CN101255527B - Boron-modified H-shape steel having well low-temperature impact flexibility and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Boron-modified H-shape steel having well low-temperature impact flexibility and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a boron-modified H type steel having good low-temperature impact toughness and the preparing method thereof. The steel is composed of 0.08 to 0.20 by weight percentage of C, 1.00 to 1.60 by weight percentage of Mn, 0.10 to 0.55 by weight percentage of Si, no more than 0.25 by weigh percentage of P, no more than 0.025 by weight percentage of S, 0.015 to 0.035 by weight percentage of Nb, 0.0005 to 0.0012 by weight percentage of B, and the balance Fe and trace impurity. During melting process, the gas content is controlled: no more than 0.004% of N, and no more than 0.0085% of O. According to the invention, the low-temperature impact toughness of Q345 H type steel is greatly improved; compared with Chinese standard, -40 DEG C AKV has a large surplus, the product quality is easy to be guaranteed; the Q345 H type steel can also be applied to regions having more severe condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the H shaped steel as building slab, particularly a kind of have good low temperature impelling strength add boron Q345 H shaped steel and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Hot rolled H-shaped is a kind of novel economizer construction(al)steel, characteristics such as be widely used in fields such as Highrise buildings, factory building, bridge, boats and ships, handling machinery, Equipment Foundations, support, foundation pile, this product has the cross-sectional shape economical rationality, and mechanical property is good, compare with joist steel, H shaped steel modulus of section is big, when the carrying condition is identical, can save metal 10～15%, parallel because of the outside in its leg again, the leg end is the right angle, and assembling combination becomes member, can save welding, the riveting work amount reaches 25%.H shaped steel steel construction is compared with concrete structure, can significantly alleviate the engineering structure deadweight, reduce the requirement of building structure based process, easy construction and be not subjected to seasonal effect, improve 2～3 times of speed of applications, " golden trade mansion " with the PVG is example, and main body is only used just to have finished less than six months up to the main structure body of nearly 400m and topped out, and steel and concrete structure then needs 2 year duration; Cost reduces, and saves building materials such as cement, and environment protecting is good, compares with welded H section steel, hot rolled H-shapedly can obviously reduce starting material, the energy and artificial consumption, and outward appearance and surface quality are good, reduce investment outlay.
In low-alloy high-tensile structural steel, the Q345 steel is used wider.Its comprehensive mechanical property is good, and welding property, hot and cold processing characteristics and corrosion resisting property are all good, and C, D, E level steel require to have good low-temperature flexibility, and for example GB/T 1591-94 requires vertically-40 ℃ of A of Q345E steel
KV〉=27J.At present, mainly take niobium, vanadium, titanium micro-alloyedization and controlled rolling and controlled cooling process combined to improve steel over-all properties, particularly low-temperature impact toughness to the Q345 low-alloy high-tensile structural steel.Its strengthening mechanism is precipitation strength and refined crystalline strengthening, and the latter also is useful to toughness.In the actual industrial production process of Q345H shaped steel, through niobium, vanadium, titanium is single or combination microalloying and cooling controlling and rolling controlling process after ,-40 ℃ of A
KVFluctuation is big and qualification rate is not high.H shaped steel is because the shape more complicated, moulding process is definite substantially, malleable pass deformation not, thereby adopt the controlled rolling temperature more and roll the back controlled chilling, consider the restriction of mill load and the complicacy of controlled chilling, the operability that improves steel performance by cooling controlling and rolling controlling process is lower.
GB/T 1591-94 has stipulated Q345 chemical ingredients (heat analysis), and wherein having the good low temperature impact property to require is C, D, E level steel, and main chemical (surplus is Fe and trace impurity) sees Table one: (%)
Table one
Annotate: when using Nb as the crystal grain thinning element, Mn content lower limit can be lower than goes up table content; Crystal grain thinning element in the last table (V, Nb, Ti, Al) should contain wherein a kind ofly at least in the steel, use these elements to have at least a kind of content of element to be not less than specified minimum value simultaneously.
Carbon: be most important composition in the steel, the carbon amount increases steel Medium pearlite amount and increases, and 50%FATT is risen.Therefore reduce carbon content for the toughness that improves material often adopts in the composition range that this steel grade allows aborning, then manganese content remedies consequent strength degradation in the composition by increasing.
Manganese: be very important alloy element.Manganese can enlarge the austenite phase region, makes A
4Point raises, A
3Point descends.Because A
3Temperature descends, and proeutectoid ferrite is separated out and refinement under lower temperature.Equally, because A
3Temperature descends, and has suppressed carbide and has separated out on the supercooled austenite crystal boundary, makes steel keep higher plasticity, and reduces the toughness-brittle transition temperature of steel, and therefore, manganese also is the main alloy element in the low-temperature steel.
Silicon: be main added elements in China's low alloy steel.Silicon in steel, do not form carbide and solid solution in ferrite, the solution strengthening effect is very strong, is only second to carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and surpasses other elements, thereby improve the intensity and the hardness of steel significantly, reduces the toughness of steel simultaneously, improves fracture appearance transition tem.
Phosphorus: be the detrimental impurity in the steel.Because its segregation tendency is serious, just can work the mischief at fewer content state.Phosphorus is very harmful to the low-temperature performance of ferrous materials, generally believes that at present phosphorus is the main arch-criminal who causes the low temperature brittleness of steel.The segregation tendency of phosphorus in steel is more serious, causes banded structure, makes the mechanical property of steel inhomogeneous, and particularly those Cryogenic Steel, marine steel and anti-hydrogen induced cracking steel require phosphorus content less than 0.01% or 0.005%.
Sulphur: the detrimental impurity that is (except that free-cutting steel) in most steel grades.The segregation coefficient of sulphur in steel is maximum in all elements, if be segregated in crystal boundary, can cause that low temperature is along crystalline substance fracture and high-temperature embrittlement.Increase inclusion particle, be easy to cause inclusion crack, processing performance and use properties are all suffered damage.For aviation with steel, oil and natural gas line of pipes steel, offshore production platform with steel etc., must strict control sulphur content, to guarantee necessary toughness.
Niobium, vanadium, titanium: a large amount of microalloy elements, particularly niobium that use have outstanding effect to the obdurability that improves material in controlled rolling at present.Make it to form in steel carbon, nitrogen and carboritride, utilization produces dissolving and separates out mechanism and play the inhibition grain growth and produce the precipitation strength effect under different conditions, and in controlled rolling, the former is particularly important.Its effect shows: hinder original austenite grains during (1) heating and grow up; (2) grain growth behind inhibition recrystallize and the recrystallize in the operation of rolling; (3) when low temperature, play the effect of precipitation strength.
Aluminium: use as reductor.
Boron: the application of boron in steel at present mainly concentrates on the hardening capacity of trace B raising steel (ULCB steel and heat-treated steel), improves the toughness of steel by the tissue (lower bainite or tempered sorbite etc.) that obtains to have uniformly good comprehensive mechanical properties; Trace B improves the hot strength and the creep property of high temperature steel, improves the hot workability of stainless steel and high temperature steel; Add boron in soft steel, boron content is 3～5 times of traditional boron steel, and its steel rolling cooling control technology adopts slow cooling, and does not adopt the strong cold technology of traditional boron steel, its objective is the work hardening ability that reduces steel, rather than improves its obdurability; Then the wear resistance of utilizing the boride raising material of boron formation in high boron alloyed steel; Boron is also influential to the form and the distribution of as-cast structure, crystal boundary bonding force and inclusion.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of have good low temperature impelling strength add boron H shaped steel and preparation method thereof, specifically provide a kind of have good low temperature impelling strength add boron Q345 H shaped steel and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
By changing the chemical ingredients of Q345 steel, improve microstructure, thereby improve the mechanical property, particularly low temperature impact properties of Q345 steel.With the tough target that turns to of metal, on the basic ingredient of Q345 steel, add the low-temperature impact toughness that trace B improves the Q345 steel.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
The present invention, considers in conjunction with actual steel-making controllability and quality product as the basis with the Q345 H shaped steel that do not need special thermal treatment, by adding boron and optimizing composition of steel, obtains a kind of H shaped steel with good low temperature impelling strength, and technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of have good low temperature impelling strength add boron Q345 H shaped steel, composition of steel weight percent following (%):
C 0.08～0.20, and Mn 1.00～1.60, and Si 0.10～0.55, P≤0.025, and S≤0.025, Nb 0.015～0.035, and B 0.0005～0.0012, and surplus is Fe and trace impurity.
Preferably, a kind of boron Q345H shaped steel that adds, composition of steel weight percent following (%):
C 0.10～0.18, and Mn 1.00～1.40, and Si 0.10～0.40, P≤0.015, and S≤0.015, Nb 0.015～0.030, and B 0.0005～0.0010, and surplus is Fe and trace impurity.
Further preferred, a kind of boron Q345H shaped steel that adds, composition of steel weight percent following (%):
C 0.12～0.16, and Mn 1.20～1.35, and Si 0.15～0.30, P≤0.010, and S≤0.010, Nb 0.015～0.030, and B 0.0005～0.0010, and surplus is Fe and trace impurity.
A kind of preparation method who adds boron Q345H shaped steel with good low temperature impelling strength, it is characterized in that, the composition of steel weight percent is (%): C 0.08～0.20, Mn 1.00～1.60, and Si 0.10～0.55, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, Nb 0.015～0.035, and B 0.0005～0.0012, and surplus is Fe and trace impurity.Smelting technology is: desulfurizing iron, desiliconization, hot metal mixer, converter, refining, continuous casting, 1560～1615 ℃ of refining furnace tapping temperatures.In the smelting process, gas content in the control steel: (N)≤0.004%, (O)≤0.0085%.
Preferably, in the smelting process, gas content in the control steel: (N) be controlled at≤0.0035%, and (O) be controlled at≤and 0.0060%.All be weight percentage.
Must keep certain acid-soluble aluminum content in the steel, reach deoxidation effect preferably, for the effect of effectively bringing into play boron creates conditions to guarantee molten steel.Boron must join in the molten steel by certain quantity jointly with niobium or other micro alloying elements, with the compound action of performance boron, niobium.
Our experiments show that, by the boron of adding minute quantity (0.0005%～0.0030%), the performance of energy remarkably influenced material, there is advantageous effect in trace B to steel toughness.For the influence to rolling technology of the boron that reduces to add as far as possible, the present invention conservatively is limited to boron content in 0.0005%～0.0012% scope.
Trace B is to steel flexible advantageous effect:
(1) suppresses the brilliant fracture in phosphorus, sulphur segregation and edge
Along the boron of brilliant segregation can reduce phosphorus, sulphur the segregation of crystal boundary and cause along brilliant fracture, significantly improve low-temperature flexibility, this is because boron has suppressed the result that phosphorus, sulphur can improve the crystal boundary bonding force to the reduction and the boron self of crystal boundary.
(2) improve the form and the distribution of inclusion
After adding the boron processing, because boron is surface active element, is adsorbed on sulfide, oxide surface, stops to be mingled with further and grow up, make and be mingled with tiny, the rounding that becomes, be uniformly distributed in crystal boundary, having eliminated the II type basically, to be mixed in crystal boundary poly-partially, strengthened crystal boundary, stress raisers have been reduced, suppressed crack initiation, reduced crack propagation velocity, toughness of material is improved.
(3) effect of increase niobium, further crystal grain thinning
Boron adds in the niobium steel, has increased the resistance to austenite recrystallization, and this boron that mainly comes from strain inducing is poly-partially.Because boron can reduce the crystal boundary spread coefficient of niobium, so boron has increased the effect of dragging of niobium to crystal boundary after adding the niobium steel.The compound obstruction to recrystallize of the microalloy of boron and niobium also derives from the formation of Nb, B mixture, and such mixture is present on the new crystal boundary, has increased the solute effect of dragging power of niobium atom, has reduced interfacial migration speed and recrystallize motivating force.This will help further crystal grain thinning.
(4) add chemical ununiformity, the refinement styloid that boron helps reducing continuously cast bloom, the final metallographic structure (as the thin perlite that looses) that forms the best alleviates the age hardening effect simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 each steel grade A
Kv-t curve.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment: add boron Q345H shaped steel, composition of steel weight percent following (%):
C 0.12～0.16, and Mn 1.20～1.35, and Si 0.15～0.30, P≤0.015, and S≤0.015, Nb 0.015～0.035, and B 0.0005～0.0010, and surplus is Fe and trace impurity.
Optimize composition smelting test steel by above-mentioned Q345 steel.The raw material of test is added vacuum induction furnace smelting, water into the steel ingot of three kinds of heterogeneities, become plate through forge hot, the hot forging temperature parameter is with reference to Q345 industrialization hot rolling parameter.The actual chemical ingredients of test steel is as shown in the table.Shock test adopts the summer than V-type impact specimen, and length direction is vertical along steel plate, and the fluting direction is perpendicular to forging the plane.Use the observation by light microscope metallographic structure.Observe the impact fracture pattern with electronic probe.
Table two, test steel chemical composition table (%)
Annotate: the 1# steel: contrast usefulness, industrial no boron Q345 steel.
Experimental result is seen Fig. 1, as can be seen from Figure 1,2#, the 3#, the temperature variant curve of 4# Impact Toughness of Steel that contain trace B are all on the curve of no boron 1# steel, be that normal temperature or low-temperature impact work all are significantly improved, particularly ballistic work is still more than 120J in the time of-50 ℃ for the 3# steel, and brittle transition temperature also further reduces.In addition, Fig. 1 shows that also the ballistic work of 2# (w (B) 0.0004%), 3# (w (B) 0.00085%), 4# (w (B) 0.0010%) steel does not increase with the increase of total boron amount always, the 4# steel that boron-containing quantity is the highest is starkly lower than the 3# steel on the contrary, and also a little less than the 2# steel, the 3# steel is most preferred.
Gas content to 2#, 3#, 4# steel is measured, and sees Table three.
Table three, test steel gas content table (10
-6)
| Steel grade | 〔O〕 | 〔N〕 |
| 2# | 68 | 28 |
| Steel grade | 〔O〕 | 〔N〕 |
| 3# | 49 | 31 |
| 4# | 83 | 27 |
The result shows: three stove steel (N) are on close level, and its difference has than big difference at (O).Therefore in the smelting process, gas content seems particularly important in the strict control steel, to guarantee to give full play to the beneficial effect of boron.Recommend content: (N) be controlled at≤0.0035%, and (O) be controlled at≤and 0.0060%.
As mentioned above, the boracic Q345 steel low temperature impact properties that embodiment smelts is good, is that normal temperature or low-temperature impact work all are significantly improved, particularly the 3# steel in the time of-50 ℃ ballistic work still more than 120J.This shows, on original Q345 composition of steel basis, by adding 0.0005%～0.0010% boron, and control gas content well, can further reduce the brittle transition temperature of Q345 steel, thereby solve the low excessively problem of H shaped steel low-temperature impact toughness effectively.
The present invention can significantly improve the low-temperature impact toughness of Q345H shaped steel ,-40 ℃ of A
KVRequire to have compared big surplus capacity with GB, quality product is easier to guarantee, also can makes Q345H shaped steel be applied to the harsher zone of condition.Considered the controllability of actual industrial production in the optimizing components process as far as possible, and under the situation that more current valuable alloying element prices rise steadily, replaced valuable alloying element that bigger meaning and magnetism are arranged with cheap relatively boron.
Claims (1)
1. preparation method who adds boron Q345 H shaped steel with good low temperature impelling strength, composition of steel weight percent following (%):
C 0.133, and Mn 1.29, and Si 0.224, and P 0.006, and S 0.003, and Cr 0.0090, and Cu 0.0097, and Al 0.0027, and Nb 0.0295, and B 0.00085, and surplus is Fe and trace impurity;
In the smelting process, gas content 10 in the control steel
-6For: (O) 49, (N) 31;
Raw material is added vacuum induction furnace smelting, water into steel ingot, become plate through forge hot.
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| CN101787490A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-07-28 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Micro-alloyed steel Q345R |
| CN101838768B (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-08-22 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Low-temperature impact resistant steel for hot-rolling U-type steel sheet pile and production method thereof |
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| CN103042028A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-17 | 山西新泰钢铁有限公司 | Method for rolling H-shaped steel with stable impact energy |
| CN103805868B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-01-13 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of corrosion-resistant high-performance H profile steel of antidetonation and working method thereof |
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2008
- 2008-03-17 CN CN2008100144888A patent/CN101255527B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107964626A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-04-27 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of yield strength 500MPa grade low-temp high tenacity is hot rolled H-shaped and preparation method thereof |
| CN107964626B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-09-24 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of yield strength 500MPa grade low-temp high tenacity is hot rolled H-shaped and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101255527A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
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