CN1012690B - Generating equipment for desalination of seawater and purification of waste water - Google Patents
Generating equipment for desalination of seawater and purification of waste waterInfo
- Publication number
- CN1012690B CN1012690B CN85106310A CN85106310A CN1012690B CN 1012690 B CN1012690 B CN 1012690B CN 85106310 A CN85106310 A CN 85106310A CN 85106310 A CN85106310 A CN 85106310A CN 1012690 B CN1012690 B CN 1012690B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- seawater
- waste water
- energy exciter
- distilled water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to a low-temperature (24 DEG C to 27 DEG C) energy source exciting and distilling device which belongs to the technique of energy development and utilization and seawater (waste water) desalination (purification). The present invention enables seawater (waste water) more than 24 DEG C to automatically enter a low-pressure boiler to be evaporated, and then water steam is generated to push a steam turbine set to generate electricity. The water steam is cooled in a heat exchanger to be condensed into distilled water. The present invention can also collect various minerals in the seawater (waste water). The present invention can be used for large-size factories with the comprehensive utilization of the seawater (waste water), can be conveniently carried on ships to provide freshwater for the ships and can also be specially used for purifying the waste water and recovering or extracting various minerals.
Description
What the present invention relates to is to utilize the seawater of low temperature more than 24 ℃ or the heat energy generation steam of waste water, promotes turbine generator and rotates generating and this steam is cooled to fresh water, and can reclaim or refine the technology of the contained various mineral in the seawater (waste water).Can cheap generate electricity, desalinize seawater, purify liquid waste, and reclaim or refine various mineral.
The OTEC heating power factory of the U.S. is just at the device of research and utilization ocean temperature differential power.Its principle is: utilize warm sea water liquid (as ammonia, the propane) heating very low to boiling point of 24～27 ℃ of sea surfaces, make it vaporization; Its volume and pressure increase thereupon, thereby promote turbine blade.Gaseous ammonia (or propane) by turbine cools off the liquid that congeals into, smaller volume again in low temperature seawater.Intraductal pressure reduces.Thereby constantly the ammonia (or propane) of vaporization then can promote the continuous start of turbine, and drives generator for electricity generation.Its used low temperature seawater is to extract from 1200 meters deep-sea.But this method only is confined to utilize the thermo-electric generation of seawater, can not carry out sea water by distillation and desalination, and this low-boiling liquid forms complicated loop in pipeline.In case loop gas leakage brings the consequence that can not imagine will for environment and entire equipment.On the other hand, because metallic conduit is immersed in the seawater for a long time, can grow many organisms on the pipe, such as the crustacean of mucus and barnacle class.So just, can reduce the heat exchange action of metal tube.Go up " TRT that kills two birds with one stone " according to " knowledge is power " 1984 the 10th phases and report, in order to address these problems, U.S. expert is just replacing the lower boiling working media of this class of ammonia at the seawater of 24～27 ℃ of research and utilizations recently.Its imagination is to build a large cylinder on the sea of 24～27 ℃ of water temperatures, manages to make to form vacuum in the cylinder.So, the seawater more than 24 ℃ can seethe with excitement in this and produce a large amount of steams.Utilize this steam to promote the turbine work done and drive to generate electricity.Afterbody at turbine vacuumizes with vacuum pump again.Guaranteed that like this, just steam can constantly promote the turbine work done.Simultaneously, except that the steam of being taken away by vacuum pump, all the other all are condensed into fresh water through heat interchanger.The shortcoming of this technology mainly is in steam turbine power generation, extracting deep layer cold water needs power, and top layer hot water is sent to evaporimeter also to be needed the formation of vacuum in the power, particularly evaporimeter and keep, all work without cessation by vacuum pump, then consumption of power is bigger.Actual benefit is not high though produce steam so it has developed new forms of energy-24～27 ℃ of seawater in utilization surface, the promotion turbine generator generates electricity, and input is too many; Though can produce fresh water, constantly seethe with excitement in order to make seawater, must extract the steam in the vacuum chamber at any time out, waste very big.
Aspect the various mineral in collecting seawater, the Soviet Union has developed a kind of new equipment.Its cardinal principle is an extracting seawater in large quantities, with the different mineral of different adsorbents adsorb, is adsorbed the concentration of mineral with raising, thereby collects it.
The objective of the invention is to design a kind of lower boiling working media that neither needs, do not need vacuum pump to vacuumize yet, and can automatically compile and utilize seawater (waste water) generating more than 24 ℃, desalinize seawater simultaneously, purify liquid waste, and collect the device of various mineral in the seawater (waste water).Be that (power that needs to drop into water and extraction cooling water or enable chiller plant) develops low-temperature energy sources and freshwater source most economically, seriously polluted to alleviate world today's energy shortage, the situation that fresh water is in great shortage.This device can also be exclusively used in the purification and the processing of waste water simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has taked following measure: utilize the phenomenon and the Torricellian vacuum principle of water its boiling point step-down under the condition of low pressure, energy exciter, steam turbine, heat interchanger, distilled water transceiver are connected into a complete vacuum tank.This vacuum is the ingenious combination of two Torricellian vacuums.Be vacuum plant--low temperature (24～27 ℃) energy exciter, low temperature (24～27 ℃) distiller, be every usefulness more than 24 ℃ seawater (waste water) can both under the effect of energy exciter, enter in the energy exciter boiling continuously automatically and produce steam and promote the steam turbine generator generating, be condensed into distilled water through heat interchanger again behind this steam.Whole process is carried out in this vacuum entirely and is finished.Owing to enter constantly evaporation of seawater (waste water) in the energy exciter, temperature reduces, and concentrates to accelerate again, and proportion increases, and sinks, and when the various mineral adsorbent equipment by the bottom, contained various mineral are adsorbed and collect.Equally, be arranged on the interior absorption and the gathering-device of gutter of heat interchanger, also can adsorb and collect various mineral in large quantities.So can realize utilizing the seawater (waste water) of low-temperature energy sources more than 24 ℃ to generate electricity simultaneously and produce distilled water and collect purposes such as various mineral in the seawater (waste water).
Device of the present invention (accompanying drawing) is made up of energy exciter (1), steam turbine (7), generator (8), heat interchanger (5), distilled water transceiver (4) five major parts.Energy exciter is a big down little funnel-shaped container, and seawater (waste water) is immersed on the base, and the bottom surface communicates with seawater, and the part that exceeds the seawater plane is air tight, and can bear an atm difference.The height of container and shape depend on the installation site of Turbo-generator Set.Energy exciter emersion seawater (waste water) part must not be high less than 10 meters.The surface blacking of energy exciter is to strengthen endothermic effect.Energy exciter links to each other with the air inlet port of steam turbine with flange.Also has a seal valve (6) in the junction of energy exciter and steam turbine.The bottom of energy exciter is equipped with absorption and is collected the device (15) of various mineral.The structure of whole energy exciter can be that weldering forms (these large water tanks can make whole energy exciter avale and also can float) with angle steel (11) and steel plate (16) on several large water tanks (2).Certainly, also can be the concrete pre-stress member.Heat interchanger (5) is one and has the pumping equipment (17) that extracts the deep sea low temperature seawater and the closed container of delivering to through the seawater after the interchange of heat with the gutter (18) in the marine site of its isothermal.The device (15) that adsorbs and collect various mineral is housed in the appropriate location of gutter (18).In heat interchanger, many cooling water pipes (19) are arranged.The top of heat interchanger closely is connected with the exhaust opening of steam turbine, and its bottom also has a weep pipe (20) that enters distilled water transceiver (4).The appearance of heat interchanger is white to weaken endothermic effect.Steam turbine (7) can be the half speed turbine that atomic power station is used, it and coaxial connection of generator (8).The top of distilled water transceiver (4) closely is connected with the weep pipe of heat interchanger afterbody, and the bottom has valve (10) and communicates with fresh-water pool (3).Support (12), water tap (13).
The course of work of the present invention is as follows: allow energy exciter break away from steam turbine earlier, in water tank (2), pour water and enable the source excitation device and all sink to the water surface, close the seal valve (6) at top, manage again the water in the water tank is extracted out, enable source excitation device come-up to the operating position.At this moment, seawater (waste water) plane in the energy exciter is higher approximately 10 meters than outside seawater (waste water) plane.Because energy exciter upper space is a vacuum, so the seawater (waste water) of energy exciter endosexine more than 24 ℃ be excited immediately explosive evaporation, its evaporation rate is every square metre 25 of per second gram water at least, can change into 25 liters of steams, in energy exciter, produce 62～66 grams/(centimetre)
2Pressure.Along with the increase gradually of pressure, evaporation rate slows down, and energy exciter maritime interior waters plane descends until balance again to some extent.Be connected with steam turbine then and fill water and a kind of water insoluble at the air inlet port of steam turbine, proportion is lighter than water, and is nonpoisonous and tasteless, and vapourizing temperature is higher than 150 ℃ liquid (as flaxseed (9)) in a vacuum.Then start the suction pump of heat interchanger, the seawater of deep sea low temperature below 4 ℃ is extracted in the heat interchanger, open the valve (10) of distilled water transceiver bottom again, in the steam turbine and the water in the heat interchanger drain, and the pasta of linseed oil in the distilled water transceiver is higher 10 meters than the water surface in the fresh-water pool approximately.At this moment, whole steam turbine is interior, heat interchanger is interior and space that the distilled water transceiver is interior all is a vacuum.Next open the seal valve (6) of energy exciter, steam is just owing to the pressure in the energy exciter pours steam turbine greater than the pressure in the heat interchanger, the start of pushing turbine blade.And then, this part steam is met cold in heat interchanger, condenses into fresh water, and volume reduces, and makes the pressure in the heat interchanger be lower than the interior pressure of energy exciter all the time.Condensed fresh water directly enters the distilled water transceiver.The purpose of irritating one deck linseed oil in the transceiver is not allow the distilled water vaporization.Like this, distilled water top is keeping a constant vacuum.Such process has just realized simultaneously that utilization low-temperature energy sources exciter generates electricity seawater (waste water) more than 24 ℃ and produces two purposes of fresh water.In energy exciter, because constantly evaporation of surface seawater (waste water), temperature reduces, and concentrates to accelerate, and proportion increases, and sinks, and when the various mineral adsorbent equipment by the bottom, contained various mineral are adsorbed and collect.Equally, be arranged on the interior absorption and the gathering-device of gutter of heat interchanger, also can adsorb and collect various mineral in large quantities.When energy exciter endosexine seawater (waste water) sank, near the warm sea water on top layer (waste water) constantly entered energy exciter under atmospheric effect, kept the water level of energy exciter and constantly replenished heat energy, made whole process continue to carry out.
The present invention utilizes the water under low pressure phenomenon and the Torricellian vacuum principle of its boiling point step-down, and energy exciter, turbine, heat interchanger, distilled water transceiver are connected into a complete vacuum tank.Do not need lower boiling working media (as ammonia, propane), thereby do not have huge metal tubes, functional reliability improves greatly.Because the low-temperature energy sources exciter has adopted the way of water, can form vacuum automatically, and near the warm sea water on top layer (waste water) constantly enters energy exciter under atmospheric effect, keep the water level of energy exciter and constantly replenish heat energy, make whole process continue to carry out.So, can save top layer hot water is sent constantly into evaporimeter and two parts power consumption that must extract the steam in the vacuum chamber at any time out than the TRT that kills two birds with one stone.Thereby improved generating efficiency, reduced cost.Simultaneously can also all manufacture fresh water to the steam after the work done continuously, and collect various mineral in the seawater (waste water) in large quantities, this has improved the by-product income again.Device of the present invention can also use flexibly according to various occasion.For example: energy exciter directly is connected with heat interchanger, has just become the distiller of low temperature (seawater more than 24 ℃ (waste water) desalination (purification)).Desalinize seawater or purify liquid waste with it, than way cost cheap 14/15ths routinely.Such distiller if heat interchanger is replaced by other chiller plant again, can also make things convenient for the area on boats and ships, and electric energy and fresh water are provided for it.
Embodiments of the invention:
Energy exciter (1) is welded with angle steel (11) and boiler plate (16).114 meters in footpath, the end, height is decided with reference to the work-yard.7 meters of top diameters.The volume of bottom water tank and displacement are according to the weight design of energy exciter.This energy exciter is placed seawater (waste water) surface more than 24 ℃, calculates by every square metre of per second explosive evaporation 25 gram water, produce vapor pressure 66 grams/(centimetre)
2Calculate, selecting blade area for use is 19.625m
2Steam turbine.The pressure that can produce is 12167～12952 kilograms so.Simultaneously, again because of vaporizing liquid, volume increases, and per second produces steam 250m
3And 250m
3Steam to be 19.625m by sectional area
2Steam turbine, must produce the speed of about 13 meter per seconds.The power of turbine will reach 1600 kilowatts like this.Thus, can select the generator of power and rotating speed coupling to generate electricity.
The design consideration of heat interchanger is to be condensed into 8.6 ℃ distilled water after managing to make steam about 24 ℃ by heat interchanger.Present embodiment extracts 4 ℃ seawater as cooling water from 1000 meters deep-sea, the flow that draws water is about 1000 Kilograms Per Seconds.Can raise and select for use pumping equipment (17) to heat interchanger actual according to seawater surface thus.The size of heat interchanger should be supporting with steam turbine, and inner structure guarantees that can make the rapid condensation of steam the pressure in the heat interchanger is that principle designs less than 1/15th atmospheric pressure.The cooling water pipe (19) of the inside is preferably made flange-cooled, to increase heat exchange area.
At the appropriate location of the gutter of the bottom of energy exciter and heat interchanger, various mineral absorption and the gathering-device of selecting for use shape to be complementary respectively.The length of the gutter of heat interchanger depends on and can be discharged to isothermal layer to 8.6 ℃ seawater after interchange of heat.Like this, to prevent the convection current of seawater inside, the conservation of nature environment.The length of the distilled water weep pipe of heat interchanger bottom and shape depend primarily on the relative position of it and distilled water transceiver.This root weep pipe should be inserted into the distilled water the inside of distilled water transceiver.Inject linseed oil in the distilled water transceiver,, guarantee that upper space is constant vacuum to prevent the distilled water vaporization.Vacuum in the heat interchanger is guaranteed.The distilled water transceiver is concrete component preferably.Pond (3) is general reservoir.Open the water tap (13) in pond, can deliver to the user to distilled water.Present embodiment can obtain 1600 kilowatts electric power, each second 250 kilograms fresh water and collect various mineral in the seawater (waste water).
Claims (5)
1, the TRT of a kind of desalinization and purification of waste water, mainly form by following parts, energy exciter (1), and the steam turbine (7) that promotes by the steam of energy exciter generation, generator (8) by the steam turbine drive, by the heat interchanger (5) of cooled vapor, and store the distilled water pond (3) of condensation and the pumping equipment (17) that from the deep-sea, draws water.Wastewater drainage pipe (18) etc., it is characterized in that energy exciter is that the down big little profile of falling the infundibulate one a bottom portion of is immersed in the seawater waste water and communicates with seawater waste water, every seawater waste water that enters energy exciter in reflux course all must through below absorption of collecting various mineral and gathering-device (15) and can bear the container of an atm difference.The other end of container links to each other with the air inlet port of steam turbine (7) by the seal valve (6) that can open and close, steam after the work done is cooled to distilled water with it by the deep-sea cold water of being taken out by pumping equipment (17) in heat interchanger (5), the weep pipe (20) of distilled water by the connection heat interchanger afterbody that is installed on distilled water transceiver (4) top, center and penetrates injects distilled water transceiver (4) and flow to fresh-water pool (3) through valve (10) again, and energy exciter (1) steam turbine (7) heat interchanger (5) distilled water transceiver (4) is connected into a complete vacuum tank successively, energy exciter one end links to each other with secluding air with seawater with 10 meter water columns, distilled water transceiver one end passes to secluding air with 10 meter water columns and pond water, the seawater of the taking out gutter (18) by the other end and communicated drainage pipe behind heat interchanger can collect each " absorption and the gathering-device (15) of planting mineral enter stratosphere in the sea.
2,, it is characterized in that energy exciter (1) is to be welded with angle steel and steel plate, places on the water tank (2) according to the described device of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that energy exciter (1) is concrete pre-stress member formation and places on the water tank (2) according to the described device of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that the bottom of distilled water transceiver (4) places in the fresh-water pool (3), and have valve (10) to communicate with it according to the described device of claim 1.
5,, it is characterized in that energy exciter (1) directly is connected with interchange of heat according to the described device of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106310A CN1012690B (en) | 1985-08-15 | 1985-08-15 | Generating equipment for desalination of seawater and purification of waste water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106310A CN1012690B (en) | 1985-08-15 | 1985-08-15 | Generating equipment for desalination of seawater and purification of waste water |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85106310A CN85106310A (en) | 1986-09-03 |
| CN1012690B true CN1012690B (en) | 1991-05-29 |
Family
ID=4795000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85106310A Expired CN1012690B (en) | 1985-08-15 | 1985-08-15 | Generating equipment for desalination of seawater and purification of waste water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1012690B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1445011A (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-01 | 林茂森 | Distilling apparatus without energy consumption |
| CN104192925A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-12-10 | 江苏河海新能源有限公司 | Evaporation-condensation system and application thereof |
-
1985
- 1985-08-15 CN CN85106310A patent/CN1012690B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85106310A (en) | 1986-09-03 |
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