CN101257265B

CN101257265B - Piezoelectric drive device and electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN101257265B
Application number: CN2008100826285A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 长尾昭一
Original assignee: Seiko Epson Corp
Current assignee: Seiko Epson Corp
Priority date: 2007-03-01
Filing date: 2008-02-27
Publication date: 2012-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2028-02-27
Also published as: JP5245355B2; CN101257265A; DE602008001385D1; JP2008245505A

Abstract

The invention provides a piezoelectric drive device and electronic equipment, when the piezoelectric drive device drives the rotary body by the vibration of the piezoelectric element, the rotary body can be driven in the low power. The piezoelectric drive device has a piezoelectric actuator (4) having the piezoelectric element (22) and a rotor (30) that is rotated by the piezoelectric element (22); a disk spring (50) for storing the driving force of the piezoelectric actuator as the elastic energy; a second rotor drive gear (60) rotating through the elastic energy stored in the disk spring (50). When the piezoelectric actuator starts, the drive force of the piezoelectric actuator is stored as the elastic energy to be stored, then the second rotor drive gear (60) starts rotating, so the piezoelectric actuator (4) can not bear the load generated by the second rotor drive gear (60), the pointer wheel (3) and the inertial moment of the pointer (2), which reduces the load when starting, thereby driving the piezoelectric actuator in the low power.

Description

Piexoelectric actuator and electronic equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to have the Piexoelectric actuator and the electronic equipment of piezoelectric actuator.

Background technology

In the past, the known ultrasonic driving apparatus that has use not to be vulnerable to the piezoelectric element of influence of magnetic field, and with its drive unit (for example, with reference to patent documentation 1) as the clock and watch pointer that drives clock and watch etc.

The ultrasonic driving apparatus of record constitutes and has in the patent documentation 1: the vibrating body that has engaged piezoelectric element; Along with the vibration of this vibrating body at the rotor rotated body that makes progress in week; And give make pressing force that this vibrating body and rotor block crimping be provided with by pressing spring, the clock and watch pointer rotates through the rotation of rotor block.

Patent documentation 1: japanese kokai publication hei 10-290579 communique

But; In the ultrasonic driving apparatus that above-mentioned patent documentation 1 is put down in writing; Making ultrasonic driving apparatus when halted state is started, when vibrating body being applied high frequency voltage (drive signal), rotor block begins rotation; But before rotor block arrives predetermined rotating speed, need the time (accelerating period) to a certain degree.The moment of inertia of clock and watch pointer etc. is big more, and this accelerating period is long more.For example; Under the situation that is disposing the deceleration train that the rotating speed that is used to make rotor block reduces between rotor block and the clock and watch pointer; Moment of inertia with respect to rotor block; The moment of inertia of train and clock and watch pointer is bigger, for example sometimes rotor block and deceleration train and clock and watch pointer moment of inertia altogether for only being that tens of times of moment of inertia of rotor block are to more than the hundreds of times.

In addition, constitute sometimes between rotor and clock and watch pointer the speedup train is set, even the little clock and watch pointer movement predetermined angular that also can make of the anglec of rotation of feasible rotor.For example, there is rotation through rotor 2 degree that second hand is passed by to be equivalent to the situation of 1 second 6 degree angles.Under the situation of speedup train, moment of inertia is bigger than the situation of deceleration train, and the accelerating time is also longer.

Like this, moment of inertia depends on the for example structure and the form of train and pointer.And under the big situation of moment of inertia, the accelerating period of rotor block is elongated, and the time that applies drive signal to vibrating body (oscillator) is elongated, so the problem that exists the consumed power of ultrasonic driving apparatus to increase.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide when the vibratory drive of utilizing oscillator is rotated body and can drive Piexoelectric actuator, clock and watch and the electronic equipment that is rotated body with low-power.

Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention is characterised in that it has: piezoelectric actuator, and it has: have the oscillator of piezoelectric element and pass through this oscillator and rotor rotated; Elastic device, it can be accumulated the energy of rotation of said rotor as elastic energy; And being rotated body, it rotates through the elastic energy of in this elastic device, being accumulated.

Here, vibrate, and the rotor rotation is got final product through this vibration as long as oscillator constitutes through applying drive signal at least to piezoelectric element.For example, thus oscillator can constitute and makes piezoelectric element self vibration make the rotor rotation, makes range upon range of tabular piezoelectric element with the component vibration that stiffener forms rotor rotated thereby also can constitute.In addition; As being rotated body; So long as through elastic device transmit the rotation of rotor, the parts that again rotation are passed to the target rotation thing get final product; For example, can be the rotor travelling gear that in the rotation bang path of target rotation thing such as from the rotor to the pointer, disposes, escape wheel, driven pulley etc., also can be to have and the rotor travelling gear of rotor common axis of rotation ground configuration, swing pinion etc.

Have, above-mentioned energy of rotation comprises revolving force etc. again, and elastic energy comprises elastic force etc.

Here, come the characteristic of the piezoelectric actuator that uses is in the present invention described according to the curve chart in Fig. 1～5.

In the curve chart of Fig. 1, represent the relation of torque (load) that piezoelectric actuator and common electrical magnet motor produced and rotating speed and torque and power respectively.Shown in the solid line in the curve chart of Fig. 1, the same with general electromagnetic motor between the torque T and rotational speed N that piezoelectric actuator produced, have such relation: the more little rotational speed N of torque T is high more, and torque T is big more, and rotational speed N is more little.In addition, in electromagnetic motor, shown in the dotted line among Fig. 1; Usually drive required power W and increase with torque T, relative therewith, in piezoelectric actuator; Shown in the single-point among Fig. 1 line, drive required power W influence and the constant of torque suspension T hardly.More than such characteristic represent the situation of schematic illustration, in fact it is accompanied by variation.

In addition, in the curve chart of Fig. 2, being illustrated in certain is that the moment N of power makes the relation of time t and the angular speed V of time spent in the general rigid body of center rotation.Here, act on the moment N of the power on the rigid body, the angular acceleration β through its generation, and the moment of inertia I of rigid body between the relation relation that is generally N=I β set up.That is, under the identical situation of the moment N of power, moment of inertia I is big more, and β is more little for angular acceleration.In other words, moment of inertia I is big more, and the time that arrives predetermined angle speed V0 is long more.For example, moment of inertia I different rigid body A, B are being arranged, moment of inertia IA separately, IB are IA: IB=1: under the situation of 2 relation, the angular acceleration β A of rigid body A, B, β B are β A: β B=2: 1 relation.Shown in the solid line in the curve chart of Fig. 2, the slope of the rigid body A that moment of inertia I is little precipitous (angular speed V rate of change become big), if the time t that arrives predetermined angle speed V0 is compared, then the required time tB of rigid body B is 2 times of required time tA of rigid body A.The mobile preset distance of this expression (the predetermined anglec of rotation) the required time need be 2 times of rigid body A in rigid body B.

In the present invention, be conceived to effect, and this effect is described below based on the characteristic of the rigid body of the influence that receives such moment of inertia I.

About the key property of the piezoelectric actuator among the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, suppose torque (load torque) T1 that is produced, according to rotational speed N 1 and the consumed power W1 derivation of this moment.In addition, in Fig. 4, time t and the relation of rotational speed N of expression piezoelectric actuator when halted state is started.Becoming after the piezoelectric element of piezoelectric actuator is supplied with the state (signal ON) of drive signal, rotational speed N begins to increase, and after arriving predetermined rotational speed N 1, the supply of drive signal stops (signal OFF).Arriving rotational speed N 1 required time (accelerating period) t1 changes with moment of inertia I.For example; In clock and watch; Under the situation of the deceleration train that disposes the rotational speed N that is used to reduce rotor between rotor and the pointer; With respect to the moment of inertia of rotor, the moment of inertia of deceleration train and pointer is bigger, exists rotor and deceleration train and pointer moment of inertia altogether for only being tens of times of situation about arriving more than the hundreds of times of the moment of inertia of rotor.Rotor and deceleration train and pointer moment of inertia altogether for example depend on the structure and the form of deceleration train and pointer; Moment of inertia is big more, and the accelerating period t1 of rotor is long more, thus; Because supply with the time of drive signal to oscillator elongated, so the consumed power of Piexoelectric actuator increases.

Relative therewith; According to the present invention; Make piezoelectric actuator when halted state is started; Owing to be provided with elastic device from rotor to being rotated the side,, reduced to be rotated the amount of body or target rotation thing through the moment of inertia of the direct part of rotating of piezoelectric actuator so the bigger target rotation things such as body or pointer that are rotated of moment of inertia directly do not rotate through piezoelectric actuator.That is, elastic device begins strain in the rotor rotation, and the energy of rotation of rotor is accumulated as the elastic energy of elastic device.Then, arrive size of being scheduled to and the moment that arrives predetermined timing, be rotated body and target rotation thing and begin rotation in the elastic energy of being accumulated.Therefore, can make rotor arrive desired speed, and arrive predetermined regularly before, the influence that is rotated the moment of inertia of body and target rotation thing can not affact on the rotor.Like this, therefore as shown in Figure 4 owing to can reduce to act on the moment of inertia I on the piezoelectric actuator, can shorten the accelerating period t1 of rotor, when starting, can make the rotational speed N of rotor reach desired speed N1 at short notice.Therefore, under the situation that makes target rotation thing rotation predetermined angular, can shorten the driving time of piezoelectric actuator, also shorten so supply with the time of drive signal, startability improves, and can drive with low-power.

In addition; Under the situation that makes target rotation thing rotation predetermined angular; If make rotor rotation predetermined angular, then can pass through the elastic energy accumulated, use the time longer to make to be rotated body and rotate with the target rotation thing than the rotational time of rotor; Even, also can make to be rotated body and to rotate to predetermined angular so piezoelectric actuator is stopped in the moment that makes rotor rotate predetermined angular.

Have again, in the present invention, as stated,, got rid of of the influence of the later moment of inertia that is rotated body or target rotation thing of elastic device, can improve startability rotor through elastic device is set.On the other hand, because the elastic energy of elastic device also is applied on the static rotor, so the masterpiece that applies from elastic device is the new load generating influence to rotor starting property.But, illustrated as follows, little through the elastic energy applied force of elastic device to the influence of the rotation startability of rotor.

That is,, dynamic load and static load are arranged as the load that is applied on the piezoelectric actuator.Therefore, the viewpoint that has above-mentioned " can shorten the driving time and the drive signal service time of piezoelectric actuator, startability raises, and can drive with low consumpting power " such action effect from any load is studied.

Dynamic load is the load that under the acceleration environment of disturbing etc., produces based on the moment of inertia of driven object, and static load is the load that the counter-force of the such elastic device of friction, air drag, the present invention because of driven object etc. produces.

In piezoelectric actuator, the influence of above-mentioned dynamic load is bigger than the influence of static load.Particularly impetus situation about well driven object being driven is (for example at short notice at piezoelectric actuator; In moment pointer is driven under the situation of 1 step size) under; The influence of above-mentioned moment of inertia is big, and the degree of influence of the static load that produces through above-mentioned elastic device etc. is little.This confirmed in the experiment that the inventor carried out.

Therefore, in the present invention, make the influence of the moment of inertia in its downstream can not feed through to piezoelectric actuator through elastic device, compare, can present above-mentioned action effect with the situation of not using elastic device of the present invention.

The influence to the piezoelectric actuator characteristic that load produced of elastic device is described according to Fig. 5 in addition.In Fig. 5, expression is applied to the slippage of rotational speed N under the torque T increase situation on the piezoelectric actuator, piezoelectric actuator.Bear the load torque T2 under the state of load of elastic device at piezoelectric actuator, bottom line need surpass load torque T1.Above-mentioned load torque T2 is the necessary torque that can drive the driven member (for example, train or pointer) that rotates through the elastic energy of in elastic device, accumulating.The above-mentioned torque that surpasses is made as α 1.In addition, the rotating speed during with load torque T2 is made as N2, and the slippage of the rotational speed N of rotating speed when N1 changes to N2 is made as α 2.Like this, increase α 1 through torque, rotating speed reduces α 2, so the fundamental characteristics of piezoelectric actuator descends.But the such torque T and the relation table of rotational speed N are shown in the relation under the state of piezoelectric actuator stabilized driving.Relative therewith; In the present invention; Make piezoelectric actuator when starting of stopping, particularly start energy loss under the action situation apace through minimizing; Realized the low-powerization in the whole driving from start to stopping, the minimizing of the energy loss in the decline of the fundamental characteristics that need the slippage α 2 of rotating speed be caused and the starting action compares to be judged.

So, be that example is come having used the load torque T2 under the elastic device situation to describe with the driving of the pointer of clock and watch.T2 is bigger than load torque T1 for the preferred negative set torque, and the recruitment α 1 of load torque is as much as possible little.But, in the present invention, driving in the piezoelectric actuator of (stepper drive) at a distance from predetermined space every, with elastic device the recruitment of the deflection corresponding load of the driving of 1 step size is become important.If the recruitment of this load is almost nil, then the load that applies to piezoelectric actuator of elastic device becomes minimum.

For example; The big or small anglec of rotation of 1 step with rotor is made as 20 degree; And the anglec of rotation corresponding with the initial deflection of elastic device be made as under the situation of 20 degree, the deflection of elastic device increases and becomes the deflection of 40 degree sizes, so the load that elastic device produced becomes 2 times of initial condition.That is, if can increase initial deflection, then the recruitment of load diminishes.If can guarantee that the number of turn of initial deflection is 3 circles through " hairspring " such spring as elastic device, even then rotor rotation 20 is spent, its value also is 20 degree ÷ (360 degree * 3 volumes)=0.018, and the recruitment of load is below 2%.Therefore, the recruitment of the load that elastic device caused can suppress to be minimum amount, can eliminate the influence that brings to the characteristic of piezoelectric actuator basically.

In addition, under the situation of not using elastic device, the performance need of required piezoelectric actuator is considered the shape of target rotation thing, is waited from the influence of the impact of outside, temperature environment and set.

As shown in Figure 5, for piezoelectric actuator, load torque T2 sets in order under situation about usually driving, to drive load, and is relative therewith, and breakdown torque T3 sets as the allowance of the load that burst is produced.For example; In driving the path, contain under the situation of target rotation thing (pointer of clock and watch such by the parts of cantilever support etc.) of uneven shape; According to the direction of the attitude of this target rotation thing, the meeting that influences that brings the moment of inertia of piezoelectric actuator sometimes increases quickly.In addition; Under the situation that Piexoelectric actuator is worn on enterprising enforcement usefulness such as wrist, the motion or the slight acceleration G that is produced that impacts that have wrist sometimes act on the target rotation thing, are under the situation of uneven shape at the target rotation thing particularly; Can be produced as the acceleration G of the load several times under the static state; For example, under the situation of clapping hands, produce acceleration G sometimes from tens of times to hundreds of times.Directly make under the situation that is rotated the body rotation at piezoelectric actuator as in the past; In order under moment of inertia that as above-mentioned, increases or burst load, to make the rotation of target rotation thing quickly; The maximum that needs to set piezoelectric actuator produces torque T3, so that can produce the torque that can overcome these loads.

Relative therewith, under the situation of as the present invention, using elastic device, through the strain of elastic device, the moment of inertia that can reduce quickly to become big or the acceleration G of burst are to the influence of piezoelectric actuator.That is, act on the direction of cutting off the rotation that is rotated body through the acceleration G that makes burst, stop even being rotated the rotation of body quickly, internal rotor also can continue rotation during this period, and the energy of rotation of rotor is accumulated as the elastic energy of elastic device.And, after the acceleration G of burst disappears, passing through the elastic energy accumulated, can make to be rotated the body rotation.In addition, as clapping hands etc., producing off and under the situation of burst acceleration G, in the acceleration G space that does not produce burst, the elastic energy that also can pass through to be accumulated makes and is rotated the body rotation.

Like this, through having elastic device, can piezoelectric actuator be set for and static load T1 corresponding characteristics (being set at T2); Also can be as in the past; Do not set for can with the acceleration G corresponding characteristics of burst, can reduce the power supplied with to piezoelectric actuator, can reduce consumed power W1.

In addition, if consider that then temperature is low more in the influence of the viscosity of the employed lubricating oil of axle support, the viscosity of lubricating oil increases more, and viscosity increases with the speed that is rotated body pro rata, so need correspondingly improve the performance of piezoelectric actuator.Relative therewith, using under the situation of elastic device, if utilizing elastic energy to make to be rotated body rotates inchmeal, then can reduce to be rotated the influence of viscosity of the lubricating oil of body.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably has the swiveling limitation mechanism that the above-mentioned anglec of rotation that is rotated body is restricted to predetermined angular.

Here; When using piezoelectric actuator to drive the pointer of clock and watch etc., make pointer extremely important, so can not realize at the Piexoelectric actuator that has used piezoelectric actuator under the situation of step motion of constant angle with the constant interval action; Can squint in the position of pointer, this is a big problem.

According to the present invention; Driving through rotor makes and is rotated the body rotation; And the rotation that is rotated body is limited by constant angle, so even do not have to confirm to be rotated the rotation amount of body singlely, owing to rotated constant angle at every turn if be rotated body with respect to the drive amount of piezoelectric actuator through swiveling limitation mechanism; Swiveling limitation mechanism will be restricted to constant angle with the anglec of rotation that is rotated body, is constant so be rotated the rotation amount of body.Thus; Owing to the over run that is rotated body that can prevent to rotate through piezoelectric actuator; So needn't strictly control the anglec of rotation of rotor, just can improve the precision of the anglec of rotation that is rotated body, can improve display precision through the display units such as pointer that are rotated the body rotation.

Have, swiveling limitation mechanism is not limited to be rotated by the constant angle restriction anglec of rotation of body at every turn again, also can be the swiveling limitation mechanism that as mechanical clock, constitutes the anglec of rotation variation of restriction.That is, swiveling limitation mechanism will be so long as will be rotated the device that the anglec of rotation of body is restricted to the predetermined angular that sets and get final product.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably, said Piexoelectric actuator has: first bang path, its with the energy of rotation of said rotor without said elastic device be delivered to said swiveling limitation mechanism; With second bang path, its energy of rotation with said rotor is delivered to said elastic device.

According to the present invention, because Piexoelectric actuator has: first bang path, its energy of rotation with rotor is delivered to said swiveling limitation mechanism; With second bang path, its energy of rotation with rotor is delivered to elastic device, can be with the drive source sharing of drive source that is rotated body and swiveling limitation mechanism, so can realize the minimizing of number of components and the miniaturization of device.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferred above-mentioned swiveling limitation mechanism engages with the above-mentioned body that is rotated.

According to the present invention; Swiveling limitation mechanism is as long as can limit the engaging rotatably that is rotated body at least; For example; Can with through swiveling limitation mechanism directly the restriction mode that is rotated the anglec of rotation of body dispose swiveling limitation mechanism and be rotated body, also can be to be disposed swiveling limitation mechanism and to be rotated body by mode from the anglec of rotation that is rotated other rotary body that the body transmission drives through the swiveling limitation mechanism restriction.Perhaps, also can limit and be rotated the anglec of rotation of the rotary body that body constitutes coaxially through swiveling limitation mechanism.Therefore, can improve the swiveling limitation mechanism and the degree of freedom that is rotated the configuration of body.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, the above-mentioned body that is rotated is an escape wheel, and above-mentioned swiveling limitation mechanism is an escapement lever.

According to the present invention, can constitute escapement by escape wheel and escapement lever, driving under the situation of escape wheel with piezoelectric actuator, can make the escape wheel rotation with correct drive amount.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention; Preferably; Said Piexoelectric actuator has cam part, and this cam part engages with said escapement lever, and is driven by said piezoelectric actuator; This cam part constitutes under the situation that this cam part rotates a circle, and said escapement lever carries out the once reciprocating action.

According to the present invention,,, escapement lever is made a round trip if therefore cam part is rotated a circle at least one direction through implement the reciprocating action of escapement lever by the cam part of piezoelectric actuator driving.Therefore, need not make and rotate, it is rotated to a direction to both direction as the drive source drives device.For example, under the situation of piezoelectric actuator that is the rectangular plate shape oscillator, because folk prescription so the transmission efficiency of actuating force improves, can promote low-powerization and high torqueization to the rotary contact position that can freely select with rotor.

Have, under the situation of two directions rotations, have jut in the substantial middle portion of the minor face of the piezoelectric element of rectangular plate shape, this jut disposes towards rotor center.Relative therewith, if unidirectional rotation then can make jut depart from the direction towards rotor center, so can produce big torque to rotor with respect to the action of piezoelectric element.That is, can be only to a certain direction transmission of drive force expeditiously.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably, constitute said body and the said swiveling limitation mechanism of being rotated with Maltese cross.

According to the present invention, make when being rotated body and turning round off and on, can not receive the influence of fluctuation of the anglec of rotation of rotor, can drive pointer etc. with the anglec of rotation of 1 correct step size.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably, said elastic device is a disc spring.

Here, as disc spring, can use the hairspring or the power clockwork spring that in clock and watch etc., use.

According to the present invention; Because use disc spring to be used as elastic device, so even in order to ensure big displacement, and the number of turn of increase disc spring; Compare with the situation of using U font spring or cantilever spring, can not have to dispose disc spring under the so big situation in that the space is set.Have again,, then can irrespectively produce the elastic energy of constant with the displacement of elastic device if guarantee big displacement.Therefore, bear the elastic energy of constant and irrelevant owing to be rotated body from elastic device, so can make the action that is rotated body stable with the size of external impact.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention; Preferably; Said Piexoelectric actuator has the rotor drive, and the rotation of said rotor is passed to this rotor drive, and this rotor drive is configured on the identical rotating shaft with the said body that is rotated; One end of said elastic device engages with said rotor drive, and the other end of said elastic device engages with the said body that is rotated.

Here, as elastic device, can enumerate and be called as disc spring, U font spring, cantilever spring and helical spring spring members.In addition, also can be the parts that rubber is processed as elastic device.In addition, as long as be mounted at least can be by means of the actuating force generation strain of rotor for elastic device.

According to the present invention, being disposed at the rotor drive on the same axis and being rotated between the body, can dispose elastic device, so can dispose elastic device compactly.

In addition, and the gear (rotor pinion) of rotor coaxial ground configuration and being rotated under the situation that has disposed elastic device between the body, rotor, rotor pinion, elastic device, to be rotated body overlapping in the axial direction, so that gauge also becomes is big.Relative therewith, in the present invention, the rotor drive is configurable on different with rotor axles, so have only rotor drive, elastic device and be rotated body weight folded, and does not have laminated rotor correspondingly, can realize slimming.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably, said rotor is configured on the identical rotating shaft with the said body that is rotated, and an end of said elastic device engages with said rotor, and the other end of said elastic device engages with the said body that is rotated.

According to the present invention; Because the rotating shaft of rotor is formed on the identical axle with the rotating shaft that is rotated body; So; The actuating force of rotor is delivered to other rotary body of elastic device and compares to the situation that is rotated the body transmission of drive force with configuration between rotor and elastic device, can make to be applied to epitrochanterian load and to reduce the amount suitable with the moment of inertia of other rotary body through this other rotary body.Therefore, the amount of the enough moments of inertia that reduces of ability makes the rotor high-speed rotation, can shorten the power making time under the rotor driven scheduled volume situation, can promote low-powerization.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably, said elastic device has initial deflection, is rotated body, or said rotor and said being rotated on the body at said rotor drive and said, is formed with the release restrictions of keeping said initial deflection.

According to the present invention, owing to have the release restrictions, so elastic device can be maintained the state (state with initial deflection) that strain has taken place under initial condition.Rotor and the performance that is rotated body are described, and when starting, rotor begins rotation in advance, is rotated body and postpones to begin rotation because of the influence of moment of inertia.In such structure,, then be rotated the power that effect always has above-mentioned initial deflection to produce on the body if having the release restrictions.Therefore, can suppress the swing that is rotated body that produces because of external impact, can make with the indicating positions of the pointer that is rotated the clock and watch that body is connected etc. and not move.Have, the big or small of power that produces because of initial deflection of elastic device preferably can make more than the size that is rotated the body rotation again.

As a specific example; By be fixed on be rotated on the body as the pin of holding section and be formed on the rotor as the portion of being stuck and on the direction that relatively moves at pin long slotted hole constitute under the situation that discharges restrictions; Be rotated body rotates to pin and slotted hole by means of the elastic energy of elastic device madial wall butt, and keep this state.Thus, can suppress to be rotated the swing of body reliably.For example, do not have elastic device, rotor and be rotated that body is formed by gear and intermeshing situation under, be rotated rocking of the gap length that know from experience to produce the between cog that is equivalent to gear.Therefore, in that pointer of clock and watch etc. is installed under the situation about being rotated on the body, can produce the incorrect problem of display position of pointer.Relative therewith, if rotor be rotated body and be connected through elastic device, and keep the initial elasticity distortion (initial deflection) of elastic device through discharging restrictions, then rotor and the disappearance of rocking that is rotated body can correctly show the pointer of clock and watch etc.

In addition; Compare with the situation that is rotated the body and function gears engaged with rotor; If there is elastic device; Then the fluctuation because of the machining accuracy of the size of space of the tooth of gear causes the uneven situation in gap of gear meshing part to disappear, rotor be rotated the influence of fluctuation that body can not receive the machining accuracy of parts.

In addition; Even have elastic device, do not having under the situation of initial elasticity distortion, even the rotation of rotor is limited when the stopping of piezoelectric actuator; Owing to be not rotated the elastic energy that applies elastic device on the body, swing because of the impact of outside etc. than being easier to so be rotated body.Relative therewith, if kept the initial elasticity distortion, then be applied with the power that produces because of initial elasticity distortion on the body being rotated, can prevent to swing because of external impact etc. causes being rotated body.In addition; Even the size of external impact is the big impact that makes elastic device generation elastic deformation level; Return to the masterpiece that the distortion of original initial elasticity produced and be used in the state that is rotated on the body if get back to initial condition through elastic device, then also no problem.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention; Preferably; Said release restrictions only has the play that can make said rotor drive or the rotation of said rotor in the direction of the deflection that increases said elastic device, and the maximum deflection of said elastic device is set according to the play amount of said release restrictions.

If do not limit the deflection of elastic device, under the excessive situation of the elastic energy of then in elastic device, accumulating, there is the possibility that body surpasses predetermined anglec of rotation running rotation that is rotated of rotating by means of elastic energy.On the other hand,,, exceed required elastic energy, can suppress to be rotated the over run of body so can prevent to accumulate because the maximum deflection of elastic device is set according to the play amount that discharges limiting unit according to the present invention.

In addition; If the play amount is set at the predetermined corresponding amount of rotation amount with rotor; Then rotated the moment of scheduled volume at least at rotor, the rotation that is rotated body begins and irrelevant with the size of the moment of inertia that is rotated body, so can improve the mobility that is rotated body.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention; Preferably; Said piezoelectric actuator constitutes and carries out stepper drive, and the play of said release restrictions is to go on foot corresponding, the said rotor drive of driving of size or the rotation amount of said rotor with one of said piezoelectric actuator at least.

Driving with piezoelectric actuator under the situation of rotor; Target rotation thing etc. directly is installed on the body, is rotated under the less situation of the moment of inertia of the later rotary system of body being rotated; Also begin rotation owing to being rotated body, so can not produce big problem with the rotation of rotor interlock.But; Be rotated body and do not having the situation that links at once and become problem with respect to the rotation of rotor as being rotated the bigger situation of the later target rotation thing of body or constituting under the bigger situation of the situation be rotated the later bang path of body moment of inertia such, that be rotated the later rotary system of body, existing with a plurality of bodies that are rotated.

Relative therewith; According to structure of the present invention; Under the situation that the stepper drive piezoelectric actuator promptly drives with constant interval; The scope that discharges the play part of restrictions is set at least the corresponding scope of rotation amount with the 1 cycle size of rotor, thus even be rotated under the bigger situation of the later moment of inertia of body, also can avoid rotor with being rotated that soma relates to the situation that causes being applied to epitrochanterian load increase.

That is,, till following the rotation of rotor, body needs the time from rotor being rotated to being rotated when the scope of play part is set at than the scope corresponding with the rotation amount of 1 cycle size hour.Therefore; Even arrived the rotation amount of 1 cycle size, be rotated under the situation that body still do not begin to rotate as yet, before the rotation amount of the 1 cycle size that arrives rotor at rotor; Can not make elastic device generation strain, on rotor, apply the inertia force that is rotated body.On the other hand, as the present invention,, can prevent to be applied to epitrochanterian load increase through setting at least the corresponding play part of rotation amount with the 1 cycle size of piezoelectric actuator.

Have again, in 1 cycle of so-called piezoelectric actuator, mean in the piezoelectric actuator that intermittently drives when driving beginning to once stopping to drive and till beginning drives next time.That is, the driving of 1 of piezoelectric actuator step size is the driving of the 1 cycle size of piezoelectric actuator.In addition, the rotation amount of 1 cycle of so-called rotor size means the piezoelectric actuator that drives rotor in rotation and drives the i.e. amount of the rotor rotation of 1 cycle during size of 1 step size.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention, preferably, said Piexoelectric actuator has: swing unit, and it is rotated body and alternately swings to first and second directions through said; With second be rotated body; Whenever said swing unit during to the swing of said first and second directions; This second be rotated body through said swing unit to constant direction rotation, said swing unit have at every turn by constant angle limit said second be rotated the anglec of rotation of body the rotation restrictions.

Here, being rotated the mechanism that body constitutes by swing unit and second is so-called reverse escapement.There is the problem big to the load of piezoelectric actuator in this reverse escapement.That is, reverse escapement is different with the escapement of mechanical clock, and to the escape wheel transmission of drive force, so compare with the transmission of gear etc., the transmission efficiency of actuating force significantly descends from escapement lever for it.Reason in the mechanism is because the angle of cut of the direction of rotation of the direction of the power during the tooth butt of the pawl of escapement lever and escape wheel and escape wheel is big.Therefore, the load of piezoelectric actuator is become big, actuating speed descends, and is elongated with the step of the expectation required time that advances.

Relative therewith, according to the present invention, through elastic device is set, the load of piezoelectric actuator is diminished, can improve the rotating speed of rotor, the step that can shorten with expectation advances the required time, can realize low-powerization.

In Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention; Preferably; Said oscillator forms tabular; And constitute and have the abutting part that contacts with the outer peripheral face of said rotor, said Piexoelectric actuator has the unit of pushing, this push the unit with the arbitrary side in said oscillator and the said rotor by the opposing party of pressing to said oscillator and said rotor.

Here, oscillator for example, can form rhombus, trapezoidal, parallelogram etc. as long as form tabularly at least.In addition, abutting part is arranged at least contact with the outer peripheral face of rotor and is got final product, and for example, can become the outstanding shape from the end of tabular oscillator, and perhaps, the bight of tabular oscillator capable of using forms.In addition,, can rotor be pushed to oscillator, also can oscillator be pushed to rotor through pushing the unit.The direction of pushing of pushing the unit is and the rotating shaft of the rotor direction of quadrature roughly, and the direction of vibration of pushing direction and oscillator preferably at grade.

According to the present invention and since oscillator form tabular, so can promote the slimming of Piexoelectric actuator.In addition, owing to have the unit of pushing, thus can increase the frictional force of the outer peripheral face of abutting part and rotor, and can transmit vibration through the oscillator actuating force when rotor is rotated reliably.

Electronic equipment of the present invention is characterised in that said electronic equipment has: above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator; With drive by this Piexoelectric actuator by drive division.

According to the present invention, can constitute with the Piexoelectric actuator is the various electronic equipments of drive source.At this moment, Piexoelectric actuator can be prevented to being received influence of magnetic field, but also the consumed power when driving can be reduced by the driving of drive division.

In electronic equipment of the present invention, preferably, said is the clocking information display part that shows the clocking information that arrives through timing portion instrumentation by drive division.

According to the present invention, owing to can enough Piexoelectric actuators drive the clocking information display parts such as pointer of clock and watch, receive influence of magnetic field, and can drive the pointer etc. of clocking information display part with low-power so can prevent the driving of pointer etc.

According to the present invention, has such effect: drive when being rotated body in vibration, can drive with low-power and be rotated body through piezoelectric element.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the curve chart of relation of relation and the torque and the power of torque and rotating speed in the piezoelectric actuator of expression Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention.

The curve chart of the time when Fig. 2 is the rotation of the general rigid body of expression and the relation of angular speed.

Fig. 3 is the curve chart of relation of relation and the torque and the consumed power of torque and the rotating speed of expression in the above-mentioned piezoelectric actuator.

The curve chart of the relation of time and rotating speed when Fig. 4 is the starting of the above-mentioned piezoelectric actuator of expression.

Fig. 5 is the curve chart of relation of relation and the torque and the consumed power of torque and the rotating speed of expression in the above-mentioned piezoelectric actuator.

Fig. 6 is the stereogram of Piexoelectric actuator in the clock and watch of expression first execution mode of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the vertical view of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Fig. 8 is the block diagram of circuit structure in the clock and watch of expression first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 is that the expression inertia load is the curve chart of the relation of time and the rotary speed and the anglec of rotation under 1 times the situation.

Figure 10 is that the expression inertia load is the curve chart of the relation of time and the rotary speed and the anglec of rotation under 10 times the situation.

Figure 11 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator of expression second embodiment of the invention.

Figure 12 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 13 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 14 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 15 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator of expression third embodiment of the invention.

Figure 16 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 17 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 18 is the vertical view of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 19 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator of expression four embodiment of the invention.

Figure 20 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 21 is the longitudinal section of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Figure 22 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 23 is the stereogram of the major part of the above-mentioned Piexoelectric actuator of expression.

Label declaration

1: clock and watch; 4,4A, 4B, 4C: piezoelectric actuator; 7: cam wheel (cam part); 8: escapement lever (swiveling limitation mechanism); 8A: reverse escapement escapement lever (swing unit); 9: driving wheel (swiveling limitation mechanism); 10,10A, 10B, 10C, 10D: Piexoelectric actuator; 20,20A, 20B: oscillator; 22,22A: piezoelectric element; 30,30A, 30B, 30C: rotor ring (rotor); 33B: the first rotor gear (being rotated body); 33C: second rotor gear (being rotated body); 34: rotor travelling gear (being rotated body); 40: the first rotor travelling gear (rotor drive); 40A: rotor travelling gear (rotor drive); 42: location hole (release restrictions); 43: location-plate (release restrictions); 50,50B, 50C, 50D: disc spring (elastic device); 60: the second rotor travelling gears (being rotated body); 60A: escape wheel (being rotated body); 60B: driven pulley (being rotated body); 60C: reverse escapement escape wheel (second is rotated body); 61: alignment pin (release restrictions); 63: location hole (release restrictions); 82A, 83A: pawl (rotation restrictions); 212,212A: abutting part; 335: polarizing slot portion (release restrictions); 342: positioning salient (release restrictions).

Embodiment

(first execution mode)

According to accompanying drawing first execution mode of the present invention is described below.

Have again, after after second execution mode stated, for first execution mode of following explanation in the identical structure member of structure member be marked with same numeral with structure member with said function, and simplify or omit explanation.

(overall structure)

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the stereogram and the vertical views of driving mechanism of the pointer 2 in the clock and watch 1 of this execution mode of expression.Clock and watch 1 are equipped with in the inside of not shown outer dress shell: timing portion; The clocking information display part that shows the clocking information that obtains through this timing portion timing with pointer 2; And the driving mechanism of pointer 2 (comprise mechanism that drives a plurality of pointers etc., comprise the movement mechanism among Fig. 8), Piexoelectric actuator 10 is used for the action of the driving mechanism of pointer 2.That is, the pointer wheel 3 that is equipped with as the pointer 2 of driven object thing can be rotated through Piexoelectric actuator 10.

Like Fig. 6, shown in 7, Piexoelectric actuator 10 has: utilize the vibration of piezoelectric element to make the piezoelectric actuator 4 of rotor ring rotation; And the rotation of this piezoelectric actuator 4 driven the rotor drive 5 (wheel is transmitted in rotation) that slows down and be delivered to pointer wheel 3.

(structure of piezoelectric actuator)

Below, the structure of piezoelectric actuator 4 is described.Piezoelectric actuator 4 constitutes and comprises oscillator 20 and rotor ring 30.

Oscillator 20 constitutes and comprises: the thin plate stiffener 21 that essentially rectangular is tabular; The piezoelectric element 22 tabular with the essentially rectangular on the two sides that is bonded in this thin plate stiffener 21, oscillator 20 have the whole laminal lit-par-lit structure that is.

In the length direction substantial middle of thin plate stiffener 21, be formed with to one-sided outstanding arm 211, this arm 211 is fixed on not shown base plate etc. through Screw etc.On the two ends on the diagonal of thin plate stiffener 21, be formed with respectively along the outstanding roughly semicircular abutting part 212 of the length direction of thin plate stiffener 21.In these abutting parts 212 one the side butt with rotor ring 30.

Have, thin plate stiffener 21 and rotor ring 30 are by for example stainless steel formations such as (SUS) again.If particularly with stainless steel, carry out beallon (Bertllium Copper) nonmagnetic substance of etc.ing that overcure handles and constitute thin plate stiffener 21 and rotor ring 30, then the anti-magnetic raising of piezoelectric actuator 4 is not driven by can on influence of magnetic field ground.

Piezoelectric element 22 is made up of the material of from following material, selecting arbitrarily: lead zirconate titanate (PZT (registered trade mark)), quartz, lithium niobate, barium titanate, lead titanates, lead meta-columbute, Kynoar (Port リ Off Star PVC ニリヂ Application), zinc niobate lead, scandium lead niobate etc.On the two sides of piezoelectric element 22, be formed with drive electrode 221 through not shown coating.

When the drive electrode 221 to such oscillator 20 adds the voltage of preset frequencies, encouraged piezoelectric element 22 vibration of a flexible vertical vibration mode along its length.At this moment, because two ends are provided with abutting part 212 on the diagonal of oscillator 20, so oscillator 20 integral body are uneven with respect to length direction center line weight.Because this imbalance, excitation oscillator 20 with the roughly vibration of crooked crooked secondary vibration pattern on the direction of quadrature of length direction.Therefore, oscillator 20 has encouraged will this vertical vibration mode and the vibration of getting up of crooked secondary vibration mode combinations, and abutting part 212 is depicted roughly elliptic orbit ground vibration.

Rotor ring 30 is driven by oscillator 20 rotations.On the rotor rotating shaft 31 of rotor ring 30, be fixed with rotation is driven the rotor pinion 32 that is delivered to the first rotor travelling gear 40.Rotor rotating shaft 31 can be supported on an end of support arm 35 with rotating freely.Support arm 35 is supported for and can rotates freely with respect to base plate etc. around arm rotating shaft 351.The other end of support arm 35 be used as push the unit by pressing spring 36 application of forces.

Constitute to the direction of the abutting part 212 mutual butts that make rotor ring 30 and oscillator 20 by pressing spring 36 and to push.

Specifically, be made up of torsion-coil spring by pressing spring 36, an end of pressing pressing spring 36 is through support component 361 and fixing with respect to base plate etc.Press the end application of force of the other end of pressing spring 36 to support arm 35, rotor ring 30 is by to the oscillator 20 side application of forces, and abutting part 212 is pushed to pushing direction F.Push direction F and be and the rotating shaft of rotor ring 30 direction of quadrature roughly, the direction of vibration of pushing direction F and oscillator 20 is on same plane.Thus, between abutting part 212 and rotor ring 30 sides, produce suitable frictional force, it is good that the transmission efficiency of the actuating force of oscillator 20 becomes.

In such piezoelectric actuator 4; When the abutting part 212 of oscillator 20 describes that roughly elliptic orbit ground vibrates; Through pushing rotor ring 30, rotor ring 30 and rotor pinion 32 only are rotated driving to counter clockwise direction (direction of arrow A) in the part of this vibrating the track.Therefore, in this execution mode, constituted rotor of the present invention through rotor ring 30 and rotor pinion 32.

(structure of rotor drive)

Below, the structure of rotor drive 5 is described.Rotor drive 5 constitutes to have:

For example, when pulling out the table hat in order to carry out the moment to revise, need stop the running of pointer.Therefore, when operation detection part 109 output tables hats pull out the detection signal of operation the time, the control signal that control circuit 104 stops the driving of Piexoelectric actuator 10 to 106 outputs of clock and watch drive circuit.On the other hand, when operation detection part 109 is exported the detection signal of the push operation of showing hat, the control signal that control circuit 104 begins the driving of Piexoelectric actuator 10 to 106 outputs of clock and watch drive circuit.

The control signal that clock and watch drive circuit 106 receives from control circuit 104, and the drive signal of output Piexoelectric actuator 10.Specifically, clock and watch drive circuit 106 utilizes AC signal (pulse signal) to drive to the driving voltage of the piezoelectric element 22 additional preset frequencies of Piexoelectric actuator 10.

Have again; The control method of the driving frequency of Piexoelectric actuator 10 is not special to be limited; For example also can be as patent documentation (TOHKEMY 2006-20445 communique) is disclosed; The frequency that makes the drive signal that offers piezoelectric element 22 comprise drivable frequency range on a large scale in inswept (variation), the method for drive pressure electric driver 10 reliably; Also can be as patent documentation (TOHKEMY 2006-33912 communique) is disclosed; Change the frequency of drive signal; So that offer the method that frequency and the phase difference between the detection signal that obtains from the vibrational state of piezoelectric element 22 of the drive signal of piezoelectric element 22 are the expected objective phase difference that is suitable for driving, also can be to carry out method of driving with the fixed frequency of setting by temperature in advance.

In addition, the detecting electrode that does not become the additional object of voltage can be set on the piezoelectric element 22 of Piexoelectric actuator 10 also, will feed back to control circuit 104 from the detection signal of this detecting electrode output, thereby control the frequency of above-mentioned drive signal.Through this detection signal, control circuit 104 can be confirmed the driving condition of Piexoelectric actuator 10, and the frequency of drive signal is carried out FEEDBACK CONTROL.

Movement mechanism 110 utilizes the formations such as train that driven by Piexoelectric actuator 10 (piezoelectric actuator 4 and rotor drive 5), and in this execution mode, it has pointer wheel 3.

This movement mechanism 110 will convert into from the amount of movement that Piexoelectric actuator 10 obtains and be suitable for the amount of movement of demonstration constantly, and be delivered to the moment display part (pointer) 2 as the clocking information display part.In this execution mode,, therefore the amount of movement (rotation amount of rotor) of Piexoelectric actuator 10 is become the amount of movement of moment demonstration with predetermined speed reducing ratio because movement mechanism 110 is deceleration trains.The first rotor travelling gear 40 with rotor pinion 32 engagements; The disc spring 50 of one end fastening on the first rotor travelling gear 40; The second rotor travelling gear 60 that is connected with the other end of disc spring 50; And drive rotating shaft 70.

The first rotor travelling gear 40 forms diameter than big discoideus of rotor pinion 32, and it can be supported by drive rotating shaft 70 with rotating freely.On the first rotor travelling gear 40, be formed with and run through the axial spring of rotation with fastening hole 41 and location hole 42.Have again; Though it is not shown; But be provided with the optical profile type detecting unit of the rotation amount that detects the first rotor travelling gear 40, through this contactless detecting unit, each when driving the predetermined rotation amount of the first rotor travelling gears 40 through piezoelectric actuator 4; Piezoelectric actuator 4 is stopped, and make piezoelectric actuator 4 startings at the fixed time.Through starting repeatedly as so and stopping, coming periodically drive pressure electric drive 4.

When piezoelectric actuator 4 stopped, through pressing pressing spring 36, the abutting part 212 of piezoelectric actuator 4 suppressed on rotor ring 30 and friction apply, so rotor ring 30 is positioned in this position.Therefore, rotor ring 30 can not move to direction of rotation.Therefore, through the rotor ring 30 behind the location, the first rotor travelling gear 40 also is positioned on direction of rotation.Have again, the second rotor travelling gear 60 and pointer wheel 3, as after state such through confirm the position of direction of rotation as the location hole that discharges restrictions 42 and alignment pin 61, so the position of pointer 2 also is positioned on the precalculated position.

Location hole 42 is the slotted holes along the periphery formation of the first rotor travelling gear 40.The size along the direction of the periphery of the first rotor travelling gear 40 at the peristome place of location hole 42 is set at such length dimension (size of play part): under the state that the second rotor travelling gear 60 is stopped, the first rotor travelling gear 40 can be to the drive amount in 1 cycle of positive veer (clockwise direction among Fig. 7) rotary piezoelectric driver.

The second rotor travelling gear 60 is fixed on the drive rotating shaft 70, and the second rotor travelling gear 60 has the rotating shaft identical with the first rotor travelling gear 40, and with pointer wheel 3 engagements.On the second rotor travelling gear 60, be fixed with cylinder alignment pin 61, alignment pin 61 is side-prominent and pass location hole 42 to the first rotor travelling gear 40.

Disc spring 50 is through being that round-shaped spring wire is wound as clockwise helical form and forms with the cross section on the plane of Fig. 7.The end fastening of the outer circumferential side of disc spring 50 spring with fastening hole 41 in, the end of the central shaft side of disc spring 50 is fixed through being wound on the drive rotating shaft 70.

Rotate to clockwise direction in the second rotor travelling gear 60 through the first rotor travelling gear 40 in advance; The direction generation strain that disc spring 50 increases to the number of turn, thus can the actuating force that be delivered to the first rotor travelling gear 40 be accumulated as elastic energy.

Below, the situation of in disc spring 50, keeping the strain of starting stage is described.

Have at above-mentioned disc spring 50 under the state of initial elasticity distortion (about 3 circles size), the end of the central side of disc spring 50 be fixed on the drive rotating shaft 70, and with the outer end fastening of disc spring 50 above-mentioned spring with fastening hole 41 in.

When as Fig. 6, assembling the first rotor travelling gear 40 and the second rotor travelling gear 60 under the state of keeping above-mentioned initial elasticity distortion; Through the elastic energy of above-mentioned

disc spring

50,60 pairs of the first rotor travelling gears 40 of the second rotor travelling gear apply the power to positive veer (being clockwise) rotation in Fig. 7.But, because alignment pin 61 is configured in the location hole 42, thus the second rotor travelling gear 60 with respect to the first rotor travelling gear 40 maintain alignment pin 61 and the medial surface butt of the positive veer side of location hole 42 the position, be state shown in Figure 7.

In addition, the first rotor travelling gear 40 and rotor pinion 32 engagements.Be positioned through as above-mentioned, suppressing with the rotor ring 30 of rotor pinion 32 one by the abutting part 212 of piezoelectric actuator 4.Therefore, under the state that piezoelectric actuator 4 stops, rotor ring 30 is maintained halted state through the butt of the abutting part 212 of piezoelectric actuator 4, and the first rotor travelling gear 40 that meshes with rotor pinion 32 also is maintained halted state.Have, the second rotor travelling gear 60 is positioned at the position of alignment pin 61 and location hole 42 butts with respect to the first rotor travelling gear 40 again.Like this, just kept the strain (initial elasticity distortion) of disc spring 50.

Therefore, in this execution mode, constituted elastic device, constituted by the second rotor travelling gear 60 and be rotated body, constituted the release restrictions by alignment pin 61 and location hole 42 by disc spring 50.

Have again; As above-mentioned, keep the strain (initial deflection) of disc spring 50 as above-mentioned location hole that discharges restrictions 42 and alignment pin 61 in the starting stage; But when piezoelectric actuator 4 further drives 1 step size (1 cycle size), also has the function that the second rotor travelling gear 60 and pointer wheel 3 are held in a predetermined position.

That is, when piezoelectric actuator 4 drivings 1 step size, the first rotor travelling gear 40 rotates 1 cycle size (1 step is big or small) to clockwise direction in Fig. 7, and disc spring 50 is also rolled-up simultaneously.So; Release force by means of disc spring 50; The second rotor travelling gear 60 also drives to the clockwise direction rotation; But because alignment pin 61 butts and suppressing on the medial surface (medial surface that alignment pin 61 is contacted among Fig. 6, Fig. 7) of the clockwise direction side of location hole 42, so the second rotor travelling gear 60 is positioned on direction of rotation.

Have again; The oscillator 20 of piezoelectric actuator 4 is fixed on the base plate as the base frame of clock and watch 1 through arm 211; One end of the rotating shaft of rotor rotating shaft 31, drive rotating shaft 70, pointer wheel 3 is by the axle support holes axle supporting of base plate, and their other end is supported by the train support axle with the base plate arranged opposite and keeps.Have, an end axle of the rotating shaft of pointer wheel 3 and each rotating shaft of other pointer wheel is bearing on the base plate again, but the other end also can be by the supporting of the support unit axle beyond the train.

(circuit structures of clock and watch)

Below, the circuit structure of clock and watch 1 is described according to Fig. 8.

The drive circuit of clock and watch 1 has oscillating circuit 102, frequency dividing circuit 103 and the control circuit 104 that drives through the power supply 101 that is made up of primary cell or secondary cell etc.

Oscillating circuit 102 is to frequency dividing circuit 103 outputting oscillation signals, and it has benchmark oscillation sources such as quartz crystal unit.

Be imported into the frequency dividing circuit 103 from the oscillator signal of oscillating circuit 102 outputs, frequency dividing circuit 103 is exported clock and watch reference signal (the for example signal of 1Hz) according to this oscillator signal.

Control circuit 104 comes the moment is counted according to the reference signal of exporting from frequency dividing circuit 103, and to the output of clock and watch drive circuit 106 indications with the matched clock and watch drive signal of clock and watch specification.

For example, the situation that has hour hands, minute hand, second hand like clock and watch 1 every under the situation of carrying out step-operated in 1 second, 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits of control circuit, 106 indications: whenever exported 1 clock and watch drive signal at a distance from 1 second.

On the other hand, be two pin clock and watch of hour hands and minute hand at clock and watch 1, with 20 seconds under the situation of at interval each 2 degree ground feeding minute hands, 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits of control circuit, 106 indications: whenever exported 1 clock and watch drive signal at a distance from 20 seconds.

In addition, control circuit 104 is connected with testing circuit (detecting unit) 107, and it serves as to trigger the action of controlling clock and watch drive circuit 106 with the detection signal from testing circuit 107 outputs.

Whether the amount of movement (anglec of rotation) of 107 pairs of rotors of testing circuit (rotor ring 30 and rotor pinion 32) reaches scheduled volume is detected, and detection signal is exported to control circuit 104.Therefore, testing circuit 107 can use the various transducers of rotation amount (anglec of rotation) that can detection rotor, as utilizes LED etc. to carry out the transducer of optical detection, the mechanical contacts of utilizing spring etc., Magnetic Sensor etc.

Have, testing circuit 107 is not limited to the circuit of the amount of movement of direct detection rotor again, also can be the circuit that comes the amount of movement of indirect detection rotor ring 30 with respect to the amount of movement (anglec of rotation) of the directly actuated the first rotor travelling gear 40 of rotor through detecting.That is, can detect the amount of movement of such parts: be arranged on the front of rotor, and together rotate with rotor to disc spring 50.

Have again, in this execution mode, as stated, be provided with the testing circuit (detecting unit) 107 of the optical profile type of the rotation amount that detects the first rotor travelling gear 40.

And; When from testing circuit 107 output detection signals; Promptly when detecting rotor and moved scheduled volume, 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits 106 of above-mentioned control circuit stop the control of output drive signal, the control that Piexoelectric actuator 10 is stopped.

For example, under the situation that makes second hand with 1 second interval step-operated, 106 indications of 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits of control circuit are every at a distance from 1 second output drive signal.Under this situation; Testing circuit 107 is set at: to rotor rotation and 1 second size of second hand rotation is that the corresponding predetermined angular of 6 degree detects; When detecting rotor through testing circuit 107 and rotated above-mentioned predetermined angular, 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits 106 of control circuit stop the output of drive signal.Therefore, Piexoelectric actuator 10 drove at interval with 1 second and makes second hand move 1 second amount.

In addition, as two pin clock and watch, made at interval minute hand advance under the situation of 2 degree 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits of control circuit, 106 indications: every with 20 seconds at a distance from 20 seconds output drive signals at every turn.In this case; Testing circuit 107 is set at: to rotor rotation and 20 seconds sizes of minute hand rotation is that the corresponding predetermined angular of 2 degree detects; When detecting rotor through testing circuit 107 and rotated above-mentioned predetermined angular, 104 pairs of clock and watch drive circuits 106 of control circuit stop the output of drive signal.

In addition, on control circuit 104, be connected with the operation detection part 109 of the operation of correction mechanism 108 constantly such as detection table hat and button.When operation detection part 109 detects the scheduled operation of moment correction mechanism 108, detect this operation and prearranged signal is sent to control circuit 104.Control circuit 104 according to from the signal of operation detection part 109 to 106 indications of clock and watch drive circuit: the output of drive signal be the driving of Piexoelectric actuator 10 begin or the output of drive signal to stop be that the driving of Piexoelectric actuator 10 stops.For example, if pointer 2 is second hand and 1 second rotation 6 degree, the speed reducing ratio of movement mechanism 110 is 1/2, and then testing circuit 107 is set at: at the second rotor travelling gear 60 is the first rotor travelling gear 40 every rotations 12 output detection signals when spending.

(action the during starting of Piexoelectric actuator)

Action during next, to the starting of Piexoelectric actuator 10 describes.

At first; When under the state that stops at piezoelectric actuator 4 during to oscillator 20 additional drives voltages; Energy of rotation is delivered to the first rotor travelling gear 40 from rotor ring 30 through rotor pinion 32; These rotary bodies (rotor ring 30, rotor pinion 32, the first rotor travelling gear 40) begin rotation, and disc spring 50 begins to take place strain, and the energy of rotation that is transmitted is accumulated as the elastic energy of disc spring 50.Then, by means of the elastic energy of disc spring 50, be applied to the moment that energy of rotation on the second rotor travelling gear 60 reaches predetermined size, the second rotor travelling gear 60, pointer wheel 3 and pointer 2 begin rotation.The energy of rotation of the predetermined size of this what is called is the energy of rotation of the identical size of load that adds up to axle support load with the moment of inertia of each rotary body (the second rotor travelling gear 60, pointer wheel 3 and pointer 2) and these each rotary bodies.

Therefore, when piezoelectric actuator 4 carried out the driving in 1 cycle, as stated, the first rotor travelling gear 40 also clockwise direction in Fig. 7 rotated 1 cycle size, and simultaneously, disc spring 50 is also rolled.So; Though the release force second rotor travelling gear 60 through disc spring 50 also drives to the clockwise direction rotation; But because alignment pin 61 butts and suppressing on the medial surface (medial surface that alignment pin 61 is contacted among Fig. 6, Fig. 7) of the clockwise direction side of location hole 42, so the second rotor travelling gear 60 also is positioned on direction of rotation with pointer 2.

Like this, Piexoelectric actuator 10 startings, pointer 2 rotations.

(effect that this execution mode produced)

According to this execution mode, can play following effect.

(1) has disc spring 50; When the starting of piezoelectric actuator 4, after the actuating force of piezoelectric actuator 4 was accumulated as the elastic energy of disc spring 50, the second rotor travelling gear 60 began rotation; So when piezoelectric actuator 4 drives; Each moment of inertia of the second rotor travelling gear 60, pointer wheel 3 and pointer 2 does not act on the piezoelectric actuator 4, and the load when being applied to the starting on the piezoelectric actuator 4 reduces, thereby can reduce the starting power of consumption.

Particularly in analog timepiece, shaft-like pointer 2 has bigger moment of inertia, and pointer shape changes according to the design (model) of clock and watch.Therefore, according to each model of clock and watch, the moment of inertia that pointer 2 is produced is also inequality, and consumed power also changes in method in the past.This is under the situation with battery-driven clock and watch, and battery life also changes according to model.

Relative therewith, in this execution mode, through above-mentioned disc spring 50 is set; The moment of inertia of pointer 2 does not act on the piezoelectric actuator 4; So can eliminate the influence of the change of inertia moment of pointer 2, can drive with low-power, and the variation of the battery life that can prevent to cause because of model.

According to the above, also can use with pointer 2 and compare the big discoideus pointer of moment of inertia, can improve the design freedom of clock and watch.

(2) through having disc spring 50, the load when having alleviated the starting that is applied on the piezoelectric actuator 4, thus can at short notice the actuating speed of piezoelectric actuator 4 be risen to the speed of expectation, the starting time shortens, and therefore can further reduce consumed power.

Here, explain through reducing to be applied to the reason that load on the piezoelectric actuator 4 can reduce consumed power with reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10.

Fig. 9, Figure 10 are illustrated in to drive and are applied to the device that epitrochanterian inertia load is a scheduled volume (below be called inertia load be 1 times) and drive the relation of inertia load for the anglec of rotation of the relation of rotary speed under the situation of the device of its 10 times (being called inertia load is 10 times), that drive elapsed time and rotor and driving elapsed time and rotor.

Here, rotary speed rises when to piezoelectric actuator 4 drive signal being provided gradually, and becomes constant speed soon.On the other hand, about the anglec of rotation, in the speed lifting range in the early stage, the anglec of rotation is quickened to increase, and when rotary speed reached constant, the anglec of rotation and time increased pro rata.

Like Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, to compare with the inertia load height, the rising of side's rotary speed that inertia load is low is also fast, also can shorten the time of moving the predetermined anglec of rotation.For example, in Fig. 9,10 example, suppose the time till rotation 10 degree is compared, then under inertia load shown in Figure 9 is 1 times situation, need about 0.0017 second time.Relative therewith, be under 10 times the situation, to need about 0.003 second time at inertia load shown in Figure 10, promptly needing inertia load is the about 2 times time under 1 times the situation.

Therefore, under the situation of the every rotational fixation angle of rotor, be applied to rotor and be inertia load on the piezoelectric actuator little one can enough shorten driving time, correspondingly also can reduce consumed power.

(3) owing to have disc spring 50, thus when falling etc. from the percussion of outside under the situation on the pointer 2, through the interference function of disc spring 50; Can weaken the influence of impact rapidly; And because during from the impact force action of outside, the actuating force of piezoelectric actuator 4 is accumulated in the disc spring 50, so impacting the moment that the influence that produced disappears; Through the elastic energy of disc spring 50, can drive the rotation of pointer 2.Therefore, shock effect can not be delivered on the piezoelectric actuator 4 from pointer 2, can make the action of piezoelectric actuator 4 stable.

(4), and keep the initial deflection (initial deformation) of disc spring 50 owing to have alignment pin 61 and location hole 42, thus the power that initial deflection produced act on all the time on the second rotor travelling gear 60, thereby the swing of the pointer 2 that can suppress to cause because of external impact.

(5) even under the bigger situation of the moment of inertia of rotary system from the second rotor travelling gear 60 to pointer 2 sides; At intermittence during drive pressure electric drive 4; Because the scope of the play of alignment pin 61 and location hole 42 part is set at and the corresponding scope of drive amount of the 1 cycle size of piezoelectric actuator 4, so can avoid that 60 interference make the load increase that is applied on the piezoelectric actuator 4 with the second rotor travelling gear because of the first rotor travelling gear 40.

(6),, can enlarge hardly and ground, space is set disposes disc spring 50 so, compare with the situation of using U-shaped spring and cantilever spring even increase the number of turn of disc spring 50 in order to ensure big displacement owing to have a disc spring 50.

Have again,,, can irrespectively produce the elastic energy of constant with the displacement of disc spring 50 so can guarantee big displacement owing to have disc spring 50.Therefore, because the elastic energy that the second rotor travelling gear 60 bears constant from disc spring 50, and irrelevant with the size of external impact, so can make the action of the second rotor travelling gear 60 stable.

(7) because piezoelectric element 22 forms rectangular plate shape, so can promote the slimming of Piexoelectric actuator 10.

(8) because being set, testing circuit 107 detects the amount of movement that the first rotor travelling gear 40 is a rotor, so can also correctly set the amount of movement of pointer 2.That is, because the oscillator 20 of piezoelectric actuator 4 comes transmitting torque with rotor through friction, so be difficult to utilize the driving time of piezoelectric actuator 4 to come the correct rotation amount of setting rotor.So; In this execution mode; The amount of movement of the first rotor travelling gear 40 that in fact comes detection rotor through testing circuit 107 or directly drive with rotor makes to drive in the moment that rotor has moved scheduled volume through testing circuit 107 to stop, so correctly movable rotor is a pointer 2.

(second execution mode)

Below, the Piexoelectric actuator 10A in the clock and watch of second execution mode of the present invention is described to Figure 14 according to Figure 11.

Figure 11 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator 10A of expression clock and watch.Figure 12～Figure 14 is the longitudinal section of expression Piexoelectric actuator 10A.Have, Figure 12 is the cutaway view of the bang path that among Figure 11 rotor (rotor ring 30, rotor pinion 32, rotor gear 33), breast wheel 6, rotor drive 5A coupled together again.In addition, Figure 13 is the cutaway view of the bang path that among Figure 11 rotor, escapement lever 8, rotor drive 5A coupled together.Figure 14 is the cutaway view of the piezoelectric actuator 4A that is made up of oscillator 20A and rotor among Figure 11.

Piexoelectric actuator 10A is with respect to the Piexoelectric actuator 10 of above-mentioned first execution mode; Following structure difference: Piexoelectric actuator 10A has the escape wheel 60A corresponding with the second rotor travelling gear; Through the escapement lever 8 that drives by piezoelectric actuator 4A; Come each rotation by predetermined anglec of rotation restriction escape wheel 60A, other structure is roughly the same.

For example, the structure of the piezoelectric actuator 4 in first execution mode in second execution mode also is the same with the essential structure of action, release restrictions (location hole 42 and alignment pin 61) and the circuit structure of elemental motion, clock and watch with action (Fig. 8) with action, by the structure and the action of pressing spring 36, the structure of disc spring 50.In addition, about rotation amount detecting unit and the action of the rotor travelling gear 40A of second execution mode, use the optical profile type detecting unit of rotation amount of the detection the first rotor travelling gear 40 of first execution mode, and carry out same action.

Piexoelectric actuator 10A has: piezoelectric actuator 4A; Breast wheel 6 by this piezoelectric actuator 4A driving; The rotation of breast wheel 6 is driven the rotor drive 5A that is delivered to pointer wheel shown in Figure 63; Cam wheel 7 by piezoelectric actuator 4A driving as cam part; With escapement lever 8 through these cam wheel 7 swings.

Piezoelectric actuator 4A constitutes and comprises oscillator 20A and rotor ring 30.On the rotor rotating shaft 31A of rotor ring 30, be fixed with and drive the rotor gear 33 that is delivered to cam wheel 7 rotating to drive to be delivered to the rotor pinion 32 of breast wheel 6 and will to rotate.Have again, in this execution mode, constitute rotor by rotor ring 30, rotor pinion 32 and rotor gear 33.Therefore, though piezoelectric actuator 4A is adding on rotor gear 33 these aspects differently with respect to the piezoelectric actuator 4 of first execution mode, the structure of oscillator 20A, rotor ring 30, rotor pinion 32, material, action etc. are identical with above-mentioned first execution mode.

Rotor drive 5A constitutes to have: with the rotor travelling gear 40A of breast wheel 6 engagements; One end fastening at the spring of rotor travelling gear 40A with the disc spring in the fastening hole 41 50; The escape wheel 60A that is connected with the other end of disc spring 50; And drive rotating shaft 70.Like this, constituted second bang path that the actuating force of rotor ring 30 is delivered to disc spring 50.

In rotor travelling gear 40A, likewise be formed with the spring that on the rotating shaft direction, runs through with fastening hole 41 and location hole 42 with above-mentioned first execution mode.

Escape wheel 60A has 15 escapement teeth 62, and escape wheel 60A is supported on and escapement lever 8 opposed position.On swiveling wheel rotating shaft 70, be fixed with escapement pinion 67 (Figure 12) together with escape wheel 60A.Escapement pinion 67 rotates with escape wheel 60A integratedly, and with not shown engagements such as pointer wheel.In addition, on drive rotating shaft 70, can be supported with rotor travelling gear 40A with rotating freely.Have again, owing on drive rotating shaft 70, be fixed with the other end of disc spring 50, so escape wheel 60A is connected with the other end of disc spring 50.

Have, on escape wheel 60A, with the second rotor travelling gear, the 60 the same alignment pins 61 that are fixed with of first execution mode, alignment pin 61 is side-prominent to rotor travelling gear 40A, and in above-mentioned location hole 42, passes again.

When assemble rotor drive 5A and with rotor drive 5A, as Figure 11, together be assembled into last times such as base plate with each parts, above-mentioned location hole 42 and alignment pin 61 are used to keep the initial deflection of disc spring 50 as explaining in the first embodiment.

Cam wheel 7 have with the central shaft of the cam pinion 71 of rotor gear 33 engagement, periphery with respect to the circular cam 72 of rotating shaft eccentric, this cam pinion 71 and cam 72 fixing cam rotating shafts 73 are constituted.

Escapement lever 8 has escapement lever main part 81, two pawls 82,83, the notch 84 that engages with cam 72, escapement lever rotating shaft 85 and constitutes.

Escapement lever main part 81 has first arm 811 and second arm, 812, the first arms 811 and second arm 812 and clips escapement lever rotating shaft 85 and be formed on both sides, and to support to be the center swing with escapement lever rotating shaft 85.First arm 811 extends setting from escapement lever rotating shaft 85 to the opposition side of rotor gear 33 sides, and is fixed with the side-prominent pawl 82 to escape wheel 60A.Second arm 812 extends setting from escapement lever rotating shaft 85 to rotor gear 33 sides, and is fixed with the side-prominent pawl 83 to escape wheel 60A.

Along with from escapement lever rotating shaft 85 to the width dimensions expansion of rotor ring 30 near, second arm 812.Be formed with notch 84, the second arms 812 integral body in the zone of this expansion and form roughly コ word shape.Cam wheel 7 disposes with the mode in the side of the medial surface butt cam 72 of this notch 84.

In such structure, when rotor gear 33 rotations, cam wheel 7 rotations, through the cam 72 of off-centre, escapement lever 8 swings.Here, when cam wheel 7 rotates a circle, escapement lever 8 only reciprocally swinging once, two pawls 82,83 of escapement lever 8 alternately with escape wheel 60A butt.Like this, constituted first bang path that the actuating force of rotor ring 30 is passed to escapement lever 8.

In such structure, when escape wheel 60A rotated, two pawls 82,83 alternately were inserted between the escapement tooth 62, thereby limited the anglec of rotation of escape wheel 60A by constant angle.Promptly; When escapement lever 8 is swung to first direction (being counterclockwise in Figure 11); A pawl 83 of escapement lever 8 is inserted between the escapement tooth 62 and with when clockwise direction rotates escapement tooth 62 butts of the escape wheel 60A that drives, the rotation of escape wheel 60A is limited.

Have again, when escapement lever 8 when second direction (being clockwise direction in Figure 11) is swung, a pawl 83 of escapement lever 8 leaves between escapement tooth 62, has removed the restriction of escape wheel 60A.Simultaneously, another pawl 82 is inserted between the escapement tooth 62, and escape wheel 60A rotation is equivalent to the angle of the half tooth of escapement tooth 62 apart from size, another pawl 82 of escapement lever 8 and escapement tooth 62 butts of escape wheel 60A.Limited the rotation of escape wheel 60A like this, once more.

Therefore, in this execution mode, constituted by escape wheel 60A and to be rotated body, constituted swiveling limitation mechanism by escapement lever 8.

Have again; The oscillator 20 of piezoelectric actuator 4 is fixed on the base plate as the base frame of clock and watch 1 through arm 211; One end of the rotating shaft of the cam rotating shaft 73 of the rotating shaft of rotor rotating shaft 31A, breast wheel 6, drive rotating shaft 70, cam wheel 7, escapement lever rotating shaft 85 and pointer wheel 3 is by the axle support holes axle supporting of base plate, and their other end is supported by the train axle support axle with the base plate arranged opposite and keeps.Have, an end axle of the rotating shaft of pointer wheel 3 and each rotating shaft of other pointer wheel is bearing on the base plate again, but the other end also can be supported on the support unit beyond the train by axle.

In addition, escape wheel 60A, escapement lever 8, each gear of rotating through escape wheel 60A in addition preferably are made up of nonmagnetic substance.But these materials are not limited to nonmagnetic substance.

In addition, in this execution mode, also have the same circuit structure of circuit structure (Fig. 8) with first execution mode, also be provided with the optical position detecting unit and the testing circuit 107 of the position of rotation of detection rotor.When rotor was driven to the precalculated position, position detection unit was to control circuit 104 output precalculated position detection signals.Control circuit 104 makes the control that the output of drive signal stops, the control that Piexoelectric actuator 10 is stopped to clock and watch drive circuit 106 when receiving above-mentioned detection signal.

Have again; Above-mentioned testing circuit 107 is the amount of movement of the parts of formation such as detection rotor ring 30 or rotor gear 33 rotor directly; Also can through detect breast wheel 6 or rotor travelling gear 40A etc. on the transmission of torque path than disc spring 50 be configured to more to lean on rotor-side and with the amount of movement of the synchronously driven parts of rotor, come the amount of movement of detection rotor indirectly.

Have, through escapement lever 8 and escape wheel 60A are set, but to control escape wheel 60A well be moving of pointer 2 to precision again.Therefore; The testing circuit that the driving of control piezoelectric actuator 4A stops to be configured to: can drive pressure electric drive 4A, and make the state that engages with the escapement tooth 62 of escape wheel 60A from a pawl 82,83 of escapement lever 8 become the state that another pawl 82,83 engages with escapement tooth 62 reliably.

For example, in this execution mode, set for: when rotor ring 30 rotations 30 were spent, the pawl 82,83 of escapement lever 8 switched with engaging of escapement tooth 62.In this case, testing circuit is as long as detection rotor ring 30 rotates 30 degree really.

For example, consider the detection error of testing circuit, can testing circuit be constituted rotor ring 30 rotation 31 degree are detected, and can be set at and detect more than rotor rotated 30 degree at least.In this case; Though it is big slightly that the anglec of rotation of cam wheel 7 becomes; But it is shown in figure 11; Because to little with the variable quantity of the distance of the side of the cam 72 of notch 84 butts, so escapement lever 8 also moves hardly, can also keep the pawl 82,83 of escapement lever 8 and the fastening state of escapement tooth 62 from cam rotating shaft 73 this moment.In addition; Rotor slightly over run situation under; The escape wheel 60A that stops with respect to engaging with the pawl 82,83 of escapement lever 8, rotor travelling gear 40A rotation, but this rotation amount can be absorbed through the coiling of disc spring 50; And the variation of the elastic energy of the disc spring 50 that causes thus is also very little, so can not influence the running of pointer 2.

Below, the action of Piexoelectric actuator 10A is described.

Rotor ring 30 is that rotor passes through oscillator 20A and goes up rotation to clockwise direction (direction of the arrow A shown in Figure 11).The rotation of rotor ring 30 is delivered to breast wheel 6 and cam wheel 7 respectively.The rotation of breast wheel 6 is delivered to rotor travelling gear 40A.The rotating tee of rotor travelling gear 40A is crossed the elastic energy of disc spring 50 and is delivered to escape wheel 60A.

Here, set for to the train of rotor travelling gear 40A from rotor ring 30: under the situation of rotor ring 30 rotations 30 degree, rotor travelling gear 40A is rotated with decelerating to 12 degree.In addition, the rotation speedup of rotor ring 30 is delivered to cam wheel 7, and sets for: under the situation of rotor ring 30 rotations 30 degree, and cam wheel 7 Rotate 180 degree.

During the rotation of escapement lever 8 restriction escape wheel 60A, under the state that escape wheel 60A stops, strains take place in disc spring 50, and the energy of rotation of rotor ring 30 is accumulated as elastic energy.Then, cam wheel 7 rotation, because the off-centre of cam 72, escapement lever 8 swings, when a pawl of the escapement lever 8 that engage with escape wheel 60A during from escapement tooth 62 disengagings of escape wheel 60A, escape wheel 60A rotates by means of the elastic energy of disc spring 50.At this moment, the fore-end of another pawl of escapement lever 8 is inserted between the escapement tooth 62.When another pawl of escapement lever 8 further is inserted into inside between the escapement tooth 62, escapement tooth 62 with the pawl butt, limit the rotation of escape wheel 60A once more.In addition, through the once reciprocating swing of escapement lever 8,1 tooth pitch of escape wheel 60A rotation (24 degree).That is, when rotor ring 30 rotations 30 are spent, cam wheel 7 Rotate 180 degree, thus escapement lever 8 moves to a direction, escape wheel 60A rotation 12 degree.At this moment, rotor travelling gear 40A rotation 12 degree are so disc spring 50 turns back to initial condition.Therefore, escape wheel 60A is driven through the swing of escapement lever 8 off and on.

That is, in Figure 11, the state that a pawl 83 of escapement lever is engaged with the escapement tooth 62 of escape wheel 60A is to start with the time (shown position among Figure 11); The once reciprocating that following such circulation is called escapement lever: cam 72 begins rotation; Pawl 83 and escapement tooth 62 away from, another pawl 82 of escapement lever engages with other escapement tooth 62, another pawl 82 again with other escapement tooth 62 away from; A pawl 83 engages with the escapement tooth 62 of escape wheel 60A once more, stops up to the rotation of cam 72.Therefore, it is reciprocal that the once reciprocating of escapement lever becomes the once swing of escapement lever.

Rotor drive 5A keeps the initial deflection of disc spring 50 through the butt of alignment pin 61 and location hole 42 under initial assembled state, so the gap size between alignment pin 61 and the location hole 42 is 0.

Shown in figure 11, under the state of the pawl 83 of escapement tooth 62 and escapement lever or 82 butts, above-mentioned location hole 42 and alignment pin 61 set for produce the gap that is of a size of L.This gap is set at the value of following degree: under the state of the pawl 83 of escapement tooth 62 and escapement lever or 82 butts, even exist under the situation of the fluctuation of closing based part and assembling position, the size in gap can not be 0 yet.Through being provided with the gap of the above-mentioned L of being of a size of, escapement tooth 62 engages with escapement lever 82,83 reliably.

In addition, be of a size of the gap of L, escapement lever 8 correctly be positioned on the precalculated position by escape wheel 60A through formation.That is, under the situation of escapement tooth 62 and pawl 83 butts of escapement lever 8, by means of the spring force of disc spring 50, escapement tooth 62 is pushed the pawl 83 of escapement lever 8, therefore makes the escapement lever 8 will be to rotation counterclockwise in Figure 11.Therefore, escapement lever 8 is positioned in the position of escapement tooth 62 with pawl 83 butts of escapement lever 8.

In addition, under the situation of escapement tooth 62 and pawl 82 butts of escapement lever 8, by means of the spring force of disc spring 50, escapement tooth 62 is pushed the pawl 82 of escapement lever 8, therefore escapement lever 8 will be rotated in Figure 11 to clockwise direction.Therefore, escapement lever 8 is positioned in the position of escapement tooth 62 with pawl 82 butts of escapement lever 8.

Have again, the elastic energy of disc spring 50 to escape wheel 60A to the direction application of force that it is turned clockwise, so under the state of the pawl 82,83 of escapement lever 8 and escapement tooth 62 butts, frictional force to each other increases.

In addition, even because of the impact from the outside causes escapement lever 8 swing itself, because escapement lever 8 and cam wheel 7 be connected through cam mechanism, so energy of rotation can not be delivered to cam wheel 7 from escapement lever 8.Therefore, even,, remove the situation of the restriction of escape wheel 60A so escapement lever 8 swings can not take place, can keep the position of pointer etc. owing to can not transmit as the power that makes cam 72 rotations because of the impact effect has the power of the direction that makes escapement lever 8 swing.

According to this such execution mode, except with the roughly the same effect of the effect of above-mentioned (1)～(8), can also reach following effect.

(9) through the driving of piezoelectric actuator 4A, on escape wheel 60A, applied energy of rotation, and through escapement lever 8; Escape wheel 60A is rotated by the constant angle restriction; So even with respect to the drive amount of piezoelectric actuator 4A, if the rotation amount of escape wheel 60A does not have to confirm, because escape wheel 60A rotary constant angle singlely; Escapement lever 8 just is restricted to constant angle with the anglec of rotation of escape wheel 60A, so the rotation amount of escape wheel 60A also is correctly constant.Therefore; Can prevent over run through the escape wheel 60A of piezoelectric actuator 4A rotation; So do not need strictly to control the anglec of rotation of rotor ring 30; The precision of the anglec of rotation of escape wheel 60A can be improved, display precision can be improved through pointer 2 display units such as grade of escape wheel 60A rotation.

(10) in addition, through escapement lever 8 and escape wheel 60A are set, but to control escape wheel 60A well be moving of pointer 2 to precision.Therefore; In testing circuit; Even considering the detection error; And set for rotor is rotated than predetermined target value under the situation about detecting slightly bigly, this over run amount also can be by absorptions such as cam wheel 7, escapement lever 8, escapement tooth 62, disc springs 50, and escape wheel 60A or pointer 2 can correctly drive.

(11) have again,, carry out the moment and rotate during correction operations so can limited wheel tie up to moment correction mechanism such as utilization table hat because the pawl 82,83 of escapement lever 8 meshes with escape wheel 60A.Therefore, the function that limited wheel in the general quartz clock ties up to the limit rod of rotation when constantly revising can be implemented in, in this execution mode, limit rod can be do not needed.

(12) because can be with the drive source of escape wheel 60A and the drive source sharing of escapement lever 8, so can realize the minimizing of number of components and the miniaturization of clock and watch.

(13) owing to implement the reciprocating action of escapement lever 8 through cam 72, can be so do not need to constitute to the rotation of two directions as the piezoelectric actuator 4A of the drive source of escapement lever 8, can form can be to the structure of a direction rotation.Particularly owing to use the oscillator 20A of rectangular plate shape, therefore single rotary can freely selection and the contact position of rotor ring 30 so can improve the transmission efficiency of actuating force, can promote low-powerization and high torqueization.

(the 3rd execution mode)

Below, the Piexoelectric actuator 10B in the clock and watch of the 3rd execution mode of the present invention is described to Figure 18 according to Figure 15.

Figure 15 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator 10B in the expression clock and watch.Figure 16 and Figure 17 are the longitudinal sections of expression Piexoelectric actuator 10B.Figure 18 is the vertical view that is used to explain the driving of Piexoelectric actuator 10B.

Piexoelectric actuator 10B is with respect to the Piexoelectric actuator 10A of above-mentioned second execution mode; The difference of structure is; Use as the driven pulley 60B that is rotated body to replace escape wheel 60A, use the driving wheel 9 as swiveling limitation mechanism to replace escapement lever 8, other structure is roughly the same.

Piexoelectric actuator 10B constitutes and comprises: with the breast wheel 6A of rotor ring 30A engagement and rotation; The driving wheel 9 that rotates through breast wheel 6A; And rotor drive 5B.

Rotor ring 30A and rotor gear 33 together are fixed on the rotor rotating shaft 31A, constitute rotor of the present invention through these rotor rings 30A and rotor gear 33.

Driving wheel 9 constitutes to have: with the driver pinion 91 of breast wheel 6A engagement; Actuating cam 92; And the active rotation axle 93 of fixing these driver pinions 91 and actuating cam 92.

It is that the center forms two roughly fan-shaped cam bits 921 diametrically that actuating cam 92 has with active rotation axle 93.Two cam bits 921 are that the center forms with the interval of 180 degree each other with active rotation axle 93, are with respect to the mutual point-symmetric shape of the central shaft of active rotation axle 93.In addition, be formed with recess 922 from each cam bit 921 respectively to the position of two directions skew, 90 degree, these two recesses 922 are that the center is opposed each other with active rotation axle 93.

Rotor drive 5B constitutes to have: rotor travelling gear 40A, disc spring 50, driven pulley 60B and drive rotating shaft 70; Shown in figure 16; With drive rotating shaft 70 is rotating shaft, according to the arranged in order of rotor travelling gear 40A, disc spring 50, driven pulley 60B.

Rotor travelling gear 40A and rotor gear 33 engagements, rotor travelling gear 40A is supported to and can rotate freely by drive rotating shaft 70.On rotor travelling gear 40A, be fixed with location-plate 43.Location-plate 43 is that integral body is the plate-shaped member of circular, on the part of its side, has the sidepiece 431 of string shape.In the central authorities of the sidepiece 431 of string shape, be formed with to radially outstanding location with fastening sheet 432.The location is bent to driven pulley 60B lateral bending at mid portion with fastening sheet 432, and its front end extends setting towards driven pulley 60B.

Driven pulley 60B is fixed on the drive rotating shaft 70.On driven pulley 60B, be formed with and run through rotation axial location hole 63 and spring with fastening hole 64.Location hole 63 is that the location is inserted in the location hole 63 with the front end of fastening sheet 432 along the slotted hole of the periphery formation of driven pulley 60B.In the periphery of driven pulley 60B, whenever be formed with to nine radially outstanding driven tooth 65 at a distance from the interval of 40 degree, the leading section of driven tooth 65 is processed to the semicircle arcuation.

The end fastening of the outer circumferential side of disc spring 50 spring with fastening hole 64 in, the end of the central shaft side of disc spring 50 is fixed in the tube portion 44 of rotor travelling gear 40A through coiling.

Driving wheel 9 is configured in driven tooth 65 and cam bit 921 position engaged places with rotor drive 5B.Therefore, in this execution mode, constituted the release restrictions by location-plate 43 and location hole 63.Like this, rotor ring 30A is passed to breast wheel 6A and rotor travelling gear 40A with rotation.Therefore, constituted swiveling limitation mechanism, constituted Maltese cross with driven pulley 60B by driving wheel 9 by driving wheel 9.

In addition, also the same in this execution mode with first and second execution mode, be provided with the testing circuit of the rotation of detection rotor.In this execution mode; Also directly detection rotor ring 30A or rotor gear 33 etc. constitute the amount of movement of the parts of rotor to above-mentioned testing circuit; Also can through detection rotor travelling gear 40A etc. the rotor-side configuration of disc spring 50 and with the amount of movement of the synchronously driven parts of rotor, come the amount of movement of detection rotor indirectly.

Have, owing to be provided with the Maltese cross that is made up of driving wheel 9 and driven pulley 60B, so the same with second execution mode that is provided with escapement lever 8 and escape wheel 60A, can precision controlling driven pulley 60B well is moving of pointer 2 again.And testing circuit is also considered and is detected error and be set to reliably that detection rotor ring 30A has moved predetermined angular at least.At this moment, though the rotor over run, the displacement that also can absorb this part that transfinites, running that can image pointer 2 through snap portions or the disc spring 50 of driving wheel 9 and driven pulley 60B.

Below, the action of Piexoelectric actuator 10B is described.

Rotor ring 30A is through oscillator 20A and to (direction of arrow A) rotation counterclockwise.The rotation of rotor ring 30A is delivered to breast wheel 6A and rotor travelling gear 40A respectively through rotor gear 33.The rotor of breast wheel 6A is passed to driving wheel 9.The rotating tee of rotor travelling gear 40A is crossed the elastic energy of disc spring 50 and is delivered to driven pulley 60B.

Here, the train from rotor ring 30A to rotor travelling gear 40A is set at: under the situation of rotor ring 30A rotation 20 degree, rotor travelling gear 40A speedup to 40 degree is that speedup to 2 times ground is rotated.In addition, the rotation speedup of rotor ring 30A is delivered to driving wheel 9, and is set at: under the situation of rotor ring 30A rotation 20 degree, and driving wheel 9 Rotate 180 degree.Driven pulley 60B is driven by the actuating cam 92 of driving wheel 9 off and on.Therefore, during the rotation of actuating cam 92 restriction driven pulley 60B, under the state that driven pulley 60B stops, strain takes place in disc spring 50, and the energy of rotation of rotor ring 30A is accumulated as elastic energy.

Then; Driving wheel 9 rotations, the cam bit 921 of the rotation of restriction driven pulley 60B is to the counter clockwise direction feeding, when recess 922 is fed into driven pulley 60B opposed position; The restriction cancellation of driven pulley 60B therebetween, driven pulley 60B begins rotation (Figure 18) by means of the elastic energy of disc spring 50.Then, driving wheel 9 rotations, when the cam bit 921 of opposition side was fed into driven pulley 60B opposed position, the cam bit 921 of opposition side and next driven tooth 65 engagement had limited the rotation of driven pulley 60B once more.

Have again, when driving wheel 9 every Rotate 180s are spent, tooth pitch of driven pulley 60B rotation (40 degree).That is, when rotor ring 30A rotation 20 is spent, driving wheel 9 Rotate 180 degree, thus, and driven pulley 60B rotation 40 degree, at this moment, through rotor ring 30A, rotor travelling gear 40A rotation 40 degree are so disc spring 50 turns back to initial condition.

According to this such execution mode, can realize the roughly the same effect of effect with above-mentioned (1)～(13).

(14) particularly on driven pulley 60B, applied energy of rotation through the driving of piezoelectric actuator 4A; And limit the rotation of driven pulley 60B according to constant angle by driving wheel 9 at every turn; Even so there is not to confirm the rotation amount of driven pulley 60B with respect to the drive amount of piezoelectric actuator 4A singlely; Because if driven pulley 60B rotary constant angle, 9 anglecs of rotation with driven pulley 60B of driving wheel are restricted to constant angle, so the rotation amount of driven pulley 60B is correctly constant.Therefore; The over run of the driven pulley 60B that can prevent to rotate through piezoelectric actuator 4A; So do not need strictly to control the anglec of rotation of rotor ring 30A; The precision of the anglec of rotation of driven pulley 60B can be improved, display precision can be improved through pointer 2 display units such as grade of driven pulley 60B rotation.

(the 4th execution mode)

Below, the Piexoelectric actuator 10C in the clock and watch of the 4th execution mode of the present invention is described to Figure 21 according to Figure 19.

Figure 19 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator 10C in the expression clock and watch.Figure 20 and Figure 21 are the longitudinal sections of expression Piexoelectric actuator 10C.In the Piexoelectric actuator 10B of above-mentioned the 3rd execution mode; Disc spring 50 is configured between rotor travelling gear 40A and the driven pulley 60B; Relative therewith; The structure of the Piexoelectric actuator 10C of this execution mode is being configured in disc spring 50B between rotor gear 33A and the rotor travelling gear 34 on this aspect differently, but other structure is roughly the same.In addition, in this execution mode, specify the structure of testing circuit 107.

Rotor ring 30B is fixed on the rotor gear 33A, has constituted rotor of the present invention by rotor ring 30B and rotor gear 33A.Rotor gear 33A for example is that synthetic resin is processed, and it is fixed on the metal rotor rotating shaft 31B.These rotor rings 30B, rotor gear 33A, rotor rotating shaft 31B rotate integratedly.

Rotor gear 33A has: the rotor gear main part 332 of matching and fixing rotor ring 30B and extend the rotor gear portion 333 of setting from the end of rotor travelling gear 34 sides diametrically.Being formed with the spring that holds disc spring 50B in rotor travelling gear 34 sides of rotor gear main part 332 holds with recess 334.

Shown in figure 21, position probing is formed on the rotor gear main part 332 with hole 331, and runs through along the rotating shaft direction.Position probing forms with every interval at a distance from 20 degree along periphery with hole 331, in Figure 19, illustrates a part.

Hold on the inner peripheral surface with recess 334 at spring, roughly be formed with polarizing slot portion 335 and spring fastening notch 336 on the opposed position.The end fastening of the outer circumferential side of disc spring 50B is on spring fastening notch 336, and the end of the central shaft side of disc spring 50B is fixed in the tube portion 341 of rotor travelling gear 34 through coiling.

On rotor travelling gear 34, be formed with positioning salient 342, this positioning salient 342 is side-prominent to rotor gear 33A, and is inserted in the polarizing slot portion 335.Therefore, in this execution mode, constituted by rotor travelling gear 34 and to be rotated body, constituted the release restrictions with polarizing slot portion 335 by positioning salient 342.

Driving wheel 9 is configured on driven tooth 65A and cam bit 921 position engaged with rotor drive 5C.

Clipping on the position of position probing with hole 331, dispose optical chopper 51.Optical chopper 51 be have photophore 511 and light-receiving device 512, the detection position detects the infiltration type detector with hole 331.Have again, can use the such reflection-type detector of reflective optical system to replace optical chopper 51, also can be through being identified in the position that the last check pattern that forms of rotor gear 33A waits detection rotor gear 33A.

According to this such execution mode, except with the roughly the same effect of the effect of above-mentioned (1)～(14), can also realize following effect.

(15) because the formation on same axle of the rotating shaft of the rotating shaft of rotor ring 30B and rotor travelling gear 34; So and between rotor ring 30B and disc spring 50B as above-mentioned first～the 3rd execution mode configuration the actuating force of rotor ring 30B is delivered to other rotary body (the first rotor travelling gear 40 etc.) of disc spring 50B; And compare to the situation of rotor travelling gear 34 transmission of drive force through this other rotary body, can make the load that is applied on the rotor ring 30B reduce to be equivalent to the amount of the moment of inertia of other rotary body.Therefore, the amount high-speed driving piezoelectric actuator 4B of the enough moments of inertia that reduces of ability can shorten making piezoelectric actuator 4B drive the power making time under the scheduled volume situation, can promote low-powerization.

(the 5th execution mode)

Next, according to Figure 22 and Figure 23 the Piexoelectric actuator 10D in the clock and watch of the 5th execution mode of the present invention is described.

Figure 22 is the vertical view of the Piexoelectric actuator 10D in the expression clock and watch.Figure 23 is the exploded perspective view of structure of the rotor ring of expression Piexoelectric actuator 10D.

Piexoelectric actuator 10D constitutes actuating force through piezoelectric actuator 4C makes reverse escapement escapement lever 8A swing, the escapement tooth 62A butt through reverse escapement escapement lever 8A and reverse escapement escape wheel 60C make reverse escapement escape wheel 60C rotation; Piexoelectric actuator 10D is such drive unit: the part of the transmission mechanism from rotor ring 30C to reverse escapement escape wheel 60C, used the transmission mechanism that constitutes with the disc spring in the Piexoelectric actuator 10 of above-mentioned first execution mode 50.

Shown in figure 22, Piexoelectric actuator 10D has piezoelectric actuator 4C, as the reverse escapement escapement lever 8A of swing unit and reverse escapement escape wheel 60C.

On the two sides of the piezoelectric element 22A of the oscillator 20B that constitutes piezoelectric actuator 4C; Utilize coating to be formed with electrode; In this execution mode, insulate through make coating with groove, and formed the drive electrode 231 of cross shape, the drive electrode 232,233 of rectangular shape.Through these drive electrodes 231～233, piezoelectric element has had the structure that is divided into 5 parts.And when drive electrode 231～233 was applied voltage, through the drive electrode 232,233 that switching applies, abutting part 212A was to clockwise direction or counterclockwise describe elliptical orbit ground and vibrate.

The rotor ring 30C of piezoelectric actuator 4C can be supported on the support arm 35A with rotating freely, and by the abutting part 212A application of force of piezoelectric actuator 4C.When the abutting part 212A of piezoelectric actuator 4C to clockwise direction or when counterclockwise describing that roughly elliptic orbit ground vibrates; Between abutting part 212A and rotor ring 30C, produce suitable frictional force; The actuating force of piezoelectric actuator 4C is passed to

rotor gear

33B, 33C, and

rotor gear

33B, 33C are to clockwise direction or rotation counterclockwise.

Reverse escapement escapement lever 8A constitute have escapement lever main part 81A, two

pawl

82A, 83A and gears (escapement lever pinion) 86.

Escapement lever main part 81A has the first arm 811A, the second arm 812A and escapement lever rotating shaft 85A, and they form as one.Escapement lever main part 81A can be that the center swingingly is supported on base plate etc. with escapement lever rotating shaft 85A.

The first arm 811A and the second arm 812A clip escapement lever rotating shaft 85A extension and are arranged on both sides, on the first arm 811A, pawl 82A are installed, and on the second arm 812A, pawl 83A are installed.

Escapement lever pinion 86 is embedded on the escapement lever rotating shaft 85A, and meshes with rotor gear 33B, 33C.Like this, the actuating force of

rotor gear

33B, 33C is passed to reverse escapement escapement lever 8A.

Here, be 36 for example through the number of teeth that makes

rotor gear

33B, 33C, the number of teeth that makes escapement lever pinion 86 is 9, and the rotating speed of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A is set at 4 times with respect to the speed increasing ratio of the rotating speed of rotor gear 33B, 33C.That is, constitute: as rotor gear 33B, when 33C rotation 6 is spent, escapement lever rotation 24 degree.

The escapement lever rotating shaft 85A that two

pawl

82A, 83A clip escapement lever main part 81A is arranged on two places.In addition, at the leading section of two

pawl

82A, 83A, be formed with inclined plane 821,831.Inclined plane the 821, the 831st, for reverse escapement escapement lever 8A swing,

pawl

82A, 83A and after reverse escapement escape wheel 60C generation rotary driving force is provided with during the escapement tooth 62A butt of the reverse escapement escape wheel 60C that states.

Reverse escapement escape wheel 60C is the gear with 30 escapement tooth 62A, and it can be supported with respect to base plate with rotating freely.In addition, reverse escapement escape wheel 60C is arranged at two pawl 82A, the 83A opposed position place with reverse escapement escapement lever 8A, on reverse escapement escape wheel 60C, not shown second hand is installed.

At the front end of escapement tooth 62A, be formed with inclined plane 621 with inclined plane 821,831 butts of two pawl 82A, 83A.In addition, between each escapement tooth 62A, be formed with teeth groove 66, so that when reverse escapement escape wheel 60C rotation, the corner of reverse escapement escape wheel 60C be restricted to constant angle two

pawl

82A, 83A fastening.In this execution mode, constituted rotation restrictions of the present invention through two pawl 82A, 83A.Promptly; Reverse escapement escapement lever 8A swings to first direction (counterclockwise direction); When the escapement tooth 62A butt of pawl 83A of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A and reverse escapement escape wheel 60C; Escapement tooth 62A is pushed to counterclockwise direction of rotation, so reverse escapement escape wheel 60C rotates to constant direction.And, through teeth groove 66, thereby limit the rotation of reverse escapement escape wheel 60C with constant angle by the reverse escapement escape wheel of the pawl 83A fastening 60C of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A.

At reverse escapement escapement lever 8A when second direction (clockwise direction) is swung; The pawl 83A of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A breaks away from from teeth groove 66; Removed the restriction of reverse escapement escape wheel 60C, then, another pawl 82A and the escapement tooth 62A butt of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A; Escapement tooth 62A is pushed to counterclockwise direction of rotation, so reverse escapement escape wheel 60C rotates to upwards direction.Then, through teeth groove 66, thereby limit the rotation of reverse escapement escape wheel 60C with constant angle by the reverse escapement escape wheel of the pawl 82A fastening 60C of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A.Can carry out the mode of above-mentioned such action, come to dispose each pawl 82A, the 83A of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A with respect to each escapement tooth 62A of reverse escapement escape wheel 60C.

On reverse escapement escape wheel 60C, gear (escapement pinion) 67A is mounted to the rotating shaft of reverse escapement escape wheel 60C concentric, escapement pinion 67a and No. three wheel 68 engagements.

Shown in figure 23, rotor ring 30C is fixed on the rotor rotating shaft 31B, and rotates integratedly with rotor rotating shaft 31B.On rotor rotating shaft 31B,, can be supported with the first rotor gear 33B and two gears of the second rotor gear 33C to clip the mode of rotor ring 30C with rotating freely.At first, second rotor gear 33B, the last spring that is formed with respectively of 33C with

fastening hole

336B, 336C.

Between rotor ring 30C and first,

second rotor gear

33B, 33C, dispose the first disc spring 50C and the second disc spring 50D respectively.

The first disc spring 50C forms spring wire around clockwise coiling, the end fastening of its outer circumferential side spring with fastening hole 336B in, the end of its central shaft side is fixed on the rotor rotating shaft 31B through coiling.Rotate to counter clockwise direction prior to the first rotor gear 33B through rotor ring 30C, the direction generation strain that the first disc spring 50C increases to the number of turn, thus can the anticlockwise actuating force that be passed to rotor ring 30C be accumulated as elastic energy.

The second disc spring 50D forms spring wire around counterclockwise coiling, the end fastening of its outer circumferential side spring with fastening hole 336C in, the end of its central shaft side is fixed on the rotor rotating shaft 31B through coiling.Rotate to clockwise direction prior to the second rotor gear 33C through rotor ring 30C, the direction generation strain that the second disc spring 50D increases to the number of turn, thus can the clockwise actuating force that be passed to rotor ring 30C be accumulated as elastic energy.

Therefore, in this execution mode, 30C has constituted rotor by rotor ring, has been made up of the first rotor gear 33B and second rotor gear 33 to be rotated body.

Have, in this execution mode, also the same with above-mentioned each execution mode testing circuit that is provided with, this testing circuit are used for the driving of the rotation amount of detection rotor with control piezoelectric actuator 4C again.

Below, the method for operating of Piexoelectric actuator 10D is described.

When reverse escapement escapement lever 8A when first direction (counterclockwise) is swung, reverse escapement escape wheel 60C rotation is equivalent to the anglec of rotation of the half tooth of gear apart from size.In addition, when reverse escapement escapement lever 8A when second direction (clockwise direction) is swung, reverse escapement escape wheel 60C is further rotated the half tooth that the is equivalent to gear anglec of rotation apart from size.Through repeating above-mentioned action, through the swing of reverse escapement escapement lever 8A, reverse escapement escape wheel 60C comes to rotate off and on apart from size with the half tooth of tooth at every turn.Therefore, realized being installed in the step-operated of 1 second size of the second hand 91 on the reverse escapement escape wheel 60C.

According to this such execution mode,, can also realize following effect except with the roughly the same effect of the effect of above-mentioned each execution mode.

(16) through the elastic device that is made up of first,

second disc spring

50C, 50D is set, the load to piezoelectric actuator 4C is diminished, improve the rotating speed of rotor ring 30C, can shorten the time of advancing, can realize low-powerization with the step of expecting.

(variation of the present invention)

Have, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode again, can realize that the distortion, improvement etc. in the scope of the object of the invention are also contained among the present invention.

For example; In above-mentioned first execution mode, illustration the first rotor travelling gear 40 have location hole 42, the second rotor travelling gears 60 and have the release restrictions of alignment pin 61; But for example also can be that the first rotor travelling gear 40 has alignment pin, the second rotor travelling gear 60 has location hole.In addition, discharging restrictions as long as keep the initial deflection of elastic device at least, also can be the engaging method in addition of utilizing pin and hole, for example, on first, second rotor travelling gear, forms the jut of butt mutually respectively.

In above-mentioned first execution mode; Disc spring 50 as elastic device, is fixed on the end of peripheral direction on the first rotor travelling gear 40, the end of center position is fixed on the second rotor travelling gear 60; Disc spring 50 is installed on such direction: make the first rotor travelling gear 40 in advance under the situation of the driving direction rotation of piezoelectric actuator; The deflection of disc spring 50 increases, but also can use the opposite disc spring of coiling direction of disc spring, and with fixing means conversely.Promptly; The end of the center position of disc spring is fixed on the first rotor travelling gear; The end of peripheral direction is fixed on the second rotor travelling gear; Disc spring is installed on such direction (observe disc spring from the second rotor travelling gear side, forms the direction of left-handed spiral): only make the first rotor travelling gear in advance under the situation of rotation, the deflection increase of disc spring.

In above-mentioned each execution mode, disc spring is used as elastic device, but be not limited to this, also can use U-shaped spring, cantilever spring, helical spring etc.In addition, though illustration the cross section of spring wire be circular disc spring 50, also can be the disc spring of square equal cross-section shape.

In above-mentioned the 4th execution mode, illustration the detecting unit of amount of movement of detection rotor gear 33A, but also can be the detecting unit of the amount of movement of detection rotor ring 30B.In addition, in each execution mode,, can be the any-mode beyond the optical profile type as detecting unit, for example, can be magnetic-type, mechanical type (engaging between contact mode, the parts, non-engaging mode etc.).But, if consider to receive the situation of outside magnetic force influence, the detecting unit of preferred optical profile type.

In second execution mode; Be provided with a piezoelectric actuator; This piezoelectric actuator becomes the drive source of first bang path and second bang path, drives first piezoelectric actuator of usefulness and second piezoelectric actuator that second bang path drives usefulness but first bang path also can be set respectively.

For example; The oscillator of available first piezoelectric actuator drives breast wheel 6 or the rotor travelling gear 40A among Figure 11, with the oscillator of second piezoelectric actuator drive rotor ring 30 among Figure 11 (make its separation make its with breast wheel 6 engagements) or cam wheel 7 on fixing in addition rotor part.

Have, in second execution mode, the cam 72 of cam wheel 7 rotates in the notch 84 of escapement lever 8 and makes escapement lever 8 swings again, but the swinging structure of escapement lever 8 is not limited to foregoing, can be arbitrary structures.For example; On the position of the above-mentioned notch 84 of the configuration of escapement lever 8; Embed the axle support holes parts (forming) that fixedly have a support holes with hard materials such as rubies; Replace notch, the outstanding cam pin that is provided with respect to pivot off-centre on cam wheel 7, and this cam pin is inserted in the above-mentioned axle support holes.In this case; Compare with the structure of second execution mode; The area of plane diminishes; The less traction of axle support holes and cam pin, contact radius shorten, are difficult for outflow etc. attached to the lubricating oil on the contact site because of surface tension, thereby can obtain the good reciprocally swinging mechanism of efficient that mechanical loss reduces.

In above-mentioned the 5th execution mode, the mechanism of the reverse escapement that uses the piezoelectric actuator that can drive to both direction has been described, but the piezoelectric actuator that also can use a direction to drive makes reverse escapement escapement lever swing through cam mechanism.

In above-mentioned each execution mode, use pointer 2 to be illustrated, but as pointer 2, but illustration second hand, minute hand, hour hands etc. also can combine them as the driven object thing of Piexoelectric actuator.In addition, as the driven object thing, being not limited to pointer 2, can be the such gig of calendar display panel of clock and watch.

Have, above-mentioned each execution mode utilizes the elastic energy of elastic device to make to be rotated the body rotation again, but also can be the driven member that non-rotation drives by the driven member that elastic device drives.It for example can be linear drives, linear reciprocation driving, the reciprocal driving of circular arc etc. that above-mentioned non-rotation drives.

For example; As long as like this: the downside at the rotor that is driven by the piezoelectric vibrator rotation has formed pinion (pinion); Be formed with tooth bar with the hook tooth of the tooth of this pinion engagement by linear drives; In elastic device (helical spring etc.), accumulate elastic energy, this elastic device is configured in the front of this tooth bar, and flexible on the rectilinear direction that drives above-mentioned tooth bar; Utilize the elastic energy of appropriate timing release elastic device, thereby linear drives is configured in the driven device of the front of elastic device.When above-mentioned driven device linear drives arrives the precalculated position, can return the origin-location.At this moment; Also can constitute: when above-mentioned driven device is got back to the origin-location; Above-mentioned elastic device is pressed, and above-mentioned tooth bar is also by back pressure, and tooth bar is got back to the origin-location when the mode with the outer circumferential side of fleeing from above-mentioned pinion moves; The tooth of while pinion and the ratchet engagement of tooth bar, thus tooth bar is positioned.

Have again, when the above-mentioned tooth bar of linear drives as above-mentioned, also can not use above-mentioned rotor and make piezoelectric vibrator directly contact tooth bar ground linear drives.

In addition, Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention is not limited to clock and watch, and the drive source that also can be used as various electronic equipments uses.That is, for example, can be to drive various timer class that shows pin and the electronic equipment that as turntable, drives driven member etc., with Piexoelectric actuator as electronic equipment with Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention.Particularly, be widely used so can be used as the drive source that requires anti-magnetic because Piexoelectric actuator of the present invention and stepping motor etc. are compared anti-having excellent magnetic characteristics.

In addition, though in above-mentioned record, disclose the optimum structure that is used for embodiment of the present invention, method etc., the present invention is not limited to this.Promptly; Though the present invention has mainly carried out special diagram to specific execution mode and has been illustrated; But those skilled in the art can carry out various distortion aspect shape, material, quantity, other detailed structure to above-described execution mode under the situation of the scope that does not break away from technological thought of the present invention and purpose.

Therefore; The record that defines above-mentioned disclosed shape, material etc. is the record content of representing for example for the ease of understanding of the present invention; It does not limit the present invention, and the record of carrying out with the titles a part of or all parts of qualification of the qualification that has broken away from these shapes, material etc. is also contained among the present invention.

Claims

1. a Piexoelectric actuator is characterized in that, said Piexoelectric actuator has:

Piezoelectric actuator, it has: have the oscillator of piezoelectric element and pass through this oscillator and rotor rotated;

Elastic device, it can be accumulated the energy of rotation of said rotor as elastic energy; And

Be rotated body, it rotates through the elastic energy of in this elastic device, being accumulated,

Said elastic device has initial deflection,

Said rotor and said being rotated on the body, be formed with the release restrictions of keeping said initial deflection.

2. a Piexoelectric actuator is characterized in that, said Piexoelectric actuator has:

Rotor drive, the rotation of said rotor are passed to this rotor drive;

Elastic device, it can be accumulated the energy of rotation of said rotor drive as elastic energy; And

Said elastic device has initial deflection,

Said rotor drive and said being rotated on the body, be formed with the release restrictions of keeping said initial deflection.

3. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,

Said Piexoelectric actuator has the swiveling limitation mechanism that the said anglec of rotation that is rotated body is restricted to predetermined angular.

4. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

Said Piexoelectric actuator has:

First bang path, its with the energy of rotation of said rotor without said elastic device be delivered to said swiveling limitation mechanism; With

Second bang path, its energy of rotation with said rotor is delivered to said elastic device.

5. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

Said swiveling limitation mechanism engages with the said body that is rotated.

6. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

The said body that is rotated is an escape wheel, and said swiveling limitation mechanism is an escapement lever.

7. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 6 is characterized in that,

Said Piexoelectric actuator has cam part, and this cam part engages with said escapement lever, and is driven by said piezoelectric actuator,

This cam part constitutes under the situation that this cam part rotates a circle, and said escapement lever carries out the once reciprocating action.

8. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

Constitute said body and the said swiveling limitation mechanism of being rotated with Maltese cross.

9. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,

Said elastic device is a disc spring.

10. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

This rotor drive is configured on the identical rotating shaft with the said body that is rotated,

One end of said elastic device engages with said rotor drive, and the other end of said elastic device engages with the said body that is rotated.

11. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,

Said rotor is configured on the identical rotating shaft with the said body that is rotated,

One end of said elastic device engages with said rotor, and the other end of said elastic device engages with the said body that is rotated.

12. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Said release restrictions only has the play that can make said rotor rotation in the direction of the deflection that increases said elastic device,

The maximum deflection of said elastic device is set according to the play amount of said release restrictions.

13. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Said release restrictions only has the play that can make said rotor drive rotation in the direction of the deflection that increases said elastic device,

14. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 12 is characterized in that,

Said piezoelectric actuator constitutes and carries out stepper drive,

The play of said release restrictions is a rotation amount corresponding with the driving of a step size of said piezoelectric actuator at least, said rotor.

15. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 13 is characterized in that,

Said piezoelectric actuator constitutes and carries out stepper drive,

The play of said release restrictions is the rotation amount that goes on foot corresponding, the said rotor drive of driving of size at least with one of said piezoelectric actuator.

16. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,

Said Piexoelectric actuator has: swing unit, and it is rotated body and alternately swings to first and second directions through said; With second be rotated body, whenever said swing unit during to said first and second directions swing, this second is rotated body and rotates to constant direction through said swing unit,

Said swing unit have at every turn by constant angle limit said second be rotated the anglec of rotation of body the rotation restrictions.

17. Piexoelectric actuator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,

Said oscillator forms tabular, and constitutes and have the abutting part that contacts with the outer peripheral face of said rotor,

Said Piexoelectric actuator has the unit of pushing, this push the unit with the arbitrary side in said oscillator and the said rotor by the opposing party of pressing to said oscillator and said rotor.

18. an electronic equipment is characterized in that, said electronic equipment has:

The described Piexoelectric actuator of in the claim 1 to 17 each; With

By said Piexoelectric actuator drive by drive division.

19. electronic equipment according to claim 18 is characterized in that,

Said is the clocking information display part that shows the clocking information that arrives through timing portion instrumentation by drive division.