CN101252695A - Video frequency encoder and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode - Google Patents
Video frequency encoder and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a video coding device and the intra-frame prediction mode selection method thereof. An intra-frame prediction module of the coding device comprises a parallel processing module used for dividing the intra-frame prediction into a multi-task system according to the prediction mode to perform the prediction, and the tasks adopt parallel relationship; a clock frequency controlling module used for dynamically adjusting the clock frequency of each task in the intra-frame prediction mode of the parallel processing of a multi-task processing device through a dynamic frequency adjusting method; a referential pixel value memory module used for storing the pixel value of a coded rebuilt block; a matching computation module used for computing the absolute error sum between the predicted value under each prediction mode and the pixel value of primitive blocks; a multiplexer module used for comparing all the absolute error sums and selecting the prediction mode with the smallest absolute error sum as the prediction mode of the block for outputting. The video coding device and the intra-frame prediction mode selection method thereof can achieve the effect of reducing the power consumption of the coding device under the condition of not reducing the operating speed of the coding device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compressed video signal processing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of video encoder and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof.
Background technology
Multimedia processing system is becoming on the consumer electronics market part that increases fast, and based on the standard of Video processing such as MPEG-4, H.264, AVS etc. have become key factor for the success of this industry.
In all Video processing standards, video coding takies very big system resource.And the resource requirement that reduces video coding is significant to multimedia processing system.
It is one of key modules in the video coding that intra prediction mode is selected, and infra-prediction techniques adopts in the contiguous block (left side of current block and top) pixel of coding and rebuilding, realizes prediction to current block along certain direction extrapolation.Infra-prediction techniques has made full use of the spatial coherence of video image, has reduced the spatial domain redundancy, has improved the compression efficiency of video coding.
In order to improve the precision of infra-frame prediction, multiple different intra prediction mode all is provided in the video encoding standard, such as, H.264 4 * 4 luminance block there are 9 kinds of predictive modes, luminance macroblock to 16 * 16 has 4 kinds of predictive modes, and the chrominance macroblock to 8 * 8 has 4 kinds of predictive modes; AVS has 5 kinds of predictive modes to 8 * 8 luminance block, chrominance macroblock to 8 * 8 has 4 kinds of predictive modes, or the like, a lot of methods are in order to reduce the complexity of infra-frame prediction, adopt some optimization methods (algorithm) to reduce the calculating of intra prediction mode, but this is a cost to sacrifice accuracy of predicting.
In the prior art, in order to realize the accuracy of infra-frame prediction, generally all to travel through all predictive modes, calculate under the various patterns absolute error and (Sum of Absolute Difference, SAD), by traveling through all possible coding mode, seek absolute error and (SAD) the sort of as the optimum code pattern, promptly choose absolute error and (SAD) pattern of value minimum as optimum prediction mode, and with this pattern informationization, be sent to decoding end simultaneously, for being correctly decoded.
But, so just need very big computing cost, have bigger time complexity.Such as for H.264, find out a kind of H.264 intra prediction mode of the best, needs calculating 4 * (rate distortion costs of 16 * 9+4)=592 kinds of integrated modes this shows, the amount of calculation that intra prediction mode is selected is a bottleneck of video coding.
Prior art studies show that, the energy consumption of cmos circuit can be by the following formula approximate evaluation:
Wherein: V is the supply power voltage of circuit;
f
CLKBe clock frequency;
C
EFFEffective switch-capacitor for circuit.
As can be seen from the above equation, the energy consumption P of cmos circuit and circuit voltage V square are directly proportional, and frequency f
CLKTherefore be directly proportional, reduce voltage and clock frequency and be one of effective method that reduces the circuit energy consumption.And reduce voltage and frequency can play a multiplier role to reducing power consumption.
So, the method that infra-frame prediction can be divided into multi-task parallel is calculated in the present invention's proposition, simultaneously, consider that the clock cycle that every kind of pattern spends is different, the present invention proposes can adopt the dynamic frequency control method to adjust its running frequency to the prediction of every kind of pattern, to guarantee that each parallel task can finish synchronously, can greatly reduce system power dissipation.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of video encoder and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof, and it reaches the effect that reduces the encoder power consumption under the situation that does not reduce the encoder speed of service.
A kind of video encoder for realizing that the object of the invention provides comprises intra-framed prediction module, and described intra-framed prediction module comprises parallel processing module, clock frequency control module and reference pixel value memory module, wherein:
Described parallel processing module is used for that infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system according to predictive mode and predicts, is parallel relation between the described task;
Described clock frequency control module is used for by the dynamic frequency control method, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task of the intra prediction mode of multi-task processor parallel processing;
Described reference pixel value memory module is used to store the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece.
Described intra-framed prediction module also comprises coupling computing module and MUX module, wherein:
Described coupling computing module, be used to calculate between the pixel value of predicted value under each predictive mode and original block absolute error and;
Described MUX module, be used under all predictive modes of comparison current block absolute error and, select to have least absolute error and the sort of predictive mode as the predictive mode output of this piece.
In the described parallel processing module, infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system when predicting according to predictive mode, each predictive mode is divided into a task.
Described video encoder is MPEG-4, H.264 or the video encoder of AVS standard.
For realizing that the object of the invention also provides a kind of video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode, comprise the steps:
Steps A in video coding process, is divided into multitask system with infra-frame prediction according to predictive mode and predicts, is parallel relation between these tasks;
Step B utilizes the dynamic frequency control method, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task of the intra prediction mode of multi-task processor parallel processing, and stores the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece.
Also comprise the following steps: after the described step B
Step C, calculate between the pixel value of predicted value under each predictive mode and original block absolute error and;
Step D, relatively all predictive modes of current block down absolute error and, select to have least absolute error and the sort of predictive mode export as the predictive mode of this piece.
Described dynamic frequency control method is:
If a task W is divided into (w
1, w
2..., w
N) being total to N parallel subtask, the execution clock cycle of each subtask is (C
1, C
2..., C
N), the execution clock frequency of each subtask is (f
1, f
2..., f
i..., f
N), establish w
iBe the longest task of execution cycle in all subtasks, the used clock cycle is C
i, other subtask is then with w so
iFor benchmark carries out frequency adjustment, the frequency after each task is regulated is (f
1', f
2' ..., f
i..., f
N');
Wherein
In the described steps A, infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system according to predictive mode predicts, comprise the following steps:
Each predictive mode is divided into a task.
When described encoder was the encoder of H.264 standard, described step B also comprised the following steps:
When colorimetric prediction, clock frequency is reduced to 1/4th of luma prediction.
Described step B also further comprises the following steps:
The execution frequency of pattern 2 is 1/4th of other prediction mode for chroma in 4 * 4 colorimetric predictions; The execution frequency of 16 * 16 luma prediction modes is one of 16 of other prediction mode for chroma.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of video encoder of the present invention and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof, the multitask that walks abreast is divided to the infra-frame prediction of video encoder, to obtain rational parallel work-flow, and to suitable voltage and the FREQUENCY CONTROL of each parallel processor configuration, to reach under the situation that does not influence the encoder overall performance power consumption of maximized reduction encoder.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the intra-framed prediction module structural representation of video encoder of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode flow chart of the present invention;
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer,, a kind of video encoder of the present invention and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof are further elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
A kind of video encoder of the present invention and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof are divided into multitask system with infra-frame prediction according to predictive mode, and each predictive mode is divided into a task, are parallel relation between these tasks.Calculate the predicted value of piece under each predictive mode simultaneously, calculate again at last under each pattern the absolute error between the prediction piece and original block and, obtain best match pattern.
As shown in Figure 1, described intra-framed prediction module 1 comprises parallel processing module 11, clock frequency control module 12, and reference pixel value memory module 13, coupling computing module 14 and MUX module 15, wherein:
Described parallel processing module 11 is used for that infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system according to predictive mode and predicts, is parallel relation between the described task;
Preferably, each predictive mode is divided into a task, is parallel relation between these tasks;
Described clock frequency control module 12 is used for by the dynamic frequency control method, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task of the intra prediction mode of multi-task processor parallel processing;
Described reference pixel value memory module 13 is used to store the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece;
Described coupling computing module 14, be used to calculate between the pixel value of predicted value under each predictive mode and original block absolute error and;
Described MUX module 15, be used under all predictive modes of comparison current block absolute error and, select to have least absolute error and the sort of predictive mode as the predictive mode output of this piece.
Handle by parallel processing module 11, whole intra-framed prediction module adopts the parallel mechanism of height, and 9 kinds of predictive modes to 4 * 4 luminance block calculate simultaneously, are responsible for dynamically adjusting the frequencies of each task module by clock frequency control module 12.Guarantee that each parallel processing carries out simultaneously, so as not to slow when some task runs, and there are some task runs fast, cause process circuit to be in idle condition and waste resource, so the present invention can reduce the clock frequency of handling fast Processing tasks, guarantees that each Processing tasks carries out synchronously.
Reference pixel value memory module 13 is stored the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece.Luma prediction for 4 * 4 is once stored the reference value of one 4 * 4 luma prediction, then, uses in the time of can handling the predicted value of all patterns of all pixels of one 4 * 4 luma prediction for clock cycle.Luma prediction for 16 * 16 is once stored the reference value of one 16 * 16 luma prediction, and the colorimetric prediction for 8 * 8 is once stored the reference value of one 8 * 8 colorimetric prediction.
Described encoder can be the multiprocessor encoder, it also can be the uniprocessor encoder, described multitasking module both can have been assigned to a plurality of tasks in each processor of multiprocessor encoder and carry out parallel processing, also a plurality of tasks can be handled by the multitask thread parallel in uniprocessor respectively.
Other modules in the encoder of the present invention comprise that modules such as estimation, conversion, quantification and entropy coding finish, and its handling process all is existing technology, therefore describe in detail no longer one by one in the present invention.
Describe video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode of the present invention below in detail, as shown in Figure 2, it comprises the steps:
Step S100 in video coding process, is divided into multitask system with infra-frame prediction according to predictive mode and predicts, each predictive mode is divided into a task, is parallel relation between these tasks;
Step S200 utilizes the dynamic frequency control method, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task of the intra prediction mode of multi-task processor parallel processing, and stores the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece;
Described dynamic frequency control method (algorithm), specific as follows:
If a task W is divided into (w
1, w
2..., w
N) being total to N parallel subtask, the execution clock cycle of each subtask is (C
1, C
2..., C
N), the execution clock frequency of each subtask is (f
1, f
2..., f
i..., f
N), establish w
iBe the longest task of execution cycle in all subtasks, the used clock cycle is C
i, other subtask is then with w so
iFor benchmark carries out frequency adjustment, the frequency after each task is regulated is (f
1', f
2' ..., f
i..., f
N').
Wherein
Through after the frequency adjustment, all synchronous operation of each subtask, can reduce power consumption largely, and not influence the speed of service of whole task at the free time of minimizing whole system.
Step S300, calculate between the pixel value of predicted value under each predictive mode and original block absolute error and;
Step S400, relatively all predictive modes of current block down absolute error and, select to have least absolute error and the sort of predictive mode export as the predictive mode of this piece.
In when coding, encoder by calculate and more various pattern under absolute error and (SAD), choose the absolute error and (SAD) the pattern optimum prediction mode the most of value minimum, and, be sent to decoder simultaneously, for being correctly decoded this pattern informationization.
Be example and a kind of video encoder of the present invention and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof are described with standard H.264 below, but, should be understood that the present invention is equally applicable to the intra prediction mode of other video coding and selects, as MPEG-4, AVS standard etc.
H.264 in the intra prediction mode of the video encoder of standard, the prediction piece is based on that coding and rebuilding piece and current block form, and can be divided into luma prediction and colorimetric prediction.
If these operations are carried out in serial, each pattern all travels through, and then operand will be huge, and the time-delay that causes is also very big.So the present invention will be divided into multitask to infra-frame prediction, each tasks in parallel is handled.In view of each pattern is independently, so can be divided each predictive mode as a task each predictive mode executed in parallel.
The present invention proposes can be to each pattern executed in parallel of brightness and colorimetric prediction, when the data of each processor parallel processing simultaneously are 2
n, like this, uniprocessor processing 4 * 4 clock cycle that spent an of piece are
One 16 * 16 clock cycle that spent are
The clock cycle that 8 * 8 colorimetric prediction piece are spent is
The piece of handling one 4 * 4 with a clock cycle is predicted as example, table 1 shows the clock cycle that each pattern will expend, as can be seen, 16 * 16 luma prediction and 4 * 4 luma prediction and needed clock cycle of colorimetric prediction have nothing in common with each other, so, the running frequency between them can be adjusted, their synchronous operation can be guaranteed like this.
Table 1: the clock cycle that piece spent contrast when full executed in parallel:
(clock cycle is handled one 4 * 4 piece prediction)
| The prediction of 16 * 16 Block Brightness | 4 * 4 luma prediction | 8 * 8 colorimetric predictions | |
| Pattern 0 | 16 | 1 | 4 |
| 1 | 16 | 1 | 4 |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | 16 | 1 | 4 |
| 4 | 1 | ||
| 5 | 1 | ||
| 6 | 1 | ||
| 7 | 1 | ||
| 8 | 1 | ||
| The uniprocessor serial is carried out and is amounted to the clock cycle | 49 | 9 | 13 |
| Parallel multiprocessor is carried out the clock cycle total | 16 | 1 | 4 |
For example, all 2 needed clock cycle of pattern are minimum, so can reduce the clock frequency of pattern 2.Guarantee that each parallel task finishes synchronously, reduce free time.
Simultaneously, the clock cycle that pattern 2 needs in 4 * 4 colorimetric predictions is the shortest, only need 1 clock cycle, be 1/4th of other prediction mode for chroma, can dynamically adjust like this, the execution frequency of this pattern is 1/4th of other prediction mode for chroma, 16 * 16 luma prediction modes too, the clock cycle of predictive mode 2 is the shortest, only need 1 clock cycle, for ten sixths of other prediction mode for chroma, can dynamically adjust like this, the execution frequency of this pattern is one of 16 of other prediction mode for chroma.
So preferably, the present invention is reduced to 1/4th of luma prediction with clock frequency when colorimetric prediction, does not influence the coding rate of entire image like this, but can reduce the power consumption of colourity module.
For example: one 288 * 352 CIF image, can be divided into 15 * 22 16 * 16 luminance block, then 16 * 16 luminance block prediction, need 15 * 22 * 16 clock cycle, each luminance block of 16 * 16 is divided into 16 4 * 4 sub-piece, and then the prediction of 4 * 4 luminance block needs 15 * 22 * 16 * 1 clock cycle.Colorimetric prediction then needs 15 * 22 * 4 clock cycle, this shows, the clock cycle that colorimetric prediction spent will be 1/4th of a luma prediction.
A kind of video encoder of the present invention and method for choosing frame inner forecast mode thereof, carry out parallelization according to different predictive modes, predictive mode is assigned to carries out parallel processing in the different processors, and the processing speed difference of each parallel processor, the ratio that has is very fast, and have just slow, if all adopting same clock frequency handles, certainly will cause when handling fast circuit handling very early, and handle slow also not handling, at this moment, handle fast circuit and will be in idle condition, cause the wasting of resources.The invention process is to each its frequency of parallel route reasonable disposition, when handling, according to each task handling time, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task, can synchronous operation to guarantee each task, like this, can greatly reduce the encoder power consumption.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the description of the specific embodiment of the invention, others of the present invention and feature are conspicuous to those skilled in the art by above.
More than specific embodiments of the invention are described and illustrate it is exemplary that these embodiment should be considered to it, and be not used in and limit the invention, the present invention should make an explanation according to appended claim.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of video encoder comprises intra-framed prediction module, it is characterized in that, described intra-framed prediction module comprises parallel processing module, clock frequency control module and reference pixel value memory module, wherein:
Described parallel processing module is used for that infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system according to predictive mode and predicts, is parallel relation between the described task;
Described clock frequency control module is used for by the dynamic frequency control method, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task of the intra prediction mode of multi-task processor parallel processing;
Described reference pixel value memory module is used to store the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece.
2, video encoder according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described intra-framed prediction module also comprises coupling computing module and MUX module, wherein:
Described coupling computing module, be used to calculate between the pixel value of predicted value under each predictive mode and original block absolute error and;
The MUX module, be used under all predictive modes of comparison current block absolute error and, select to have least absolute error and the sort of predictive mode as the predictive mode output of this piece.
3, video encoder according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in the described parallel processing module, infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system when predicting according to predictive mode, and each predictive mode is divided into a task.
4, video encoder according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described video encoder is MPEG-4, H.264 or the video encoder of AVS standard.
5, a kind of video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Steps A in video coding process, is divided into multitask system with infra-frame prediction according to predictive mode and predicts, is parallel relation between these tasks;
Step B utilizes the dynamic frequency control method, dynamically adjusts the clock frequency of each task of the intra prediction mode of multi-task processor parallel processing, and stores the pixel value of coding and rebuilding piece.
6, video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises the following steps: after the described step B
Step C, calculate between the pixel value of predicted value under each predictive mode and original block absolute error and;
Step D, relatively all predictive modes of current block down absolute error and, select to have least absolute error and the sort of predictive mode export as the predictive mode of this piece.
7, according to claim 5 or 6 described video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode, it is characterized in that described dynamic frequency control method is:
If a task W is divided into (w
1, w
2..., w
N) being total to N parallel subtask, the execution clock cycle of each subtask is (C
1, C
2..., C
N), the execution clock frequency of each subtask is (f
1, f
2..., f
i..., f
N), establish w
iBe the longest task of execution cycle in all subtasks, the used clock cycle is C
i, other subtask is then with w so
iFor benchmark carries out frequency adjustment, the frequency after each task is regulated is (f
1', f
2' ..., f
i..., f
N');
Wherein
8, video encoder method for choosing frame inner forecast mode according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the described steps A, infra-frame prediction is divided into multitask system according to predictive mode predicts, comprises the following steps:
Each predictive mode is divided into a task.
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