seed photo-signal is collected coupled system 7 and is adopted first kind of scheme (shown in a among Fig. 3), and is decayed as " seed photo-signal "; Parameter amplifying system 10 adopts the overlapping matching way of each wavelength in the conical radiation; Parameter amplifying signal detection system 11 adopts the synchronizing detection fiber spectrometer, utilizes single channel spectrometer record conical radiation and parameter amplifying signal spectrum to carry out the reference correction and measures.As shown in Figure 9, what provide is actual DCM dyestuff ethanolic solution fluorescence (parameter amplifying signal) spectrum without the reference correction that records, though can find out the fluorescence uphill process from fluorescence spectrum figure, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is very poor.Because the parameter amplifying signal is the seed light after amplifying and the stack of conical radiation, in the zone that is not covered by seed photo-signal, its intensity is exactly to measure the intensity of conical radiation constantly.With " spectral intensity of conical radiation " the different parameter amplifying signals constantly that this part area measure obtains are carried out normalizing (as shown in figure 14), just can eliminate the amplifying signal that brings because of system's fluctuation and rise and fall.
As shown in figure 10, be through the revised DCM dyestuff of reference ethanolic solution fluorescence spectrum, can see:
(1) by the reference correction, improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) to a great extent, fluorescence process is clear;
(2) system has the femtosecond time resolution ability;
(3) combine analysis with steady-state fluorescence spectrum, the spectral intensity of proof system has the favorable linearity amplification, and different wave length changes in time with fluorescence kinetics and meets;
(4) in the spectrum difference of different wave length rising edge corresponding to warbling that system causes, fine with agreement with theoretical calculation.
Claims (15)
1. one kind is carried out the method that Superfast time resolution is measured to seed photo-signal, mainly may further comprise the steps:
(1) ultrashort laser pulse that is produced by the laser pulse light source is contracted after bundle and spatial filtering system optimization select through energy adjustment, collimation, system is divided into two-way by optical beam splitting, wherein lead up to the time delay control system, lead up to conversion of parametric pump pulsed frequency and polarization control system and pumping pulse coupled system then; Seed sample is delivered to by seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system in another road, and excited sample produces seed photo-signal, and collects coupled system by seed photo-signal and collect;
(2) seed photo-signal and the pumping pulse after the collection incided on the parameter amplifying system with certain coupling angle, makes parameter amplifying system carry out ultrafast amplification with the linear amplification state to the sample seed photo-signal;
(3) utilize parameter amplifying signal detection system, finish acquisition of signal, record, reference correction successively, and the ultrafast spectral analysis and the time discrimination measurement that amplify seed photo-signal are handled, provide the relevant detection result;
(4) in parameter amplifying signal disposal system, by adjustment to the time delay control system, change the relative delay of seed photo-signal with respect to pumping pulse, make the two be in adjustable time correlation state, repeating step (3) draws the Superfast time resolution measurement result that seed light develops in time.
2. a kind of method that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described step (2), make parameter amplifying system keep the condition of linear magnifying state as follows:
1. the pumping light intensity that incides parameter amplifying system surpasses can make it produce the threshold value of conical radiation, and it is constant to keep this intensity then;
2. adjust seed light and collect the duty of coupled system, seed photo-signal is incided on the broadband nonlinear crystal of parameter amplifying system along the conical surface direction of conical radiation;
3. the adjustment by seed photo-signal is collected the coupled system state makes the seed light intensity remain on low light intensity state.
3. a kind of method that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) comprises the steps:
1. utilize synchroprobe and record cell, survey, write down the amplification seed photo-signal of parameter amplifier output simultaneously, and the conical radiation signal;
2. utilize the signal that obtains, the amplification seed signal of parameter amplifier output is carried out normalizing handle, realize the reference correction;
3. utilize the signal analysis and the metering units of synchronizing detection spectrometer, and the time delay control system, seed photo-signal carries out ultrafast spectral analysis and the time resolution metering is handled to amplifying.
4. a kind of method that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described step (3) comprises the steps:
1. utilize synchroprobe and record cell, survey, write down the amplification seed photo-signal of parameter amplifier output simultaneously, and the conical radiation signal;
2. utilize the signal that obtains, the amplification seed signal of parameter amplifier output is carried out normalizing handle, realize the reference correction;
3. utilize the signal analysis and the metering units of synchronizing detection spectrometer, and the time delay control system, seed photo-signal carries out ultrafast spectral analysis and the time resolution metering is handled to amplifying.
5. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of methods that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement, it is characterized in that: adopt one of direct probe method or ideler frequency optical probe method that the amplifying signal of parameter amplifier output is surveyed and record.
6. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described a kind of methods of seed photo-signal being carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement, it is characterized in that: described input analysis, be to finish the synchronizing detection of parametric amplifier output signal and record, reference correcting process, and the high precision spectrographic detection that amplifies seed photo-signal is measured with Superfast time resolution power by parameter amplifying signal detection system and parameter amplifying signal disposal system;
Described parameter amplifying signal detection system is amplified output by laser signal coupling unit and parameter and is joined, and is used for the amplification seed signal spectrum of synchronizing detection, the output of record parameter amplifier and is not exaggerated the conical radiation spectrum of seed signal spectrum overlay area;
Described parameter amplifying signal disposal system is used for the reference correcting process, and its input, output terminal pass through the interface circuit of oneself, are connected with the output terminal of described parameter amplifying signal detection system and the input end of optical delay system respectively.
7. as the described a kind of method that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that: described parameter amplifying signal detection system is one of following method for the recording method of the mode of spectrographic detection:
(1) mode of two-way spectrometer synchronous recording: adopt two-way hardware synchronization fiber spectrometer or imaging spectrometer+CCD, one road record is through parameter amplifying signal spectrum, another road record is not by the conical radiation spectrum of seed light covering place, as the real-time input information of revising of reference;
(2) the synchronous recording mode of Jian Huaing:, utilize conical radiation spectrum to unify the reference correction with single channel spectrometer record parameter amplifying signal spectrum.
8. realization such as claim 1～7 pair seed photo-signal carry out the device of Superfast time resolution measuring method, it is characterized in that: it comprises the laser pulse light-source system, energy adjustment, collimation contract and restraint and the spatial filtering system, the optical beam splitting system, the time delay control system, seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system, sample, seed photo-signal is collected coupled system, pumping pulse frequency transformation and polarization control system, pumping pulse coupled system, parameter amplifying system, parameter amplifying signal detection system, parameter amplifying signal disposal system; Described energy adjustment, the input end and the output terminal that collimate contract bundle and spatial filtering system are adjacent with the optical beam splitting system with the laser pulse light-source system respectively, by wherein being provided with a time delay control system in the branch road after the beam splitting of optical beam splitting system, branch road in two light paths is described seed excitation pulse frequency transformation and the polarization control system that sets gradually, sample and seed photo-signal are collected the seed excitation pulse light path of coupled system, another is the described pumping pulse frequency transformation that sets gradually and the parametric pump pulse light path of polarization control system and pumping pulse coupled system, described two light paths come together in described parameter amplifying system, and described parameter amplifying signal detection system and parameter amplifying signal disposal system are successively set on after the described parameter amplifying system.
9. a kind of device that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described time delay control system is that described time delay control system places described parametric pump pulse light path by the time delay control system of hyperfine numerical control mobile platform as control assembly.
10. a kind of device that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described time delay control system is that described time delay control system places described seed excitation pulse light path by the time delay control system of hyperfine numerical control mobile platform as control assembly.
11. as claim 8 or 9 or 10 described a kind of devices that seed photo-signal carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement, it is characterized in that: be provided with the polarizer in the seed excitation pulse light path before the described sample, the back of collecting coupled system in seed light is provided with analyzer, to realize the coherent detection of seed polarisation of light.
12. as the described a kind of device that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement of claim 8～11, it is characterized in that: it is that lens are collected coupled system that described seed light is collected coupled system, and it is lens combination or simple lens or the microcobjective composition that two lens are formed that described lens are collected coupled system.
13. as the described a kind of device that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement of claim 8～11, it is characterized in that: described seed light is collected coupled system and is collected coupled system for " total reflection convergence type ".
14. as the described a kind of device that seed photo-signal is carried out the Superfast time resolution measurement of claim 8～11, it is characterized in that: it is that optical fiber is collected coupled system that described seed light is collected coupled system, described optical fiber is collected coupled system, is made up of first lens that join successively end to end, optical fiber and second lens.
15. a kind of seed photo-signal is carried out the device that Superfast time resolution is measured as claim 8～14 is described, it is characterized in that: described parameter amplifying signal detection system is a kind of in two-way fiber spectrometer or imaging spectrometer+CCD or the single channel spectrometer.
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