CN101250702A - Method for baking enamel of macrotype glassed steel equipment with energy-saving type glassed steel enamel coating enamel - Google Patents
Method for baking enamel of macrotype glassed steel equipment with energy-saving type glassed steel enamel coating enamel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101250702A CN101250702A CNA2008100203528A CN200810020352A CN101250702A CN 101250702 A CN101250702 A CN 101250702A CN A2008100203528 A CNA2008100203528 A CN A2008100203528A CN 200810020352 A CN200810020352 A CN 200810020352A CN 101250702 A CN101250702 A CN 101250702A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an enameling burning method for using energy-saving type glass-lining to enamel large glass lined devices. The method comprises following steps: inputting air which is dried in a kiln which enamels the large glass lined devices, simultaneously, freely taking out wet air in the kiln with hot air in the kiln, controlling the content of vapor in the atmosphere in the kiln to be less than 2-4 DEG C on the average dew point through replacing between the hot air and the wet air continuously or discontinuously, dividing sintering temperature in the kiln into a plurality of temperature control segments, wherein the front three temperature control segments a, b and c are respectively: a: room temperature-550DEG C 8-10DEG C/minute, b: 550-780DEG C 2-4DEG C/minute, c: 780-880DEG C 3-5DEG C/minute, and the method of the invention can reduce the vapor in the atmosphere of the kiln for enameling the glass lined devices and can effectively control the heating rate of the enameling kiln. The method of the invention prevents defects such as serious rust sparks, visionary hopes (dark bubbles also named re-boiling bubbles), capillary cracks and the like from producing, which guarantees the quality of a glaze layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of enamel firing method of large-scale glass-lined equipment.Belong to the lass lining technical field.
Background technology
Glass-lined equipment is important anticorrosion, the anti-pollution equipment of oil, chemical industry, medicine, foodstuffs industry.Glass-lined equipment is made up of agitator, step-down gear and tank body.Tank body (as Fig. 1) is made up of upper cover 2, lower cover 5, cylindrical shell 4 and the mouth of pipe etc.Tank base has the discharging mouth of pipe 7, and the reinforced mouth of pipe 8 and manhole 1 etc. are arranged at top, and there is chuck its outside, and chuck is made up of chuck cylindrical shell 3, chuck lower cover 6 and adapter.The lass lining tank body is used T-Ring 9, T-Ring 10 welds with chuck down.
Lass lining inner tank wall application of slip one deck glassiness glaze, glassiness glaze burns till and adheres on the base substrate wall (soft steel) through 850-950 ℃ of high temperature.Wherein the enamel firing technology is a most important technology in the technological process.Traditional enamel firing technology is that the normal temperature goods are directly put into the kiln that has been warming up to about 850-950 ℃, goods freely heat up, be warmed up to about 850-950 ℃ Deng again, glassiness glaze is fused into uniform glassiness glaze layer in low-carbon (LC) steel glass-lined equipment billet surface, the chemical reaction and the physical action of complexity in this process because between atmosphere, glassiness glaze and the steel in the kiln, make the quality of glaze layer be difficult to guarantee, produces defectives such as serious rust spot, visionary hope (secretly bubble or title boil again bubble), hairline.Trace it to its cause, mainly contain following some:
1, boil again, be meant the test specimen (or workpiece) of the application of slip, can occur bubble suddenly during reheat, when prolonging firing time, bubble can subside or disappear, and the hydrogen that contains in the steel is to produce the main root that enamel defect " is boiled " again.
The solubleness of hydrogen in pure iron is the function of temperature, increase with temperature rising hydrogen solubleness in steel, otherwise cooling is then separated out, as shown in Figure 2.
Here to point out that the hydrogen that is present in the steel has various ways, and mainly be two kinds, that is: molecular hydrogen (H
2) and atomic hydrogen [H].Molecular hydrogen can be stored in the gap of steel.Molecular hydrogen and atomic hydrogen can transform mutually, and the ratio of amount is relevant with temperature and pressure.Molecular hydrogen can not spread in steel.Atomic hydrogen [H] can also can be assembled to glass-metal interface, with gas molecule H simultaneously to all directions diffusion in steel
2Form be deposited in any enough big interface void.Hydrogen molecule can be heated and form the bubble that boils again when enamel firing once more.
2, defectives such as dark bubble, rust spot are main relevant with the behavior of nascent hydrogen [H] in steel, the source of hydrogen is many-sided in the steel, except steel self contained a certain amount of hydrogen, the nascent hydrogen [H] that the reaction of steel surface and aqueous vapor generates when enamel firing also was the important source of hydrogen, and following reaction is arranged:
C+H
2O→CO+2[H] ……①
Fe+H
2O→FeO+2[H]……②
H in the reaction
2O mainly is present in the furnace atmosphere, and the steam in the atmosphere is many more, and the nascent hydrogen of generation is many more, and defectives such as the dark bubble of generation, rust spot are also just many more.And because the steam in the common kiln is uncertain factor.Particularly high temperature rainwater season, air is very moist.A lot of steam is arranged in this atmosphere, can generate a lot of nascent hydrogens, defectives such as the more serious dark bubble that therefore also will produce, rust spot.The quantitative change of separating out atomic hydrogen when thereby the amount of therefore having only the steam that reduces in the furnace atmosphere just can reduce dissolving atomic hydrogen in the steel makes cooling is few, boils thereby overcome or reduce.
3, the enamel for glassed steel that patent of the present invention adopted is that a kind of mill adds ultra-fine ZrO
2The energy-saving glass cover-coat enamel of powder body as fortifier is made up of frit and mill addition two portions, and its frit mainly contains the raw material of following weight part and forms:
Base stock: SiO
2+ B
2O
3=45～55
Solubility promoter: Na
2O+K
2O=7～12 MgO+CaO+BaO=12～16 Li
2O3.5～6
Tinting material: CoO 1～2
Refractory composition: ZrO
2+ Al
2O
3+ TiO
2=6～15;
Described mill addition, it is formed by frit weight is 100, the raw material that mainly contains following weight part is formed:
400～500 order zirconium English powder 40～60
We make the good glaze of mill _ 2mm * 3mm right cylinder sample, adopt the heating rate identical with the temperature rise rate of glaze firing in the actual production, with the changing conditions of hot-stage microscope observation sample profile in heat-processed, and the temperature when noting different shapes.Be illustrated in figure 3 as the variation diagram of glass glaze melting process profile.Just can measure the hot properties parameter of this enamel for glassed steel according to Fig. 3:
Initial melting temperature (η=10
7.6Pool): 550 ℃
Temperature of fusion (η=10
4.8Pool): 780 ℃
Complete temperature of fusion (η=10
3.2Pool): 880 ℃
Yield temperature (η=10
2.2Pool): 960 ℃.
The thermal expansion of enamel for glassed steel is about α=9-9.5 * 10
-6/ ℃, the α=13-14 of steel * 10
-6/ ℃, and enamel for glassed steel has three temperature profiles to be in temperature-rise period: room temperature-550 ℃ is the loose powder shape, and 550-780 ℃ is sticking bulk, and 780-950 ℃ is that mobile is glassy, as shown in Figure 4.
Goods are when heating up, the thermal expansion of steel is bigger than enamel for glassed steel, if enamel for glassed steel layer and steel are heated asynchronously in temperature-rise period, the complicated place of structure of steel product is heated faster than enamel for glassed steel, then produce the drag torque of steel to the enamel for glassed steel layer, the enamel for glassed steel layer that will be under the sticking bulk attitude pulls into hairline.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of enamel firing method that can reduce the steam in the glass-lined equipment enamel firing furnace atmosphere and can effectively control the large-scale glass-lined equipment of using the application of slip of energy-saving type glassed steel glaze of enamel firing furnace heating-up speed is provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of enamel firing method of using the large-scale glass-lined equipment of the energy-saving type glassed steel glaze application of slip is characterized in that described method mainly comprises:
To feed in the kiln of the large-scale glass-lined equipment of enamel firing through the exsiccant air, and the damp-heat air in the kiln is freely taken out of by kiln hot gas simultaneously, by continuous or discrete so dried, wet air displacement, make the content of the steam in the atmosphere in the kiln be controlled at average dew point less than 2～4 ℃.
The firing temperature of kiln is divided into a plurality of temperature control sections, and wherein first three temperature control section a, b, c are respectively (see figure 5):
A: room temperature-550 ℃ 8～10 ℃/minute
B:550-780 ℃ 2～4 ℃/minute
C:780-880 ℃ 3～5 ℃/minute.
Goods are when heating up, and the thermal expansion of steel is bigger than enamel for glassed steel.Glaze is the loose powder shape before 550 ℃, and steel do not produce pulling force to the glaze layer, so rate of warming can be 8～10 ℃/minute hurry up; When being raised to 550-780 ℃ of glaze, temperature is sticking bulk, then produce the drag torque of steel to the enamel for glassed steel layer, steel are heated faster than enamel for glassed steel at the complicated place of tank structure, increased drag torque, the enamel for glassed steel layer that will be under the sticking bulk attitude pulls into hairline, so heat-up rate must be lowered, be controlled at 2～4 ℃/minute at this temperature section; Because of the glaze layer melts, steel did not have pulling force to fusing glaze layer, are 3～5 ℃/minute so can suitably accelerate heat-up rate after temperature surpassed 780 ℃.
The enamel for glassed steel that the present invention adopts is that a kind of mill adds ultra-fine ZrO
2The energy-saving glass cover-coat enamel of powder body as fortifier is made up of frit and mill addition two portions, and raw material-4-that its frit mainly contains following weight part forms:
Base stock: SiO
2+ B
2O
3=45～55
Solubility promoter: Na
2O+K
2O=7～12 MgO+CaO+BaO=12～16 Li
2O3.5～6
Tinting material: CoO 1～2
Refractory composition: ZrO
2+ Al
2O
3+ TiO
2=6～15;
Described mill addition, it is formed by frit weight is 100, the raw material that mainly contains following weight part is formed:
400～500 order zirconium English powder 40～60
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, the present invention discharges damp and hot air simultaneously by feed the exsiccant air in kiln, controls the moisture content in the kiln gas, has reduced the amount of nascent hydrogen [H].Reached the purpose that alleviates or eliminate defectives such as dark bubble, rust spot;
2, the present invention is by the temperature rise rate of above-mentioned three temperature control sections in the microcomputer control goods temperature-rise period, the buffering and balance dissolving and the separate out amount of hydrogen in steel, can not make that hydrogen is molten not to be advanced in the steel or separate out suddenly because of temperature fluctuation because of heat-up rate is too fast, form dark bubble between steel and the glaze thereby make hydrogen stay with the form storage of hydrogen molecule.
3, the present invention effectively controls temperature rise rate by microcomputer, make steel and glaze layer near heating up synchronously, alleviated the too fast expansion of steel, make softening, the burn-off rate of glaze layer catch up with the expansion of steel simultaneously, one side has reduced the drag torque of steel to the glaze layer like this, on the other hand, the glaze layer has been accelerated softening, can not produce the hairline defective even produce little drag torque,, can not be torn because the glaze layer that has softened can the tension force deformation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an enclosed glass-lined reactor body overall structure synoptic diagram involved in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the invertible dissolution degree figure of hydrogen in pure iron involved in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the variation diagram of glass glaze melting process profile involved in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the temperature variant state graph of glaze involved in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is heating curve figure involved in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a kiln risers structural representation involved in the present invention.
Among the figure: manhole 1, upper cover 2, chuck cylindrical shell 3, cylindrical shell 4, lower cover 5, chuck upper cover 6, the discharging mouth of pipe 7, the reinforced mouth of pipe 8, last T-Ring 9, following T-Ring 10, dry air access tube A.
Embodiment
1) atmosphere adopts Recycle design in the kiln
Referring to Fig. 6, the sunk type kiln is offered several dry air imports at the housing bottom of body of heater, be provided with several dry air access tubes A at the kiln top, dry gas is fed by pipe A, make the body of heater periphery be full of dry gas, make dry gas enter body of heater from bottom of furnace body; Gap between the fire door of kiln and fire door, fire door and the suspension rod is as moisture exhausting port.Damp-heat air in the kiln is freely discharged by this moisture exhausting port, and continuous or discrete dried, wet air displacement by such make the content of the steam in the atmosphere in the kiln reach the enamel firing processing requirement, and average dew point is less than 2～4 ℃.
2) 1500KV electrically heated kiln is divided into 12～16 groups, adopts microcomputer to press heating curve control temperature rise rate.Wherein first three temperature control section a, b, c are respectively:
A: room temperature-550 ℃ 8～10 ℃/minute
B:550-780 ℃ 2～4 ℃/minute
C:780-880 ℃ 3～5 ℃/minute.
According to glass-lined equipment goods size and textural difference, can regulate temperature rise rate.
3, the enamel for glassed steel of the present invention's employing is that a kind of mill adds ultra-fine ZrO
2The energy-saving glass cover-coat enamel of powder body as fortifier is made up of frit and mill addition two portions, and its frit mainly contains the raw material of following weight part and forms:
Base stock: SiO
2+ B
2O
3=45～55
Solubility promoter: Na
2O+K
2O=7～12 MgO+CaO+BaO=12～16 Li
2O3.5～6
Tinting material: CoO 1～2
Refractory composition: ZrO
2+ Al
2O
3+ TiO
2=6～15;
Described mill addition, it is formed by frit weight is 100, the raw material that mainly contains following weight part is formed:
400～500 order zirconium English powder 40～60
Annotate: the note of dew-point temperature
Dew point: a kind of method for expressing that is atmospheric moisture.When air themperature decline, airborne steam can condense into little water droplet.Just the temperature spot that produces little water droplet is dew point.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of enamel firing method of using the large-scale glass-lined equipment of the energy-saving type glassed steel glaze application of slip is characterized in that described method mainly comprises:
To feed in the kiln of the large-scale glass-lined equipment of enamel firing through the exsiccant air, and the damp-heat air in the kiln is freely taken out of by kiln hot gas simultaneously, by continuous or discrete so dried, wet air displacement, make the content of the steam in the atmosphere in the kiln be controlled at average dew point less than 2～4 ℃;
The firing temperature of kiln is divided into a plurality of temperature control sections, and wherein first three temperature control section a, b, c are respectively:
A: room temperature-550 ℃ 8～10 ℃/minute
B:550-780 ℃ 2～4 ℃/minute
C:780-880 ℃ 3～5 ℃/minute
The enamel for glassed steel of the described large-scale glass-lined equipment inwall application of slip is made up of frit and mill addition two portions, and its frit mainly contains the raw material of following weight part and forms:
Base stock: SiO
2+ B
2O
3=45～55
Solubility promoter: Na
2O+K
2O=7～12 MgO+CaO+BaO=12～16 Li
2O3.5～6
Tinting material: CoO 1～2
Refractory composition: ZrO
2+ Al
2O
3+ TiO
2=6～15;
Described mill addition, it is formed by frit weight is 100, the raw material that mainly contains following weight part is formed:
400～500 order zirconium English powder 40～60
Suspension agent clay 3～5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100203528A CN101250702B (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2008-03-03 | Method for baking enamel of macrotype glassed steel equipment with energy-saving type glassed steel enamel coating enamel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100203528A CN101250702B (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2008-03-03 | Method for baking enamel of macrotype glassed steel equipment with energy-saving type glassed steel enamel coating enamel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101250702A true CN101250702A (en) | 2008-08-27 |
| CN101250702B CN101250702B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
Family
ID=39954298
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100203528A Active CN101250702B (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2008-03-03 | Method for baking enamel of macrotype glassed steel equipment with energy-saving type glassed steel enamel coating enamel |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101250702B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102634798A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 天津市福荣工业制品有限公司 | Dry-type enameling method for cast iron enameling stove |
| CN102634797A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 天津市福荣工业制品有限公司 | Wet type enameling method for cast iron enameling stove |
| CN106288396A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 江阴硅普搪瓷股份有限公司 | A kind of pair of D-shaped quick-acting water heater inner bag and the fusion method of enamel glass coating thereof |
| US10316420B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2019-06-11 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Systems and methods for continuous alkaline lead acid battery recycling |
-
2008
- 2008-03-03 CN CN2008100203528A patent/CN101250702B/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102634798A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 天津市福荣工业制品有限公司 | Dry-type enameling method for cast iron enameling stove |
| CN102634797A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-08-15 | 天津市福荣工业制品有限公司 | Wet type enameling method for cast iron enameling stove |
| CN102634798B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-05-07 | 天津市福荣工业制品有限公司 | Dry-type enameling method for cast iron enameling stove |
| CN102634797B (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2014-05-07 | 天津市福荣工业制品有限公司 | Wet type enameling method for cast iron enameling stove |
| US10316420B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 | 2019-06-11 | Aqua Metals Inc. | Systems and methods for continuous alkaline lead acid battery recycling |
| CN106288396A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-04 | 江阴硅普搪瓷股份有限公司 | A kind of pair of D-shaped quick-acting water heater inner bag and the fusion method of enamel glass coating thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101250702B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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Address after: Jiangsu city of Jiangyin Province in the 214443 Shanghai Gate Bridge first Baishishan No. 6 Patentee after: Jiangyin silica enamel Limited by Share Ltd Address before: Jiangsu city of Jiangyin Province in the 214443 Shanghai Gate Bridge first Baishishan No. 6 Patentee before: Jiangyin Guipu Enamel Co., Ltd. |