CN101255524A - Method for producing nodular graphite cast iron - Google Patents
Method for producing nodular graphite cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN101255524A CN101255524A CNA200710191909XA CN200710191909A CN101255524A CN 101255524 A CN101255524 A CN 101255524A CN A200710191909X A CNA200710191909X A CN A200710191909XA CN 200710191909 A CN200710191909 A CN 200710191909A CN 101255524 A CN101255524 A CN 101255524A
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- cast iron
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- spheroidal graphite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method for a ductile cast iron, comprising the steps of raw material preparing, feeding, melting, smelting and spheroidizing. Comparing the method with current technology, waste ductile cast iron cutting scrap is used as the raw material, ductile cast iron is produced by electric furnace cycle, the percentage of pass reaches up to 95%, the metallurgical structure of the ductile cast iron is: 1 to 3 grades of the spheroidizing grade and 5 to 7 grades of graphite, the matrix can be adjusted arbitrarily, the recycle rate of the ductile cast iron cutting scrap reached up to 97%; the resource can be reused, which is environment-friendly, makes full use of resources and lowers the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the production method of spheroidal graphite cast iron, belong to especially and utilize the production method of spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal at medium-frequency induction furnace melting QT450-10, grade nodular cast irons such as QT500-7, QT600-3.
Prior art
The melting equipment of spheroidal graphite cast iron is divided into cupola furnace and electric furnace at present, and electric furnace is mainly induction furnace, comprises main frequency furnace, intermediate frequency furnace, frequency conversion stove.
Spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal source is abundant, but must use the spheroidal graphite cast iron special-purpose pig iron, foundry return and the steel scrap of stable components in the cupola melting.Because of cupola melting only is fit to block furnace charge, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal melting in cupola furnace, reinforced on the one hand difficulty, there is easy oxidation in the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal under the cupola melting environment on the other hand, scaling loss is serious, the iron filings rate of recovery is low, chemical ingredients is unstable, consume shortcomings such as nodulizing agent is many.
During medium-frequency induction furnace melting spheroidal graphite cast iron, no exhaust emission helps environmental protection, good, the iron liquid cleaning of temperature regulation, the condensate depression height, can give full play to the effect of breeding, iron liquid is under electromagnetic action, stir strongly up and down, help composition, temperature even, also help the deoxidation degasification.Utilize night electricity paddy electricity, reduce cost, the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal can exist smear metal gentlier to be difficult for falling when carrying out melting with medium-frequency induction furnace, easily slagging scorification, shortcoming such as the furnace lining loss is big.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of medium-frequency induction furnace melting spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal that utilizes is provided, produces the production method of QT450-10, QT500-7, QT600-3 grade nodular cast iron.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is: a kind of production method of spheroidal graphite cast iron comprises preparation of raw material operation, charging process, melting process, smelting procedure, nodularization operation:
In the preparation of raw material operation, added raw material is: spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, its weight ratio of nucleating agent are 40～60: 40～60: 0.5～2.5: 1-2: 1～4: 1～2: 0.3～1.0.
In charging process, when going out molten iron, every stove reserves the spheroidal graphite cast iron liquid of the 8-10% of furnace volume, steel scrap in the raw material is added in the electric furnace, the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal successively added again, until filling it up with electric furnace, every layer of spheroidal graphite cast iron depth of cut is 15～22 centimetres, and adds flux in every layer of smear metal, stir chip the ball black case-iron shavings and flux, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal and flux are drop in the iron liquid,, improve burn-off rate to increase the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal degree of packing.
Described flux is Wingdale, soda ash, glass powder is a kind of or several mixture.
The described carburelant carbon content of using is more than or equal to 95%.
Because the surface-area of spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal is big, big with the air effect area, the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal is in heat-processed, tendency to oxidize is big, and the flux effect is air-isolation, reduces spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal oxidation, improve slag fluidity, reduce the air content of ductile iron liquid, flux energy and phosphorus, reaction of Salmon-Saxl form slag, thereby can reduce the content of harmful element phosphorus, sulphur in the iron liquid.
Disclose by the iron liquid that contains the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal is stirred, help raw material to drop in the iron liquid, and increase the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal degree of packing, to improve burn-off rate.
In melting process, the output rating of adjusting intermediate frequency sensation electric furnace is more than 90% of rated output.
Described smelting procedure is: after waiting raw material to liquefy fully, add and account for gross weight 30-40% deslagging agent, be warming up to 1450～1470 ℃, add the good alloy of all kinds of outfits, adjust chemical ingredients to various trade mark necessary requirements, scum simultaneously, add the deslagging agent that accounts for gross weight 30-40% again, heat up.
Described deslagging agent is the perlite that contains a small amount of reductor.
Deslagging agent is to catch the slag inclusion thing in the iron liquid, reaches the purpose of deoxidation degasification.
Described nodularization operation is: when temperature reaches 1480～1520 ℃, to the 60-80% of Bao Neijia nodulizing agent, gross weight nucleating agent, carburelant, remaining deslagging agent, after adding, begin molten iron earlier, when putting iron liquid accounts for the 50-60% of sensation furnace volume, add remaining nucleating agent, make nucleating agent along with iron liquid slowly flows into casting ladle, when molten iron accounts for the 90-95% of casting ladle capacity, stop molten iron, stir iron liquid, drag for except that scum silica frost, promptly pourable.
Described nucleating agent is a ferro-silicon, Si-Ba alloy is a kind of or several mixture.
Whether the used spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal of raw material will carry out pretreatment process according to its clean level decision: described pretreatment process is inhaled for adopting, is blown, screen method is removed dust or sand grains in the smear metal, and purpose is a slag amount when reducing melting, the raising burn-off rate.
The present invention compared with prior art, with the smear metal of depleted spheroidal graphite cast iron is raw material, utilize electric furnace cyclic production spheroidal graphite cast iron, product qualification rate reaching is more than 95%, the spheroidal graphite cast iron metallographic structure is: 1～3 grade of nodulizing grade, graphite order of magnitude 5～7, matrix can be adjusted arbitrarily, and the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal rate of recovery is wanted to reach 97%; Resource is reused, both helped environmental protection, made full use of resource again, reduced manufacturing cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
The QT450-10 that produces of the present invention, QT500-7, QT600-3 spheroidal graphite cast iron detect according to the GB1348-88 standard.
The used spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal chemistry weight composition of embodiment is:
C：3.86％，Si：2.68％，Mn：0.15％，P：0.038％，S：0.018％。
Steel scrap chemistry weight composition is C:0.12%, Si:0.25%, Mn:0.42%, P:0.018%.
Embodiment 1:
The production of QT450-10:
A) preparation of raw material: added raw material is: spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, its weight ratio are 56: 44: 1.8: 1: 1: 1.3: 0.8.
B) charging process: 8% of the reservation furnace volume ductile iron liquid when every stove goes out molten iron, add steel scrap earlier, again the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal is successively added, until filling it up with electric furnace, every layer of spheroidal graphite cast iron depth of cut is 15-18 centimetre, and adds glass powder as flux in every layer of smear metal, stir chip the ball black case-iron shavings and flux, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal and flux are drop in the iron liquid,, improve burn-off rate to increase the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal degree of packing.
C) melting process: the output rating of adjusting medium-frequency induction furnace is 90% of a rated output.
D) smelting procedure: wait after raw material liquefies fully in the medium-frequency induction furnace, add gross weight 30%, granularity is that 30～50 purpose perlites cover, be warming up to 1450～1470 ℃, scum, add gross weight 30% again, granularity is that 30～50 purpose perlites cover, and heats up.
E) nodularization operation: when temperature reaches 1480～1520 ℃, be 30～50 purpose perlites to 60% nucleating agent of Bao Neijia nodulizing agent, carburelant, gross weight, remaining granularity earlier, after adding, the sampling analysis carbon content, after analysis is qualified, begin molten iron, when the volume of tapping a blast furnace liquid for the sensation furnace volume 60% the time, add remaining nucleating agent, make nucleating agent along with iron liquid slowly flows into casting ladle, when molten iron account for the casting ladle capacity 90% the time, stop molten iron, stir iron liquid, drag for except that scum silica frost, promptly pourable.
Embodiment 1 is detected according to the GB1348-88 standard, and its various technical indicators are as follows: tensile strength: 485MP-497MP; Unit elongation: 14.1-15.5%; Ferrite quantity: 80-90%, nodulizing grade 2-3 level, graphite order of magnitude 5-7 level.
Embodiment 2:
The production of QT500-7:
A) preparation of raw material: added raw material is: spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, ferromanganese, its weight ratio are 52: 48: 2.0: 2: 2: 1.5: 0.9,0.4.
B) charging process: 9% of the reservation furnace volume ductile iron liquid when every stove goes out molten iron, add steel scrap earlier, again the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal is successively added, until filling it up with electric furnace, every layer of spheroidal graphite cast iron depth of cut is 18-20 centimetre, and adds Wingdale as flux in every layer of smear metal, stir chip the ball black case-iron shavings and flux, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal and flux are drop in the iron liquid,, improve burn-off rate to increase the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal degree of packing.
C) melting process: the output rating of adjusting medium-frequency induction furnace is 95% of a rated output.
D) smelting procedure: wait after raw material liquefies fully in the medium-frequency induction furnace, add gross weight 40%, granularity is that 30～50 purpose perlites cover, be warming up to 1450～1470 ℃, add ferromanganese, scum simultaneously, add gross weight 35% again, granularity is that 30～50 purpose perlites cover, and heats up.
E) nodularization operation: when temperature reaches 1480～1520 ℃, be 30～50 purpose perlites to 60% nucleating agent of Bao Neijia nodulizing agent, carburelant, gross weight, remaining granularity earlier, after adding, the sampling analysis carbon content, after analysis is qualified, begin molten iron, when the volume of tapping a blast furnace liquid for the sensation furnace volume 55% the time, add remaining nucleating agent, make nucleating agent along with iron liquid slowly flows into casting ladle, when molten iron account for the casting ladle capacity 90% the time, stop molten iron, stir iron liquid, drag for except that scum silica frost, promptly pourable.
Embodiment 2 is detected according to the GB1348-88 standard, and its various technical indicators are as follows: tensile strength: 521MP-543MP; Unit elongation: 9.8-11.6%; Ferrite quantity: 60-75%, nodulizing grade 2-3 level, graphite order of magnitude 5-7 level.
Embodiment 3:
The production of QT600-3:
A) preparation of raw material: added raw material is: spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, ferromanganese, its weight ratio are 48: 52: 2.2: 1.5: 4: 1.8: 1,0.3.
B) charging process: 10% of the reservation furnace volume ductile iron liquid when every stove goes out molten iron, add steel scrap earlier, again the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal is successively added, until filling it up with electric furnace, every layer of spheroidal graphite cast iron depth of cut is 20-25 centimetre, and adds soda ash as flux in every layer of smear metal, stir chip the ball black case-iron shavings and flux, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal and flux are drop in the iron liquid,, improve burn-off rate to increase the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal degree of packing.
C) melting process: the output rating of adjusting medium-frequency induction furnace is 100% of a rated output.
D) smelting procedure: wait after raw material liquefies fully in the medium-frequency induction furnace, add gross weight 35%, granularity is that 30～50 purpose perlites cover, be warming up to 1450～1470 ℃, add ferromanganese, scum simultaneously, add gross weight 35% again, granularity is that 30～50 purpose perlites cover, and heats up.
E) nodularization operation: when temperature reaches 1480～1520 ℃, 50% nucleating agent, carburelant, remaining granularity to Bao Neijia nodulizing agent, gross weight is 30～50 purpose perlites earlier, after adding, the sampling analysis carbon content, after analysis is qualified, begin molten iron, when the volume of tapping a blast furnace liquid for the sensation furnace volume 50% the time, add remaining nucleating agent, make nucleating agent along with iron liquid slowly flows into casting ladle, when molten iron account for the casting ladle capacity 90% the time, stop molten iron, stir iron liquid, drag for except that scum silica frost, promptly pourable.
Embodiment 3 is detected according to the GB1348-88 standard, and its various technical indicators are as follows: tensile strength: 645MP-629MP; Unit elongation: 7.8-8.3%; Ferrite quantity: 45-65%, nodulizing grade 2-3 level, graphite order of magnitude 5-7 level.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of production method of spheroidal graphite cast iron is characterized in that: comprise preparation of raw material operation, charging process, melting process, smelting procedure, nodularization operation:
In the preparation of raw material operation, added raw material is: spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, nucleating agent, and spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal, steel scrap, carburelant, flux, deslagging agent, nodulizing agent, its weight ratio of nucleating agent are 40～60: 40～60: 0.5～2.5: 1～2: 1～4: 1～2: 0.3～1.0;
In charging process, when going out molten iron, every stove reserves the spheroidal graphite cast iron liquid of the 8-10% of furnace volume, steel scrap in the raw material is added in the electric furnace, the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal successively added again, until filling it up with electric furnace, every layer of spheroidal graphite cast iron depth of cut is 15～22 centimetres, and in every layer of smear metal, add flux, and stir chip the ball black case-iron shavings and flux, spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal and flux are drop in the iron liquid;
In melting process, the output rating of adjusting intermediate frequency sensation electric furnace is more than 90% of rated output;
Described smelting procedure is: after waiting raw material to liquefy fully, add and account for gross weight 30-40% deslagging agent, be warming up to 1450～1470 ℃, add the good alloy of all kinds of outfits, adjust chemical ingredients to various trade mark necessary requirements, scum simultaneously, add the deslagging agent that accounts for gross weight 30-40% again, heat up;
Described nodularization operation is: when temperature reaches 1480～1520 ℃, earlier to the 60-80% of Bao Neijia nodulizing agent, gross weight nucleating agent, carburelant, remaining deslagging agent, after adding, detect the carbon content of molten iron, detect qualified after, begin molten iron, when putting iron liquid accounts for the 50-60% of sensation furnace volume, add remaining nucleating agent, make nucleating agent along with iron liquid slowly flows into casting ladle, when molten iron accounts for the 90-95% of casting ladle capacity, stop molten iron, stir iron liquid, drag for, get final product except that scum silica frost.
2, the production method of a kind of spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described flux is Wingdale, soda ash, glass powder is a kind of or several mixture.
3, the production method of a kind of spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the carburelant carbon content of using more than or equal to 95%.
4, the production method of a kind of spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described deslagging agent is the perlite that contains a small amount of reductor, and its granularity is the 30-50 order.
5, the production method of a kind of spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described nucleating agent is ferro-silicon or Si-Ba alloy.
6, the production method of a kind of spheroidal graphite cast iron according to claim 1 is characterized in that: pre-treatment is carried out in the spheroidal graphite cast iron smear metal: described pretreatment process is inhaled for adopting, blows, screen method is removed dust or sand grains in the smear metal.
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| CN101671755A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-03-17 | 青特集团有限公司 | Ductile cast iron smelting furnace external recarburization process |
| CN101671754A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-03-17 | 青特集团有限公司 | Method for smelting ductile cast iron |
| CN101519708B (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2011-04-06 | 芜湖市金贸流体科技股份有限公司 | Production method of spheroidal graphite cast iron with high tenacity and corrosion resistance |
| CN102115801A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-07-06 | 芜湖市金贸流体科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-quality spheroidal graphite cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron prepared thereby |
| CN102230122A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-02 | 江西同欣机械制造有限公司 | Production method of nodular cast iron |
| CN102268506A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron |
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| CN102912065A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-06 | 博爱县汽车配件制造有限公司 | Method for producing nodular cast iron |
| CN103589942A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | Ductile iron casting technology |
| CN104004959A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-27 | 东营恒诚机械有限公司 | Method for treating ductile cast iron foundry returns by applying non-silicone nodulizing agent in ductile cast iron smelting |
| CN105401064A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-03-16 | 西峡县西泵特种铸造有限公司 | Medium silicon molybdenum nodular cast iron and production method thereof |
| CN107287492A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-24 | 傅德生 | A kind of steel scrap adds the method that carburant produces heavy-caliber nodular cast iron pipe |
| CN108707813A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-26 | 宁波力古机械制造有限公司 | As cast condition hi-strength nodular iron and its manufacturing process |
| CN109295278A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-01 | 河南大业冶金铸造材料有限公司 | A kind of casting active deslagging agent and preparation method thereof |
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2007
- 2007-12-22 CN CN200710191909XA patent/CN101255524B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101519708B (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2011-04-06 | 芜湖市金贸流体科技股份有限公司 | Production method of spheroidal graphite cast iron with high tenacity and corrosion resistance |
| CN101671754A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-03-17 | 青特集团有限公司 | Method for smelting ductile cast iron |
| CN101671755A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-03-17 | 青特集团有限公司 | Ductile cast iron smelting furnace external recarburization process |
| CN102115801B (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-05-21 | 芜湖市金贸流体科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-quality spheroidal graphite cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron prepared thereby |
| CN102115801A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2011-07-06 | 芜湖市金贸流体科技股份有限公司 | Method for producing high-quality spheroidal graphite cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron prepared thereby |
| CN102230122A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-02 | 江西同欣机械制造有限公司 | Production method of nodular cast iron |
| CN102230122B (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2013-06-12 | 江西同欣机械制造有限公司 | Production method of nodular cast iron |
| CN102268506A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2011-12-07 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron |
| CN102268506B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-03-27 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron |
| CN102732664A (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-10-17 | 长沙金龙铸造实业有限公司 | Ductile cast iron production method and production device |
| CN102912065A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-02-06 | 博爱县汽车配件制造有限公司 | Method for producing nodular cast iron |
| CN103589942A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-02-19 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | Ductile iron casting technology |
| CN103589942B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2016-01-20 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | A kind of nodular graphite iron casting technique |
| CN104004959A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-27 | 东营恒诚机械有限公司 | Method for treating ductile cast iron foundry returns by applying non-silicone nodulizing agent in ductile cast iron smelting |
| CN105401064A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-03-16 | 西峡县西泵特种铸造有限公司 | Medium silicon molybdenum nodular cast iron and production method thereof |
| CN107287492A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-10-24 | 傅德生 | A kind of steel scrap adds the method that carburant produces heavy-caliber nodular cast iron pipe |
| CN107287492B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-01-08 | 傅德生 | A method of add carburant to produce heavy-caliber nodular cast iron pipe with steel scrap |
| CN108707813A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-26 | 宁波力古机械制造有限公司 | As cast condition hi-strength nodular iron and its manufacturing process |
| CN109295278A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-01 | 河南大业冶金铸造材料有限公司 | A kind of casting active deslagging agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN112626434A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-04-09 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | Preparation process of power insulator iron cap |
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