Summary of the invention
First problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of device of eliminating gas-cutting hardening layer of railway wheel sample, its objective is the wheel sample is handled, eliminate its gas-cutting hardening layer, improve railway wheel sample processing work efficiency, cut down finished cost, and make the service check position of wheel sample not be subjected to the influence of this processing, thereby guarantee the verity of assay.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is:
The device of this elimination gas-cutting hardening layer of railway wheel sample that is provided, cutting hardened surface to the wheel sample carries out heating anneal, comprise the specimen holder and the heating arrangement that are used for clamping wheel sample, the test block that described wheel sample obtains for the wheel web gas cutting, described device is established tank, specimen holder places tank, and the gas-cutting hardening layer of wheel sample wherein is higher than the water surface elevation in the tank.
Be the overall technological scheme that the present invention relates to device above.For making the present invention more perfect, the more detailed and concrete technical scheme of this device has also further been proposed, to obtain best practical function, realize goal of the invention better, demonstrated fully novelty of the present invention and creativeness:
Establish water inlet pipe, overflow pipe and water shoot on the described tank, establish water intaking valve on the described water inlet pipe, establish water discharge valve on the described water shoot.
The mouth of pipe height that described overflow pipe connects on described tank is the water surface elevation in the tank.
Described heating arrangement is: establish mobile cover plate assembly, comprise well heater column, well heater spiral arm, the axis that described well heater spiral arm is done with the well heater column is the rotation of the horizontal plane direction at center, the well heater steel cage is established in the outer end of described well heater spiral arm, and described well heater steel cage is provided with one or more well heater nozzles; When described well heater steel cage rotate to tank directly over the time, the well heater steel cage overlaps with the projection of tank on vertical guide.
Described well heater steel cage rotate to tank directly over the time, be provided with a gap between the following bead of well heater steel cage and the upper edge hole of tank.
Described well heater steel cage inwall is established refractory materials.
Described well heater nozzle is a flame-thrower nozzle, one end of its flame ejection is located at the inner chamber of described well heater steel cage, and the part that surfaces of the wheel sample of the direction of flame spraying in specimen holder, its other end is connected with oxygen storage tank and acetylene generator by air delivering pipeline; Air delivering pipeline is established corresponding oxygen valve and acetylene valve.
Electronic ignition device is established at the spout position of the flame ejection of described well heater nozzle.
Described well heater column is provided with the column rotary joint.
Second problem to be solved by this invention is: in order to realize the goal of the invention identical with technique scheme, the present invention also provides the processing method that device adopted of above-described elimination gas-cutting hardening layer of railway wheel sample.
The step of this processing method is:
At first the wheel sample vertically is fixed in the tank by specimen holder, adjusts the mounting height of wheel sample, make the gas-cutting hardening layer of wheel sample be higher than the mouth of pipe height of the overflow pipe in the tank;
Close water discharge valve, open water intaking valve, the part of wheel sample immerses in the water;
Current rise to the mouth of pipe height of overflow pipe, continue to keep water inlet, and the water that overflows flows out by overflow pipe, and making water is flow state;
The well heater steel cage is rotated to directly over the tank;
Open oxygen valve and acetylene valve, and regulate its aperture;
And then open electronic ignition device, the gas cutting face to a wheel sample surfacing carries out flame heating then, and be 30~40min heat-up time;
In above-mentioned heat-processed, continue to regulate the flow of current in acetylene flow, oxygen flow and the tank;
Heating is closed oxygen valve and acetylene valve after finishing;
Close water intaking valve, open water discharge valve, treat to remove the well heater steel cage after water has been put in the tank, take out the wheel sample;
Wheel sample accent is turned to another direction, repeated above-mentioned steps, after all gas-cutting hardening layers are all finished above-mentioned steps, finish.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, and the wheel sample disc sample that under the acetylene flow that configures, the water coolant depth of water and flow condition gas cutting is obtained is heat-treated 30~40min, can disposable processing 20-25 piece, and the every 2min that is no more than consuming time; Can reliably gas-cutting hardening layer hardness be reduced to about HRC30, remove work efficiency, the consumption of reduction saw blade of processing thereby significantly improve carry out subsequently gas-cutting hardening layer is sawed, and easy handling.By technique scheme gas-cutting hardening layer is being carried out again the heat treated while, can also guarantee that the mechanical performance test position of wheel web is not subjected to the influence of this processing, thereby guarantee the verity of assay.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by description to embodiment, to the effect of the mutual alignment between the shape of the specific embodiment of the present invention such as related each member, structure, the each several part and annexation, each several part and principle of work, processing method that device provided by the invention adopted etc., be described in further detail, to help those skilled in the art that inventive concept of the present invention, technical scheme are had more complete, accurate and deep understanding, make it can implement the present invention more easily.
Mark and the mark in the accompanying drawing behind each technical characterictic that wherein relates to are in full accord.
The of the present invention structure expressed as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, this structure are a kind of device of eliminating gas-cutting hardening layer of railway wheel sample, and its effect is that the cutting hardened surface to the wheel sample carries out heating anneal.The wheel sample will cut the hardened layer that flame cutting produces when making, avoid its influence to the verity of test-results.But because the temperatures involved when flame cutting makes it produce hardening phenomenon, very difficult when sawing, efficient is low, and saw blade consumption is big.Said structure comprises specimen holder 1 and the heating arrangement that is used for clamping wheel sample, the test block that described wheel sample obtains for the wheel web gas cutting.
The wheel that utilizes the present invention to handle, the content of its alloy ingredient is as shown in table 1.
The content of the composition of table 1, wheel sample (mass percent):
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
All the other |
0.63% |
0.29% |
0.72% |
0.021% |
0.012% |
Trace |
In order to solve the problem that exists at the described present known technology of this specification sheets background technology part and to overcome its defective, realize following goal of the invention: the wheel sample is handled, eliminate its gas-cutting hardening layer, improve railway wheel sample processing work efficiency, cut down finished cost, and the service check position that makes the wheel sample is not subjected to the influence of this processing, thereby guarantee the verity of assay, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The device of this elimination gas-cutting hardening layer of railway wheel sample provided by the present invention is established tank 2, and specimen holder 1 places tank 2, and the gas-cutting hardening layer of wheel sample wherein is higher than the water surface elevation in the tank 2.
As shown in Figure 1, will adopt the disc test block of the train wheel that autogenous cutting extracts vertically fixing with specimen holder shown in this Fig 1 earlier, these anchor clamps are made by the 5mm steel plate.;
Regulate discharge and be in the nozzle position of overflow pipe 5, the surface about 25mm of height of part of wheel sample to guarantee tank water level all-the-time stable ground.
Adopt said structure, can carry out anneal to the gas-cutting hardening layer of wheel sample, reduce hardness, the convenient sawing processing of carrying out subsequently reduces the consumption of saw blade, shortens process period, has improved the production efficiency of sample processing; Simultaneously,, guarantee to test the not influence of heat-treated of position, keep its original performance in metallurgy, the operation of rolling, make the wheel sample can reflect its real mechanical property owing to the position that needs are tested is immersed in the current.
In order to make the present invention more perfect, the exemplifying embodiment that said apparatus also is provided is as the present invention's reference in the specific implementation:
Device embodiment one:
Present embodiment has solved the replenishing of water coolant, has flowed, the stable and water inlet of liquid level, the control problem of draining.
Concrete structure is: establish water inlet pipe 3, overflow pipe 5 and water shoot 6 on the tank 2, establish water intaking valve 4 on the described water inlet pipe 3, establish water discharge valve 7 on the described water shoot 6.
Processing method that this device adopted and the respective embodiments thereof introduced during concrete using method vide infra.
Device embodiment two:
Overflow pipe 5 is a water surface elevation in the tank 2 at the mouth of pipe height of the connection of described tank 2.
Device embodiment three:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, present embodiment provides above-described heating arrangement:
If mobile cover plate assembly 8 comprises well heater column 13, well heater spiral arm 12;
The axis that described well heater spiral arm 12 is done with well heater column 13 is the rotation of the horizontal plane direction at center;
Well heater steel cage 9 is established in the outer end of described well heater spiral arm 12;
Described well heater steel cage 9 is provided with one or more well heater nozzles 11;
When described well heater steel cage 9 rotate to tank 2 directly over the time, well heater steel cage 9 overlaps with the projection of tank 2 on vertical guide.
The mobile cover plate that relates in this mobile cover plate assembly 8, promptly the well heater steel cage 9, its outside steel cage for being welded with the 3mm Plate Steel.Shown in the figure, fixed four burners on well heater steel cage 9, well heater nozzle 11 promptly recited above is heated to wheel sample jet flames by described burner.
Whole well heater steel cage 9 has played the effect of cover plate, keeps heat not scatter and disappear when heating.Well heater steel cage 9 is fixed on the well heater spiral arm 12, can rotate on horizontal plane, and well heater steel cage 9 length of sides are consistent with tank 2 length of sides, makes it when real work, covers tank 2. just
Device embodiment four:
Described well heater steel cage 9 rotate to tank 2 directly over the time, be provided with a gap between the following bead of well heater steel cage 9 and the upper edge hole of tank 2.Stay the slit about 10mm to be used for the air-flow exchange between well heater steel cage 9 bottoms and tank 2 tops.
The purpose that adopts said structure is that the air-flow that flame is produced can flow, otherwise burning can't be kept.
Device embodiment five:
Present embodiment is established refractory materials 10 at well heater steel cage 9 inwalls.Described refractory materials 10 is a refractory fibre, and the skin temperature of well heater steel cage 9 steel is reduced, and reduces its distortion, and temperature can be risen quickly, and heat is not conducted.
Device embodiment six:
Present embodiment is the concrete structure of flame heating:
Described well heater nozzle 11 is a flame-thrower nozzle;
One end of its flame ejection is located at the inner chamber of described well heater steel cage 9, the inner chamber of yes refractory materials 10;
And the part that surfaces of the wheel sample of the direction of flame spraying in specimen holder 1;
The other end of well heater nozzle 11 is connected with oxygen storage tank and acetylene generator by air delivering pipeline; Air delivering pipeline is established corresponding oxygen valve and acetylene valve.Present embodiment advocates to adopt above-mentioned fuel, and is safe, convenient, economical and practical, is easy to control.
Device embodiment seven:
The spout position of the flame ejection of described well heater nozzle 11 is provided with electronic ignition device.
A plurality of well heater nozzles 11 are installed synchronous electronic ignition device, its objective is with synchronous electronic ignition device igniting, realize lighting simultaneously.
Device embodiment eight:
Present embodiment has proposed the structure of well heater steel cage 9 rotations, and promptly above-described well heater column 13 is provided with column rotary joint 15.The base 14 of well heater column 13 bottoms and described device is connected as a single entity, maintain static, top is installed the position of well heater spiral arm 12 and is installed by column rotary joint 15, and it can be rotated, well heater steel cage 9 could move to the top of tank 2 easily, or removes.
Second problem that the present invention also will solve is:
The processing method that device adopted of above-described elimination gas-cutting hardening layer of railway wheel sample is provided, the steps include:
At first the wheel sample vertically is fixed in the tank 2 by specimen holder 1, adjusts the mounting height of wheel sample, make the gas-cutting hardening layer of wheel sample be higher than the mouth of pipe height of the overflow pipe 5 in the tank 2;
Close water discharge valve 7, open water intaking valve 4, the part of wheel sample immerses in the water;
Current rise to the mouth of pipe height of overflow pipe 5, continue to keep water inlet, and the water that overflows flows out by overflow pipe 5, and making water is flow state;
Well heater steel cage 9 is rotated to directly over the tank 2;
Open oxygen valve and acetylene valve, and regulate its aperture;
And then open electronic ignition device, the gas cutting face to a wheel sample surfacing carries out flame heating then, and be 30~40min heat-up time;
In above-mentioned heat-processed, continue to regulate the flow of current in acetylene flow, oxygen flow and the tank 2;
Heating is closed oxygen valve and acetylene valve after finishing;
Close water intaking valve 4, open water discharge valve 7, treat to remove well heater steel cage 9 after water has been put in the tank 2, take out the wheel sample;
Wheel sample accent is turned to another direction, repeated above-mentioned steps, after all gas-cutting hardening layers are all finished above-mentioned steps, finish.
By the rising of atmosphere temperature in the cover of the well heater steel cage 9 on the mobile cover plate assembly 8 wheel web test block gas cutting face is heated, in heat-processed, pass through the depth of water in acetylene flow and the tank, flow, the disc test block surface the height reasonable cooperation, not water-immersed gas cutting layer (under the gas cutting face in the 20mm) temperature is reached about Ac1, be specially 700 ℃~750 ℃, thereby make the martensite of the gas-cutting hardening layer of wheel web test block, bainite structure softens because of being subjected to high tempering, pearlitic structure can change austenite at two-phase region, still form the perlite of soft after heating finishes, make former gas cutting hardened layer softening; Water-immersed test block (25mm is following under the gas cutting face) temperature is controlled at below the original tempering temperature, be specially 350 ℃, thereby the verity that guarantees assay is unaffected.
The exemplifying embodiment that the present invention also provides aforesaid method is as the present invention's reference in the specific implementation:
Method embodiment one:
Adopt autogenous cutting to extract the wheel sample of 20 200mm * 150mm on wheel web, adopt method and apparatus of the present invention that arbitrary gas cutting face of test block is handled, the treatment time is 30min.The embedding thermopair of predetermined position on sample piece is measured the temperature distribution in the test block therein, sees Table 2.
Temperature variations in treating processes of table 2, method embodiment one (unit: ℃)
Table 2 shows: with the increase of heat-up time, temperature rises; The temperature of outer bead is higher than inside.
Processing finishes the back to be measured near the Hardness Distribution the gas cutting face of this wheel sample, and near the Hardness Distribution the gas cutting face of other 19 wheel samples is also measured, and the result is shown in following table 3.
Table 3, method embodiment one are handling forward and backward changes in hardness situation (unit: HRC)
Table 3 shows: handle back hardness and obviously descend; Far away more apart from burnisher dege, hardness is low more.
Method embodiment two:
Adopt autogenous cutting to extract the test block of 20 200mm * 150mm on wheel web, adopt method and apparatus of the present invention that arbitrary gas cutting face of test block is handled, the treatment time is 40min.The embedding thermopair of predetermined position on wheel sample is measured the temperature distribution in the test block, as follows the table 4 of face therein.
Temperature variations in treating processes of table 4, method embodiment two (unit: ℃)
Table 4 shows: with the increase of heat-up time, temperature rises; The temperature of outer bead is higher than inside.
Processing finishes the back to be measured near the Hardness Distribution the gas cutting face of this wheel sample, and near the Hardness Distribution the gas cutting face of other 19 wheel samples is also measured, and the result is shown in following table 5.
Table 5, method embodiment two are handling forward and backward changes in hardness situation (unit: HRC)
Table 5 shows: handle back hardness and obviously descend; Far away more apart from burnisher dege, hardness is low more.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out exemplary description above; obviously specific implementation of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as adopted the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention design and technical scheme carry out; or design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion without improving, all within protection scope of the present invention.