CN101254103B - System for measurement of clinical parameters of the knee for use during knee replacement surgery - Google Patents

System for measurement of clinical parameters of the knee for use during knee replacement surgery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101254103B
CN101254103B CN2007101658846A CN200710165884A CN101254103B CN 101254103 B CN101254103 B CN 101254103B CN 2007101658846 A CN2007101658846 A CN 2007101658846A CN 200710165884 A CN200710165884 A CN 200710165884A CN 101254103 B CN101254103 B CN 101254103B
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patella
joint
femur
tibia
bone
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CN101254103A (en
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L·J·N·朗日瓦
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1113—Local tracking of patients, e.g. in a hospital or private home
    • A61B5/1114—Tracking parts of the body
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    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1121—Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement
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    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1121—Determining geometric values, e.g. centre of rotation or angular range of movement
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/461—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of knees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2002/4658—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for measuring dimensions, e.g. length

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for measuring the clinic parameter of the knee used during the knee replacement operation and a method thereof. The system (30) foe measuring the biomechanics parameters of the knee joint before the whole knee joint replacement (TKR) operation and a method (40, 70) include a plurality of micro transducers (12, 14, 16, 32) for removably attached on the thighbone (18), the shin (20) and the patella (22); at least a sensor (34) for communicating with a plurality of micro transducers (32); a navigational system (36) coupled to at least a sensor (34); an imaging system (38) coupled to the navigational system (36) for executing the imaging of the knee joint; at least a display (35) for displaying the image and tracking the data.

Description

Measurement is in the system of the knee joint clinical parameter of knee replacement intra-operative use
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to a kind of system and method that is used to measure kneed parameter, relate more particularly to a kind of be used for the kneed biomechanical parameter that uses at total knee replacement (TKR) intra-operative cut before the operation system and method for measurement.
Background technology
The mutual reference of related application
The application require (based on and require rights and interests) the U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.60/864 that submitted on November 7th, 2006,748 priority, disclosing of this application is incorporated into this with for referencial use.
Background of invention
Impaired and the afflicted areas of TKR surgical removal femur (Thigh bone), tibia (focile) and patella (knee).Replace with custom-designed metal and polyethylene prosthetic component then in these zones.
At the TKR intra-operative, the impaired part of femur and cartilage is excised.The end of femur is installed on the shaping end of femur to allow metallic femoral component by shaping.Metallic femoral component utilizes bone cement to be attached to the shaping end of femur.
And at the TKR intra-operative, the impaired part of tibia and cartilage is excised.The end of tibia by shaping to admit the metal tibial component.The metal tibial component utilizes bone cement to be fixed to the shaping end of tibia.The polyethylene insert is attached to the top of the exposed ends of metal tibial component.Insert is with the weight of body support, and the slip reposefully on tibia of permission femur, used to do as the original cartilage of tibia.The tibia that will have its new polyethylene surface puts together to form new knee joint with the femur that has its new metal parts.
Slide reposefully on new tibial component in order to ensure patella, the back surface of patella is excised, and prepares to admit polyethylene patella parts, and said patella parts utilize bone cement to be adhered to the back lip-deep appropriate location of the new preparation of patella.Test kneed new part through flexing and extended knee then.
As stated, at the TKR intra-operative, the surgeon uses prosthetic component displacement tibia and the end of femur, the downside of patella, and compensation cartilage and some ligaments.The surface that the surgeon rebuilds patella through the saw guiding cutting of using in the mechanical jigging machine (jig).Polyethylene prosthese patella parts are implanted on this smooth surface.After operation, each knee joint between active stage the patella parts contact with femoral component.The dislocation of patella parts can increase the wearing and tearing of polyethylene patella parts, and possibly cause the fracture of patella.
For the correct aligning of prosthetic component with there is not the pain function, it is highly important that size, shape, position and the direction of knowing kneed primitive part.Two main joints are arranged, i.e. articulatio femorotibialis and patellofemoral joint in knee joint.At present, the surgeon has no instrument to allow during the TKR process, accurately to aim at prosthetic component and joint.
It is highly important that orthopaedic surgical operations cuts (incision) and measure kneed clinical parameter before, comprising size, shape and the kinesiology (kinematics) of femur, tibia and patella.Size, shape and the kinesiology of knowing strand shin and patellofemoral joint also is important.Know that before operation this information will allow the surgeon to select suitable implant and correctly locate and aim at implant at intra-operative.The accurate shape of knowing patella will allow the surgeon to realize perfect resurfacing according to the thickness of patella and the position of femoral component.This information will influence the distal femoral cutting, and not ignore front side and rear side cutting.These last cuttings limit the axial rotation of femoral component.And, know that patella will allow the surgeon to recover this track through axial rotation (front side and rear side cutting) and the knee joint center line (height of distal femoral cutting adds the height of proximal tibia cutting) that uses femoral component along the accurate track of femur.
The problem that solves is included in before the TKR operation not size, shape and the kinesiology of energy measurement femur, tibia and patella, not size, shape and the kinesiology of energy measurement thigh shin and patellofemoral joint before the TKR operation.This part ground is to be used to measure the available medical navigation pick off of these clinical parameters and to lack the suitable mounting technique that is used for said pick off owing to lacking.Usually, the tracking transducer of prior art is too big, and mounting technique is invalid and possibly produce damage.
So, need a kind ofly before the TKR operation, to measure and to analyze size, shape, position, direction and the kinematic system and method for knee components, so that dislocation after the operation of the prosthetic component that reduces to be implanted, fracture and the quantity of wearing and tearing.
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment, a kind of system that is used to measure the biomechanical parameter in joint comprises: a plurality of microsensors that removably are attached to the bone in joint; At least one pick off of communicating by letter with said a plurality of microsensors; Be coupled to the navigation system of said at least one pick off; Be coupled to the imaging system of said navigation system with the imaging that is used to carry out the joint; And at least one display that is used to be shown as picture and tracking data.
In another embodiment, a kind of system that is used to measure the biomechanical parameter of anatomical region of interest comprises: a plurality of microsensors that removably are attached to anatomical region of interest; At least one pick off of communicating by letter with said a plurality of microsensors; Be coupled to the integrated form imaging and the navigation system of said at least one pick off; And be coupled to the imaging of said integrated form and navigation system and look like and at least one display of tracking data to be used to be shown as.
In another embodiment, a kind of method that is used to measure the biomechanical parameter in joint comprises: use Wicresoft's process a plurality of microsensors to be attached to the bone in joint; Utilize imaging system that the joint is carried out to picture; Carry out the first serial flexing and the stretching, extension in joint; Follow the tracks of the position and the direction of microsensor in the first serial flexing with between extensin period; On display, show imaging data and tracking data; Identification needs the zone in the joint of cutting for the best of implant is placed; Carrying out the cutting and the implant in surgical sectioning, joint places; Confirm aiming at of original joint component and implant; Carry out the second series flexing and the stretching, extension in joint; Follow the tracks of the position and the direction of microsensor in the second series flexing with between extensin period; Confirm the track of original patella and the track of patella implant in the second series flexing with between extensin period; And remove said a plurality of microsensor from the joint.
In an embodiment again, the operation method of measuring before a kind of biomechanical parameter that is used for the kneed patella of experience total knee replacement operation (TKR) cuts comprises: a plurality of microsensors are attached to femur, tibia and patella; Utilize imaging system that knee joint is carried out to picture; Carry out kneed first serial flexing and the stretching, extension; The first serial flexing and extensin period interocclusal record with the storage femur, tibia and patella position and bearing data; The position and the bearing data that on display, show kneed imaging data and femur, tibia and patella; Utilize femur, tibia and patella parameter and femur, tibia and patella parameters of operating part to check the position and the bearing data of femur, tibia and patella, with the optimum position of confirming that femur, tibia and patella parts are placed; Identification needs the zone of femur, tibia and the patella of cutting for the best of femur, tibia and patella parts is placed; Carry out surgical sectioning, the cutting of femur, tibia and patella, and femur, tibia and patella parts are placed; On display, confirm femur, tibia and patella and femur, tibia and patella position component and direction; Carry out kneed second series flexing and stretching, extension; Confirm the track of patella and the track of patella parts in the second series flexing with between extensin period; And remove said a plurality of microsensor from femur, tibia and patella.
Obvious various other characteristics of the present invention, purpose and advantage those skilled in the art will and describe in detail from accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that explanation is according to the kneed figure that has a plurality of microsensors that are attached to kneed bone that is used for before total knee replacement (TKR) operation, measuring an exemplary embodiment of kneed clinical parameter;
Fig. 2 is the figure of an exemplary embodiment that explanation is used for measuring at the TKR intra-operative system of kneed clinical parameter;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of an exemplary embodiment that explanation is used for measuring at the TKR intra-operative method of kneed clinical parameter;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of another exemplary embodiment that explanation is used for measuring at the TKR intra-operative method of kneed clinical parameter; And
Fig. 5 is the kneed figure that have a plurality of microsensors that are attached to kneed bone of explanation according to an exemplary embodiment that is used for after TKR intra-operative attached implant, measuring kneed clinical parameter.
The specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 explanation has the operation knee joint 10 of three microsensors 12,14,16 that are attached to femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22.These microsensors the 12,14, the 16th are used for before TKR operation, following the tracks of the part of navigation system 36 of biomechanical parameter of motion and the measurement knee joint 10 of femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22.Biomechanical parameter allow the surgeon through considering femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22 size, shape and motion and consider that strand shin and kneecap thigh kinesiology implant knee-joint prosthesis.
Microsensor the 12,14, the 16th comprises electromagnetism (EM) field generator of the miniature coils that is used to generate magnetic field.At least one EM field sensor 34 is brought to contiguous microsensor 12,14,16 to receive the magnetic-field measurement value from microsensor 12,14,16, to be used to calculate the position and the direction of microsensor 12,14,16. Microsensor 12,14,16 can by external power source, perhaps be supplied power by internal cell by the power supply of no seedbed.
A kind of illustrative methods that microsensor 12,14,16 is attached to femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22 is through using Wicresoft's process of bone biopsy needle (BBN) and rigidity seal wire.Before the TKR operation, the patient who lies on the operating-table is carried out this process.This illustrative methods comprises: utilize BBN manufacturing hole in patient's skin; Remove the interior section of BBN (pin); Microsensor is attached to the tip of rigidity seal wire; And insert the rigidity seal wire so that microsensor is attached to bone through cannula passage.Microsensor 12,14,16 is fixed to femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22 rigidly. Microsensor 12,14,16 will move along with femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22, so that the kinematics information about corresponding strand shin in these bones and they and patellofemoral joint to be provided.The size of microsensor 12,14,16 is enough little so that they do not influence the motion of femur 18, tibia 20 or patella 22, and does not change the track of patella 20 in kneed flexing with between extensin period.For fear of Patella fracture or influence the danger of the motion of femur 18, tibia 20 or patella 22, microsensor 12,14,16 is approximately 3.5mm or littler on diameter.After carrying out the TKR operation, remove microsensor 12,14,16 from femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22.
Fig. 2 is the figure of an exemplary embodiment that explanation is used for measuring at the TKR intra-operative system 30 of kneed biomechanical parameter.These parameters allow the surgeon to place prosthese more accurately at intra-operative.System 30 comprises: a plurality of microsensors 32 that removably are attached to the patient's that will be had an operation kneed bone; Communicate by letter with a plurality of microsensors 32 and receive at least one pick off 34 of data being used in the patient outside from it; Be coupled at least one pick off 34 and receive the navigation system 36 of data from it; Be coupled to navigation system 36 to be used to carry out the imaging system 38 of kneed imaging; Be coupled to first user interface 39 of imaging system 38, be coupled to second user interface 37 of navigation system 36, and the display 35 that is used to be shown as picture and tracking data.In a further exemplary embodiment, system 30 can only have the two a user interface of imaging system of being coupled to 38 and navigation system 36.In another exemplary embodiment, imaging system 38 can utilize integrating device and software to be integrated into individual system with navigation system 36.
Microsensor 32 makes the surgeon follow the tracks of kneed position and direction continuously at intra-operative.After a plurality of microsensors 32 are attached to kneed bone, around microsensor 32, generate the EM field.At least one pick off 34 receives tracking data from being attached to kneed a plurality of microsensor 32, and said a plurality of microsensors are measured kneed passive exercise in real time in kneed flexing with between extensin period.A plurality of microsensors 32 are the EM field generator preferably, and at least one pick off 34 EM field receiver preferably.The EM field receiver can be a receiver array, it comprise at least one coil or at least one coil to and be used for to the receptor array detection to the magnetic-field measurement value carry out digitized electronic equipment.Yet will be appreciated that according to optional embodiment, microsensor 32 can be the EM field receiver, and pick off 34 can be the EM field generator.
The magnetic-field measurement value can be used to according to any suitable method or the position and the direction of system-computed microsensor 32.After electronic equipment on using pick off 34 carried out digitized to the magnetic-field measurement value, digitized signal was sent to navigation system 36 from pick off 34.Digitized signal can use wired or wireless communication agreement and interface to be sent to navigation system 36 from pick off 34.Digitized signal by navigation system 36 receives is represented by pick off 34 detected Magnetic Field.Digitized signal is used to calculate the position and the directional information of microsensor 32, comprising the location (location) of microsensor 32.Position and directional information are used to the location of microsensor 32 is registrated to the imaging data from the collection of imaging system 38.Position and bearing data on display 38 by visual, thereby show the location of microsensor 32 on from the preparatory collection of imaging system 38 or real time imaging in real time.Imaging data from the collection of imaging system 38 can comprise CT imaging data, MR imaging data, PET imaging data, ultrasound imaging data, x-ray imaging data or any other suitable imaging data and their any combination.Except imaging data, also can be available from the realtime imaging data of various realtime imaging patterns from the collection of various patterns.
Navigation system 36 is configured to calculate based on the digitized signal that receives the relative localization of microsensor.Navigation system further is registrated to the location of microsensor the imaging data of collection, and generates the expression of the imaging data and the microsensor that are suitable for the visual image data.
Navigation system 36 is schematically explained, and can be used any combination of specialized hardware plate, digital signal processor, field programmable gate array and processor to implement.Selectively, navigation system 36 can use the ready-made computer that has uniprocessor or multiprocessor, has a feature operation that is distributed between the processor to implement.As an example, possibly expect to have application specific processor that is used for position and direction calculating and the processor that is used for visualized operation.Navigation system 36 is preferably utilized the EM navigation system of EM airmanship.Yet, can use other tracking or airmanship.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of an exemplary embodiment that explanation is used for measuring at the TKR intra-operative method 40 of kneed clinical parameter.This method comprises microsensor removably is attached to femur, tibia and patella 42.Use imaging system to carry out kneed 3D imaging 44.Follow the tracks of microsensor 46 in the kneed first serial passive flexing with between extensin period, to confirm position and the direction of patella with respect to tibia and femur.Kneed passive flexing should be performed several times with stretching during this process, but so that realizes about the location of knee components and the reproducible results of track.Kneed each flexing and between extensin period x, y, the z coordinate of each microsensor write down and be stored in the memorizer.This method further is included in flexing and shows the graphical representation of each bone (femur, tibia and patella) between extensin period, and the said expression of stack on the 3D in joint registering images.Physical token (microsensor) and kinematic use provide about carrying out the real time data (location, gradient, the degree of depth, angle) of femur and tibial cut.Another step in this process comprises that identification need cut the kneed bone zone 50 of placing with the best that realizes implant or prosthese.Place and aim in order to ensure correct patella parts, consider size, shape and the kinesiology of patella and the size and dimension of patella implant.Another step comprises carrying out cuts the cutting of the affected area of femur, tibia and patella, and attached implant 52.Navigation system allows the surgeon to navigate, and proximal tibia is cut (medial resection and lateral resection) and distal femoral cuts (medial resection and lateral resection).This method further comprises first graphical representation (this location based on the relative position of femur and tibia microsensor and be selected) of the patella that is presented at the first serial flexing and obtains between extensin period; And show second graphical representation of the patella that has the patella implant with first graphical representation, thereby represent to have the current location of the patella of patella implant with respect to first graphical representation of original patella.The surgeon confirms the aligning 54 of synergetic first and second graphical representations on display image then.Another step is included in the passive flexing of kneed second series and follows the tracks of microsensor 56 between extensin period, to confirm position and the direction of patella implant with respect to tibia and femur implant.Demonstration is from the track of the patella of the first serial flexing and stretching, extension with from the track of the patella implant of second series flexing and stretching, extension.The surgeon can confirm the track of synergetic original patella on display image and the track 58 of patella implant then.The x of patella and patella implant, y and z coordinate should be identical, and patella also should be identical with the motion of patella implant in patellofemoral joint.Last step is to remove microsensor 60 from femur, tibia and patella.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of another exemplary embodiment that explanation is used for measuring at the TKR intra-operative method 70 of kneed clinical parameter.This method comprises microsensor removably is attached to femur, tibia and patella 72.Use the 3D imaging system to carry out kneed 3D imaging 74.Carrying out kneed 3D rebuilds to obtain kneed virtual representation.On display screen, show kneed virtual representation.This method further comprises the first serial passive flexing of carrying out lower limb and stretches 76 with the simulation motion of knee joint.Kneed this passive flexing should be performed several times with stretching during this process, but so that realizes about the location of knee components and the reproducible results of track.Another step is position and the direction 78 that writes down and store femur, tibia and patella in kneed flexing with between extensin period in real time.Kneed each flexing and between extensin period x, y, the z coordinate of each microsensor write down and be stored in the memorizer.In another step, on display, show the position and the direction 80 of kneed 3D reconstructed image and femur, tibia and patella.The surgeon can be through using the virtual representation of femur, tibia and patella; And making up the track of on display screen, following the tracks of patella, to confirm the optimum position 82 of femur, tibia and patella implant component in the kinesiology data that receive between kneed flexing and extensin period and the implant parameter of parameter current (forward becomes the angle with sagittal) and implant manufacturer.This method comprises that further identification need cut the bone zone 84 of femur, tibia and the patella placed with the best that realizes femur, tibia and patella parts.Place and aim in order to ensure correct patella parts, consider size, shape and the kinesiology of patella and the size and dimension of patella implant.Another step comprises carrying out cuts, the cutting of the affected area of femur, tibia and patella, and adhere to femur, tibia and patella parts 86.Navigation system allows the surgeon to navigate, and proximal tibia is cut (medial resection and lateral resection) and distal femoral cuts (medial resection and lateral resection).This method comprises that further the positional information of the patella that is based on the first serial flexing and obtains between extensin period shows first virtual representation (this relative position that is based on femur and tibia microsensor is determined) of patella, and shows second virtual representation of patella implant with respect to the current location of first virtual representation with first virtual representation.The surgeon confirms the aligning 88 of synergetic first and second virtual representations on display image then.During being included in the passive flexing of kneed second series and stretching 90, another step follows the tracks of microsensor, to confirm the position of patella implant with respect to tibia and femur implant.This method comprises that further demonstration is from first track of the patella of the first serial flexing and stretching, extension with from the track of the patella implant of second series flexing and stretching, extension.The surgeon can confirm the track of synergetic original patella on display image and the track 92 of patella implant then.The x of patella and patella implant, y and z coordinate should be identical, and patella also should be identical with the motion of patella implant in patellofemoral joint.Last step is to remove microsensor 94 from femur, tibia and patella.
Fig. 5 explanation has the operation patella 100 of three microsensors 12,14,16 that are attached to femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22.Microsensor the 12,14, the 16th is used for following the tracks of the motion of femur 18, tibia 20 and patella 22 and measuring the part of navigation system 36 of the biomechanical parameter of knee joint 10 at the TKR intra-operative.In the figure, the surgeon has replaced the end of tibia and femur and the downside of patella with femur, tibia and patella parts.Femoral component 24 is attached to the shaping end of femur 18.Tibial component 26 is fixed to the shaping end of tibia 20.Insert 28 is attached to the top of the exposed ends of tibial component 26.The weight of insert body support, and allow femur on tibia, to slide reposefully.Patella parts 23 are attached to the surface, ready back of patella 22.Patella parts 23 contact with femoral component 24 between kneed each active stage.Orthopaedic surgical operations doctor confirms to remove microsensor from femur, tibia and patella after the correct placement and track of correct placement and patella implant of femur and tibial component.
Although proposed invention concentrates on for the knee prosthesis process and uses the benefit that simple working flow process and high-precision imaging and tracking will be provided, also might this solution be expanded to other medical procedures.
Several embodiment more than have been described with reference to the drawings.These figure have explained some details of specific embodiment of system and method and the program of embodiment of the present invention.Yet, utilize accompanying drawing to describe the present invention and should not be interpreted as any restriction that the characteristic shown in the accompanying drawing is relevant and force at the present invention.The present invention has imagined and has been used to realize the program product on its method of operating, system and any machine readable media.As stated, can use existing computer processor, or through bonded special-purpose computer processor, or coming the embodiment of embodiment of the present invention through hard-wired system for this or another purpose.
As stated, the embodiment in the scope of the present invention comprises program product, and said program product comprises and is used to carry or has the machine-executable instruction that is stored thereon or a machine readable media of data structure.Such machine readable media can be or to have any available medium of the other machines visit of processor by general or special-purpose computer.As an example; Such machine readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage apparatus or any other medium; Said any other medium can be used to carry or store the program code of the expectation of the form that adopts machine-executable instruction or data structure, and can or have the other machines visit of processor by general or special-purpose computer.When information was transmitted in network or another communication connection (hardwired, wireless or hardwired or wireless combination) or offers machine, machine was suitably regarded said connection as machine readable media.Thereby any such connection suitably is called machine readable media.Above combination also is included in the scope of machine readable media.Machine-executable instruction for example comprises the instruction and data that causes general purpose computer, special-purpose computer or dedicated processes machine to carry out certain function or certain group function.
In the general context of method step, embodiments of the invention have been described; Said method step can be implemented through program product in one embodiment; Said program product comprises machine-executable instruction; For example program code for example adopts the form by the program module of the execution of the machine in the networked environment.Usually, program module comprises the routine carrying out particular task or implement particular abstract, program, object, assembly, data structure etc.Machine-executable instruction, related data structures and program module represent to be used to carry out the example of program code of the step of method disclosed herein.The such executable instruction or the particular sequence of related data structures represent to be used for to be implemented in the example of the corresponding actions of the function that such step describes.
Can in networked environment, use to be connected and carry out embodiments of the invention with the logic of the one or more remote computers that have processor.Logic connects and can comprise here as an example rather than Local Area Network and wide area network (WAN) that restriction provides.Such networked environment is general in office's scope or enterprise-wide. computer networks, Intranet and the Internet, and can use diversified different communication protocol.Those skilled in the art will recognize that; Such network computing environment will generally include the computer system configurations of many types, comprising personal computer, handheld device, multicomputer system, based on microprocessor or programmable consumer electronic device, network PC, minicomputer, mainframe computer or the like.Also can by through linked (through hardwired link, wireless link, or combination through hardwired or wireless link) this locality and the teleprocessing equipment DCE of executing the task in carry out embodiments of the invention.Under DCE, program module can be arranged in local and remote memory storage device simultaneously.
Be used for the whole system of embodiment of the present invention or the universal computing device that an example system partly can comprise the form that adopts computer, said computer comprises that processing unit, system storage and handle comprise that the various system units of system storage are coupled to the system bus of processing unit.System storage can comprise read only memory (ROM) and random-access memory (ram).This computer also can comprise the hard disk drive that is used for reading and hard disc is write from hard disc, be used for the disc driver that reads or mobile disk is write from mobile disk and be used for the CD drive that reads or moving CD (for example CD ROM or other optical mediums) is write from moving CD (for example CD ROM or other optical mediums).Driver and their correlation machine computer-readable recording medium provide the non-volatile memories of other data of machine-executable instruction, data structure, program module and computer.
In order to explain and purpose of description, provided the above description of embodiments of the invention.More than describe and do not plan to be exhaustive or the present invention is limited to disclosed exact form, and according to the modification of above instruction with change and all be possible or can from implementation of the present invention, obtain.Selecting and describing each embodiment is in order to explain principle of the present invention and practical application thereof, so that those skilled in the art can utilize the present invention in various embodiments and in the various embodiment of the various modifications with the special-purpose that is suitable for imagining.
Although described the present invention with reference to various embodiment, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art, can under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, carry out some replacement, modification and omission to the present invention.Therefore, it only is exemplary more than describing plan, and should not limit the scope of the present invention described in the following claim book.
Reference numerals list
10 operation knee joints
12 microsensors
14 microsensors
16 microsensors
18 femurs
20 tibias
22 patellas
23 patella parts
24 femoral components
26 tibial components
28 inserts
30 systems
32 microsensors
34 pick offs
35 display
36 navigation system
37 user interfaces
38 imaging systems
39 user interfaces
40 methods
42 method steps
44 method steps
45 method steps
46 method steps
47 method steps
48 method steps
50 method steps
52 method steps
54 method steps
56 method steps
58 method steps
60 method steps
70 methods
72 method steps
74 method steps
76 method steps
78 method steps
80 method steps
82 method steps
84 method steps
86 method steps
88 method steps
90 method steps
92 method steps
94 method steps
100 operation patellas

Claims (9)

1. system (30) that is used to measure the biomechanical parameter in joint comprising:
Removably be attached to a plurality of microsensors (32) of the bone in joint;
At least one pick off (34) of communicating by letter with said a plurality of microsensors (32);
Be coupled to the navigation system (36) of said at least one pick off (34);
Be coupled to the imaging system (38) of said navigation system (36) with the imaging that is used to carry out the joint; And
Be coupled to said imaging system (38) and said navigation system (36) to be used to be shown as at least one display (35) of picture and tracking data;
Wherein said imaging and tracking data comprise: in first group of kinematics parameters of the bone in the joint that intra-operative was gathered during first dynamic analysis at the bone in joint before making otch on the joint, and second group of kinematics parameters of the bone in the joint of during second dynamic analysis at the bone in joint in the process of intra-operative on the bone that at least one bone implant is placed on the joint, gathering; And
Wherein more said first and second kinematics parameters correctly are placed on the bone in joint to guarantee said at least one bone implant.
2. system according to claim 1, wherein said joint is knee joint (10).
3. system according to claim 1, wherein said bone is femur (18), tibia (20) and patella (22).
4. system according to claim 3, wherein said a plurality of microsensors (32) removably are attached to femur (18), tibia (20) and patella (22).
5. system according to claim 1, wherein said a plurality of microsensors (32) are electromagnetism (EM) field generators.
6. system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one pick off (34) is electromagnetism (EM) field receiver.
7. system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one pick off (34) receives the data from said a plurality of microsensors (32).
8. system according to claim 1, wherein said navigation system (36) receives the data from said at least one pick off (34).
9. system according to claim 1, wherein said at least one display (35) receives from the imaging data of said imaging system (38) and receives the tracking data from said navigation system (36).
CN2007101658846A 2006-11-07 2007-11-07 System for measurement of clinical parameters of the knee for use during knee replacement surgery Expired - Fee Related CN101254103B (en)

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