CN101252420B - A system and method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission - Google Patents

A system and method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission Download PDF

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CN101252420B
CN101252420B CN2008101032926A CN200810103292A CN101252420B CN 101252420 B CN101252420 B CN 101252420B CN 2008101032926 A CN2008101032926 A CN 2008101032926A CN 200810103292 A CN200810103292 A CN 200810103292A CN 101252420 B CN101252420 B CN 101252420B
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service priority
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蒋海平
杨育波
田霖
袁珏
黄伊
杨树伟
石晶林
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多用户多天线传输的方法,包括:步骤1,设置空间相关度阈值,并按用户媒体接入控制层的参数确定所述用户的服务优先级;步骤2,选择服务优先级最高的用户为第一个选定用户;步骤3,计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,空间相关度低于所述空间相关度阈值的未选定用户构成待选用户集合;步骤4,选择所述待选用户集合中服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户;步骤5,重复所述步骤3和步骤4以完成用户选取,将选定用户的数据进行编码后发送。从而实现多用户多天线传输的跨层优化,在满足用户业务需求的同时,减少用户间干扰。

Figure 200810103292

The invention discloses a multi-user multi-antenna transmission method, comprising: step 1, setting the spatial correlation threshold, and determining the service priority of the user according to the parameters of the user media access control layer; step 2, selecting the service priority The user with the highest level is the first selected user; step 3, calculate the spatial correlation between the unselected user and the recently selected user, and the unselected users whose spatial correlation is lower than the spatial correlation threshold constitute the waiting list Select a user set; step 4, select the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected as the selected user; step 5, repeat the steps 3 and 4 to complete the user selection, and encode the data of the selected user sent later. In this way, the cross-layer optimization of multi-user multi-antenna transmission is realized, and the interference between users is reduced while meeting the service requirements of users.

Figure 200810103292

Description

一种多用户多天线传输的系统及方法A system and method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及无线通信多天线技术领域,尤其涉及一种多用户多天线传输的系统及方法。  The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication multi-antenna technology, in particular to a multi-user multi-antenna transmission system and method. the

背景技术 Background technique

MIMO(Multiple-input and Multiple-output,多输入多输出)技术通过空间复用和多用户分集,增加了系统容量,具有固有优势。  MIMO (Multiple-input and Multiple-output) technology increases system capacity through spatial multiplexing and multi-user diversity, and has inherent advantages. the

在一个多用户MIMO系统中,假设在基站处布置Mt个天线,而每个用户处布置Mr个天线,则用户k的信道矩阵可以表示为Mr×Mt的矩阵Hk,用户k接收到的信号为  In a multi-user MIMO system, assuming that M t antennas are arranged at the base station and M r antennas are arranged at each user, the channel matrix of user k can be expressed as a matrix H k of M r ×M t , and user k The received signal is

yk=Hkx+nk y k = H k x + n k

其中,yk为Mr×1向量表示用户k接收到的信号,nk为Mr×1向量表示用户k接收到的干扰噪声,x为Mt×1向量表示基站发送的信号。  Among them, y k is an M r ×1 vector representing the signal received by user k, nk is an M r ×1 vector representing the interference noise received by user k, and x is an M t ×1 vector representing the signal sent by the base station.

通过SVD(Singular Value Decomposition,奇异值分解)方法,将无线传输信道分解为正交的本征子信道:  Through the SVD (Singular Value Decomposition, singular value decomposition) method, the wireless transmission channel is decomposed into orthogonal eigensub-channels:

Hh kk == Uu kk ΣΣ kk VV kk Hh

= Σ i = 1 rank ( H k ) u k , i σ k , i v k , i H 公式1  = Σ i = 1 rank ( h k ) u k , i σ k , i v k , i h Formula 1

其中uk,i表示Hk的第i个左奇异向量,vk,i表示Hk的第i个右奇异向量,σk,i 表示Hk的第i个奇异值,rank(Hk)表示矩阵Hk的秩。  Where u k, i represent the i-th left singular vector of H k , v k, i represent the i-th right singular vector of H k , σ k, i represent the i-th singular value of H k , rank(H k ) Indicates the rank of the matrix H k .

本征传输模式为采用一组右、左奇异向量分别作为发送和接收天线的权重进行传输,其等效的信道增益就为该左右奇异向量对应的奇异值。  In the intrinsic transmission mode, a set of right and left singular vectors are used as the weights of the transmitting and receiving antennas for transmission, and the equivalent channel gain is the singular value corresponding to the left and right singular vectors. the

在用户端利用左奇异向量进行解码,假设用户在一个本征子信道上传输数据,用户k1在接收端解码得到:  At the user end, the left singular vector is used for decoding. Assuming that the user transmits data on an eigensubchannel, user k 1 decodes at the receiving end to obtain:

Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400011
公式2 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400011
Formula 2

Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400012
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400012

其中, 

Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400013
为用户k1接收到的信号, 为用户k1的本征子信道对应的奇异值, 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400015
为用户k1的本征子信道对应的左奇异向量, 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400016
为用户k1的本征子信道对应的右奇异向量, 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400017
为用户k2的本征子信道对应的右奇异向量, 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400018
为基站发送给用户k2的原始信号,N为用户的个数, 为用户k1接收的干扰噪声。 
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB000003907364000110
为空间相关度,反映了两个用户间的信息干扰程度。右奇异向量为用户的空间特征码。  in,
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400013
is the signal received by user k 1 , is the singular value corresponding to the eigensubchannel of user k 1 ,
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400015
is the left singular vector corresponding to the eigensubchannel of user k 1 ,
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400016
is the right singular vector corresponding to the eigensubchannel of user k 1 ,
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400017
is the right singular vector corresponding to the eigensubchannel of user k 2 ,
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB00000390736400018
is the original signal sent by the base station to user k 2 , N is the number of users, is the interference noise received by user k 1 .
Figure DEST_PATH_GSB000003907364000110
is the spatial correlation, which reflects the degree of information interference between two users. The right singular vector is the user's spatial signature.

随着人们对无线通信业务需求的不断提高,新一代无线通信网络应该能提供多种不同的用户业务类型,比如话音业务、数据业务、多媒体业务等,这些不同的用户业务类型具有不同的QoS(Quality of Service,服务质量)需求。  With the continuous improvement of people's demand for wireless communication services, the new generation of wireless communication networks should be able to provide a variety of different types of user services, such as voice services, data services, multimedia services, etc. These different types of user services have different QoS ( Quality of Service, service quality) requirements. the

为了满足多用户在多天线系统中各种不同的用户QoS需求,同时尽可能的降低多用户间的干扰,在多天线系统中需要有效的多用户传输机制。但是,现有技术是从单一的物理层或MAC(Media Access Control,媒质用户接入)层进行考虑,无法同时满足各用户的QoS需求和系统整体传输容量最大,因此需要联合考虑物理层和MAC层,在物理层通过估计各用户信道状态信息,结合各用户MAC层参数,实现跨层的多用户在多天线系统中的数据优化传输。  In order to meet various user QoS requirements of multiple users in a multi-antenna system and reduce the interference among multiple users as much as possible, an effective multi-user transmission mechanism is required in a multi-antenna system. However, the existing technology is considered from a single physical layer or MAC (Media Access Control, media user access) layer, which cannot simultaneously meet the QoS requirements of each user and maximize the overall transmission capacity of the system, so it is necessary to jointly consider the physical layer and MAC At the physical layer, by estimating the channel state information of each user and combining the MAC layer parameters of each user, the cross-layer multi-user data optimization transmission in the multi-antenna system is realized. the

发明内容Contents of the invention

为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种多用户多天线传输的系统及方法,其目的在于,实现多用户多天线传输的跨层优化,在达到用户间干扰整体最小化的同时保证各用户的QoS需求。  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discloses a system and method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission, the purpose of which is to realize cross-layer optimization of multi-user multi-antenna transmission, and to ensure the overall minimization of interference among users while ensuring the security of each user. QoS requirements. the

本发明公开了一种多用户多天线传输的方法,包括:  The invention discloses a multi-user multi-antenna transmission method, including:

步骤1,设置空间相关度阈值,并按用户媒体接入控制层的参数确定所述用户的服务优先级;  Step 1, setting the spatial correlation threshold, and determining the service priority of the user according to the parameters of the user media access control layer;

步骤2,选择服务优先级最高的用户为第一个选定用户;  Step 2, select the user with the highest service priority as the first selected user;

步骤3,计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,空间相关 度低于所述空间相关度阈值的未选定用户构成待选用户集合;  Step 3, calculate the spatial correlation between the unselected user and the recently selected user, and the unselected users whose spatial correlation is lower than the spatial correlation threshold constitute the user set to be selected;

步骤4,选择所述待选用户集合中服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户;  Step 4, select the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected as the selected user;

步骤5,判断已选取的用户数量是否等于发射天线数,如果是则将选定用户的数据进行编码后发送,否则,执行所述步骤3。  Step 5, judging whether the number of selected users is equal to the number of transmitting antennas, if yes, encoding the data of the selected users and sending it, otherwise, performing the step 3. the

所述用户媒体接入控制层的参数为用户媒体接入控制层服务质量等级,  The parameter of the user media access control layer is the quality of service level of the user media access control layer,

所述步骤1中确定用户服务优先级的过程进一步为,将所述用户媒体接入控制层服务质量等级对应为所述用户的服务优先级,所述服务质量等级越高对应的所述服务优先级越高。  The process of determining the service priority of the user in the step 1 is further to correspond the service quality level of the user media access control layer to the service priority of the user, and the service priority corresponding to the higher the service quality level is The higher the level. the

所述用户媒体接入控制层的参数为用户媒体接入控制层业务队列长度,  The parameter of the user media access control layer is the service queue length of the user media access control layer,

所述步骤1中确定用户服务优先级的过程进一步为,将所述用户媒体接入控制层业务队列长度对应为所述用户的服务优先级,所述业务队列越长对应的所述服务优先级越高。  The process of determining the service priority of the user in the step 1 is further as follows: the service queue length of the user media access control layer corresponds to the service priority of the user, and the longer the service queue corresponds to the service priority higher. the

本发明还公开了一种多用户多天线传输的系统,包括:  The present invention also discloses a multi-user multi-antenna transmission system, including:

设置模块,用于设置空间相关度阈值,并按用户媒体接入控制层的参数确定所述用户的服务优先级;  A setting module, configured to set the spatial correlation threshold, and determine the service priority of the user according to the parameters of the user media access control layer;

选取模块,选择服务优先级最高的用户为第一个选定用户,计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,空间相关度低于所述空间相关度阈值的未选定用户构成待选用户集合,选择所述待选用户集合中服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户,重复所述构成待选用户集合和在所述待选用户集合中选定用户的过程至选取的用户数量等于发射天线的数量为止;  The selection module selects the user with the highest service priority as the first selected user, calculates the spatial correlation between the unselected user and the recently selected user, and the unselected user whose spatial correlation is lower than the spatial correlation threshold The users form a user set to be selected, select the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected as the selected user, and repeat the process of forming the user set to be selected and selecting a user in the user set to be selected until the user is selected. The number of users is equal to the number of transmitting antennas;

发送模块,用于将选定用户的数据进行编码后发送。  The sending module is used for encoding the data of the selected user and sending it. the

所述用户媒体接入控制层的参数为用户媒体接入控制层服务质量等级,  The parameter of the user media access control layer is the quality of service level of the user media access control layer,

所述设置模块进一步用于将所述用户媒体接入控制层服务质量等级对应为所述用户的服务优先级,所述服务质量等级越高对应的所述服务优先级越高。  The setting module is further configured to map the service quality level of the user media access control layer to the service priority of the user, and the higher the service quality level, the higher the corresponding service priority. the

所述用户媒体接入控制层的参数为用户媒体接入控制层业务队列长度,  The parameter of the user media access control layer is the service queue length of the user media access control layer,

所述设置模块进一步用于将所述用户媒体接入控制层业务队列长度对应为所述用户的服务优先级,所述业务队列越长对应的所述服务优先级越高。  The setting module is further configured to correspond the service queue length of the user medium access control layer to the service priority of the user, and the longer the service queue, the higher the corresponding service priority. the

本发明的有益效果在于,提供了一种多用户多天线传输的系统及方法,能够实现多用户多天线传输的跨层优化,并能够实现多用户的空间复用,在 达到用户间干扰最小化的同时保证各用户的QoS需求。  The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it provides a system and method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission, which can realize cross-layer optimization of multi-user multi-antenna transmission, and can realize multi-user spatial multiplexing, and minimize interference between users While ensuring the QoS requirements of each user. the

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的方法流程图;  Fig. 1 is method flowchart of the present invention;

图2是本发明的系统流程图;  Fig. 2 is a system flow chart of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例1的方法流程图;  Fig. 3 is the method flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention 1;

图4是本发明实施例2的方法流程图。  Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the method of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. the

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明做进一步的详细描述。  The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. the

本发明的方法流程如图1所示。  The process flow of the method of the present invention is shown in Figure 1. the

步骤S101,设置空间相关度阈值,并按用户MAC层的参数确定所述用户的服务优先级;  Step S101, setting the spatial correlation threshold, and determining the service priority of the user according to the parameters of the user MAC layer;

步骤S102,选择服务优先级最高的用户为第一个选定用户;  Step S102, selecting the user with the highest service priority as the first selected user;

步骤S103,计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,空间相关度低于所述空间相关度阈值的未选定用户构成待选用户集合;  Step S103, calculating the spatial correlation between the unselected user and the recently selected user, and the unselected users whose spatial correlation is lower than the spatial correlation threshold constitute a set of candidate users;

步骤S104,选择所述待选用户集合中服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户;  Step S104, selecting the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected as the selected user;

步骤S105,判断是否完成用户选取,如果是,执行步骤S106,否则,执行步骤S103;  Step S105, judge whether the user selection is completed, if yes, execute step S106, otherwise, execute step S103;

步骤S106,将选定用户的数据进行编码后发送。  In step S106, the data of the selected user is encoded and sent. the

本发明的系统结构图如图2所示。  The system structure diagram of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 . the

设置模块201,用于设置空间相关度阈值,并按用户媒体接入控制层的参数确定所述用户的服务优先级;  The setting module 201 is used to set the spatial correlation threshold, and determine the service priority of the user according to the parameters of the user media access control layer;

选取模块202,选择服务优先级最高的用户为第一个选定用户,计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,空间相关度低于所述空间相关 度阈值的未选定用户构成待选用户集合,选择所述待选用户集合中服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户,重复所述构成待选用户集合和在所述待选用户集合中选定用户的过程以完成用户选取;  Select module 202, select the user with the highest service priority as the first selected user, calculate the spatial correlation between unselected users and the recently selected users, and the unselected users whose spatial correlation is lower than the spatial correlation threshold Determine the users to form the user set to be selected, select the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected as the selected user, repeat the process of forming the user set to be selected and selecting a user in the user set to be selected to complete user selection;

发送模块203,用于将选定用户的数据进行编码后发送。  The sending module 203 is configured to encode the data of the selected user and then send it. the

实施例1  Example 1

在实施例1中依据用户MAC层QoS等级和被选取用户间的空间相关度选取用户。  In Embodiment 1, users are selected according to the QoS level of the user's MAC layer and the spatial correlation between the selected users. the

具体方法流程如图3所示。  The specific method flow is shown in Figure 3. the

步骤S301,根据用户的QoS需求分成不同的QoS等级,每一个等级对应于一个服务优先级,QoS等级越高对应的服务优先级越高。  Step S301, according to the user's QoS requirements, it is divided into different QoS levels, each level corresponds to a service priority, and the higher the QoS level, the higher the corresponding service priority. the

步骤S302,选取服务优先级最高的用户作为选定用户。  Step S302, selecting the user with the highest service priority as the selected user. the

步骤S303,获得各个用户的信道矩阵,依据公式1和公式2计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,对空间相关度进行排序,选择空间相关度低于空间相关度阈值的未选定用户构成待选用户集合。  Step S303, obtain the channel matrix of each user, calculate the spatial correlation between the unselected user and the recently selected user according to formula 1 and formula 2, sort the spatial correlation, and select the spatial correlation lower than the spatial correlation threshold The unselected users constitute the user set to be selected. the

如果在构成前已经存在待选用户集合,则用新构成的待选用户集合替换原来的待选用户集合。  If the user set to be selected already exists before the formation, the original user set to be selected is replaced with the newly formed user set to be selected. the

如果是第一次执行步骤S303,则最近选定的用户为步骤S302中选择的第一个选定用户。  If step S303 is executed for the first time, the most recently selected user is the first selected user selected in step S302. the

步骤S304,对待选用户集合中的用户按服务优先级排序,选取服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户。  In step S304, the users in the user set to be selected are sorted according to service priority, and the user with the highest service priority is selected as the selected user. the

步骤S305,判断已选取的用户数量是否等于发射天线数量,如果等于,执行步骤S306,否则,执行步骤S303。  Step S305, judging whether the number of selected users is equal to the number of transmitting antennas, if so, execute step S306, otherwise, execute step S303. the

步骤S306,编码并发送用户数据,编码方法可以采用多用户间干扰消除的编码方法。  Step S306, encode and send the user data, the encoding method may adopt the encoding method of multi-user interference cancellation. the

实施例2  Example 2

在实施例2中依据用户MAC层用户业务队列长度和被选取用户间的空间相关度选取用户。  In Embodiment 2, users are selected according to the length of the user service queue at the user MAC layer and the spatial correlation between selected users. the

具体方法流程如图4所示。  The specific method flow is shown in Figure 4. the

步骤S401,根据用户业务队列长度分成不同的等级,每一个等级对应于一个服务优先级,业务队列长度越长对应的服务优先级越高。  Step S401, according to the length of the service queue of the user, it is divided into different levels, each level corresponds to a service priority, and the longer the service queue length, the higher the corresponding service priority. the

步骤S402,选取服务优先级最高的用户作为选定用户。  Step S402, selecting the user with the highest service priority as the selected user. the

步骤S403,获得各个用户的信道矩阵,依据公式1和公式2计算未选定用户同最近选定的用户间的空间相关度,对空间相关度进行排序,选择空间相关度低于空间相关度阈值的未选定用户,构成待选用户集合。  Step S403, obtain the channel matrix of each user, calculate the spatial correlation between the unselected user and the recently selected user according to formula 1 and formula 2, sort the spatial correlation, and select the spatial correlation lower than the spatial correlation threshold The unselected users constitute the set of users to be selected. the

如果在构成前已经存在待选用户集合,则用新构成的待选用户集合替换原来的待选用户集合。  If the user set to be selected already exists before the formation, the original user set to be selected is replaced with the newly formed user set to be selected. the

如果第一次执行步骤S403,则最近选定的用户为步骤S402中选择的第一个选定用户。  If step S403 is executed for the first time, the most recently selected user is the first selected user selected in step S402. the

步骤S404,对待选用户集合中的用户按服务优先级排序,选取服务优先级最高的用户为选定用户。  In step S404, the users in the user set to be selected are sorted according to service priority, and the user with the highest service priority is selected as the selected user. the

步骤S405,判断已选取的用户数量是否等于发射天线数量,如果等于,执行步骤S406,否则,执行步骤S403。  Step S405, judging whether the number of selected users is equal to the number of transmitting antennas, if so, execute step S406, otherwise, execute step S403. the

步骤S406,编码并发送用户数据,编码方法可以采用多用户间干扰消除的编码方法。  Step S406, encode and send the user data, the encoding method may adopt the encoding method of multi-user interference cancellation. the

本领域的技术人员在不脱离权利要求书确定的本发明的精神和范围的条件下,还可以对以上内容进行各种各样的修改。因此本发明的范围并不仅限于以上的说明,而是由权利要求书的范围来确定的。  Various modifications can be made to the above contents by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description, but is determined by the scope of the claims. the

Claims (6)

1. A method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission, comprising:
step 1, setting a spatial correlation threshold, and determining the service priority of a user according to parameters of a user media access control layer;
step 2, selecting the user with the highest service priority as a first selected user;
step 3, calculating the spatial correlation degree between the unselected users and the most recently selected user, wherein the unselected users with the spatial correlation degree lower than the spatial correlation degree threshold value form a user set to be selected;
step 4, selecting the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected as the selected user;
and 5, judging whether the number of the selected users is equal to the number of the transmitting antennas, if so, coding and then transmitting the data of the selected users, and otherwise, executing the step 3.
2. The method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission according to claim 1,
the parameter of the user media access control layer is the service quality grade of the user media access control layer;
the process of determining the service priority of the user in the step 1 is further that the service quality grade of the user media access control layer is corresponding to the service priority of the user, and the higher the service quality grade is, the higher the corresponding service priority is.
3. The method for multi-user multi-antenna transmission according to claim 1,
the parameter of the user media access control layer is the service queue length of the user media access control layer;
the process of determining the service priority of the user in the step 1 is further that the service queue length of the media access control layer of the user is corresponding to the service priority of the user, and the longer the service queue is, the higher the corresponding service priority is.
4. A system for multi-user multi-antenna transmission, comprising:
the setting module is used for setting a spatial correlation threshold and determining the service priority of the user according to the parameters of the user media access control layer;
a selecting module, which selects the user with the highest service priority as the first selected user, calculates the spatial correlation between the unselected users and the most recently selected user, the unselected users whose spatial correlation is lower than the spatial correlation threshold form a user set to be selected, selects the user with the highest service priority in the user set to be selected, and repeats the process of forming the user set to be selected and selecting the users in the user set to be selected until the number of the selected users is equal to the number of transmitting antennas;
and the sending module is used for coding and sending the data of the selected user.
5. The system for multi-user multi-antenna transmission according to claim 4,
the parameter of the user media access control layer is the service quality grade of the user media access control layer;
the setting module is further configured to correspond the user media access control layer service quality level to a service priority of the user, where the higher the service quality level is, the higher the corresponding service priority is.
6. The system for multi-user multi-antenna transmission according to claim 4,
the parameter of the user media access control layer is the service queue length of the user media access control layer;
the setting module is further configured to correspond the length of the service queue of the user media access control layer to a service priority of the user, where the longer the service queue, the higher the corresponding service priority.
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