CN101267366A - A method and system for realizing access to private network address - Google Patents
A method and system for realizing access to private network address Download PDFInfo
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- CN101267366A CN101267366A CNA2007100735296A CN200710073529A CN101267366A CN 101267366 A CN101267366 A CN 101267366A CN A2007100735296 A CNA2007100735296 A CN A2007100735296A CN 200710073529 A CN200710073529 A CN 200710073529A CN 101267366 A CN101267366 A CN 101267366A
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Abstract
The invention provides a system capable of achieving private network address accessibility, comprising public network and private network. The system also comprises: a user name system service layer, which is superimposed on the public network for providing the present IP address searching the present called user name system and the address information user needed for the called user name system. The invention also provides a method achieving private network address accessibility. The beneficial effect of the invention is: solving a problem of private network address accessibility via the technical solution so that significantly improving NAPT technique which can enhance IPv4 address space usage factor. So that the private network address is substantially equivalent to bi-directional accessibility of the public network address and the implementing method is simple and easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network technology, the method and system of access to private network address in particularly a kind of realization network address port conversion (NetworkAddress Port Translation is called for short NAPT).
Background technology
The user mode access of soft switchcall server.Grade distinguishing from SoftSwitch is placed, roughly can divide two classes: (1) is inserted by public switch telephone network (PSTN), and SoftSwitch is positioned at tandem exchange/toll switch; (2) insert by IP network, SoftSwitch is equivalent to local end office (EO).For first kind of access way, insert by original PSTN switch, compare user side without any variation with traditional approach, there is not the IP address problem yet; For second kind of access way (comprising IP-IP, IP-PSTN etc.), the IP media user inserts by IP network, must the distributing IP address.Because the address space of Internet protocol edition 4 (IPv4) own is limited, and distributes inequality, along with Internet user's develop rapidly, the deficient situation of IP address space is more and more serious, so a large amount of private IP address that adopt such as operator, enterprise customer.The online at present according to estimates number of devices that uses the number of devices of private IP address considerably beyond the use public network IP address.
Solution IPv4 address space exhausts this problem at present two kinds of methods: a kind of is long-term method; Another kind is the method for short-term.For long-term method be exactly: adopting the bigger IP address protocol of new address space, mainly is Internet protocol edition 6 (IPv6) agreement at present.But, if adopt brand-new IPv6 agreement, so can not be directly compatible with existing IPv4 address, need global router all to upgrade, this is a very problem of difficulty.And roughly be divided into three developing stage for the short-term method:
Phase I, improve address assignment efficient, introduce technology such as subnet, super net, CIDR is selected (Classless and Subnet Address Extensions and Supernetting, be called for short CIDR) referring to RFC1519, this method is not express by improving IP address class, thereby reduces the address waste that brings because of excessive difference between A, B, the C three class addresses.
The benefit of this method is exactly that the address that increases and existing IPv4 address are in the use without any difference, but shortcoming is it only is the waste that reduces the IPv4 address, can not bring the substantial improvement of address space, the help that solution IPv4 address space is exhausted this problem is limited.
Second stage is reused by the address that the NAT method realizes, referring to RFC1631.This method is by choosing the address that some only use in private network (Stub Domain), setting up into the private network of sealing.(distribution of private network IP address is referring to RFC1918) can reuse in other private networks in IP address in the private network.When the packet of private network passes to public network, on the border, it is translated into the address of a public network, different IP address in the private network can dynamically be expressed in the address of these public networks, thereby realizes the dynamic repeated use of address.
Phase III, utilize the port of IP address to carry out private net address mapping NAPT, referring to RFC3022,, generally adopt network address translation (nat)+dynamic port translation (PAT) technology to solve the address transition problem when these private users during at the visit public network.When the private network internal unit was attempted to visit external network, the IP address transition that the NAT technology can be privately owned with it became the IP address of public network.The PAT technology can solve public network IP address problem in short supply, PAT is with private IP address+TCP/UDP port translation and be public network IP address+one a TCP/UDP port, the corresponding public network address in a plurality of privately owned addresses can be arranged like this, distinguish with different TCP/UDP ports.NAT and PAT are used simultaneously usually, are called network address port conversion (NAPT).
This method just is certain socket (IP address+TCP/UDP port) in the private network with the public network IP address port mapping of bearing mapping on the border, thereby make single public network IP address on the border can express the IP address of a plurality of private networks simultaneously, make address repeated use ability greatly increase, private network mainly is inclined to the NAPT mode that adopts at present.
In above-mentioned second stage, the described method of phase III, NAT and NATP can greatly improve the reuse capability of IP address, particularly NATP can produce a large amount of new IP address spaces on an IP address, in fact possessed the address extension function, thereby fundamentally break through the potentiality of IPv4 address space restriction, but also there are some defectives in these class methods, specifically describe referring to RFC1631, and are as follows:
The?negative?characteristics?are：
(1).It?requires?a?sparse?end-to-end?traffic?matrix.Otherwise，the?NAT?tableswill?be?large，thus?giving?lower?performance.While?the?expectation?is?thatend-to-end?traffic?matrices?are?indeed?sparse，experience?with?NAT?will?determinewhether?or?not?they?are.In?any?event，future?applications?may?require?a?rich?trafficmatrix(for?instance，distributed?resource?discovery)，thus?making?long-term?use?ofNAT?unattractive.
(2).It?increases?the?probability?of?mis-addressing.
(3).It?breaks?certain?applications(or?at?least?makes?them?more?difficult?torun).
(4).It?hides?the?identity?of?hosts.While?this?has?the?benefit?of?privacy，it?isgenerally?a?negative?effect.
(5).Problems?with?SNMP，DNS，...you?name?it.
For above-mentioned first defective, converge because the private network at edge generally all exists in the backbone network with core connects, so this is not a rigid shortcoming; And neither a very general problem for second defective and the 3rd defective, can solve by certain technical scheme; The 4th defective is a very rigid constraint, this can not directly the visit by public network of privately owned address is the fundamental property that has fundamentally changed the IP address fully, make the IP address lose perfect end-to-end characteristic, say that it helps safety in fact is an excuse, because if the IP address can directly be visited by public network, it also can adopt certain way to hide, if but can not obviously be exactly the defective of an essence by the public network transparent access.
And the 5th defective in fact also caused by the 4th defective.There is the private network closed question too in NAPT, this problem is a root problem, because other problems all is partly to influence network performance, and performance be can go in several ways improved, even as long as along with the increase of hardware handles ability, the problem of these performances just is readily solved naturally, but the private network closed question has fundamentally changed the end-to-end fundamental property in IP address.If the NAPT address can possess the accessibility the same with public network address, say that from pure theory NAPT can be with 65535 times of IPv4 address space development so, certainly consider that some keep, the restriction of utilance, and quite a few port need be used for identification service, so the ability of real space expansion can not arrive so many.Even but consider this ratio reduced by 10 times that if can be with 6000 times of IPv4 address space expansions, this also be very considerable.
Therefore, solve the subject matter that the IPv4 address space exhausts and just become to how solving the problem of above-mentioned the 4th defective, make privately owned address become picture have the address, have an end-to-end accessibility of the whole network.But in traditional ICP/IP protocol scope, need on agreement, do brand-new cataclysm (for example: adopt new IPv6 agreement) and could realize, and the present invention can just can solve this defective based on existing IPv4 agreement.And another invention " based on the user name system and the method for IP agreement " (application number: 200610063542.9) propose patent application on November 8th, 2006 to State Patent Office related to the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method and system of access to private network address among a kind of NAPT of realization.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of method that realizes access to private network address, the current IP address information of public network user and private user is registered to the user name system service layer that is superimposed in the public network,
When public network user name system user is called out private user name system user, carry out following steps:
(a), described public network user name system user is passed to described private user name system user by described user name system service layer with call request;
(b), make a call to described public network user name system user by described private user name system user, to set up needed communicating to connect;
When two or more belong to user name system user in the different private net addresses and call out mutually, carry out following steps:
(c), caller is passed to described called and transfer server by described user name system service layer with call request, and described transfer server utilizes user name system to address, and it is arranged on the public network, is managed by described user name system service layer;
(d), described calling and called both sides are jointly to the request of making a call of described transfer server, and described calling and called are bipartite to be communicated to connect to set up by described transfer server.
In a kind of method that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, described step (a) specifically comprises:
(a1), described public network user name system user inquires the current IP address of described user name system private user by described user name system service layer;
(a2), according to the current IP address that inquires described user name system private user, described user name system service layer is passed to described private user name system user with call request.
In a kind of method that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, described step (b) specifically comprises:
(b1), described private user name system user receives the next call request of described user name system service layer's forwarding;
(b2), according to the information in the described call request, make a call to described public network user name system user by described private user name system user, to set up needed communicating to connect.
In a kind of method that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, described step (c) specifically comprises:
(c1), caller inquires described called current IP address and corresponding transfer server address by described user name system service layer;
(c2), according to described called IP address that inquires and corresponding transfer server address, call request is passed to described called and transfer server.
In a kind of method that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, described public network is to use the address of existing Internet protocol edition 4 agreement to address.
The present invention also discloses a kind of system that realizes access to private network address simultaneously, comprises public network and private network, and described system also comprises:
User name system service layer, it is superimposed upon on the described public network, is used to provide the current IP address and the needed address information of described called subscriber's name system user of the current called subscriber's name system user of inquiry.
In a kind of system that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, when two or more belonged to user name system user in the different private net addresses and call out mutually, described system further comprised:
Transfer server, it is arranged on the described public network, utilizes user name system to address, and is used for providing two or more transfer Connection Service that user name system user who belongs to different private net addresses calls out mutually.
In a kind of system that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, described user name system service layer comprises address manager and distributed two-layer user name system server in the supplementary set;
Described distributed two-layer user name system server comprises rhizosphere server and subdomain server;
Address manager in the described supplementary set is used for providing concentrated, unified management to the address of described rhizosphere server and described subdomain server;
The stub that each user name system user can be by being connected with described public network, the current IP address of utilizing this stub are to the registration of described user name system service layer, registered calling subscriber can inquire called subscriber's current IP address by described user name system service layer, and then sets up directly with the called subscriber and to communicate to connect.
In a kind of system that realizes access to private network address of the present invention, described public network is based on the addressing of existing Internet protocol edition 4 agreement.
By adopting technical solution of the present invention, (UNS user is exactly UNS agreement needs to the registration of UNS service layer itself not need to increase too much resource, therefore the present invention only needs to increase transfer server) just can compatible existing ICP/IP protocol, and the ICP/IP protocol process software at all-router and Stub place does not need to revise on the network, solved this problem of access to private network address, thereby make the NAPT technology that improves IPv4 address space utilance obtain perfect greatly, make the two-way accessibility of the basic equivalent public network address of private net address, and implementation method is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention realizes the embodiment one of access to private network address;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention realizes the embodiment two of access to private network address;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that the present invention realizes access to private network address.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings below.
In general, the visit to privately owned address has four kinds of situations:
First kind, the visit in the identical private network between the privately owned address.They can directly visit mutually in this case, and existing private network agreement is all supported this situation basically.
Second kind, private net address is called out public network address.This situation also is fine, and existing private network agreement is in fact also supported this visit.
The third, public network address is called out private net address.This is that existing private network agreement is unsupported.
The 4th kind, visit mutually between the different private net addresses.This also existing private network agreement is difficult to support most.
Therefore, as long as can solve the problem of the third and the 4th kind of situation, make private net address have the end-to-end addressable character the same substantially, and the present invention addresses this problem like this with public network address:
Patent related to the present invention " based on the user name system and the method for IP agreement " (application number: be 200610063542.9) for solving existing user name system (User Name System, abbreviation DNS) system is not because of adapting to the reasons such as real-time change of IP address, thereby can not be applicable to user terminal, and only be applicable to the problem of server.And on IP network stack UNS service layer, the distributed two layers of UNS server of comprise address manager in the supplementary set in the described UNS service layer, forming by rhizosphere server and subdomain server and UNS access server etc.; Wherein each user's complete Subscriber Number by the sub-number of its user, its belonged to subdomain the subdomain number, with and belonged to rhizosphere the rhizosphere number totally three parts form.Registered calling subscriber can be by the inquiry called subscriber's of described UNS service layer current IP address, and then sets up directly with the called subscriber and to write to each other.
Therefore, after having realized the UNS user name system, UNS service layer just can write down the IP address of privately owned IP address and belonging network unit's gateway (Stub), and the present invention just can realize that privately owned address possesses the accessibility the same with having the address like this.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of system that realizes access to private network address comprises public network (c1) and private network (c2), and described system also comprises:
UNS service layer, it is superimposed upon on the described public network, is used to provide the current IP address and the needed address information of described called subscriber's name system user of the current called subscriber's name system user of inquiry, and this address information can be the IP address of transfer server.
Wherein, described UNS service layer comprises address manager and distributed two layers of UNS server in the supplementary set;
Described distributed two layers of UNS server comprise rhizosphere server and subdomain server;
Address manager in the described supplementary set is used for providing concentrated, unified management to the address of described rhizosphere server and described subdomain server;
The stub that each UNS user can be by being connected with described public network, the current IP address of utilizing this stub are to the registration of described UNS service layer, registered calling subscriber can inquire called subscriber's current IP address by described UNS service layer, and then sets up directly with the called subscriber and to communicate to connect.
As shown in Figure 2, as a further improvement on the present invention, when two or more belong to user name system user in the different private net addresses and call out mutually, a kind of system of access to private network address that realizes of the present invention can further include: transfer server, it is arranged on the described public network, utilize UNS to address, be used for providing two or more transfer Connection Service that UNS user who belongs to different private net addresses calls out mutually.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that the transfer server among the present invention can also have other purposes, for example: realize multicast or the like.
In above-mentioned, public network is to use the address of existing IPv4 to address.
Therefore, this networking mode of the present invention makes the NAPT address can possess the accessibility the same with public network address, finally can be with the multiple of IPv4 address space expansion IPv4 address space.If compatible existing ICP/IP protocol, and adopt the words of port mapping method, say that from pure theory NAPT can be with 65535 times of IPv4 address space development so, certainly consider that some keep, the restriction of utilance, and quite a few port need be used for identification service, so the ability of real space expansion can not arrive so many.Even but consider this ratio reduced by 10 times that if can be with 6000 times of IPv4 address space expansions, this also be very objective.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of method that realizes private net address visit among the NAPT mainly may further comprise the steps:
S1 is registered to the UNS service layer that is superimposed among the public network c1 with public network (c1) user and private network (c2) user's current IP address information.
S2 judges whether to be public network UNS customer call private network UNS user.If, execution in step S3 (as shown in Figure 1) then, otherwise this row step S4.
S3, public network UNS user are (for example: the UNS1 user among Fig. 1) by UNS service layer, (for example: the current IP address UNS2 user among Fig. 1) inquire described UNS private user.
S4, according to the current IP address that inquires described UNS private user, described UNS service layer is passed to described private network UNS user with call request.
S5, described private network UNS user make a call to described public network UNS user according to the call request information that receives.
S6, described private network UNS user and described public network UNS user set up needed communicating to connect.
S7, when two or more belong to UNS user in the different private net addresses and call out mutually (for example: a UNS2 user among Fig. 2 to another UNS2 customer call time), caller inquires described called current IP address and corresponding transfer server address by described UNS service layer.
S8 according to described called IP address that inquires and corresponding transfer server address, is passed to described called and transfer server with call request.
S9, described calling and called both sides are jointly to the request of making a call of described transfer server, and described calling and called are bipartite to be communicated to connect to set up by described transfer server.
In sum, by adopting technical solution of the present invention, (UNS user is exactly UNS agreement needs to the registration of UNS service layer itself not need to increase too much resource, therefore the present invention only needs to increase transfer server) just can compatible existing ICP/IP protocol, and the ICP/IP protocol process software at all-router and Stub place does not need to revise on the network, solved this problem of access to private network address, thereby make the NAPT technology that improves IPv4 address space utilance obtain perfect greatly, make the two-way accessibility of the basic equivalent public network address of private net address, and implementation method is simple.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a method that realizes access to private network address is characterized in that, the current IP address information of public network user and private user is registered to the user name system service layer that is superimposed in the public network,
When public network user name system user is called out private user name system user, carry out following steps:
(a), described public network user name system user is passed to described private user name system user by described user name system service layer with call request;
(b), make a call to described public network user name system user by described private user name system user, to set up needed communicating to connect;
When two or more belong to user name system user in the different private net addresses and call out mutually, carry out following steps:
(c), caller is passed to described called and transfer server by described user name system service layer with call request, and described transfer server utilizes user name system to address, and it is arranged on the public network, is managed by described user name system service layer;
(d), described calling and called both sides are jointly to the request of making a call of described transfer server, and described calling and called are bipartite to be communicated to connect to set up by described transfer server.
2. a kind of method that realizes access to private network address according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (a) specifically comprises:
(a1), described public network user name system user inquires the current IP address of described user name system private user by described user name system service layer;
(a2), according to the current IP address that inquires described user name system private user, described user name system service layer is passed to described private user name system user with call request.
3. a kind of method that realizes access to private network address according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described step (b) specifically comprises:
(b1), described private user name system user receives the next call request of described user name system service layer's forwarding;
(b2), according to the information in the described call request, make a call to described public network user name system user by described private user name system user, to set up needed communicating to connect.
4. a kind of method that realizes access to private network address according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step (c) specifically comprises:
(c1), caller inquires described called current IP address and corresponding transfer server address by described user name system service layer;
(c2), according to described called IP address that inquires and corresponding transfer server address, call request is passed to described called and transfer server.
5. a kind of method that realizes access to private network address according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described public network and private network all are to use the address of existing Internet protocol edition 4 agreement to address.
6. a system that realizes access to private network address comprises public network and private network, it is characterized in that, described system also comprises:
User name system service layer, it is superimposed upon on the described public network, is used to provide the current IP address and the needed address information of described called subscriber's name system user of the current called subscriber's name system user of inquiry.
7. a kind of system that realizes access to private network address according to claim 6 is characterized in that, when two or more belonged to user name system user in the different private net addresses and call out mutually, described system further comprised:
Transfer server, it is arranged on the described public network, utilizes user name system to address, and is used for providing two or more transfer Connection Service that user name system user who belongs to different private net addresses calls out mutually.
8. a kind of system that realizes access to private network address according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described user name system service layer comprises address manager and distributed two-layer user name system server in the supplementary set;
Described distributed two-layer user name system server comprises rhizosphere server and subdomain server;
Address manager in the described supplementary set is used for providing concentrated, unified management to the address of described rhizosphere server and described subdomain server;
First gateway that each user name system user can be by being connected with described public network, the current IP address of utilizing this yuan gateway are to the registration of described user name system service layer, registered calling subscriber can inquire called subscriber's current IP address by described user name system service layer, and then sets up directly with the called subscriber and to communicate to connect.
9. according to each described a kind of system that realizes access to private network address of claim 6-8, it is characterized in that described public network is based on the addressing of existing Internet protocol edition 4 agreement.
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| CNA2007100735296A CN101267366A (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2007-03-15 | A method and system for realizing access to private network address |
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| CNA2007100735296A CN101267366A (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2007-03-15 | A method and system for realizing access to private network address |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102291333A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2011-12-21 | 袁明 | Communication system and method based on distributed information exchange device |
| CN103391335A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-13 | 北京市翌晨通信技术研究所 | Network communication method for accessing to IP private network directly |
| CN106941527A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-11 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | Shifting method and its system in a kind of data transfer |
| CN112887452A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中星科源(北京)信息技术有限公司 | Communication method and system between local area networks and NAT gateway |
-
2007
- 2007-03-15 CN CNA2007100735296A patent/CN101267366A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102291333A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2011-12-21 | 袁明 | Communication system and method based on distributed information exchange device |
| CN103391335A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-13 | 北京市翌晨通信技术研究所 | Network communication method for accessing to IP private network directly |
| CN106941527A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-11 | 网宿科技股份有限公司 | Shifting method and its system in a kind of data transfer |
| CN112887452A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-01 | 中星科源(北京)信息技术有限公司 | Communication method and system between local area networks and NAT gateway |
| CN112887452B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-11-04 | 中星科源(北京)信息技术有限公司 | Communication method and system between local area networks and NAT gateway |
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