CN101265699A - Viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section design method and its uses - Google Patents
Viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section design method and its uses Download PDFInfo
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- CN101265699A CN101265699A CNA200810044388XA CN200810044388A CN101265699A CN 101265699 A CN101265699 A CN 101265699A CN A200810044388X A CNA200810044388X A CN A200810044388XA CN 200810044388 A CN200810044388 A CN 200810044388A CN 101265699 A CN101265699 A CN 101265699A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of a viscous mud-flow triangle base drainage canal optimum hydraulic section and the application thereof. The invention aims at the disadvantages in the prior art that the calculation method of the drainage canal optimum hydraulic section in the triangle base drainage canal design is complicated and no unique definite value can be obtained. The invention provides the design method of the viscous mud-flow triangle base drainage canal optimum hydraulic section. The method includes the following steps: calculating the size parameter F and the characteristic parameter S of the drainage canal optimum hydraulic section; then calculating the drainage canal hydraulic radius R; and finally the width W and the depth H of the optimum hydraulic section. The method is applicable to the control of the viscous mud-flow and coordinate use with other backbone type blocking projects. Compared with the prior art, the method can reasonably determine the shape and the size of the triangle base drainage canal optimum hydraulic section with unique definite value of the calculation result, effective, rapid and convenient calculation, thereby being applicable to the practical engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of debris flow drainage groove method for designing, particularly relate to a kind of method for designing and application thereof of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section.
Background technology
Mud-rock flow is Chinese mountain area, especially a kind of geological disaster of Southwest China mountain area extensive development, have take place suddenly, last of short duration, break with tremendous force, favourable opposition is become silted up, the extremely strong characteristics of destructive power, often destroying by rush of water becomes silted up buries railway, highway, station, cities and towns, factory, mine, stockaded village and water conservancy projects etc., has seriously hindered the sustainable development that mountain area economy is built.So press for mud-rock flow is prevented and treated, to ensure the sustainable development of mountain area economy.
In the prophylactico-therapeutic measures of mud-rock flow, drainage groove at the bottom of the triangle because have that engineering structures is simple, prevention effect good, gather materials on the spot, construction and easy to maintenance, characteristics such as life cycle is long, cost is low, be to prevent and treat one of the most widely used engineering measure in the mud-stone flow disaster at present, especially in the regulation of mud-rock flows such as highway, railway, cities and towns, mine, preferentially adopted.
The discharge capacity of drainage groove should adapt to the mud-rock flow of certain flow and density at the bottom of the triangle, and the longitudinal gradient of such drainage groove and cross dimension can have a lot of assembled schemes, can satisfy the needs of design discharge, but the design of major part wherein and uneconomical.Therefore, the debris flow drainage groove optimum hydraulic section determines it is that the drainage groove designer wishes the effectively key issue of solution always.Optimum section is meant at longitudinal gradient I, roughness coefficien n and design discharge Q one regularly, and the section of flow section area A minimum or hydraulic radius R maximum is promptly with the area of passage of the minimum drainage groove section by design discharge.Drainage groove optimum hydraulic section size characteristic is determined by the drainage groove cross section width and the degree of depth.
In actual engineering design, the longitudinal river slope value of drainage groove often is subjected to the restriction of orographic condition, and the leeway of selection is little, also is that the longitudinal river slope value of drainage groove usually can be at first definite according to orographic condition.Therefore, how at the bottom of trying to achieve triangle fast, easily under the situation that the longitudinal river slope value is determined drainage groove optimum hydraulic section size just seem even more important in actual applications.
Fei Xiangjun, in " mud-rock flow movement mechanism and diaster prevention and control " book that Shu Anping showed, disclosing the section side slope is that the shape and the concrete size in drainage groove cross section calculated at the bottom of 2 the triangle, at first determine the optimum section shape factor, calculate mean flow rate and hydraulic radius then, unite by the linear equation in two unknowns formula again and find the solution, obtain the concrete numerical value of the cross section width and the degree of depth.But there is significant deficiency in these computational methods, promptly uniting when finding the solution, can not obtain unique determined value, and computational methods are loaded down with trivial details, and are not easy.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method for designing of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section is provided, this method not only can rationally be determined the shape and size of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the triangle, drainage groove has maximum discharge capacity at the bottom of making triangle, and result of calculation is uniquely to determine to separate, computational methods are effectively easy, adapt to actual requirement of engineering.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: cross dimension parameter and cross sectional feature parameter when determining maximum earial drainage; Calculate hydraulic radius; Calculate maximum earial drainage cross section critical size well width, groove depth three parts composition.At first definite optimum hydraulic section size parameter and optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter fall in the horizontal wall inscription ratio by drainage groove at the bottom of the triangle; Then according to mud-rock flow design discharge, mud-rock flow volume than 10% particle on silt concertation, the grading curve than being that the longitudinal river slope of little particle diameter, bottom land and optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter calculate the corresponding hydraulic radius of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the triangle; Calculate the width and the degree of depth of optimum hydraulic section at last than optimum hydraulic section size parameter, optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter, the hydraulic radius of falling and trying to achieve successively according to horizontal wall inscription.
The method for designing step of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the optimum hydraulic section size parameter F and the optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S of drainage groove at the bottom of the calculating triangle;
During the maximum earial drainage of drainage groove, by deriving, the design formulas that obtains optimum hydraulic section size parameter F and optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S is as follows at the bottom of the triangle:
In the formula: I
cThe horizontal wall inscription of drainage groove ratio falls at the bottom of-the triangle, and it is defined as I
C=2 Δ H/W (employing absolute value),
Arrange ground actual landform feature value according to drainage groove in the engineering, span is between 0.1～10;
F-optimum hydraulic section size parameter;
S-optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter.
The formula that obtains according to derivation 1. and 2. as can be known, optimum hydraulic section size parameter F at the bottom of the triangle during the maximum earial drainage of drainage groove and optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S only fall I with the horizontal wall inscription ratio of drainage groove
CRelevant.
(2) the corresponding hydraulic radius R of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the calculating triangle;
The corresponding hydraulic radius R of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the triangle, calculate with following formula by deriving:
In the formula: the corresponding hydraulic radius of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the R-triangle, the m of unit;
Q-mud-rock flow design discharge, the m of unit
3/ s tries to achieve by general investigation or computational methods;
C
v-mud-rock flow volume is determined by field investigation than silt concertation;
D
1010% particle is than being little particle diameter on the-grading curve, and the mm of unit is by sample analysis is definite on the spot;
The longitudinal river slope of I-bottom land adopts absolute value, determines according to the concrete topographic features of reality;
Other symbols are with the front unanimity in the formula.
(3) width W and the depth H of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the calculating triangle;
Drainage groove optimum hydraulic section width W and depth H at the bottom of the triangle, by inquiring into, calculate with following formula:
In the formula: the width of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the W-triangle, the m of unit;
The degree of depth of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the H-triangle, the m of unit;
Other symbols are with the front unanimity in the formula.
Will by 1., 2. the optimum hydraulic section size parameter F that tries to achieve of formula and the value of optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S, and 3. at the bottom of the formula triangle of trying to achieve the value substitution of the corresponding hydraulic radius R of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section 4., 5. formula, can directly calculate viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum cross dimensions W, H.
In actual engineering design, because the orographic condition more complicated, I falls in the horizontal wall inscription ratio of drainage groove
CTend to change within the specific limits, in case change, with the I after the change
CThe value substitution 1., 2. formula is tried to achieve corresponding F, S, repeats width W and depth H that above-mentioned steps can be tried to achieve change back drainage groove optimum hydraulic section.
Viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section design method of the present invention is applied to severe more than or equal to 20KN/m
3, particle diameter is less than the control greater than 1% viscous mud-flow of the clay content of 0.005mm.According to mud-rock flow spot site contour feature and ambient conditions; when object of protection is important; in the engineering except that drainage groove at the bottom of the triangle that uses the present invention's design; can also in catchment basin of debris flow middle and upper reaches raceway groove, arrange the key type of the 3-5 seat engineering of blocking, be used with drainage groove according to described drainage groove hydraulic optimum section design method design.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the shape and size that can rationally determine drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the triangle, drainage groove has maximum discharge capacity at the bottom of making triangle, and result of calculation is uniquely to determine to separate, computational methods are effectively fast and convenient, adapt to actual requirement of engineering.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross section sectional view of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section.
Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional view of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section.
Number in the figure is as follows:
The width of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the W triangle
The degree of depth of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the H triangle
The Δ H bottom land degree of depth
I bottom land longitudinal river slope
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described.
Embodiment one
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.The shape and size of viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section are determined by the value of drainage groove width W and drainage groove depth H.
The Olive Dam sand furrow is downstream, a Jinsha jiang River right bank one-level Zhigou, and its drainage area is 6.98km
2, main channel length 5.32km, tap drain bed average gradient 230 ‰, exit or entrance of a clitch height above sea level 675m, the highest height above sea level 2387m, basin relative relief 1712m.This ditch is one and breaks out the higher disastrous debris flow gully of frequency, and mud-rock flow once repeatedly took place, and the bridge at the exit or entrance of a clitch, arable land, highway etc. are caused serious harm.
According to the field investigation analysis, this gully mud-rock flow is a viscosity, and severe is 2.25t/m
3, corresponding volume ratio silt concertation C
V=0.74.Calculate design standard P by the hydrology
2%Mud-rock flow flow Q=173.0m
3/ s, D in the mud-rock flow particle composition is analyzed in field investigation
10=0.01mm.In order to alleviate, eliminate mud-stone flow disaster, intend arranging 1 debris flow drainage groove between the exit or entrance of a clitch to the main river after this basin goes out the mountain pass.According to the landform that goes out downstream accumulation area behind the mountain pass, the longitudinal gradient I=0.12 of drainage groove according to physical condition, selects to adopt drainage groove at the bottom of the triangle, and I falls in the horizontal wall inscription ratio
CBe taken as 0.2.The size of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the design triangle below.
At first I is fallen in the horizontal wall inscription ratio
C=0.2 substitution 1., the optimum hydraulic section size parameter F=4.10 when 2. trying to achieve maximum earial drainage cross section in the formula, optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S=7.36.With 3. formula of S=7.36 and above-mentioned other parameter substitution, find the solution and obtain the corresponding hydraulic radius R=1.57m of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the triangle.With F, S, R and I
CThe value substitution 4., 5. formula, can try to achieve W=6.29m, H=2.58m.Therefore, can obtain that the width of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section is 6.29m at the bottom of this ditch triangle, degree of depth 2.58m.
Embodiment two
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.The one-level Zhigou Temple of the Dragon King ditch of upstream, Dadu River, Sichuan right bank, its drainage area F=0.66km
2, main channel length 2.20km, tap drain bed average gradient 0.369, basin relative relief 940m.This ditch possesses landform, bulk materials and the water condition that mud-rock flow breaks out, and is a disastrous old debris flow gully, and mud-rock flow once repeatedly took place in history, and the road at the exit or entrance of a clitch, house etc. are caused serious harm.According to the field investigation analysis, this gully mud-rock flow is a viscosity, and severe is 2.00t/m
3, corresponding volume ratio silt concertation C
VBe 0.61.Calculate design standard P by the hydrology
2%Mud-rock flow flow Q be 45.0m
3/ s, field sampling analyze D in the mud-rock flow particle composition
10=0.05mm.In order to alleviate, eliminate mud-stone flow disaster, intend in the middle and upper reaches tap drain road in this basin, laying 3 check dams, arrange 1 drainage groove between the exit or entrance of a clitch after going out the mountain pass to the Dadu River.According to the actual landform condition that goes out downstream accumulation area behind the mountain pass, select to adopt drainage groove at the bottom of the triangle, the longitudinal gradient I=0.07 of drainage groove, I falls in the horizontal wall inscription ratio
CBe taken as 0.33.The size of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the design triangle below.
At first I is fallen in the horizontal wall inscription ratio
C=0.33 substitution 1., the optimum hydraulic section size parameter F=2.19 when 2. trying to achieve maximum earial drainage cross section in the formula, optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S=7.10.With 3. formula of S=7.10 and above-mentioned other parameter substitution, obtain the corresponding hydraulic radius R=1.39m of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the triangle, with F, S, R and I
CThe value substitution 4., 5. formula, obtain the width W=5.56m of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of this ditch triangle, depth H=2.01m, thereby determine drainage groove transverse shape and size.
Embodiment three
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.The place identical with embodiment two be repeated description no longer, and difference is: lay 5 check dams in the middle and upper reaches tap drain road in this basin.
Claims (3)
1. viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section design method, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic optimum section design method step is as follows:
(1) the optimum hydraulic section size parameter F and the optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter S of drainage groove at the bottom of the calculating triangle, calculating formula is as follows:
In the formula: I
cThe horizontal wall inscription of drainage groove ratio falls at the bottom of-the triangle, arranges ground actual landform feature value according to drainage groove;
F-optimum hydraulic section size parameter;
S-optimum hydraulic section characteristic parameter;
(2) the corresponding hydraulic radius R of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the calculating triangle, calculating formula is as follows:
In the formula: the corresponding hydraulic radius of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the R-triangle, the m of unit;
Q-mud-rock flow design discharge, the m of unit
3/ s tries to achieve by general investigation or computational methods;
C
v-mud-rock flow volume is determined by field investigation than silt concertation;
D
1010% particle is than being little particle diameter on the-grading curve, and the mm of unit is by sample analysis is definite on the spot;
The longitudinal river slope of I-bottom land adopts absolute value, determines according to the actual landform situation;
Other symbols are with the front unanimity;
(3) width W and the depth H of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the calculating triangle, calculating formula is as follows:
In the formula: the width of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the W-triangle, the m of unit;
The degree of depth of drainage groove optimum hydraulic section at the bottom of the H-triangle, the m of unit;
Other symbols are with the front unanimity.
2. viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section design method according to claim 1, be applied to: severe is more than or equal to 20KN/m
3, particle diameter is less than the control greater than 1% viscous mud-flow of the clay content of 0.005mm.
3. according to the application of the described viscous mud-stone flow triangle bottom guide groove hydraulic optimum section design method of claim 2, it is characterized in that: in catchment basin of debris flow middle and upper reaches raceway groove, arrange the key type of the 3-5 seat engineering of blocking, be used with drainage groove according to described drainage groove hydraulic optimum section design method design.
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| CN102002927A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-04-06 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Compound mud-rock flow discharge and guide trough |
| CN102011356A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-13 | 陈洪凯 | Curved subgrade protection structure for controlling floods and debris flow |
| CN102162229A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-08-24 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Sediment storage dam for protecting against large-scale low-frequency debris flow |
| WO2012088775A1 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Preventing and controlling method for main river transport controlling debris flow |
| CN104631378A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Viscous debris flow rectangular drainage groove depth measuring and calculating method and application |
| CN104895013A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Calculation method for design longitudinal shrinking slope of ladder-pool debris flow drainage groove and application |
| CN105178255A (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Measuring and calculating method for length of deep pool segment of step-deep pool type debris flow drainage canal |
| CN106087783A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-09 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of mud-rock flow district U-shaped culvert hydraulic fracture sizing method |
| CN106638454A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-10 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | Method for calculating flow velocity of V-shaped drainage groove of viscous debris flow |
| WO2020147550A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Shaped cross-section test water chute design method and application thereof |
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- 2008-05-12 CN CN200810044388XA patent/CN101265699B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
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| CN102002927A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-04-06 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Compound mud-rock flow discharge and guide trough |
| CN102002927B (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Compound mud-rock flow discharge and guide trough |
| CN102011356A (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-04-13 | 陈洪凯 | Curved subgrade protection structure for controlling floods and debris flow |
| WO2012088775A1 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Preventing and controlling method for main river transport controlling debris flow |
| CN102162229A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-08-24 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Sediment storage dam for protecting against large-scale low-frequency debris flow |
| CN104631378A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-20 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Viscous debris flow rectangular drainage groove depth measuring and calculating method and application |
| CN104895013A (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2015-09-09 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Calculation method for design longitudinal shrinking slope of ladder-pool debris flow drainage groove and application |
| CN104895013B (en) * | 2015-06-11 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | The design longitudinal river slope measuring method of ladder-pool type debris flow drainage groove and application |
| CN105178255A (en) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Measuring and calculating method for length of deep pool segment of step-deep pool type debris flow drainage canal |
| CN106087783A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-11-09 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of mud-rock flow district U-shaped culvert hydraulic fracture sizing method |
| CN106087783B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2018-08-21 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of U-shaped culvert hydraulic fracture sizing method in mud-rock flow area |
| CN106638454A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-10 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | Method for calculating flow velocity of V-shaped drainage groove of viscous debris flow |
| CN106638454B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | Method for calculating flow velocity of V-shaped drainage groove of viscous debris flow |
| WO2020147550A1 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-23 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Shaped cross-section test water chute design method and application thereof |
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